- 2023-08: A Multilingual and Fine-Grained NER model trained on MultiNERD is now available on HF Models!
- 2023-04: Our MultiNERD dataset is available on HF Datasets!
- 2022-07: The MultiNERD paper is out!
Data and evaluation code for the paper MultiNERD: A Multilingual, Multi-Genre and Fine-Grained Dataset for Named Entity Recognition (and Disambiguation).
@inproceedings{tedeschi-navigli-2022-multinerd,
title = "{M}ulti{NERD}: A Multilingual, Multi-Genre and Fine-Grained Dataset for Named Entity Recognition (and Disambiguation)",
author = "Tedeschi, Simone and
Navigli, Roberto",
booktitle = "Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: NAACL 2022",
month = jul,
year = "2022",
address = "Seattle, United States",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://aclanthology.org/2022.findings-naacl.60",
doi = "10.18653/v1/2022.findings-naacl.60",
pages = "801--812",
abstract = "Named Entity Recognition (NER) is the task of identifying named entities in texts and classifying them through specific semantic categories, a process which is crucial for a wide range of NLP applications. Current datasets for NER focus mainly on coarse-grained entity types, tend to consider a single textual genre and to cover a narrow set of languages, thus limiting the general applicability of NER systems.In this work, we design a new methodology for automatically producing NER annotations, and address the aforementioned limitations by introducing a novel dataset that covers 10 languages, 15 NER categories and 2 textual genres.We also introduce a manually-annotated test set, and extensively evaluate the quality of our novel dataset on both this new test set and standard benchmarks for NER.In addition, in our dataset, we include: i) disambiguation information to enable the development of multilingual entity linking systems, and ii) image URLs to encourage the creation of multimodal systems.We release our dataset at https://github.com/Babelscape/multinerd.",
}Please consider citing our work if you use data and/or code from this repository.
In a nutshell, MultiNERD is the first language-agnostic methodology for automatically creating multilingual, multi-genre and fine-grained annotations for Named Entity Recognition and Entity Disambiguation. Specifically, it can be seen an extension of the combination of two prior works from our research group that are WikiNEuRal, from which we took inspiration for the state-of-the-art silver-data creation methodology, and NER4EL, from which we took the fine-grained classes and inspiration for the entity linking part.
The produced dataset covers:
- 10 languages: Chinese, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish;
- 15 NER categories: Person (PER), Location (LOC), Organization (ORG}), Animal (ANIM), Biological entity (BIO), Celestial Body (CEL), Disease (DIS), Event (EVE), Food (FOOD), Instrument (INST), Media (MEDIA), Plant (PLANT), Mythological entity (MYTH), Time (TIME) and Vehicle (VEHI);
- 2 textual genres, i.e. Wikipedia and WikiNews articles;
- 3 different reference KBs for entity disambiguation, i.e. BabelNet, WikiData and Wikipedia.
Additionally, we included image URLs to encourage the creation of multimodal systems.
Finally, MultiNERD shows consistent improvements of up to against state-of-the-art alternative data production methods on common benchmarks for NER while covering a broader set of NER categories (15 vs. 4):
| Dataset Version | Sentences | Tokens | PER | ORG | LOC | ANIM | BIO | CEL | DIS | EVE | FOOD | INST | MEDIA | MYTH | PLANT | TIME | VEHI | OTHER |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MultiNERD EN | 164.1K | 3.6M | 75.8K | 33.7K | 78.5K | 15.5K | 0.2K | 2.8K | 11.2K | 3.2K | 11.0K | 0.4K | 7.5K | 0.7K | 9.5K | 3.2K | 0.5K | 3.1M |
| MultiNERD ES | 173.2K | 4.3M | 70.9K | 20.6K | 90.2K | 10.5K | 0.3K | 2.4K | 8.6K | 6.8K | 7.8K | 0.6K | 8.0K | 1.6K | 7.6K | 45.3K | 0.3K | 3.8M |
| MultiNERD NL | 171.7K | 3.0M | 56.9K | 21.4K | 78.7K | 34.4K | 0.1K | 2.1K | 6.1K | 4.7K | 5.6K | 0.2K | 3.8K | 1.3K | 6.3K | 31.0K | 0.4K | 2.7M |
| MultiNERD DE | 156.8K | 2.7M | 79.2K | 31.2K | 72.8K | 11.5K | 0.1K | 1.4K | 5.2K | 4.0K | 3.6K | 0.1K | 2.8K | 0.8K | 7.8K | 3.3K | 0.5K | 2.4M |
| MultiNERD RU | 129.0K | 2.3M | 43.4K | 21.5K | 75.2K | 7.3K | 0.1K | 1.2K | 1.9K | 2.8K | 3.2K | 1.1K | 11.3K | 0.6K | 4.8K | 22.8K | 0.5K | 2.0M |
| MultiNERD IT | 181.9K | 4.7M | 75.3K | 19.3K | 98.5K | 8.8K | 0.1K | 5.2K | 6.5K | 5.8K | 5.8K | 0.8K | 8.6K | 1.8K | 5.1K | 71.2K | 0.6K | 4.2M |
| MultiNERD FR | 176.2K | 4.3M | 89.6K | 28.2K | 90.9K | 11.4K | 0.1K | 2.3K | 3.1K | 7.4K | 3.2K | 0.7K | 8.0K | 2.0K | 4.4K | 27.4K | 0.6K | 3.8M |
| MultiNERD PL | 195.0K | 3.0M | 66.5K | 29.2K | 100.0K | 19.7K | 0.1K | 3.3K | 6.5K | 6.7K | 3.3K | 0.6K | 4.9K | 1.3K | 6.6K | 44.1K | 0.7K | 2.5M |
| MultiNERD PT | 177.6K | 3.9M | 54.0K | 13.2K | 124.8K | 14.7K | 0.1K | 4.2K | 6.8K | 5.9K | 5.4K | 0.6K | 9.1K | 1.6K | 9.2K | 48.6K | 0.3K | 3.4M |
| MultiNERD ZH | 195.3K | 5.8M | 68.3K | 20.8K | 49.6K | 26.1K | 0.4K | 0.8K | 0.1K | 5.1K | 1.9K | 1.1K | 55.9K | 1.8K | 6.1K | 0.4K | 0.3K | 3.4M |
We remark that the datasets are automatically created, and, therefore, they may contain errors. Specifically, the highest-quality classes (in terms of both precision and number of the annotations, according to Table 3 and Figure 1 in the paper are PER, ORG, LOC, CEL, DIS, EVE and MEDIA, while others can be often very noisy due to the ambiguity of their instances.
MultiNERD is licensed under the CC BY-SA-NC 4.0 license. The text of the license can be found here.
We underline that the source from which the raw sentences have been extracted are Wikipedia (wikipedia.org) and Wikinews wikinews.org and the NER annotations have been produced by Babelscape.
We gratefully acknowledge the support of the ERC Consolidator Grant MOUSSE No. 726487 under the European Union’s Horizon2020 research and innovation programme (http://mousse-project.org/).