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Current IR Specs

The Intermediate Representation is written in prefix notation.

#add(#arg[1],#arg[2])

Only a range of bits in a value/register can be accessed via ['pos',size'] or in case only one bit is needed ['pos'] where pos is the position starting with 0 and size is the number of bits taken. 0 means the rest of the variable

=(#arg1,#t[1][0,#size(#arg[1])])&=($c,#t0[#size(#arg[1])]))

Write to a register may only happen for a whole register

Not like this:
=(#arg[1],#fsub(#arg[1][0,32],#arg[2][0,32]))
Like this:
=(#arg[1],#app(#fadd(#arg[1][0,32],#arg[2][0,32]),#arg[1][32,0]))

#-Prefix

Internal Flags

these Flags are implicitly set After every arithmetic operation

  • #c
    • Carry Flag
  • #a
    • Half-Carry Flag
  • #p
    • Parity Flag
  • #o
    • Overflow Flag
  • #z
    • Zero Flag
  • #s
    • Signed Flag

Variables

  • #arg['n'] (0-ary)
    • The nth argument of the instruction. 0 means invalid
  • #stck['n'] (0-ary)
    • The nth element on the stack. 0 means invalid
  • #t['n'] (0-ary)
    • The nth temporary value. 0 means invalid

Functions

  • #seq (n-ary)
    • A sequence of operations
#seq(=(#arg[1],#shl(#arg[1],1)),($z,#z),=($p,#p),=($s,#s),=($o,#o),=($a,#a))
  • #app (n-ary)
    • A sequence of operations
#seq(=(#arg[1],#shl(#arg[1],1)),($z,#z),=($p,#p),=($s,#s),=($o,#o),=($a,#a))
  • #ret (0-ary)
    • Defines a return from a function. This does not assume that the return address is on the stack. It is completely independant of an architecture, but it terminates a function.
  • #jmp (1-ary)
    • A jump
  • #call (1-ary)
    • Calls a function
  • #trap (0-ary)
    • Trap
  • #syscall (1-ary)
    • Calls a function
  • =, #assign (2-ary)
    • Assignment
  • #size (1-ary)
    • Returns the bits of the argument
  • #popcnt (1-ary)
    • Number of bits set
  • ?, #if (2-ary)
    • 1st Argument is the condition, 2nd Argument is the Body
  • #loop (2-ary)
    • 1st Argument is the condition, 2nd Argument is the Body
  • #rec['mnemonic'] (n-ary)
    • Calls the Instruction identified by 'mnemonic'
  • #extend (2-ary)
    • zero extend of 1st argument to the size of 2nd argument
  • #sextend (2-ary)
    • Signed extend of 1st argument to the size of 2nd argument

Arithmetic

  • +, #add (2+-ary)
    • Addition
  • #sadd (2+-ary)
    • Signed Addition
  • #fadd (2+-ary)
    • Floating-point Addition
  • -, #sub (2+-ary)
    • Subtraction
  • #ssub (2+-ary)
    • Signed Subtraction
  • #fsub (2+-ary)
    • Floating-point Subtraction
  • *, #mul (2+-ary)
    • Multiplication
  • #smul (2+-ary)
    • Signed Multiplication
  • #fmul (2+-ary)
    • Floating-point Multiplication
  • #div (2-ary)
    • Division
  • #sdiv (2-ary)
    • Signed Division
  • #fdiv (2-ary)
    • Floating-point Division

Memory Operands

  • #st (2-ary)
    • Stores 2nd Argument in Memory location that is pointed to by the first Argument
  • #ld (2-ary)
    • Loads (2nd Argument) number of bytes from the (first Argument) memory location

Comparisons

  • <>, #neq (2-ary)
    • Not Equals
  • ==, #eq (2-ary)
    • Equals
  • <, #l (2-ary)
    • Smaller
  • <=, #le (2-ary)
    • Smaller Equals
  • >, #g (2-ary)
    • Greater
  • >=, #ge (2-ary)
    • Greater Equals
  • #not (1-ary)
    • Is 0

Bit Operators

  • #band (2+-ary)
    • Binary and
  • #bor (2+-ary)
    • Binary or
  • #bxor (2+-ary)
    • Binary xor
  • #bnot (1-ary)
    • Binary flip of bits
  • #shr (2-ary)
    • Shift right
  • #shl (2-ary)
    • Shift left
  • #sar (2-ary)
    • Shift arithmetic right
  • #sal (2-ary)
    • Shift arithmetic left
  • #ror (2-ary)
    • Rotate right
  • #rot (2-ary)
    • Rotate right

Cast

  • #i2f
    • Integer to Floating point
  • #f2i
    • Floating point to Integer

$-Prefix

Everthing with the $-prefix is user defined. Registers and Stacks are 0-ary. Stacks may only be used with #pop and #push.

Examples: $rax, $rbx, $rsp
#push($mem,#t[1])