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rules.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<meta name="description"
content="Learn about the sport of trials riding at Trials World. Get information about mountain biking, competition riding, and more.">
<meta name="keywords"
content="trials, riding, mountain biking, sport, competition riding, mountainbike trials, UCI">
<meta name="author" content="Chris Williams">
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<title>Trials World | Rules</title>
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<a href="index.html">
<h1 id="logo">Trials World</h1>
</a>
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<li id="home"><a href="index.html">Home</a></li>
<li id="rules"><a href="rules.html" class="active">Rules</a></li>
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<section>
<h2>Rules</h2>
<p>
In a bike trials competition, the general principle is to ride a number of pre-marked sections.
Typically, there are two laps of ten sections or three laps of seven sections. The winner is the
rider with the fewest points at the end of the competition.
</p>
<p>
Currently, there are two official types of competition rules enforced by the UCI (Union Cycliste
Internationale) and BikeTrial International Union (BIU). The maximum number of points that can be
obtained in each section is 5, and the lowest (best) score is 0 points or 'clean'. Points, sometimes
referred to as 'dabs', are gained when a rider puts a foot down within a section. Different rules
exist for the number of points gained, such as putting both feet down or a hand resulting in 5
points. Exceeding the time limit for the course leads to either 5 points (BIU rules) or an
additional point for every 15 seconds over the limit (UCI rules).
</p>
<img class="rules-img" src="assets/images/2004_UCI_WC_-_Mont_Sainte_Anne_-_trials_qualification.jpg"
alt="Example of a competition rider on a professional course setup">
<hr>
<h2>UCI</h2>
<p>
Under UCI rules, a "dab" is given if any part of the bike except the tires touches any object in the
course, including shoulders, elbows, and knees. The UCI rules were changed to this format after many
competitions ended in a draw, and riders were forced to ride an extra section. UCI rules also allow
riders to compete in both mod and stock categories. During a section, neither tire is allowed to
cross the side boundary tape, even if the wheel is in the air. The rider's hands must remain on the
handlebars. Before beginning a section, a rider is allowed to walk through it and examine all the
elements but must not enter it with their bike.
</p>
<img class="rules-img" src="assets/images/2739.jpg"
alt="Example of a competition 20-inch rider on a professional course setup crossing a narrow river">
<hr>
<h2>Course Design</h2>
<p>
According to UCI regulations, a course must consist of at least 14 sections, including repeated
sections. At most, two sections can be composed entirely of artificial elements. Both sides of the
course are marked with plastic tape, and there must be a clear stretch of 3 meters prior to the
finish line to prevent riders from jumping over the line from an obstacle. Maximum obstacle jump
heights are specified, ranging from 0.80 to 1.80 meters depending on the category. The sections,
each approximately 60 meters in length, are laid out on a circuit to allow riders to move from one
section to the next, although the order in which the sections must be completed depends on the
individual competition.
</p>
<img class="rules-img" src="assets/images/WC_Belgium_2017_Gilles_Coustellier2.jpg"
alt="Example of a competition 26-inch rider on a professional course setup hopping up to a tall rock">
<hr>
<h2>Street Trials</h2>
<p>
Street trials, or freestyle bike trials, is a non-competitive variant that incorporates features
found in urban environments. It is the trials equivalent of street skateboarding or street freestyle
BMX. Street trials riding is more fluid than competitive trials riding, encompassing the same skills
such as precise control of the bike, accurate landing points, jumps, and balancing on narrow
obstacles. Riders like <strong>Danny Macaskill</strong> have mastered riding through urban
situations, showcasing their abilities just as we can walk on two feet.
</p>
<img class="rules-img" src="assets/images/DM_190917_DANNY_MACASKILL_0011-e1570439420677.jpg"
alt="Danny Macaskill jumping a large gap from a high wall to a postbox">
<hr>
<h2>Frame Styles</h2>
<p>
Trials bikes are often designed without seats as trial riding does not require the rider to sit
down. This omission allows for a lighter bike that interferes less with the rider's body movements.
For the same reason, most trials frames are as low as possible, with the pedals often higher than
the frame above the bottom bracket (BB) at the top dead center. In terms of geometry, trials frames,
especially those biased towards competition, tend to have BB spindles positioned significantly
higher than the line between the axles.
</p>
<img class="rules-img" src="assets/images/Trials-Frame-Specs.png"
alt="Diagram showing how trials bike frame geometry differs from normal mountain bikes">
</section>
</div>
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<p>© C.Williams 2023. All rights reserved.</p>
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<p> Disclaimer: This website is for educational purposes only. The opinions or points of view
expressed here
represent the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the
UCI or The International Trials Association. Nothing on this website constitutes legal advice. Any
individuals, brand names, and logos appearing on this website, if any, are used for illustrative purposes
only.
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