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Psalm 60

1: לַ֭מְנַצֵּחַ עַל־ שׁוּשַׁ֣ן עֵד֑וּת מִכְתָּ֖ם לְדָוִ֣ד לְלַמֵּֽד׃ 2: בְּהַצּוֹת֨וֹ ׀ אֶ֥ת אֲרַ֣ם נַהֲרַיִם֮ וְאֶת־ אֲרַ֪ם צ֫וֹבָ֥ה וַיָּ֤שָׁב יוֹאָ֗ב וַיַּ֣ךְ אֶת־ אֱד֣וֹם בְּגֵיא־ מֶ֑לַח שְׁנֵ֖ים עָשָׂ֣ר אָֽלֶף׃ 3: אֱ֭לֹהִים זְנַחְתָּ֣נוּ פְרַצְתָּ֑נוּ אָ֝נַ֗פְתָּ תְּשׁ֣וֹבֵ֥ב לָֽנוּ׃ 4: הִרְעַ֣שְׁתָּה אֶ֣רֶץ פְּצַמְתָּ֑הּ רְפָ֖ה שְׁבָרֶ֣יהָ כִי־ מָֽטָה׃ 5: הִרְאִ֣יתָה עַמְּךָ֣ קָשָׁ֑ה הִ֝שְׁקִיתָ֗נוּ יַ֣יִן תַּרְעֵלָֽה׃ 6: נָ֘תַ֤תָּה לִּירֵאֶ֣יךָ נֵּ֭ס לְהִתְנוֹסֵ֑ס מִ֝פְּנֵ֗י קֹ֣שֶׁט סֶֽלָה׃ 7: לְ֭מַעַן יֵחָלְצ֣וּן יְדִידֶ֑יךָ הוֹשִׁ֖יעָה יְמִֽינְךָ֣ 8: אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ דִּבֶּ֥ר בְּקָדְשׁ֗וֹ אֶ֫עְלֹ֥זָה אֲחַלְּקָ֥ה שְׁכֶ֑ם וְעֵ֖מֶק סֻכּ֣וֹת אֲמַדֵּֽד׃ 9: לִ֤י גִלְעָ֨ד ׀ וְלִ֬י מְנַשֶּׁ֗ה וְ֭אֶפְרַיִם מָע֣וֹז רֹאשִׁ֑י יְ֝הוּדָ֗ה מְחֹֽקְקִי׃ 10: מוֹאָ֤ב ׀ סִ֬יר רַחְצִ֗י עַל־ אֱ֭דוֹם אַשְׁלִ֣יךְ נַעֲלִ֑י עָ֝לַ֗י פְּלֶ֣שֶׁת הִתְרֹעָֽעִֽי׃ 11: מִ֣י יֹ֭בִלֵנִי עִ֣יר מָצ֑וֹר מִ֖י נָחַ֣נִי עַד־ אֱדֽוֹם׃ 12: הֲלֹֽא־ אַתָּ֣ה אֱלֹהִ֣ים זְנַחְתָּ֑נוּ וְֽלֹא־ תֵצֵ֥א אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים בְּצִבְאוֹתֵֽינוּ׃ 13: הָֽבָה־ לָּ֣נוּ עֶזְרָ֣ת מִצָּ֑ר וְ֝שָׁ֗וְא תְּשׁוּעַ֥ת אָדָם׃ 14: בֵּֽאלֹהִ֥ים נַעֲשֶׂה־ חָ֑יִל וְ֝ה֗וּא יָב֥וּס צָרֵֽינוּ׃

Imagery Outline of Psalm 60

Scene 1: Plea for Help in the Midst of Defeat

"You have rejected us, God, and burst upon us; you have been angry—now restore us! You have shaken the land and torn it open; mend its fractures, for it is quaking." - Psalm 60:1-2 (NIV)

  • Scene:
    • The psalmist is expressing their distress and acknowledging that God has rejected and been angry with them.
    • The land is described as being shaken and torn open, possibly indicating the aftermath of a battle or a natural disaster.
  • Imagery:
    • Rejection and anger from God
    • Shaken and fractured land

Scene 2: God's Promised Land

"You have shown your people desperate times; you have given us wine that makes us stagger. But for those who fear you, you have raised a banner to be unfurled against the bow." - Psalm 60:3-4 (NIV)

  • Scene:
    • The psalmist acknowledges that God has allowed difficult times for His people, causing them to stagger like they have been given intoxicating wine.
    • However, for those who fear God, He has raised a banner or a standard of protection against their enemies.
  • Imagery:
    • Desperate times leading to staggering
    • Intoxicating wine
    • The raising of a banner

Scene 3: Restoration and Victory

"Save us and help us with your right hand, that those you love may be delivered. God has spoken from his sanctuary: 'In triumph I will parcel out Shechem and measure off the Valley of Sukkoth.'" - Psalm 60:5-6 (NIV)

  • Scene:
    • The psalmist appeals to God for salvation and assistance, asking for His right hand, which symbolizes strength and power.
    • God is said to have spoken from his sanctuary, indicating a divine decree or promise.
    • The psalmist declares that God will triumph and distribute land, mentioning Shechem and the Valley of Sukkoth.
  • Imagery:
    • God's right hand as a sign of strength and help
    • God's sanctuary as a place of divine communication
    • Triumph and distribution of land

Scene 4: Ephraim and Judah as God's Instruments

"Gilead is mine, and Manasseh is mine; Ephraim is my helmet, Judah is my scepter. Moab is my washbasin, on Edom I toss my sandal; over Philistia I shout in triumph." - Psalm 60:7-8 (NIV)

  • Scene:
    • God claims ownership of Gilead and Manasseh, as well as seeing Ephraim as His helmet and Judah as His scepter.
    • The neighboring nations of Moab, Edom, and Philistia are depicted as submissive under God's dominion.
  • Imagery:
    • Ownership of Gilead and Manasseh
    • Ephraim as a helmet
    • Judah as a scepter
    • Moab as a washbasin
    • Edom as a sandal
    • Triumph over Philistia

Scene 5: God's Help in Battle

"Who will bring me to the fortified city? Who will lead me to Edom? Is it not you, God, you who have now rejected us and no longer go out with our armies?" - Psalm 60:9-10 (NIV)

  • Scene:
    • The psalmist questions who will lead them to victory over the fortified city of Edom.
    • They acknowledge that God has seemingly rejected them and does not go out with their armies as before.
  • Imagery:
    • The need for guidance to the fortified city
    • God's apparent rejection and absence with the armies

Scene 6: Dependence on God's Help

"Give us aid against the enemy, for human help is worthless. With God we will gain the victory, and he will trample down our enemies." - Psalm 60:11-12 (NIV)

  • Scene:
    • The psalmist appeals to God for assistance against the enemy, recognizing that human help is insufficient.
    • They express confidence in God's power to grant victory and crush their enemies.
  • Imagery:
    • Assistance against the enemy
    • Human help being worthless
    • Gaining victory with God's help

Summary

The scenes in this Psalm depict the distress of the psalmist who pleads for restoration and deliverance in the midst of defeat. Various images are used to convey the eudaimonic significance to a believer. These images include the imagery of rejection and anger from God, the restoration of the land, the raising of a banner for protection, the Triumph and distribution of land, God's ownership of various territories, the dependence on God's help, and the ultimate victory over enemies with God's assistance. Through these rich images, the psalmist highlights the importance of trusting in God alone and finding hope in His power to overcome obstacles and bring ultimate triumph.