This repository aims at storing the materials for a meta analysis of Zipf's law for cities in the literature, available interactively: https://clementinegeo.shinyapps.io/MetaZipf and presented in a published article: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0183919. The application itself aims at presenting a dynamic and open meta review of Zipf's law, based on a large scale interactive review of urban literature. It allows interactive queries into a pool of empirical papers formatted in a comparable way. It provides a summary of the numeric, spatial and temporal distribution of alpha found in this vast literature. It provides a static and dynamic meta analysis of Zipf's law and its evolution over time. It disentangles the statistical effects of the regression specification, of fixed study effects, of characteristics of territories and their evolution, as well as of historical events and public policies.
# data/meta_zipf.csv
This table reviews and describes empirical estimations of zipf's law for cities taken from the literature, along with the specifications of the regressions and the significance of results.
# data/meta_refs.csv
This table reviews and describes the references from which empirical estimations are collected.
- Alperovich, G. (1989). The distribution of city size: A sensitivity analysis. Journal of Urban Economics, 25(1), 93?102.
- Amalraj, V. C., & Subbarayan, A. (2014). Zipf?s Law and Urban Dynamics in an Indian State: Kerala (1951-2001). Journal of Applied Sciences, 14(24), 3604.
- Anderson, G., & Ge, Y. (2005). The size distribution of Chinese cities. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 35(6), 756?776. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2005.01.003
- Aragón, J. A. O., & Queiroz, V. dos S. (2014). The Zipf?s law and the effects of free trade: The case of Guatemala. EconomiA, 15(1), 82?99. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.econ.2014.03.007
- Arribas-Bel, D., Gracia, F. S., & Ximénez-de-Embún, D. (2012). Kangaroos, cities and space: a first approach to the australian urban system. Region et Developpement, 36, 165?187.
- Batty, M. (2001). Polynucleated urban landscapes. Urban Studies, 38(4), 635?655.
- Benguigui, L., & Blumenfeld-Lieberthal, E. (2007). Beyond the power law ? a new approach to analyze city size distributions. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 31(6), 648?666. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2006.11.002
- Berry, B. J., & Okulicz-Kozaryn, A. (2012). The city size distribution debate: Resolution for US urban regions and megalopolitan areas. Cities, 29, S17?S23.
- Black, D., & Henderson, V. (2003). Urban evolution in the USA. Journal of Economic Geography, 3(4), 343?372.
- Bosker, M., Brakman, S., Garretsen, H., & Schramm, M. (2008). A century of shocks: The evolution of the German city size distribution 1925?1999. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 38(4), 330?347. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2008.04.002
- Brakman, S., Garretsen, H., Van Marrewijk, C., & Van Den Berg, M. (1999). The return of Zipf: towards a further understanding of the rank-size distribution. Journal of Regional Science, 39(1), 183?213.
- Bretagnolle, A., Delisle, F., Mathian, H., & Vatin, G. (2015). Urbanization of the United States over two centuries: an approach based on a long-term database (1790?2010). International Journal of Geographical Information Science, (ahead-of-print), 1?18.
- Bretagnolle, A., Giraud, T., & Mathian, H. (2008). La mesure de l?urbanisation aux Etats-Unis, des premiers comptoirs coloniaux aux Metropolitan Areas (1790-2000). Cybergeo?: European Journal of Geography. http://doi.org/10.4000/cybergeo.19683
- Bretagnolle, A., Mathian, H., Pumain, D., & Rozenblat, C. (2000). Long-term dynamics of European towns and cities?: towards a spatial model of urban growth. Cybergeo?: European Journal of Geography. http://doi.org/10.4000/cybergeo.566
- Cameron, T. A. (1990). One-stage structural models to explain city size. Journal of Urban Economics, 27(3), 294?307.
- Catin, M., Cuenca, C., Kamal, A., & others. (2008). L?Évolution De La Structure Et De La Primatie Urbaines Au Maroc. Région et Développement, 27, 215?223.
- Cottineau, C. (2014). L?évolution des villes dans l?espace post-soviétique, Observation et modélisations. Université Paris 1 ? Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1348299
- Crampton, G. (2005). The Rank-Size Rule in Europe-testing Zipf's law using European data.
- Delgado, A. P., & Godinho, I. M. (2004). The evolution of city size distribution in Portugal: 1864-2001. Retrieved from http://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/117123
- Deliktas, E., Önder, A. Ö., & Karadag, M. (2013). The size distribution of cities and determinants of city growth in Turkey. European Planning Studies, 21(2), 251?263.
- Deurloo, M. C. (1972). De wet der urbane concentratie. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie, 63(5), 306?314.
- Dimou, M., & Schaffar, A. (2009). Urban hierarchies and city growth in the Balkans. Urban Studies. Retrieved from http://usj.sagepub.com/content/early/2009/09/04/0042098009344993.short
- Dobkins, L. H., Ioannides, Y. M., & others. (2000). Dynamic evolution of the US city size distribution. The Economics of Cities, 217?260.
- Eeckhout, J. (2004). Gibrat?s Law for (All) Cities. The American Economic Review, 94(5), 1429?1451.
- Ettlinger, N., & Archer, J. C. (1987). City-size distributions and the world urban system in the twentieth century. Environment and Planning A, 19(9), 1161?1174.
- Ezzahid, E., & ElHamdani, O. (2015). Zipf?s Law in the Case of Moroccan Cities. Review of Urban & Regional Development Studies, 27(2), 118?133. http://doi.org/10.1111/rurd.12036
- Fazio, G., & Modica, M. (2015). Pareto or Log-Normal? Best Fit and Truncation in the Distribution of All Cities*. Journal of Regional Science, 55(5), 736?756. http://doi.org/10.1111/jors.12205
- Gabaix, X. (1999). Zipf?s law for cities: an explanation. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 739?767.
- Gan, L., Li, D., & Song, S. (2006). Is the Zipf law spurious in explaining city-size distributions? Economics Letters, 92(2), 256?262. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2006.03.004
- Gangopadhyay, K., & Basu, B. (2013). Evolution of Zipf?s Law for Indian Urban Agglomerations Vis-à-Vis Chinese Urban Agglomerations. In F. Abergel, B. K. Chakrabarti, A. Chakraborti, & A. Ghosh (Eds.), Econophysics of Systemic Risk and Network Dynamics (pp. 119?129). Springer Milan. Retrieved from http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-88-470-2553-0_8
- Giesen, K., & Südekum, J. (2010). Zipf?s law for cities in the regions and the country. Journal of Economic Geography, lbq019.
- González-Val, R. (2010). The Evolution of U.s. City Size Distribution from a Long-Term Perspective (1900?2000)*. Journal of Regional Science, 50(5), 952?972. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9787.2010.00685.x
- Guérin-Pace, F. (1995). Rank-size distribution and the process of urban growth. Urban Studies, 32(3), 551?562.
- Gulden, T. R., & Hammond, R. A. (2012). Beyond Zipf: An agent-based understanding of city size distributions. In Agent-based models of geographical systems (pp. 677?704). Springer. Retrieved from http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-90-481-8927-4_34
- Holmes, T. J., & Lee, S. (2010). Cities as Six-by-Six-Mile Squares: Zipf?s Law? NBER, 105?131.
- Hongying, G., & Kangping, W. (2008). Zipf?s law and influential factors of the Pareto exponent of the city size distribution: Evidence from China. Frontiers of Economics in China, 3(1), 137?149.
- Ignazzi, C.A., 2015, Coevolution in the Brazilian system of cities, thèse de Doctorat, Université Paris 1, Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris, France.
- Iyer, S. D. (2003). Increasing Unevenness in the Distribution of City Sizes in Post-Soviet Russia. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 44(5), 348?367. http://doi.org/10.2747/1538-7216.44.5.348
- Kamecke, U. (1990). Testing the rank size rule hypothesis with an efficient estimator. Journal of Urban Economics, 27(2), 222?231.
- Knudsen, T. (2001). Zipf?s law for cities and beyond: The case of Denmark. American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 60(1), 123?146.
- Krakover, S. (1998). Testing the turning-point hypothesis in city-size distribution: the Israeli situation re-examined. Urban Studies, 35(12), 2183?2196.
- Krugman, P. (1996). Confronting the mystery of urban hierarchy. Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, 10(4), 399?418.
- Kumar, G., & Subbarayan, A. (2014). The temporal dynamics of regional city size distribution: Andhra Pradesh (1951-2001). Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, 10(2), 221.
- Le Gallo, J., & Chasco, C. (2008). Spatial analysis of urban growth in Spain, 1900?2001. Empirical Economics, 34(1), 59?80.
- Lepetit, B. (1990). Patterns of settlement and political changes: The French Revolution and the National Urban Hierarchy. In A. van der Woulde, A. Hayami, & J. de Vries, Urbanization in History (Clarendon Press). Oxford.
- Lotka, A. J. (1925). Elements of physical biology (William & Wilkins). Baltimore. Retrieved from http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201300526822
- Luckstead, J., & Devadoss, S. (2014). A comparison of city size distributions for China and India from 1950 to 2010. Economics Letters, 124(2), 290?295. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2014.06.002
- Malecki, E. J. (1980). Growth and change in the analysis of rank-size distributions: empirical findings. Environment and Planning A, 12(1), 41?52.
- Mills, E. S., Becker, C. M., & Verma, S. (1986). Studies in Indian urban development. Oxford University Press. Retrieved from https://books.google.fr/books?hl=fr&lr=&id=btVZV3qvwFwC&oi=fnd&pg=PP227&dq=mills+becker+studies+in+indian+urban+development&ots=2swEsNh5Xk&sig=E-72ZjhD-EYjE6A0GZwVKbA8Lrs
- Mirucki, J. (1986). Planned Economic Development and Loglinearity in the Rank-Size Distribution of Urban Systems: The Soviet Experience. Urban Studies, 23(2), 151?156.
- Modica, M., Reggiani, A., & Nijkamp, P. (2015). A Comparative Analysis of Gibrat?s and Zipf?s Law on Urban Population. http://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2611960
- Moore, F. T. (1959). A note on city size distributions. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 7(4), 465?466.
- Moriconi-Ebrard, F. (1993). L?urbanisation du monde: depuis 1950. Economica.
- Moro, S., & Santos, R. (2013). The characteristics and evolution of the Brazilian spatial urban system: empirical evidences for the long-run, 1970-2010 (Textos para Discussão Cedeplar-UFMG No. 474). Cedeplar, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Retrieved from http://econpapers.repec.org/paper/cdptexdis/td474.htm
- Morudu, H., & Plessis, D. du. (2013). Economic and demographic trends of municipalities in South Africa: An application of Zipf?s rule. Town and Regional Planning, 63(1), 24?36.
- Naudé, W. A., & Krugell, W. F. (2003). An Inquiry into Cities and their Role in Subnational Economic Growth in South Africa. Journal of African Economies, 12(4), 476?499. http://doi.org/10.1093/jae/12.4.476
- Nishiyama, Y., Osada, S., & Sato, Y. (2008). OLS estimation and the t test revisited in rank-size rule regression. Journal of Regional Science, 48(4), 691?716.
- Okabe, A. (1979). An expected rank-size rule: A theoretical relationship between the rank size rule and city size distributions. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 9(1), 21?40.
- Parr, J. B. (1985). A note on the size distribution of cities over time. Journal of Urban Economics, 18(2), 199?212.
- Parr, J. B., & Jones, C. (1983). City size distributions and urban density functions: some interrelationships. Journal of Regional Science, 23(3), 283?307.
- Paulus, F. (2004). Coévolution dans les systèmes de villes: croissance et spécialisation des aires urbaines françaises de 1950 à 2000. Université Panthéon-Sorbonne-Paris I. Retrieved from https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008053/
- Popov, V. R. (1974). Investigation of the System of Urban Places of Crimea Oblast. Soviet Geography, 15(1), 19?23.
- Pumain, D., Swerts, E., Cottineau, C., Vacchiani-Marcuzzo, C., Ignazzi, A., Bretagnolle, A., ? Baffi, S. (2015). Multilevel comparison of large urban systems. Cybergeo?: European Journal of Geography. http://doi.org/10.4000/cybergeo.26730
- Rosen, K. T., & Resnick, M. (1980). The size distribution of cities: an examination of the Pareto law and primacy. Journal of Urban Economics, 8(2), 165?186.
- Rozenfeld, H. D., Rybski, D., Gabaix, X., & Makse, H. A. (2011). The Area and Population of Cities: New Insights from a Different Perspective on Cities. American Economic Review, 101(5), 2205?2225. http://doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.5.2205
- Schaffar, A., & Dimou, M. (2012). Rank-size city dynamics in China and India, 1981?2004. Regional Studies, 46(6), 707?721.
- Schaffar, A., & Nassori, D. (2016). La croissance urbaine marocaine?: convergence vs concentration. Revue économique, 67(2), 207?226.
- Shepotylo, O. (2012). Cities in transition. Comparative Economic Studies, 54(3), 661?688.
- Singer, H. W. (1936). The? courbe des populations.? A parallel to Pareto?s Law. The Economic Journal, 254?263.
- Song, S., & Zhang, K. H. (2002). Urbanisation and city size distribution in China. Urban Studies, 39(12), 2317?2327.
- Soo, K. T. (2005). Zipf?s Law for cities: a cross-country investigation. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 35(3), 239?263.
- Soo, K. T. (2007). Zipf?s Law and urban growth in Malaysia. Urban Studies, 44(1), 1?14.
- Suarez-Villa, L. (1980). Rank size distribution, city size hierarchies and the Beckmann model: some empirical results. Journal of Regional Science, 20(1), 91?95.
- Subbarayan, A., Kumar, G., & Amalraj, V. C. (2011). The temporal and spatial dynamics of regional city-size distribution: Tamilnadu (1951-2001). Int. J. Agric. Stat. Sci, 7, 535?554.
- Swerts, E. (2013). Les Systèmes de Villes en Inde et en Chine. Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/s90230
- Vacchiani-Marcuzzo, C. (2005). Mondialisation et système de villes: les entreprises étrangères et l?évolution des agglomérations sud-africaines. Université Panthéon-Sorbonne-Paris I. Retrieved from https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011351/
- Veneri, P., & others. (2013). On city size distribution: evidence from OECD functional urban areas. Oecd Publishing. Retrieved from http://ideas.repec.org/p/oec/govaab/2013-27-en.html
- Ward, B. (1963). City structure and interdependence. In Papers of the Regional Science Association (Vol. 10, pp. 207?221). Springer. Retrieved from http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01934688
- Xu, Z., & Zhu, N. (2009). City size distribution in China: are large cities dominant? Urban Studies, 46(10), 2159?2185.
- Your. (2003). Alaniz izmenenii v yerarhii gorodov Rossii s ispolzovanyem pravila rang-razmer. In D. Eckert & V. Kolossov, Krupnye goroda y vyzovy urbanizaciya (Institut Geog. RAN, pp. 72?80). Moscow.
- Ziqin, W. (2016). Zipf Law Analysis of Urban Scale in China. Asian Journal of Social Science Studies, 1(1), 53.
Allen1954 : no access to the journal volume,
Lasuen1967 : no access to the journal volume,
Lagopoulos : no access to the journal volume,
deVries1984 : no access to the book,
Eaton/Eckstein1997 : the regressions of the paper are multi criteria and not comparable to the ones reported here,
davis/Weinstein2002: the regression is performed on population density and not comparable to the ones reported here.