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Appendix

Find metrics with Prometheus (PromQL)

Now we saw that there are already two ways to get a function's invocation count:

  • You can click on the function in the Portal UI
  • You can also type in faas-cli list

The third option is to use the Prometheus UI which is baked-in as part of the OpenFaaS project.

http://127.0.0.1:9090 - if you are using a remote server replace 127.0.0.1 for your public IP address

Into "Expression" type:

rate ( gateway_function_invocation_total [20s] ) 

Now hit Execute followed by Graph. This will give you a rolling rate of how many times each function is being invoked.

Prometheus is constantly recording this information - you can even see a break-down by HTTP response code which is useful for detecting failure or errors within one of your functions.

Type in:

$ echo test | faas-cli invoke non-existing-function

Now give it a few seconds and check what you see on the UI. There should be a HTTP error code for the function name non-existing-function.

To only see statistics from HTTP 200 type in:

rate ( gateway_function_invocation_total{code="200"} [20s] ) 

To only see a specific function such as figlet type in:

rate ( gateway_function_invocation_total{function_name="figlet"} [20s] ) 

The Director pattern (for function chaining)

The Director pattern as documented here is where one function the director exists only to call another function and return the result. It is a mixture of the two techniques we explored in Lab 6.

In the diagram above the director function named "RSS Feed to MP3" creates a workflow by calling two functions on the server-side and then returning the result. The advantage of using a director function is that this function can be versioned, built and deployed in exactly the same way as the functions it makes use of.

The URL passes through the director to the "Get RSS feed" function, the result (a parsed RSS feed) would be fed into the "Text-To-Speech" function resulting in an MP3 file as an output.