From 3446b4d56675633376b1243dadb03400081f90e6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 17:09:16 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 01/19] Effect.provide(managedRuntime)

---
 packages/effect/src/Effect.ts                 |  8 +++++
 packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts         | 18 ++++++++++
 packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts         | 34 +++++++++++++++----
 .../effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts     | 13 +++++--
 4 files changed, 63 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/effect/src/Effect.ts b/packages/effect/src/Effect.ts
index ca890bbb2d..2a2f95508b 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/Effect.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/Effect.ts
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import * as _runtime from "./internal/runtime.js"
 import * as _schedule from "./internal/schedule.js"
 import type * as Layer from "./Layer.js"
 import type { LogLevel } from "./LogLevel.js"
+import type * as ManagedRuntime from "./ManagedRuntime.js"
 import type * as Metric from "./Metric.js"
 import type * as MetricLabel from "./MetricLabel.js"
 import type * as Option from "./Option.js"
@@ -3330,12 +3331,19 @@ export const provide: {
   ): <A, E, R>(self: Effect<A, E, R>) => Effect<A, E2 | E, RIn | Exclude<R, ROut>>
   <R2>(context: Context.Context<R2>): <A, E, R>(self: Effect<A, E, R>) => Effect<A, E, Exclude<R, R2>>
   <R2>(runtime: Runtime.Runtime<R2>): <A, E, R>(self: Effect<A, E, R>) => Effect<A, E, Exclude<R, R2>>
+  <E2, R2>(
+    managedRuntime: ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<R2, E2>
+  ): <A, E, R>(self: Effect<A, E, R>) => Effect<A, E | E2, Exclude<R, R2>>
   <A, E, R, ROut, E2, RIn>(
     self: Effect<A, E, R>,
     layer: Layer.Layer<ROut, E2, RIn>
   ): Effect<A, E | E2, RIn | Exclude<R, ROut>>
   <A, E, R, R2>(self: Effect<A, E, R>, context: Context.Context<R2>): Effect<A, E, Exclude<R, R2>>
   <A, E, R, R2>(self: Effect<A, E, R>, runtime: Runtime.Runtime<R2>): Effect<A, E, Exclude<R, R2>>
+  <A, E, E2, R, R2>(
+    self: Effect<A, E, R>,
+    runtime: ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<R2, E2>
+  ): Effect<A, E | E2, Exclude<R, R2>>
 } = layer.effect_provide
 
 /**
diff --git a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
index d66b50dbd9..9b664d904f 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
@@ -133,3 +133,21 @@ export const make: <R, E>(
   layer: Layer.Layer<R, E, never>,
   memoMap?: Layer.MemoMap | undefined
 ) => ManagedRuntime<R, E> = internal.make
+
+const TypeId: unique symbol = internal.TypeId as TypeId
+
+/**
+ * @since 2.0.0
+ * @category symbol
+ */
+export type TypeId = typeof TypeId
+
+/**
+ * Checks if the provided argument is a `ManagedRuntime`.
+ *
+ * @param input - The value to be checked if it is a `ManagedRuntime`.
+
+ * @since 2.0.0
+ * @category guards
+ */
+export const isManagedRuntime: (input: unknown) => input is ManagedRuntime<unknown, unknown> = internal.isManagedRuntime
diff --git a/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts b/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts
index ca60bd5414..b14a6abbac 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import type { LazyArg } from "../Function.js"
 import { dual, pipe } from "../Function.js"
 import * as HashMap from "../HashMap.js"
 import type * as Layer from "../Layer.js"
+import * as ManagedRuntime from "../ManagedRuntime.js"
 import { pipeArguments } from "../Pipeable.js"
 import { hasProperty } from "../Predicate.js"
 import type * as Runtime from "../Runtime.js"
@@ -1300,6 +1301,9 @@ export const effect_provide = dual<
     <R2>(
       runtime: Runtime.Runtime<R2>
     ): <A, E, R>(self: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>) => Effect.Effect<A, E, Exclude<R, R2>>
+    <E2, R2>(
+      managedRuntime: ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<R2, E2>
+    ): <A, E, R>(self: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>) => Effect.Effect<A, E | E2, Exclude<R, R2>>
   },
   {
     <A, E, R, ROut, E2, RIn>(
@@ -1314,16 +1318,32 @@ export const effect_provide = dual<
       self: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>,
       runtime: Runtime.Runtime<R2>
     ): Effect.Effect<A, E, Exclude<R, R2>>
+    <A, E, E2, R, R2>(
+      self: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>,
+      managedRuntime: ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<R2, E2>
+    ): Effect.Effect<A, E | E2, Exclude<R, R2>>
   }
 >(
   2,
   <A, E, R, ROut>(
     self: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>,
-    source: Layer.Layer<ROut, any, any> | Context.Context<ROut> | Runtime.Runtime<ROut>
-  ): Effect.Effect<any, any, Exclude<R, ROut>> =>
-    isLayer(source)
-      ? provideSomeLayer(self, source as Layer.Layer<ROut, any, any>)
-      : Context.isContext(source)
-      ? core.provideSomeContext(self, source)
-      : provideSomeRuntime(self, source as Runtime.Runtime<ROut>)
+    source:
+      | Layer.Layer<ROut, any, any>
+      | Context.Context<ROut>
+      | Runtime.Runtime<ROut>
+      | ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<ROut, any>
+  ): Effect.Effect<any, any, Exclude<R, ROut>> => {
+    if (isLayer(source)) {
+      return provideSomeLayer(self, source as Layer.Layer<ROut, any, any>)
+    } else if (Context.isContext(source)) {
+      return core.provideSomeContext(self, source)
+    } else if (ManagedRuntime.isManagedRuntime(source)) {
+      return core.flatMap(
+        (source as ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<ROut, any>).runtimeEffect,
+        (rt) => provideSomeRuntime(self, rt)
+      )
+    } else {
+      return provideSomeRuntime(self, source as Runtime.Runtime<ROut>)
+    }
+  }
 )
diff --git a/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts b/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
index a647fabc57..262844ca86 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@ import type * as Effect from "../Effect.js"
 import type { Exit } from "../Exit.js"
 import type * as Fiber from "../Fiber.js"
 import type * as Layer from "../Layer.js"
-import type { ManagedRuntime } from "../ManagedRuntime.js"
+import type * as M from "../ManagedRuntime.js"
 import { pipeArguments } from "../Pipeable.js"
+import { hasProperty } from "../Predicate.js"
 import type * as Runtime from "../Runtime.js"
 import * as Scope from "../Scope.js"
 import * as effect from "./core-effect.js"
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ import * as fiberRuntime from "./fiberRuntime.js"
 import * as internalLayer from "./layer.js"
 import * as internalRuntime from "./runtime.js"
 
-interface ManagedRuntimeImpl<R, E> extends ManagedRuntime<R, E> {
+interface ManagedRuntimeImpl<R, E> extends M.ManagedRuntime<R, E> {
   readonly scope: Scope.CloseableScope
   cachedRuntime: Runtime.Runtime<R> | undefined
 }
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ function provide<R, ER, A, E>(
 export const make = <R, ER>(
   layer: Layer.Layer<R, ER, never>,
   memoMap?: Layer.MemoMap
-): ManagedRuntime<R, ER> => {
+): M.ManagedRuntime<R, ER> => {
   memoMap = memoMap ?? internalLayer.unsafeMakeMemoMap()
   const scope = internalRuntime.unsafeRunSyncEffect(fiberRuntime.scopeMake())
   const self: ManagedRuntimeImpl<R, ER> = {
@@ -113,3 +114,9 @@ export const make = <R, ER>(
   }
   return self
 }
+
+/** @internal */
+export const TypeId: M.TypeId = Symbol.for("effect/ManagedRuntime") as M.TypeId
+
+/** @internal */
+export const isManagedRuntime = (u: unknown): u is M.ManagedRuntime<unknown, unknown> => hasProperty(u, TypeId)

From ac5b693789da206db11e56af32a8177370d19c33 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 12:12:54 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 02/19] Create smart-fishes-sit.md

---
 .changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md | 5 +++++
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 .changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md

diff --git a/.changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md b/.changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a39b6dec0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"effect": patch
+---
+
+Effect.provide(managedRuntime)

From 720031f5de727705936640c16cf2c76aa08f64a1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 19:42:16 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 03/19] make managedRuntime subtype of effect

---
 packages/effect/dtslint/Unify.ts              | 11 ++-
 packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts         | 77 ++++++++++++++-----
 .../effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts     | 54 ++++++++-----
 3 files changed, 102 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/effect/dtslint/Unify.ts b/packages/effect/dtslint/Unify.ts
index 734093ffe3..ffb64018c5 100644
--- a/packages/effect/dtslint/Unify.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/dtslint/Unify.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import * as Either from "effect/Either"
 import type * as Exit from "effect/Exit"
 import type * as Fiber from "effect/Fiber"
 import type * as FiberRef from "effect/FiberRef"
+import type * as ManagedRuntime from "effect/ManagedRuntime"
 import type * as Micro from "effect/Micro"
 import type * as Option from "effect/Option"
 import type * as Queue from "effect/Queue"
@@ -125,7 +126,13 @@ export type ResourceUnify = Unify.Unify<
   | Resource.Resource<any, any>
 >
 
-// $ExpectType 0 | Option<string | number> | Ref<1> | SynchronizedRef<1> | SubscriptionRef<1> | Deferred<1, 2> | Deferred<"a", "b"> | Fiber<"a" | 1, "b" | 2> | RuntimeFiber<"a" | 1, "b" | 2> | Queue<1> | Queue<"a"> | Dequeue<"a" | 1> | ScopedRef<1> | ScopedRef<"a"> | Resource<1, 2> | Ref<"A"> | SynchronizedRef<"A"> | SubscriptionRef<"A"> | FiberRef<12> | FiberRef<"a2"> | Resource<"a", never> | Latch | Either<1 | "A", 0 | "E"> | Effect<1 | "A", 0 | "E", "R" | "R1"> | RcRef<1 | "A", 0 | "E">
+// $ExpectType ManagedRuntime<1, 2> | ManagedRuntime<"a", "b">
+export type ManagedRuntimeUnify = Unify.Unify<
+  | ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<1, 2>
+  | ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<"a", "b">
+>
+
+// $ExpectType 0 | Option<string | number> | Ref<1> | SynchronizedRef<1> | SubscriptionRef<1> | Deferred<1, 2> | Deferred<"a", "b"> | Fiber<"a" | 1, "b" | 2> | RuntimeFiber<"a" | 1, "b" | 2> | Queue<1> | Queue<"a"> | Dequeue<"a" | 1> | ScopedRef<1> | ScopedRef<"a"> | Resource<1, 2> | ManagedRuntime<1, 2> | ManagedRuntime<"a", "b"> | Ref<"A"> | SynchronizedRef<"A"> | SubscriptionRef<"A"> | FiberRef<12> | FiberRef<"a2"> | Resource<"a", never> | Latch | Either<1 | "A", 0 | "E"> | Effect<1 | "A", 0 | "E", "R" | "R1"> | RcRef<1 | "A", 0 | "E">
 export type AllUnify = Unify.Unify<
   | Either.Either<1, 0>
   | Either.Either<"A", "E">
@@ -158,5 +165,7 @@ export type AllUnify = Unify.Unify<
   | Resource.Resource<1, 2>
   | Resource.Resource<"a">
   | Effect.Latch
+  | ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<1, 2>
+  | ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<"a", "b">
   | 0
 >
diff --git a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
index 9b664d904f..dc3caa202b 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
@@ -2,12 +2,33 @@
  * @since 2.0.0
  */
 import type * as Effect from "./Effect.js"
+import type * as effectable from "./Effectable.js"
 import type * as Exit from "./Exit.js"
 import type * as Fiber from "./Fiber.js"
 import * as internal from "./internal/managedRuntime.js"
 import type * as Layer from "./Layer.js"
 import type { Pipeable } from "./Pipeable.js"
 import type * as Runtime from "./Runtime.js"
+import type * as Types from "./Types.js"
+import type * as Unify from "./Unify.js"
+
+const TypeId: unique symbol = internal.TypeId as TypeId
+
+/**
+ * @since 2.0.0
+ * @category symbol
+ */
+export type TypeId = typeof TypeId
+
+/**
+ * Checks if the provided argument is a `ManagedRuntime`.
+ *
+ * @param input - The value to be checked if it is a `ManagedRuntime`.
+
+ * @since 2.0.0
+ * @category guards
+ */
+export const isManagedRuntime: (input: unknown) => input is ManagedRuntime<unknown, unknown> = internal.isManagedRuntime
 
 /**
  * @since 3.4.0
@@ -23,13 +44,29 @@ export declare namespace ManagedRuntime {
    * @since 3.4.0
    */
   export type Error<T extends ManagedRuntime<any, any>> = [T] extends [ManagedRuntime<infer _R, infer E>] ? E : never
+  /**
+   * @since 2.0.0
+   * @category models
+   */
+  export interface Variance<in out R, in out ER> {
+    readonly [TypeId]: {
+      _R: Types.Invariant<R>
+      _ER: Types.Invariant<ER>
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 /**
  * @since 2.0.0
  * @category models
  */
-export interface ManagedRuntime<in R, out ER> extends Pipeable {
+export interface ManagedRuntime<in out R, in out ER>
+  extends
+    Effect.Effect<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER, never>,
+    effectable.Class<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER, never>,
+    ManagedRuntime.Variance<R, ER>,
+    Pipeable
+{
   readonly memoMap: Layer.MemoMap
   readonly runtimeEffect: Effect.Effect<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER>
   readonly runtime: () => Promise<Runtime.Runtime<R>>
@@ -103,6 +140,26 @@ export interface ManagedRuntime<in R, out ER> extends Pipeable {
    * Dispose of the resources associated with the runtime.
    */
   readonly disposeEffect: Effect.Effect<void, never, never>
+
+  readonly [Unify.typeSymbol]?: unknown
+  readonly [Unify.unifySymbol]?: ManagedRuntimeUnify<this>
+  readonly [Unify.ignoreSymbol]?: ManagedRuntimeUnifyIgnore
+}
+
+/**
+ * @category models
+ * @since 3.8.0
+ */
+export interface ManagedRuntimeUnify<A extends { [Unify.typeSymbol]?: any }> extends Effect.EffectUnify<A> {
+  ManagedRuntime?: () => Extract<A[Unify.typeSymbol], ManagedRuntime<any, any>>
+}
+
+/**
+ * @category models
+ * @since 3.8.0
+ */
+export interface ManagedRuntimeUnifyIgnore extends Effect.EffectUnifyIgnore {
+  Effect?: true
 }
 
 /**
@@ -133,21 +190,3 @@ export const make: <R, E>(
   layer: Layer.Layer<R, E, never>,
   memoMap?: Layer.MemoMap | undefined
 ) => ManagedRuntime<R, E> = internal.make
-
-const TypeId: unique symbol = internal.TypeId as TypeId
-
-/**
- * @since 2.0.0
- * @category symbol
- */
-export type TypeId = typeof TypeId
-
-/**
- * Checks if the provided argument is a `ManagedRuntime`.
- *
- * @param input - The value to be checked if it is a `ManagedRuntime`.
-
- * @since 2.0.0
- * @category guards
- */
-export const isManagedRuntime: (input: unknown) => input is ManagedRuntime<unknown, unknown> = internal.isManagedRuntime
diff --git a/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts b/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
index 262844ca86..23de9bcb79 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import type * as Effect from "../Effect.js"
+import * as Effectable from "../Effectable.js"
 import type { Exit } from "../Exit.js"
 import type * as Fiber from "../Fiber.js"
 import type * as Layer from "../Layer.js"
@@ -18,6 +19,19 @@ interface ManagedRuntimeImpl<R, E> extends M.ManagedRuntime<R, E> {
   cachedRuntime: Runtime.Runtime<R> | undefined
 }
 
+/** @internal */
+export const TypeId: M.TypeId = Symbol.for("effect/ManagedRuntime") as M.TypeId
+
+/** @internal */
+export const isManagedRuntime = (u: unknown): u is M.ManagedRuntime<unknown, unknown> => hasProperty(u, TypeId)
+
+const managedRuntimeVariance = {
+  /* c8 ignore next */
+  _R: (_: any) => _,
+  /* c8 ignore next */
+  _ER: (_: any) => _
+}
+
 function provide<R, ER, A, E>(
   managed: ManagedRuntimeImpl<R, ER>,
   effect: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>
@@ -40,27 +54,33 @@ export const make = <R, ER>(
 ): M.ManagedRuntime<R, ER> => {
   memoMap = memoMap ?? internalLayer.unsafeMakeMemoMap()
   const scope = internalRuntime.unsafeRunSyncEffect(fiberRuntime.scopeMake())
+  const runtimeEffect = internalRuntime
+    .unsafeRunSyncEffect(
+      effect.memoize(
+        core.tap(
+          Scope.extend(
+            internalLayer.toRuntimeWithMemoMap(layer, memoMap),
+            scope
+          ),
+          (rt) => {
+            self.cachedRuntime = rt
+          }
+        )
+      )
+    )
   const self: ManagedRuntimeImpl<R, ER> = {
+    ...Effectable.CommitPrototype,
+    [TypeId]: managedRuntimeVariance,
     memoMap,
     scope,
-    runtimeEffect: internalRuntime
-      .unsafeRunSyncEffect(
-        effect.memoize(
-          core.tap(
-            Scope.extend(
-              internalLayer.toRuntimeWithMemoMap(layer, memoMap),
-              scope
-            ),
-            (rt) => {
-              self.cachedRuntime = rt
-            }
-          )
-        )
-      ),
+    runtimeEffect,
     cachedRuntime: undefined,
     pipe() {
       return pipeArguments(this, arguments)
     },
+    commit() {
+      return runtimeEffect
+    },
     runtime() {
       return self.cachedRuntime === undefined ?
         internalRuntime.unsafeRunPromiseEffect(self.runtimeEffect) :
@@ -114,9 +134,3 @@ export const make = <R, ER>(
   }
   return self
 }
-
-/** @internal */
-export const TypeId: M.TypeId = Symbol.for("effect/ManagedRuntime") as M.TypeId
-
-/** @internal */
-export const isManagedRuntime = (u: unknown): u is M.ManagedRuntime<unknown, unknown> => hasProperty(u, TypeId)

From 45fb7482280ab09be103409fa149f7a2a96252e5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 14:46:28 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 04/19] Update smart-fishes-sit.md

---
 .changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md b/.changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md
index a39b6dec0f..c278791d15 100644
--- a/.changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md
+++ b/.changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 "effect": patch
 ---
 
-Effect.provide(managedRuntime)
+`Effect.provide(managedRuntime)` and `ManagedRuntime<R, E>` is subtype of `Effect<Runtime<R>, E, never>`

From 064db6eb1438800ab316c02291eebc98207a276d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 19:47:56 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 05/19] make diff better

---
 packages/effect/dtslint/Unify.ts | 14 ++++++--------
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/effect/dtslint/Unify.ts b/packages/effect/dtslint/Unify.ts
index ffb64018c5..d1b2668264 100644
--- a/packages/effect/dtslint/Unify.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/dtslint/Unify.ts
@@ -101,7 +101,11 @@ export type RuntimeFiberUnify = Unify.Unify<
   | Fiber.RuntimeFiber<1, 2>
   | Fiber.RuntimeFiber<"a", "b">
 >
-
+// $ExpectType ManagedRuntime<1, 2> | ManagedRuntime<"a", "b">
+export type ManagedRuntimeUnify = Unify.Unify<
+  | ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<1, 2>
+  | ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<"a", "b">
+>
 // $ExpectType Queue<1> | Queue<"a">
 export type QueueUnify = Unify.Unify<
   | Queue.Queue<1>
@@ -126,13 +130,7 @@ export type ResourceUnify = Unify.Unify<
   | Resource.Resource<any, any>
 >
 
-// $ExpectType ManagedRuntime<1, 2> | ManagedRuntime<"a", "b">
-export type ManagedRuntimeUnify = Unify.Unify<
-  | ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<1, 2>
-  | ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<"a", "b">
->
-
-// $ExpectType 0 | Option<string | number> | Ref<1> | SynchronizedRef<1> | SubscriptionRef<1> | Deferred<1, 2> | Deferred<"a", "b"> | Fiber<"a" | 1, "b" | 2> | RuntimeFiber<"a" | 1, "b" | 2> | Queue<1> | Queue<"a"> | Dequeue<"a" | 1> | ScopedRef<1> | ScopedRef<"a"> | Resource<1, 2> | ManagedRuntime<1, 2> | ManagedRuntime<"a", "b"> | Ref<"A"> | SynchronizedRef<"A"> | SubscriptionRef<"A"> | FiberRef<12> | FiberRef<"a2"> | Resource<"a", never> | Latch | Either<1 | "A", 0 | "E"> | Effect<1 | "A", 0 | "E", "R" | "R1"> | RcRef<1 | "A", 0 | "E">
+// $ExpectType 0 | Option<string | number> | Ref<1> | SynchronizedRef<1> | SubscriptionRef<1> | Deferred<1, 2> | Deferred<"a", "b"> | Fiber<"a" | 1, "b" | 2> | RuntimeFiber<"a" | 1, "b" | 2> | ManagedRuntime<1, 2> | ManagedRuntime<"a", "b"> | Queue<1> | Queue<"a"> | Dequeue<"a" | 1> | ScopedRef<1> | ScopedRef<"a"> | Resource<1, 2> | Ref<"A"> | SynchronizedRef<"A"> | SubscriptionRef<"A"> | FiberRef<12> | FiberRef<"a2"> | Resource<"a", never> | Latch | Either<1 | "A", 0 | "E"> | Effect<1 | "A", 0 | "E", "R" | "R1"> | RcRef<1 | "A", 0 | "E">
 export type AllUnify = Unify.Unify<
   | Either.Either<1, 0>
   | Either.Either<"A", "E">

From 3400eb76da5dc0b3a1c6043d08243a185063599b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 19:51:33 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 06/19] remove `.runtimeEffect` from flatMap now that
 Managedruntime is subtype of effect

---
 packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts b/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts
index b14a6abbac..6a75579bda 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts
@@ -1339,7 +1339,7 @@ export const effect_provide = dual<
       return core.provideSomeContext(self, source)
     } else if (ManagedRuntime.isManagedRuntime(source)) {
       return core.flatMap(
-        (source as ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<ROut, any>).runtimeEffect,
+        source as ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<ROut, any>,
         (rt) => provideSomeRuntime(self, rt)
       )
     } else {

From 03aed97f663149c8332a60291b4f1e6c713007ad Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 19:54:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 07/19] fix `@since`s

---
 .changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md        |  2 +-
 packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts | 10 +++++-----
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md b/.changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md
index c278791d15..290d0d5937 100644
--- a/.changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md
+++ b/.changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-"effect": patch
+"effect": minor
 ---
 
 `Effect.provide(managedRuntime)` and `ManagedRuntime<R, E>` is subtype of `Effect<Runtime<R>, E, never>`
diff --git a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
index dc3caa202b..2312425794 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import type * as Unify from "./Unify.js"
 const TypeId: unique symbol = internal.TypeId as TypeId
 
 /**
- * @since 2.0.0
+ * @since 3.9.0
  * @category symbol
  */
 export type TypeId = typeof TypeId
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export type TypeId = typeof TypeId
  *
  * @param input - The value to be checked if it is a `ManagedRuntime`.
 
- * @since 2.0.0
+ * @since 3.9.0
  * @category guards
  */
 export const isManagedRuntime: (input: unknown) => input is ManagedRuntime<unknown, unknown> = internal.isManagedRuntime
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ export declare namespace ManagedRuntime {
    */
   export type Error<T extends ManagedRuntime<any, any>> = [T] extends [ManagedRuntime<infer _R, infer E>] ? E : never
   /**
-   * @since 2.0.0
+   * @since 3.9.0
    * @category models
    */
   export interface Variance<in out R, in out ER> {
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ export interface ManagedRuntime<in out R, in out ER>
 
 /**
  * @category models
- * @since 3.8.0
+ * @since 3.9.0
  */
 export interface ManagedRuntimeUnify<A extends { [Unify.typeSymbol]?: any }> extends Effect.EffectUnify<A> {
   ManagedRuntime?: () => Extract<A[Unify.typeSymbol], ManagedRuntime<any, any>>
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ export interface ManagedRuntimeUnify<A extends { [Unify.typeSymbol]?: any }> ext
 
 /**
  * @category models
- * @since 3.8.0
+ * @since 3.9.0
  */
 export interface ManagedRuntimeUnifyIgnore extends Effect.EffectUnifyIgnore {
   Effect?: true

From 1b0f3f46f7994db98984cdd141f46a97d721db66 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 16:58:45 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 08/19] Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Tim <hello@timsmart.co>
---
 packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts | 9 +++------
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
index 2312425794..6e519c890b 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * @since 2.0.0
  */
 import type * as Effect from "./Effect.js"
-import type * as effectable from "./Effectable.js"
+import type * as Effectable from "./Effectable.js"
 import type * as Exit from "./Exit.js"
 import type * as Fiber from "./Fiber.js"
 import * as internal from "./internal/managedRuntime.js"
@@ -60,12 +60,9 @@ export declare namespace ManagedRuntime {
  * @since 2.0.0
  * @category models
  */
-export interface ManagedRuntime<in out R, in out ER>
+export interface ManagedRuntime<in R, out ER>
   extends
-    Effect.Effect<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER, never>,
-    effectable.Class<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER, never>,
-    ManagedRuntime.Variance<R, ER>,
-    Pipeable
+    Effect.Effect<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER>
 {
   readonly memoMap: Layer.MemoMap
   readonly runtimeEffect: Effect.Effect<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER>

From fbf4e7f3e59b0fd711bb707b72b07f31ab71d783 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 22:03:00 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 09/19] export typeId and remove variance

---
 packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts         | 21 +++----------------
 .../effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts     |  9 +-------
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
index 6e519c890b..d870a70292 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
@@ -2,17 +2,14 @@
  * @since 2.0.0
  */
 import type * as Effect from "./Effect.js"
-import type * as Effectable from "./Effectable.js"
 import type * as Exit from "./Exit.js"
 import type * as Fiber from "./Fiber.js"
 import * as internal from "./internal/managedRuntime.js"
 import type * as Layer from "./Layer.js"
-import type { Pipeable } from "./Pipeable.js"
 import type * as Runtime from "./Runtime.js"
-import type * as Types from "./Types.js"
 import type * as Unify from "./Unify.js"
 
-const TypeId: unique symbol = internal.TypeId as TypeId
+export const TypeId: unique symbol = internal.TypeId as TypeId
 
 /**
  * @since 3.9.0
@@ -44,26 +41,14 @@ export declare namespace ManagedRuntime {
    * @since 3.4.0
    */
   export type Error<T extends ManagedRuntime<any, any>> = [T] extends [ManagedRuntime<infer _R, infer E>] ? E : never
-  /**
-   * @since 3.9.0
-   * @category models
-   */
-  export interface Variance<in out R, in out ER> {
-    readonly [TypeId]: {
-      _R: Types.Invariant<R>
-      _ER: Types.Invariant<ER>
-    }
-  }
 }
 
 /**
  * @since 2.0.0
  * @category models
  */
-export interface ManagedRuntime<in R, out ER>
-  extends
-    Effect.Effect<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER>
-{
+export interface ManagedRuntime<in R, out ER> extends Effect.Effect<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER> {
+  readonly [TypeId]: TypeId
   readonly memoMap: Layer.MemoMap
   readonly runtimeEffect: Effect.Effect<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER>
   readonly runtime: () => Promise<Runtime.Runtime<R>>
diff --git a/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts b/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
index 23de9bcb79..9fb3fcd5ca 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
@@ -25,13 +25,6 @@ export const TypeId: M.TypeId = Symbol.for("effect/ManagedRuntime") as M.TypeId
 /** @internal */
 export const isManagedRuntime = (u: unknown): u is M.ManagedRuntime<unknown, unknown> => hasProperty(u, TypeId)
 
-const managedRuntimeVariance = {
-  /* c8 ignore next */
-  _R: (_: any) => _,
-  /* c8 ignore next */
-  _ER: (_: any) => _
-}
-
 function provide<R, ER, A, E>(
   managed: ManagedRuntimeImpl<R, ER>,
   effect: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>
@@ -70,7 +63,7 @@ export const make = <R, ER>(
     )
   const self: ManagedRuntimeImpl<R, ER> = {
     ...Effectable.CommitPrototype,
-    [TypeId]: managedRuntimeVariance,
+    [TypeId]: TypeId,
     memoMap,
     scope,
     runtimeEffect,

From 81607ec54c5d08b8ec55fd2c061c532052f76278 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 22:06:13 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 10/19] add source.runtimeEffect back

---
 packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts b/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts
index 6a75579bda..b14a6abbac 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts
@@ -1339,7 +1339,7 @@ export const effect_provide = dual<
       return core.provideSomeContext(self, source)
     } else if (ManagedRuntime.isManagedRuntime(source)) {
       return core.flatMap(
-        source as ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<ROut, any>,
+        (source as ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<ROut, any>).runtimeEffect,
         (rt) => provideSomeRuntime(self, rt)
       )
     } else {

From 73df65d1357e51f1c667e8b0ee092fb97ecd7a7f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 22:08:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 11/19] fix type errors

---
 packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts | 7 ++++++-
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts b/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
index 9fb3fcd5ca..99a96a0c99 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
@@ -8,15 +8,20 @@ import { pipeArguments } from "../Pipeable.js"
 import { hasProperty } from "../Predicate.js"
 import type * as Runtime from "../Runtime.js"
 import * as Scope from "../Scope.js"
+import type * as Unify from "../Unify.js"
 import * as effect from "./core-effect.js"
 import * as core from "./core.js"
 import * as fiberRuntime from "./fiberRuntime.js"
 import * as internalLayer from "./layer.js"
 import * as internalRuntime from "./runtime.js"
 
-interface ManagedRuntimeImpl<R, E> extends M.ManagedRuntime<R, E> {
+interface ManagedRuntimeImpl<R, E> extends M.ManagedRuntime<R, E>, Effectable.Class<Runtime.Runtime<R>, E, never> {
   readonly scope: Scope.CloseableScope
   cachedRuntime: Runtime.Runtime<R> | undefined
+
+  readonly [Unify.typeSymbol]?: unknown
+  readonly [Unify.unifySymbol]?: M.ManagedRuntimeUnify<this>
+  readonly [Unify.ignoreSymbol]?: M.ManagedRuntimeUnifyIgnore
 }
 
 /** @internal */

From 375dcf59a7932b89ebc8ab193a55aba114cbaf24 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 22:11:56 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 12/19] run docgen and add missing docs

---
 packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
index d870a70292..968fb4a393 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ import type * as Layer from "./Layer.js"
 import type * as Runtime from "./Runtime.js"
 import type * as Unify from "./Unify.js"
 
+/**
+ * @since 3.9.0
+ * @category symbol
+ */
 export const TypeId: unique symbol = internal.TypeId as TypeId
 
 /**

From 9433b7c93db66795f3b1125af593a2073e4c415d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 22:14:37 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 13/19] keep pipable

---
 packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
index 968fb4a393..c028136e87 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import type * as Exit from "./Exit.js"
 import type * as Fiber from "./Fiber.js"
 import * as internal from "./internal/managedRuntime.js"
 import type * as Layer from "./Layer.js"
+import type { Pipeable } from "./Pipeable.js"
 import type * as Runtime from "./Runtime.js"
 import type * as Unify from "./Unify.js"
 
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ export declare namespace ManagedRuntime {
  * @since 2.0.0
  * @category models
  */
-export interface ManagedRuntime<in R, out ER> extends Effect.Effect<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER> {
+export interface ManagedRuntime<in R, out ER> extends Pipeable, Effect.Effect<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER> {
   readonly [TypeId]: TypeId
   readonly memoMap: Layer.MemoMap
   readonly runtimeEffect: Effect.Effect<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER>

From 7d37445b416572ed35425997e38d21343ca512e5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 22:29:44 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 14/19] add test case

---
 packages/effect/test/ManagedRuntime.test.ts | 14 ++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+)

diff --git a/packages/effect/test/ManagedRuntime.test.ts b/packages/effect/test/ManagedRuntime.test.ts
index 4877112a1b..defe8e4445 100644
--- a/packages/effect/test/ManagedRuntime.test.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/test/ManagedRuntime.test.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import * as Context from "effect/Context"
 import * as Effect from "effect/Effect"
 import * as FiberRef from "effect/FiberRef"
 import * as Layer from "effect/Layer"
+import * as it from "effect/test/utils/extend"
 import { assert, describe, test } from "vitest"
 
 describe.concurrent("ManagedRuntime", () => {
@@ -48,4 +49,17 @@ describe.concurrent("ManagedRuntime", () => {
     await runtimeB.dispose()
     assert.strictEqual(count, 1)
   })
+
+  it.effect(
+    "is subtype of effect",
+    () =>
+      Effect.gen(function*() {
+        const tag = Context.GenericTag<string>("string")
+        const layer = Layer.succeed(tag, "test")
+        const managedRuntime = ManagedRuntime.make(layer)
+        const runtime = yield* managedRuntime
+        const result = Context.get(runtime.context, tag)
+        assert.strictEqual(result, "test")
+      })
+  )
 })

From 9022dd61a14f78e0d0556334aa993074798c12d1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 22:32:25 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 15/19] remove pipable

---
 packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts | 3 +--
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
index c028136e87..968fb4a393 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/ManagedRuntime.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import type * as Exit from "./Exit.js"
 import type * as Fiber from "./Fiber.js"
 import * as internal from "./internal/managedRuntime.js"
 import type * as Layer from "./Layer.js"
-import type { Pipeable } from "./Pipeable.js"
 import type * as Runtime from "./Runtime.js"
 import type * as Unify from "./Unify.js"
 
@@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ export declare namespace ManagedRuntime {
  * @since 2.0.0
  * @category models
  */
-export interface ManagedRuntime<in R, out ER> extends Pipeable, Effect.Effect<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER> {
+export interface ManagedRuntime<in R, out ER> extends Effect.Effect<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER> {
   readonly [TypeId]: TypeId
   readonly memoMap: Layer.MemoMap
   readonly runtimeEffect: Effect.Effect<Runtime.Runtime<R>, ER>

From 802a4dc7f33e23ddd2351d874e8cff5792387a5e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leo Conforti <leo@leoconforti.us>
Date: Tue, 24 Sep 2024 22:53:50 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 16/19] apply diff

---
 .../effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts     | 69 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 33 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts b/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
index 99a96a0c99..ff7ecbc4d9 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
@@ -8,20 +8,15 @@ import { pipeArguments } from "../Pipeable.js"
 import { hasProperty } from "../Predicate.js"
 import type * as Runtime from "../Runtime.js"
 import * as Scope from "../Scope.js"
-import type * as Unify from "../Unify.js"
 import * as effect from "./core-effect.js"
 import * as core from "./core.js"
 import * as fiberRuntime from "./fiberRuntime.js"
 import * as internalLayer from "./layer.js"
 import * as internalRuntime from "./runtime.js"
 
-interface ManagedRuntimeImpl<R, E> extends M.ManagedRuntime<R, E>, Effectable.Class<Runtime.Runtime<R>, E, never> {
+interface ManagedRuntimeImpl<R, E> extends M.ManagedRuntime<R, E> {
   readonly scope: Scope.CloseableScope
   cachedRuntime: Runtime.Runtime<R> | undefined
-
-  readonly [Unify.typeSymbol]?: unknown
-  readonly [Unify.unifySymbol]?: M.ManagedRuntimeUnify<this>
-  readonly [Unify.ignoreSymbol]?: M.ManagedRuntimeUnifyIgnore
 }
 
 /** @internal */
@@ -45,6 +40,25 @@ function provide<R, ER, A, E>(
   )
 }
 
+const ManagedRuntimeProto = {
+  ...Effectable.CommitPrototype,
+  [TypeId]: TypeId,
+  pipe() {
+    return pipeArguments(this, arguments)
+  },
+  commit(this: ManagedRuntimeImpl<unknown, unknown>) {
+    return this.runtimeEffect
+  },
+  runtime(this: ManagedRuntimeImpl<unknown, unknown>) {
+    return this.cachedRuntime === undefined ?
+      internalRuntime.unsafeRunPromiseEffect(this.runtimeEffect) :
+      Promise.resolve(this.cachedRuntime)
+  },
+  dispose(this: ManagedRuntimeImpl<unknown, unknown>): Promise<void> {
+    return internalRuntime.unsafeRunPromiseEffect(this.disposeEffect)
+  }
+}
+
 /** @internal */
 export const make = <R, ER>(
   layer: Layer.Layer<R, ER, never>,
@@ -52,41 +66,24 @@ export const make = <R, ER>(
 ): M.ManagedRuntime<R, ER> => {
   memoMap = memoMap ?? internalLayer.unsafeMakeMemoMap()
   const scope = internalRuntime.unsafeRunSyncEffect(fiberRuntime.scopeMake())
-  const runtimeEffect = internalRuntime
-    .unsafeRunSyncEffect(
-      effect.memoize(
-        core.tap(
-          Scope.extend(
-            internalLayer.toRuntimeWithMemoMap(layer, memoMap),
-            scope
-          ),
-          (rt) => {
-            self.cachedRuntime = rt
-          }
-        )
+  const runtimeEffect = internalRuntime.unsafeRunSyncEffect(
+    effect.memoize(
+      core.tap(
+        Scope.extend(
+          internalLayer.toRuntimeWithMemoMap(layer, memoMap),
+          scope
+        ),
+        (rt) => {
+          self.cachedRuntime = rt
+        }
       )
     )
-  const self: ManagedRuntimeImpl<R, ER> = {
-    ...Effectable.CommitPrototype,
-    [TypeId]: TypeId,
+  )
+  const self: ManagedRuntimeImpl<R, ER> = Object.assign(Object.create(ManagedRuntimeProto), {
     memoMap,
     scope,
     runtimeEffect,
     cachedRuntime: undefined,
-    pipe() {
-      return pipeArguments(this, arguments)
-    },
-    commit() {
-      return runtimeEffect
-    },
-    runtime() {
-      return self.cachedRuntime === undefined ?
-        internalRuntime.unsafeRunPromiseEffect(self.runtimeEffect) :
-        Promise.resolve(self.cachedRuntime)
-    },
-    dispose(): Promise<void> {
-      return internalRuntime.unsafeRunPromiseEffect(self.disposeEffect)
-    },
     disposeEffect: core.suspend(() => {
       ;(self as any).runtime = core.die("ManagedRuntime disposed")
       self.cachedRuntime = undefined
@@ -129,6 +126,6 @@ export const make = <R, ER>(
         internalRuntime.unsafeRunPromiseEffect(provide(self, effect), options) :
         internalRuntime.unsafeRunPromise(self.cachedRuntime)(effect, options)
     }
-  }
+  })
   return self
 }

From 3b95e9bb772be158f72f590db11822bc6c01e4c1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim <hello@timsmart.co>
Date: Wed, 25 Sep 2024 11:03:56 +1200
Subject: [PATCH 17/19] fix circular import

---
 packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts | 6 ++++--
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts b/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts
index b14a6abbac..985e10a149 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/internal/layer.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import type { LazyArg } from "../Function.js"
 import { dual, pipe } from "../Function.js"
 import * as HashMap from "../HashMap.js"
 import type * as Layer from "../Layer.js"
-import * as ManagedRuntime from "../ManagedRuntime.js"
+import type * as ManagedRuntime from "../ManagedRuntime.js"
 import { pipeArguments } from "../Pipeable.js"
 import { hasProperty } from "../Predicate.js"
 import type * as Runtime from "../Runtime.js"
@@ -1289,6 +1289,8 @@ const provideSomeRuntime = dual<
   )
 })
 
+const ManagedRuntimeTypeId: ManagedRuntime.TypeId = Symbol.for("effect/ManagedRuntime") as ManagedRuntime.TypeId
+
 /** @internal */
 export const effect_provide = dual<
   {
@@ -1337,7 +1339,7 @@ export const effect_provide = dual<
       return provideSomeLayer(self, source as Layer.Layer<ROut, any, any>)
     } else if (Context.isContext(source)) {
       return core.provideSomeContext(self, source)
-    } else if (ManagedRuntime.isManagedRuntime(source)) {
+    } else if (ManagedRuntimeTypeId in source) {
       return core.flatMap(
         (source as ManagedRuntime.ManagedRuntime<ROut, any>).runtimeEffect,
         (rt) => provideSomeRuntime(self, rt)

From 68f2a5b1b1ac1fe8f427d627c4f42650b7d2eac6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim <hello@timsmart.co>
Date: Wed, 25 Sep 2024 11:14:29 +1200
Subject: [PATCH 18/19] split changesets

---
 .changeset/purple-beans-jog.md | 5 +++++
 .changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 .changeset/purple-beans-jog.md

diff --git a/.changeset/purple-beans-jog.md b/.changeset/purple-beans-jog.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b04f03b001
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/purple-beans-jog.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"effect": minor
+---
+
+support ManagedRuntime in Effect.provide
diff --git a/.changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md b/.changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md
index 290d0d5937..4b2f2750f3 100644
--- a/.changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md
+++ b/.changeset/smart-fishes-sit.md
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 "effect": minor
 ---
 
-`Effect.provide(managedRuntime)` and `ManagedRuntime<R, E>` is subtype of `Effect<Runtime<R>, E, never>`
+`ManagedRuntime<R, E>` is subtype of `Effect<Runtime<R>, E, never>`

From a1b3b6051610405ef98d1e0a4394d8d7d2def461 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tim <hello@timsmart.co>
Date: Wed, 25 Sep 2024 11:23:30 +1200
Subject: [PATCH 19/19] allow .runtime & .dispose to be destructured

---
 packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts | 16 ++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts b/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
index ff7ecbc4d9..c9a38711d5 100644
--- a/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
+++ b/packages/effect/src/internal/managedRuntime.ts
@@ -48,14 +48,6 @@ const ManagedRuntimeProto = {
   },
   commit(this: ManagedRuntimeImpl<unknown, unknown>) {
     return this.runtimeEffect
-  },
-  runtime(this: ManagedRuntimeImpl<unknown, unknown>) {
-    return this.cachedRuntime === undefined ?
-      internalRuntime.unsafeRunPromiseEffect(this.runtimeEffect) :
-      Promise.resolve(this.cachedRuntime)
-  },
-  dispose(this: ManagedRuntimeImpl<unknown, unknown>): Promise<void> {
-    return internalRuntime.unsafeRunPromiseEffect(this.disposeEffect)
   }
 }
 
@@ -84,6 +76,14 @@ export const make = <R, ER>(
     scope,
     runtimeEffect,
     cachedRuntime: undefined,
+    runtime() {
+      return self.cachedRuntime === undefined ?
+        internalRuntime.unsafeRunPromiseEffect(self.runtimeEffect) :
+        Promise.resolve(self.cachedRuntime)
+    },
+    dispose(): Promise<void> {
+      return internalRuntime.unsafeRunPromiseEffect(self.disposeEffect)
+    },
     disposeEffect: core.suspend(() => {
       ;(self as any).runtime = core.die("ManagedRuntime disposed")
       self.cachedRuntime = undefined