diff --git a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-explicit-rollback-iceGatheringState.html b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-explicit-rollback-iceGatheringState.html
index 9c1fe014bd9ee18..e39b985bef2fe65 100644
--- a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-explicit-rollback-iceGatheringState.html
+++ b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-explicit-rollback-iceGatheringState.html
@@ -12,8 +12,9 @@
   t.add_cleanup(() => pc1.close());
   const pc2 = new RTCPeerConnection();
   t.add_cleanup(() => pc2.close());
+  pc1.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
   await initialOfferAnswerWithIceGatheringStateTransitions(
-      pc1, pc2, {offerToReceiveAudio: true});
+      pc1, pc2);
   await pc1.setLocalDescription(await pc1.createOffer({iceRestart: true}));
   await iceGatheringStateTransitions(pc1, 'gathering', 'complete');
   expectNoMoreGatheringStateChanges(t, pc1);
@@ -24,8 +25,9 @@
 promise_test(async t => {
   const pc = new RTCPeerConnection();
   t.add_cleanup(() => pc.close());
+  pc.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
   await pc.setLocalDescription(
-    await pc.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true}));
+    await pc.createOffer());
   await iceGatheringStateTransitions(pc, 'gathering', 'complete');
   await pc.setLocalDescription({type: 'rollback'});
   await iceGatheringStateTransitions(pc, 'new');
@@ -34,8 +36,9 @@
 promise_test(async t => {
   const pc = new RTCPeerConnection();
   t.add_cleanup(() => pc.close());
+  pc.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
   await pc.setLocalDescription(
-    await pc.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true}));
+    await pc.createOffer());
   await iceGatheringStateTransitions(pc, 'gathering');
   await pc.setLocalDescription({type: 'rollback'});
   // We might go directly to 'new', or we might go to 'complete' first,
diff --git a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-iceGatheringState.html b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-iceGatheringState.html
index 58b1489d9ff9a63..6afaf0fbfbd1dc2 100644
--- a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-iceGatheringState.html
+++ b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-iceGatheringState.html
@@ -91,8 +91,9 @@
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc1.close());
     const pc2 = new RTCPeerConnection();
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc2.close());
+    pc1.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
     await initialOfferAnswerWithIceGatheringStateTransitions(
-        pc1, pc2, {offerToReceiveAudio: true});
+        pc1, pc2);
 
     expectNoMoreGatheringStateChanges(t, pc1);
     expectNoMoreGatheringStateChanges(t, pc2);
@@ -119,8 +120,9 @@
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc1.close());
     const pc2 = new RTCPeerConnection();
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc2.close());
+    pc1.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
     await initialOfferAnswerWithIceGatheringStateTransitions(
-        pc1, pc2, {offerToReceiveAudio:true});
+        pc1, pc2);
     await pc1.setLocalDescription(await pc1.createOffer({iceRestart: true}));
     await iceGatheringStateTransitions(pc1, 'gathering', 'complete');
   }, 'setLocalDescription(reoffer) with a new transport should cause iceGatheringState to go to "checking" and then "complete"');
@@ -131,7 +133,8 @@
     const pc2 = new RTCPeerConnection();
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc2.close());
     expectNoMoreGatheringStateChanges(t, pc2);
-    const offer = await pc1.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true});
+    pc1.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    const offer = await pc1.createOffer();
     await pc2.setRemoteDescription(offer);
     await pc2.setRemoteDescription(offer);
     await pc2.setRemoteDescription({type: 'rollback'});
@@ -143,8 +146,9 @@
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc1.close());
     const pc2 = new RTCPeerConnection();
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc2.close());
+    pc1.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
     await initialOfferAnswerWithIceGatheringStateTransitions(
-        pc1, pc2, {offerToReceiveAudio: true});
+        pc1, pc2);
 
     const pc1waiter = iceGatheringStateTransitions(pc1, 'new');
     const pc2waiter = iceGatheringStateTransitions(pc2, 'new');
diff --git a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setLocalDescription-answer.html b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setLocalDescription-answer.html
index 821ee1d0b15ce11..a6a02108f12b4a2 100644
--- a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setLocalDescription-answer.html
+++ b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setLocalDescription-answer.html
@@ -177,11 +177,13 @@
     const pc2 = new RTCPeerConnection();
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc2.close());
 
-    const offer = await pc1.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true});
+    pc1.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    const offer = await pc1.createOffer();
     await pc2.setRemoteDescription(offer);
     const answer = await pc2.createAnswer(); // [[LastAnswer]] slot set
     await pc2.setRemoteDescription({type: "rollback"});
-    await pc2.createOffer({offerToReceiveVideo: true}); // [[LastOffer]] slot set
+    pc2.addTransceiver('video', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    await pc2.createOffer(); // [[LastOffer]] slot set
     await pc2.setRemoteDescription(offer);
     await pc2.setLocalDescription(answer); // Should check against [[LastAnswer]], not [[LastOffer]]
   }, "Setting previously generated answer after a call to createOffer should work");
@@ -192,7 +194,8 @@
     const pc2 = new RTCPeerConnection();
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc2.close());
 
-    await pc2.setRemoteDescription(await pc1.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true}));
+    pc1.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    await pc2.setRemoteDescription(await pc1.createOffer());
     const answer = await pc2.createAnswer();
     const sldPromise = pc2.setLocalDescription(answer);
 
diff --git a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setLocalDescription-offer.html b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setLocalDescription-offer.html
index 7af7150df608b60..c4f476b009d504b 100644
--- a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setLocalDescription-offer.html
+++ b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setLocalDescription-offer.html
@@ -163,8 +163,10 @@
     const pc2 = new RTCPeerConnection();
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc2.close());
 
-    const offer = await pc1.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true}); // [[LastOffer]] set
-    const offer2 = await pc2.createOffer({offerToReceiveVideo: true});
+    pc1.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    const offer = await pc1.createOffer(); // [[LastOffer]] set
+    pc2.addTransceiver('video', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    const offer2 = await pc2.createOffer();
     await pc1.setRemoteDescription(offer2);
     await pc1.createAnswer(); // [[LastAnswer]] set
     await pc1.setRemoteDescription({type: "rollback"});
@@ -177,7 +179,8 @@
     const pc2 = new RTCPeerConnection();
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc2.close());
 
-    await pc1.setLocalDescription(await pc1.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true}));
+    pc1.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    await pc1.setLocalDescription(await pc1.createOffer());
 
     const offer = await pc1.createOffer();
     await pc1.setLocalDescription(offer);
@@ -196,7 +199,8 @@
     const pc = new RTCPeerConnection();
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc.close());
 
-    const sldPromise = pc.setLocalDescription(await pc.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true}));
+    pc.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    const sldPromise = pc.setLocalDescription(await pc.createOffer());
 
     assert_equals(pc.signalingState, "stable", "signalingState should not be set synchronously after a call to sLD");
 
diff --git a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setLocalDescription-rollback.html b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setLocalDescription-rollback.html
index e1607b638366707..06bbcf9b10b58e7 100644
--- a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setLocalDescription-rollback.html
+++ b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setLocalDescription-rollback.html
@@ -132,7 +132,8 @@
     const pc = new RTCPeerConnection();
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc.close());
 
-    await pc.setLocalDescription(await pc.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true}));
+    pc.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    await pc.setLocalDescription(await pc.createOffer());
     const sldPromise = pc.setLocalDescription({type: "rollback"});
 
     assert_equals(pc.signalingState, "have-local-offer", "signalingState should not be set synchronously after a call to sLD");
diff --git a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setRemoteDescription-offer.html b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setRemoteDescription-offer.html
index a50e969637294ae..247d6e0d49ec644 100644
--- a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setRemoteDescription-offer.html
+++ b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setRemoteDescription-offer.html
@@ -193,7 +193,8 @@
     const pc2 = new RTCPeerConnection();
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc2.close());
 
-    const srdPromise = pc2.setRemoteDescription(await pc1.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true}));
+    pc1.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    const srdPromise = pc2.setRemoteDescription(await pc1.createOffer());
 
     assert_equals(pc2.signalingState, "stable", "signalingState should not be set synchronously after a call to sRD");
 
@@ -222,10 +223,12 @@
     const pc2 = new RTCPeerConnection();
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc2.close());
 
-    await pc2.setLocalDescription(await pc2.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true}));
+    pc2.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    await pc2.setLocalDescription(await pc2.createOffer());
 
     // Implicit rollback!
-    const srdPromise = pc2.setRemoteDescription(await pc1.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true}));
+    pc1.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    const srdPromise = pc2.setRemoteDescription(await pc1.createOffer());
 
     assert_equals(pc2.signalingState, "have-local-offer", "signalingState should not be set synchronously after a call to sRD");
 
diff --git a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setRemoteDescription-rollback.html b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setRemoteDescription-rollback.html
index a031a6015f4274d..94ed79cdb2f0420 100644
--- a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setRemoteDescription-rollback.html
+++ b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-setRemoteDescription-rollback.html
@@ -121,10 +121,12 @@
     t.add_cleanup(() => pc2.close());
 
     // We don't use this right away
-    const offer1 = await pc1.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true});
+    pc1.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    const offer1 = await pc1.createOffer();
 
     // Create offer from pc2, apply and rollback on pc1
-    const offer2 = await pc2.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true});
+    pc2.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    const offer2 = await pc2.createOffer();
     await pc1.setRemoteDescription(offer2);
     await pc1.setRemoteDescription({type: "rollback"});
 
@@ -147,7 +149,9 @@
     const offer1 = await pc1.createOffer();
 
     // Create offer from pc2, apply and rollback on pc1
-    const offer2 = await pc2.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true, offerToReceiveVideo: true});
+    pc2.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    pc2.addTransceiver('video', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+    const offer2 = await pc2.createOffer();
     // pc1 now should change its mind about what level its video transceiver is
     // bound to. It was 0, now it is 1.
     await pc1.setRemoteDescription(offer2);
diff --git a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-transceivers.https.html b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-transceivers.https.html
index 110638cd74e8d91..a474f70928a640e 100644
--- a/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-transceivers.https.html
+++ b/webrtc/RTCPeerConnection-transceivers.https.html
@@ -479,7 +479,8 @@
     .then((offer) => { return pc1.setRemoteDescription(offer); })
     .then(() => { return pc1.createAnswer(); })
     .then((answer) => { return pc1.setLocalDescription(answer); });
-  const pc1Promise = pc1.createOffer({ offerToReceiveAudio: true})
+  pc1.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+  const pc1Promise = pc1.createOffer()
     .then(() => { pc1.addTrack(pc1.getReceivers()[0].track); });
   await Promise.all([pc1Promise, pc2Promise]);
   assert_equals(pc1.getSenders()[0].track, pc1.getReceivers()[0].track);
@@ -494,7 +495,8 @@
   const pc2Promise = pc2.createOffer()
     .then((offer) => { return pc1.setRemoteDescription(offer); })
     .then(() => { return pc1.createAnswer(); });
-  const pc1Promise = pc1.createOffer({ offerToReceiveAudio: true})
+  pc1.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+  const pc1Promise = pc1.createOffer()
     .then(() => { pc1.getTransceivers()[0].direction = 'inactive'; });
   await Promise.all([pc1Promise, pc2Promise]);
   assert_equals(pc1.getTransceivers()[0].direction, 'inactive');
diff --git a/webrtc/protocol/RTCPeerConnection-payloadTypes.html b/webrtc/protocol/RTCPeerConnection-payloadTypes.html
index eacbf38a0f6128e..066fc2e085e32da 100644
--- a/webrtc/protocol/RTCPeerConnection-payloadTypes.html
+++ b/webrtc/protocol/RTCPeerConnection-payloadTypes.html
@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@
   const pc1 = new RTCPeerConnection();
   t.add_cleanup(() => pc1.close());
 
-  const offer = await pc1.createOffer({offerToReceiveAudio: true, offerToReceiveVideo: true});
+  pc1.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+  pc1.addTransceiver('video', { direction: 'recvonly' });
+  const offer = await pc1.createOffer();
 
   // Extract all payload types from the m= lines.
   const payloadTypes = offer.sdp.split('\n')