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English Version

题目描述

请你实现一个「数字乘积类」ProductOfNumbers,要求支持下述两种方法:

1. add(int num)

  • 将数字 num 添加到当前数字列表的最后面。

2. getProduct(int k)

  • 返回当前数字列表中,最后 k 个数字的乘积。
  • 你可以假设当前列表中始终 至少 包含 k 个数字。

题目数据保证:任何时候,任一连续数字序列的乘积都在 32-bit 整数范围内,不会溢出。

 

示例:

输入:
["ProductOfNumbers","add","add","add","add","add","getProduct","getProduct","getProduct","add","getProduct"]
[[],[3],[0],[2],[5],[4],[2],[3],[4],[8],[2]]

输出:
[null,null,null,null,null,null,20,40,0,null,32]

解释:
ProductOfNumbers productOfNumbers = new ProductOfNumbers();
productOfNumbers.add(3);        // [3]
productOfNumbers.add(0);        // [3,0]
productOfNumbers.add(2);        // [3,0,2]
productOfNumbers.add(5);        // [3,0,2,5]
productOfNumbers.add(4);        // [3,0,2,5,4]
productOfNumbers.getProduct(2); // 返回 20 。最后 2 个数字的乘积是 5 * 4 = 20
productOfNumbers.getProduct(3); // 返回 40 。最后 3 个数字的乘积是 2 * 5 * 4 = 40
productOfNumbers.getProduct(4); // 返回  0 。最后 4 个数字的乘积是 0 * 2 * 5 * 4 = 0
productOfNumbers.add(8);        // [3,0,2,5,4,8]
productOfNumbers.getProduct(2); // 返回 32 。最后 2 个数字的乘积是 4 * 8 = 32 

 

提示:

  • addgetProduct 两种操作加起来总共不会超过 40000 次。
  • 0 <= num <= 100
  • 1 <= k <= 40000

解法

“前缀积”实现。

若遇到 0,则清空前缀积列表。

Python3

class ProductOfNumbers:

    def __init__(self):
        self.pre_product = []

    def add(self, num: int) -> None:
        if num == 0:
            self.pre_product = []
            return
        if not self.pre_product:
            self.pre_product.append(1)
        self.pre_product.append(num * self.pre_product[-1])

    def getProduct(self, k: int) -> int:
        n = len(self.pre_product)
        return 0 if n <= k else self.pre_product[n - 1] // self.pre_product[n - k - 1]


# Your ProductOfNumbers object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = ProductOfNumbers()
# obj.add(num)
# param_2 = obj.getProduct(k)

Java

class ProductOfNumbers {
    private List<Integer> preProduct;

    public ProductOfNumbers() {
        preProduct = new ArrayList<>();
    }

    public void add(int num) {
        if (num == 0) {
            preProduct.clear();
            return;
        }
        if (preProduct.isEmpty()) {
            preProduct.add(1);
        }
        preProduct.add(num * preProduct.get(preProduct.size() - 1));
    }

    public int getProduct(int k) {
        return preProduct.size() <= k ? 0 : preProduct.get(preProduct.size() - 1) / preProduct.get(preProduct.size() - 1 - k);
    }
}

/**
 * Your ProductOfNumbers object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * ProductOfNumbers obj = new ProductOfNumbers();
 * obj.add(num);
 * int param_2 = obj.getProduct(k);
 */

...