predicted_results.txt

On: O
60: O
days: O
of: O
age,: O
the: O
percentage: O
of: O
labelled: O
cells: O
and: O
the: O
proportion: O
of: O
cells: O
added: O
during: O
each: O
day: O
of: O
formation: O
were: O
determined: O
at: O
several: O
anatomical: O
levels: O
within: O
the: O
midline: O
nuclear: O
group: O
(nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
diagonal: O
band,: O
medial: O
and: O
triangular: O
septal: O
nuclei),: O
the: O
lateral: O
septal: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
nuclear: O
group: O
(nucleus: O
accumbens,: O
bed: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis: O
and: O
the: O
anterior: O
commissure).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Transverse: O
sections: O
of: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nerve,: O
silver-stained: O
surface: O
preparations: O
of: O
the: O
cochlea,: O
and: O
silver-: O
and: O
osmium-stained: O
tangential: O
sections: O
of: O
the: O
cochlea: B-Individual_protein
of: O
the: O
house: O
mouse: O
were: O
made: O
to: O
determine: O
the: O
number: O
and: O
density: O
of: O
nerve: O
fibres: O
entering: O
the: O
organ: O
of: O
Corti: O
and: O
their: O
distribution: O
to: O
inner: O
and: O
outer: O
hair: O
cells: O
along: O
the: O
cochlear: O
spiral.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Focal: O
inhibitory: O
interneuron: O
loss: O
and: O
principal: O
cell: O
hyperexcitability: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
after: O
microinjection: O
of: O
a: O
neurotoxic: O
conjugate: O
of: O
saporin: O
and: O
a: O
peptidase-resistant: O
analog: O
of: O
Substance: O
P.: O
Episodes: O
of: O
prolonged: O
seizures: O
or: O
head: O
trauma: O
produce: O
chronic: O
hippocampal: O
network: O
hyperexcitability: O
hypothesized: O
to: O
result: O
primarily: O
from: O
inhibitory: O
interneuron: O
loss: O
or: O
dysfunction.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

One: O
to: O
12: O
weeks: O
after: O
injection: O
of: O
SSP-saporin,: O
extracellular: O
electrophysiological: O
field: O
responses: O
recorded: O
in: O
the: O
CA1: B-Individual_protein
pyramidal: O
and: O
dentate: B-Individual_protein
granule: O
cell: O
layers: O
in: O
response: O
to: O
afferent: O
stimulation: O
were: O
blindly: O
evaluated: O
simultaneously: O
in: O
two: O
sites: O
1-2: O
mm: O
apart: O
along: O
the: O
longitudinal: O
hippocampal: O
axis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
the: O
presence: O
of: O
phenylethanolamine: O
N-methyltransferase(PNMT): O
-immunoreactive: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
that: O
do: O
not: O
stain: O
for: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase: O
(TH): O
prompted: O
us: O
to: O
re-evaluate: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla(VLM): O
by: O
an: O
elution-restaining: O
immunohistochemical: O
procedure.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Inactivation: O
of: O
the: O
EphA4: O
gene: O
results: O
in: O
axon: O
guidance: O
defects: O
of: O
the: O
corticospinal: O
tract,: O
a: O
major: O
descending: O
motor: O
pathway: O
that: O
originates: O
in: O
the: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
and: O
terminates: O
at: O
all: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Pedunculopontine: O
tegmental: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
rat:: O
cytoarchitecture,: O
cytochemistry,: O
and: O
some: O
extrapyramidal: O
connections: O
of: O
the: O
mesopontine: O
tegmentum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
densest: O
regions: O
of: O
immunostain: O
include: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
cerebral: O
and: O
cerebellar: O
cortex,: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
superior: O
colliculus,: O
and: O
superficial: O
laminae: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
dorsal: O
horn.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
caudal: O
levels,: O
the: O
marginal: O
neurons: O
are: O
the: O
major: O
source: O
of: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
projections,: O
while: O
connections: O
to: O
the: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
form: O
deeper: O
lying: O
neurons: O
are: O
infrequent.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
small: O
numebr: O
of: O
medial: O
cuneate: O
and: O
gracile: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
thalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
study: O
suggests: O
that: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
medullary: O
raphe: O
may: O
be: O
influenced: O
by: O
communication: O
channels: O
including: O
dendro-dendritic: O
contacts: O
within: O
the: O
midline: O
bundle,: O
fourth: O
ventricular: O
cerebrospinal: O
fluid-borne: O
influences: O
through: O
tanycyte: O
shafts,: O
blood-borne: O
influences: O
through: O
the: O
direct: O
neuronal-vascular: O
relationship: O
in: O
the: O
raphe,: O
and: O
traditionally: O
described: O
axonal: O
contacts: O
impinging: O
upon: O
raphe: B-Individual_protein
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
characteristics: O
of: O
dorsomedial: O
area(DM): O
suggest: O
that: O
it: O
may: O
correspond: O
to: O
visual: O
area: O
6: O
(V6): O
of: O
Old: O
World: O
monkeys.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Furthermore,: O
a: O
small: O
number: O
of: O
subthalamic: O
nucleus(STN): O
neurons: O
were: O
seen: O
to: O
project: O
to: O
both: O
the: O
contralateral: O
globus: O
pallidus(GP): O
and: O
parafascicular: O
nucleus(PF): O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Recordings: O
from: O
afferent: O
channels: O
from: O
the: O
medulla: O
supplying: O
deep: O
neuropils: O
of: O
the: O
fly's: O
optic: O
lobes: O
reveal: O
different: O
filter: O
properties: O
among: O
the: O
three: O
classes: O
of: O
afferent: O
neurons:: O
transmedullary: O
cells,: O
T2: O
neurons,: O
and: O
Y: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
results: O
demonstrate: O
unambiguously: O
that: O
the: O
lobula: O
receives: O
information: O
about: O
motion: O
and: O
that: O
the: O
channels: O
carrying: O
it: O
are: O
distinct: O
from: O
those: O
supplying: O
wide-field: O
motion-selective: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
lobula: O
plate.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Retrograde: O
labeling: O
of: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
by: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
demonstrated: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nuclei(DCN): O
from: O
the: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
paragigantocellularis: O
lateralis: O
and: O
from: O
several: O
raphe: O
nuclei,: O
including: O
nuclei: O
raphe: O
obscurus: O
(RO),: O
pallidus: O
(RP),: O
and: O
magnus: O
(RM).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Extensive: O
connections: O
were: O
seen: O
between: O
each: O
of: O
these: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
the: O
mamillary: O
body: O
and: O
the: O
anterior: O
thalamic: O
nuclei,: O
topographically: O
organized: O
so: O
that: O
the: O
anteromedial: O
thalamic: O
nucleus: O
receives: O
projections: O
exclusively: O
from: O
the: O
pars: O
medialis: O
centralis,: O
while: O
the: O
anteroventral: O
thalamic: O
nucleus: O
receives: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
pars: O
medialis: O
dorsalis: O
and: O
pars: O
lateralis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
injections: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
conjugated: O
with: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin: O
(WGA-: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
): O
into: O
these: O
cortical: O
regions,: O
many: O
labeled: O
presumed: O
axon: O
terminals: O
were: O
distributed: O
bilaterally: O
in: O
the: O
reticular: O
regions: O
around: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
motor: O
nucleus;: O
mainly: O
in: O
the: O
region: O
ventral: O
to: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
intertrigeminal: O
region: O
between: O
the: O
main: O
sensory: O
trigeminal: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
motor: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Specific: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
to: O
visual: O
areas: O
17: O
and: O
18: O
were: O
physiologically: O
classified: O
as: O
X: O
or: O
Y: O
type: O
and: O
injected: O
with: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
into: O
the: O
nucleus: O
interpositus: O
anterior(NIA): O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
interpositus: O
posterior(NIP): O
revealed: O
that: O
the: O
major: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
cortex: O
which: O
provided: O
afferents: O
to: O
these: O
two: O
nuclei: O
were: O
the: O
intermediate: O
cortex: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
lobe: O
(IAL): O
and: O
the: O
paramedian: O
lobule: O
(PML).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
show: O
that: O
prior: O
existence: O
of: O
an: O
optic: O
projection: O
is: O
not: O
necessary: O
for: O
axons: O
derived: O
from: O
ectopic: O
retinae: O
to: O
attain: O
visual: O
nuclei,: O
not: O
only: O
on: O
the: O
side: O
of: O
implantation: O
but: O
also: O
on: O
the: O
contralateral: O
side: O
of: O
the: O
brain.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Anterograde: O
and: O
retrograde: O
labeling: O
methods: O
were: O
then: O
used: O
to: O
determine: O
the: O
extent: O
of: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
relay: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
to: O
the: O
contralateral: O
ventral: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
terminates: O
in: O
a: O
zone: O
which: O
is: O
separate: O
from: O
that: O
receiving: O
pallido-: O
and: O
nigrothalamic: B-Individual_protein
fibers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Lesion-degeneration: O
investigations: O
were: O
conducted: O
to: O
determine: O
whether: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
organ(PVO): O
contributes: O
to: O
the: O
innervation: O
of: O
the: O
goldfish: O
pituitary.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Substance: O
P: O
(SP): O
is: O
the: O
major: O
endogenous: O
ligand: O
for: O
neurokinin: O
1: O
(NK1): O
receptors: O
and,: O
together: O
with: O
acetylcholine,: O
has: O
an: O
important: O
role: O
in: O
motivated: O
behaviors: O
involving: O
the: O
limbic: O
shell: O
and: O
motor: O
core: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens: O
(NAc).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
of: O
parvocellular: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamic: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus(PAmp): O
[Fluoro-Gold(FG): O
placement: O
indicated: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
cells: O
in: O
several: O
areas,: O
including: O
the: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis,: O
hypothalamic: O
regions,: O
the: O
supramammillary: O
nucleus,: O
some: O
thalamic: O
regions,: O
and: O
importantly,: O
a: O
few: O
multisensory: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
including: O
the: O
parvicellular: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
subparafascicular: O
and: O
posterior: O
intralaminar: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Bovine: O
fetuin: O
(but: O
not: O
albumin),: O
probably: O
taken: O
up: O
through: O
cerebrospinal: O
fluid(CSF): O
over: O
the: O
neocortical: O
dorsal: O
surface,: O
had: O
a: O
cytoplasmic: O
distribution;: O
endogenous: O
rat: O
fetuin: O
was: O
both: O
cytoplasmic: O
and: O
membrane: O
bound.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition: O
to: O
the: O
well-known: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
nucleus(LA): O
originating: O
from: O
posterior: O
intralaminar: O
nucleus(PIN): O
,: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(MGN): O
,: O
and: O
suprageniculate: O
nucleus(Sg): O
,: O
we: O
also: O
found: O
substantial: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(MGN): O
(MGd): B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
lateral: O
posterior: O
thalamic: O
nucleus: O
(LP).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
conclude: O
that: O
ectosylvian: O
visual: O
area(EVA): O
is: O
an: O
exclusively: O
visual: O
area: O
confined: O
to: O
the: O
anterior: O
ectosylvian: O
sulcus: O
and: O
bounded: O
by: O
nonvisual: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
development: O
of: O
synapses: O
in: O
the: O
molecular: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
piriform: O
cortex: O
was: O
studied: O
at: O
embryonic: O
days: O
15,: O
17,: O
19,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
21.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Song: O
learning: O
in: O
oscine: O
birds: O
relies: O
on: O
a: O
circuit: O
known: O
as: O
the: O
"anterior: O
forebrain: O
pathway,": O
which: O
includes: O
a: O
specialized: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
avian: O
basal: O
ganglia.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Area: O
24: O
has: O
three: O
divisions: O
of: O
which: O
area: O
24a: O
is: O
adjacent: O
to: O
the: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
sulcus: O
and: O
has: O
the: O
least: O
laminar: O
differentiation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Areas: O
24a: O
and: O
24b: B-Individual_protein
received: O
most: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
from: O
fusiform: B-Individual_protein
and: O
multipolar: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
central: O
densocellular(Cdc): O
and: O
parafascicular(Pf): O
nuclei: O
with: O
fewer: O
from: O
the: O
ventral: O
anterior: O
(VA): O
and: O
MDpc: O
and: O
MD: O
densocellular: O
(MDdc): O
nuclei: O
and: O
only: O
minor: O
input: O
from: O
AM.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
medial: O
superior: O
olive,: O
superior: O
paraolivary: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
ventral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body: O
essentially: O
show: O
ipsilateral: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
stained: O
fibers': O
pattern: O
of: O
termination: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
was: O
similar: O
in: O
all: O
three: O
species,: O
with: O
many: O
bouton-like: O
enlargements: O
in: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
marginal: O
zone,: O
substantia: O
gelatinosa,: O
and: O
nucleus: O
proprius,: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
a: O
few: O
projections: O
at: O
each: O
level: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
commissure: O
and: O
contralaterally: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
border: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
proprius.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
WGA-HRP: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
body(MG): O
produced: O
anterograde: O
transport: O
to: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
and: O
several: O
subcortical: O
areas,: O
including: O
the: O
posterior: O
caudate-putamen: O
and: O
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
ventromedial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
subparafascicular: O
thalamic: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Afferents: O
to: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
body(MG): O
from: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
were: O
then: O
identified.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
medial: O
band: O
of: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
thalamic: O
nucleus(MD): O
receives: O
a: O
small: O
number: O
of: O
prosencephalic: O
projections;: O
these: O
arise: O
mainly: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
and: O
ventral: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
prefrontal: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
also: O
originate: O
in: O
basal: O
prosencephalic: O
formations: O
(preoptic: O
area,: O
Broca's: O
diagonal: O
band,: O
substantia: O
innominata,: O
and: O
olfactory: O
tubercle),: O
rostral: O
reticular: O
thalamic: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
lateral: O
hypothalamic: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
arise: O
also: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
rostral: O
and: O
caudal: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
reticular: O
thalamic: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
zona: O
incerta,: O
the: O
lateral: O
and: O
dorsal: O
hypothalamic: O
area,: O
the: O
claustrum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
entopeduncular: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Functional: O
characteristics: O
of: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
marginal: O
zone: O
(lamina: O
I): O
and: O
substantia: O
gelatinosa: O
(lamina: O
II): O
were: O
compared: O
to: O
their: O
structural: O
features: O
by: O
intrcellularly: O
staining: O
the: O
source: O
of: O
unitary: O
potentials: O
with: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP): O
in: O
unanesthetized,: O
spinal: O
cats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
appears: O
therefore: O
that: O
octavus: O
terminal: O
fields: O
are: O
separate: O
from: O
those: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
line: O
at: O
both: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
and: O
medullary: B-Individual_protein
levels,: O
at: O
least: O
at: O
the: O
level: O
of: O
the: O
first-order: O
neuron.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Rostral: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
gray(CG): O
send: O
heavier: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
fields: O
of: O
Forel: O
and: O
the: O
zona: O
incerta,: O
but: O
fewer: O
fibers: O
through: O
the: O
supraoptic: O
decussation,: O
than: O
do: O
caudal: O
levels.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Within: O
2: O
hours,: O
a: O
decreased: O
density: O
of: O
both: O
the: O
65-: O
and: O
67-kDa: O
isoforms: O
of: O
glutamate: O
decarboxylase: O
(GAD(65): O
and: O
GAD(67)): O
-immunoreactive: O
(IR): O
terminals: O
was: O
detected: O
on: O
neuron: O
somata: O
in: O
sectors: O
CA3: O
and: O
CA2,: B-Individual_protein
but: O
not: O
in: O
CA1,: B-Individual_protein
CA3,: B-Individual_protein
or: O
dentate: O
gyrus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Tracer: O
injections: O
consistently: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
and: O
terminals: O
in: O
primary: O
visual: O
cortex: O
(V1),: O
V2,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
middle: O
temporal: O
area: O
(MT),: O
and: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
visual: O
area: O
(DL).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Labeled: O
neurons: O
were: O
also: O
found: O
in: O
other: O
proposed: O
extrastriate: O
areas: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
visual: O
area: O
(DM),: O
dorsointermediate: O
area: O
(DI),: O
middle: O
temporal: O
crescent: O
(: O
middle: O
temporal: O
area(MT): O
c),: O
medial: O
superior: O
temporal: O
area: O
(MST),: O
ventral: O
posterior: O
parietal: O
area: O
(VPP),: O
and: O
caudal: O
inferotemporal: O
cortex: O
(ITc),: O
but: O
these: O
connections: O
were: O
more: O
variable: O
and: O
less: O
dependent: O
on: O
the: O
retinotopic: O
position: O
of: O
injection: O
sites: O
in: O
V2.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Results: O
demonstrate: O
that: O
dorsal: O
group: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
ambiguus(dgNA): O
afferents: O
originate: O
from: O
the: O
tegmentum: O
dorsolateral: O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
olivary: O
complex,: O
medullary: B-Individual_protein
ventromedial: O
tegmentum,: O
caudal: O
raphe: O
nuclei,: O
medullary: O
lateral: O
tegmental: O
field,: O
nucleus: O
retroambiguus: O
(NRA),: O
and: O
adjoining: O
tegmentum,: B-Individual_protein
extending: O
into: O
the: O
first: O
cervical: O
segment: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
motor: O
area: O
(MI): O
is: O
situated: O
on: O
the: O
prealpha: O
gyrus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

An: O
injection: O
restricted: O
to: O
the: O
rostral: O
field: O
labeled: O
a: O
band: O
of: O
neurons: O
situated: O
dorsally: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
posterior: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
the: O
topography: O
of: O
the: O
visual: O
field: O
representations: O
in: O
this: O
region: O
of: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
is: O
more: O
complex: O
than: O
that: O
found: O
in: O
areas: O
17,: O
18,: O
and: O
19,: B-Individual_protein
this: O
region: O
appears: O
to: O
contain: O
four: O
representations: O
of: O
the: O
visual: O
hemifield.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
representations: O
are: O
not: O
as: O
precise: O
as: O
those: O
found: O
in: O
areas: O
17,: O
18,: O
and: O
19;: O
the: O
receptive: O
fields: O
in: O
areas: O
20a,: O
20b,: B-Individual_protein
21a,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
21b: O
are: O
larger: O
and: O
there: O
is: O
more: O
scatter: O
in: O
receptive: O
field: O
location: O
among: O
adjacent: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Evidence: O
was: O
also: O
found: O
for: O
an: O
overlap: O
in: O
the: O
striate: O
cortex: O
between: O
the: O
projections: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
body: O
and: O
the: O
pulvinar: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Numerous: O
immunoreactive: O
fibers: O
were: O
also: O
detected: O
in: O
the: O
regions: O
that: O
contain: O
the: O
pathways: O
to: O
extrathalamic: O
areas: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
stratum: O
zonale: O
and: O
inferior: O
thalamic: O
peduncle.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Immunoreactive: O
fibers: O
were: O
disseminated: O
throughout: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
but: O
they: O
were: O
dense: O
in: O
the: O
preoptic: O
area: O
and: O
sparse: O
in: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Activation: O
of: O
either: O
dorsal: O
or: O
ventral: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
cortex(EC): O
was: O
followed: O
by: O
activation: O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus-hippocampal: O
system: O
in: O
corresponding: O
hippocampal: O
segments.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
each: O
anesthetized: O
animal,: O
one: O
dye: O
was: O
injected: O
into: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
and: O
the: O
other: O
into: O
the: O
topographically: O
congruent: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Most: O
trigeminotectal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
originated: O
from: O
neurons: O
in: O
pars: O
interpolaris,: O
somewhat: O
fewer: O
from: O
pars: O
oralis,: O
and: O
the: O
fewest: O
from: O
principalis: O
and: O
pars: O
caudalis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
data: O
indicate: O
that,: O
regardless: O
of: O
the: O
rodent: O
species,: O
the: O
vast: O
majority: O
of: O
labeled: O
trigeminal: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
project: O
either: O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
or: O
the: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
but: O
not: O
to: O
both: O
targets.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
most: O
intensely: O
reactive: O
loci: O
were: O
the: O
primary: O
sensory: O
neuropiles,: O
which: O
contain: O
the: O
terminals: O
of: O
the: O
statocyst: O
afferents: O
(parolfactory: O
lobes): O
and: O
antennal: O
afferents: O
(antennal: O
lobe).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Golgi: O
analysis: O
of: O
neuronal: O
forms: O
and: O
dendritic: O
architecture: O
confirms: O
this: O
distinction: O
between: O
the: O
two: O
types: O
of: O
cortex: O
composing: O
the: O
lateral: O
gyrus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Computer-assisted: O
morphometric: O
methods: O
have: O
been: O
applied: O
to: O
both: O
types: O
of: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
and: O
indicate: O
by: O
a: O
variety: O
of: O
parameters: O
several: O
quantitative: O
differences: O
in: O
the: O
cellular: O
numbers,: O
types,: O
and: O
organization: O
in: O
each: O
type: O
of: O
cortex.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Control: O
injections: O
were: O
made: O
in: O
the: O
central: O
medial: O
nucleus: O
(CEM): O
of: O
the: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Specifically,: O
reuniens(RE): O
projects: O
strongly: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
frontal: O
polar,: O
anterior: O
piriform,: O
medial: O
and: O
ventral: O
orbital,: O
anterior: O
cingulate,: O
prelimbic,: O
infralimbic,: O
insular,: O
perirhinal,: O
and: O
entorhinal: O
cortices: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
to: O
CA1,: O
dorsal: O
and: O
ventral: O
subiculum,: O
and: O
parasubiculum: B-Individual_protein
of: O
the: O
hippocampus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
confirmed: O
and: O
extended: O
previous: O
findings: O
that: O
none: O
of: O
the: O
above: O
facial: O
motor: O
nerve: O
branches,: O
except: O
the: O
posterior: O
auricular: O
branch,: O
contained: O
a: O
significant: O
number: O
of: O
afferent: O
fibers: O
originating: O
from: O
the: O
geniculate: O
ganglion,: O
the: O
sensory: O
ganglion: O
of: O
the: O
seventh: O
nerve.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
adjacent: O
to: O
and: O
along: O
the: O
upper: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
sulcus: O
(UB-LS): O
of: O
a: O
prosimian: O
primate,: O
Galago: O
crassicaudatus,: O
was: O
explored: O
to: O
determine: O
the: O
topographical: O
representation: O
of: O
low-threshold: O
cutaneous: O
inputs: O
to: O
this: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
somatic: O
sensory: O
projections: O
to: O
this: O
cortex: O
were: O
considered: O
homologous: O
to: O
those: O
defined: O
in: O
other: O
species: O
as: O
the: O
second: O
somatosensory: O
cortical: O
area: O
(SII).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Staining: O
in: O
the: O
parahippocampal: O
gyrus: O
is: O
generally: O
less: O
dense: O
than: O
in: O
the: O
hippocampal: O
formation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
transition: O
from: O
entorhinal: O
cortex(EC): O
to: O
prorhinal: O
cortex: O
occurs: O
along: O
the: O
medial: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
rhinal: O
sulcus: O
and: O
is: O
characterized: O
by: O
a: O
band: O
of: O
AChE: O
staining,: O
which: O
slopes: O
obliquely: O
away: O
from: O
layer: O
II: O
until: O
it: O
joins: O
an: O
intermediate: O
pyramidal: O
cell: O
layer.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Both: O
lateral: O
motor: O
column(L-LMC): O
length: O
and: O
the: O
total: O
lateral: O
motor: O
column(L-LMC): O
size: O
(neuron: O
number: O
x: O
mean: O
nuclear: O
size): O
were: O
roughly: O
equal: O
in: O
diploids: O
and: O
triploids.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
show: O
that: O
Ca(V)1.3-like: O
immunoreactivity: O
is: O
widely: O
distributed: O
in: O
all: O
segments: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
but: O
that: O
the: O
distribution: O
in: O
the: O
different: O
laminae: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
gray: O
matter: O
varies,: O
with: O
the: O
highest: O
density: O
of: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
in: O
lamina: O
IX: O
and: O
the: O
lowest: O
in: O
lamina: O
II.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
while: O
the: O
dorsal: O
component: O
of: O
the: O
inSFp: O
sends: O
significant: O
ipsilateral: O
projections: O
to: O
both: O
rostral: O
and: O
caudal: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cap,: O
only: O
a: O
few: O
LTN: O
neurons: O
appear: O
to: O
follow: O
this: O
example: O
and: O
only: O
by: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
rostral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cap.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
both: O
groups,: O
only: O
the: O
saphenous: O
hindpaw: O
skin: O
was: O
represented: O
in: O
cortex,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
cortical: O
area: O
that: O
was: O
activated: O
by: O
stimulation: O
of: O
the: O
saphenous: O
hindpaw: O
skin: O
had: O
undergone: O
a: O
comparable: O
limited: O
enlargement.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
their: O
numbers: O
are: O
greatest: O
in: O
the: O
polymorph: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
fascia: O
dentata: O
(FD): O
and: O
in: O
the: O
principal: O
cell: O
layers: O
stratum: O
pyramidale: O
(SP): O
and: O
stratum: O
granulosum: O
(SG),: O
GAD: O
immunoreactive: O
(GAD-IR): O
cells: O
are: O
numerous: O
in: O
other: O
strata: O
that: O
contain: O
mostly: O
dendrites: O
and: O
scattered: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Development: O
of: O
afferent: O
patterns: O
in: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
of: O
the: O
rat:: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
purpose: O
of: O
the: O
present: O
study: O
was: O
to: O
determine: O
the: O
development: O
of: O
the: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus: O
(DNLL): O
to: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus(IC): O
in: O
rat: O
prior: O
to: O
the: O
onset: O
of: O
hearing: O
(postnatal: O
day: O
12/13).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
lesions: O
of: O
the: O
superficial: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus,: O
definite: O
degenerated: O
axonal: O
endings: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
and: O
ventral: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nuclei,: O
inferior: O
pulvinar,: O
centrointermediate: O
nucleus,: O
magnocellular: O
dorsomedial: O
nucleus,: O
anterior: O
pretectal: O
nucleus: O
and: O
pretectal: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Sparse: O
degenerated: O
axonal: O
endings: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
limitans: O
nucleus,: O
lateral: O
posterior: O
nucleus: O
and: O
some: O
intralaminar: O
nuclei: O
following: O
lesions: O
of: O
the: O
superficial: O
layers: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Vermis: O
lobule: O
VII: O
and: O
the: O
paravermal: O
and: O
lateral: O
cortices: O
contribute: O
extremely: O
sparse: O
numbers: O
of: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
vestibular: O
complex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
timing: O
of: O
synaptic: O
development: O
in: O
the: O
visual: O
cortex: O
has: O
been: O
compared: O
quantitatively: O
with: O
that: O
in: O
the: O
L.: O
G.: O
N.: O
and: O
qualitatively: O
with: O
synaptogenesis: O
in: O
the: O
retina.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
objective: O
of: O
the: O
present: O
study: O
was: O
to: O
elucidate: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
CART: O
peptide: O
immunoreactive: O
(CARTir): O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
monkey: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
characterize: O
their: O
ultrastructural: O
features: O
and: O
synaptic: O
connections: O
in: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
(PVN).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

CARTir: O
neurons: O
were: O
particularly: O
abundant: O
in: O
the: O
PVN,: O
supraoptic: O
nucleus: O
(SON),: O
infundibular: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
premammillary: O
nucleus,: O
whereas: O
the: O
anterior,: O
lateral,: O
and: O
posterior: O
hypothalamic: O
areas: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
the: O
posterior: O
nucleus: O
displayed: O
moderate: O
immunoreactivity.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
origin: O
of: O
this: O
pool: O
of: O
cells: O
has: O
not: O
been: O
definitely: O
established: O
but: O
it: O
seems: O
probable: O
that: O
its: O
cells: O
are: O
derived: O
from: O
the: O
neuroepithelium: O
lining: O
the: O
lateral: O
ventricle: O
adjacent: O
to: O
the: O
region: O
from: O
which: O
the: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
pyramidal: O
cells: O
are: O
generated.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

as: O
the: O
cortical: O
plate: O
emerged: O
in: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
cerebral: O
vesicle,: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
-immunoreactive: O
cells: O
were: O
found: O
dorsal: O
and: O
ventral: O
to: O
the: O
developing: O
cortical: O
plate.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Most: O
lateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus(LRN): O
-cerebellar: O
projections: O
were: O
bilateral: O
with: O
ipsilateral: O
preponderance,: O
except: O
for: O
the: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
paramedian: O
lobule,: O
which: O
was: O
completely: O
ipsilateral.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
dorsolateral: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus(LRN): O
contained: O
cells: O
whose: O
axons: O
branch: O
to: O
terminate: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
anterior: O
lobe: O
and: O
the: O
caudal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
paramedian: O
lobule: O
(hindlimb: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
cortex),: O
while: O
the: O
medial: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus(LRN): O
contained: O
cells: O
that: O
supply,: O
via: O
collateral: O
axonal: O
branching,: O
the: O
caudal: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
contralateral: O
anterior: O
lobe: O
and: O
the: O
rostral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
paramedian: O
lobule: O
(forelimb: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellum).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast,: O
the: O
medial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body: O
and: O
the: O
medial: O
superior: O
olive: O
contain: O
fewer: O
glutamic: O
acid: O
decarboxylase(GAD): O
-positive: O
puncta: O
and: O
probably: O
no: O
immunoreactive: O
somata.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
proisocortical: O
areas: O
also: O
have: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
connections: O
with: O
the: O
intralaminar: O
and: O
midline: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
second: O
major: O
finding: O
is: O
that: O
the: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
is: O
much: O
smaller: O
in: O
parakeets: O
than: O
in: O
quail: O
at: O
all: O
developmental: O
stages: O
examined,: O
suggesting: O
that: O
the: O
tectum's: O
reduced: O
size: O
is: O
due: O
to: O
an: O
evolutionary: O
change: O
in: O
how: O
much: O
tissue: O
was: O
allocated: O
to: O
become: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
at: O
the: O
time: O
of: O
brain: O
regionalization.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
definitive: O
evidence: O
for: O
a: O
direct: O
pathway: O
from: O
periaqueductal: O
gray(PAG): O
neurons: O
to: O
spinally: B-Individual_protein
projecting: O
A7: O
neurons: O
requires: O
ultrastructural: O
studies,: O
the: O
results: O
of: O
the: O
present: O
studies: O
provide: O
presumptive: O
evidence: O
for: O
direct: O
projections: O
from: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray(PAG): O
to: O
noradrenergic: O
A7: O
neurons: O
that: O
innervate: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
and: O
modulate: O
pain: O
perception.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Structures: O
and: O
connections: O
of: O
auditory: O
forebrain: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
Northern: O
native: O
cat,: O
a: O
member: O
of: O
one: O
of: O
the: O
most: O
primitive: O
families: O
among: O
Australian: O
marsupials,: O
have: O
been: O
examined: O
anatomically: O
by: O
using: O
anterograde: O
and: O
retrograde: O
tracing: O
techniques: O
with: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin-conjugated: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(WGA-HRP): O
after: O
defining: O
the: O
acoustically: O
responsive: O
neocortical: O
area: O
physiologically.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
connectional: O
relationships: O
revealed: O
in: O
the: O
present: O
study--that: O
the: O
lateral: O
amygdaloid: O
nucleus(LAmy): O
receives: O
auditory: O
information: O
from: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
body(MG): O
and: O
reciprocates: O
auditory: O
information: O
with: O
the: O
auditory: O
neocortex(ACx): O
bilaterally--strongly: O
suggest: O
that,: O
in: O
some: O
primitive: O
mammals: O
with: O
small: O
neocortical: O
areas,: O
a: O
specific: O
portion: O
of: O
noncortical: O
telencephalon: O
functions: O
as: O
an: O
auditory: O
center: O
and: O
occupies: O
a: O
relatively: O
large: O
volume: O
of: O
space: O
in: O
the: O
forebrain.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

SP-like: O
immunoreactivity(SPLI): O
cell: O
bodies: O
were: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
oculomotor: O
nucleus;: O
the: O
possibility: O
that: O
this: O
may: O
be: O
the: O
Edinger-Westphal: O
nucleus: O
is: O
discussed.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
hindbrain,: O
SP-like: O
immunoreactivity(SPLI): O
cell: O
bodies: O
and: O
fibers: O
were: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
nuclei: O
ambiguus: O
and: O
commissuralis: O
of: O
Cajal: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
motornucleus: O
of: O
the: O
vagus: O
nuclei;: O
even: O
though: O
these: O
nuclei: O
are: O
known: O
to: O
belong: O
to: O
the: O
visceral: O
and: O
sensory: O
motor: O
columns,: O
the: O
exact: O
role: O
SP: O
plays: O
in: O
processing: O
this: O
information: O
is: O
at: O
present: O
unknown.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
medullary: O
levels,: O
projections: O
were: O
seen: O
to: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
tractus: O
solitarius(nTS): O
itself,: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
vagus: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
subjacent: O
and: O
more: O
ventral: O
reticular: O
formation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
LSO,: B-Individual_protein
DMSO,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
VMSO: O
all: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
two-thirds: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus,: O
and: O
their: O
targets: O
are: O
approximately: O
coextensive.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Large: O
numbers: O
of: O
hormone-concentrating: O
cells: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
all: O
of: O
these: O
species: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
area,: O
tuberal: O
hypothalamus,: O
specific: O
limbic: O
structures,: O
the: O
mesencephalon: B-Individual_protein
deep: O
to: O
the: O
tectum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
anterior: O
pituitary.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
receives: O
bilateral: O
input: O
from: O
nucleus: O
lentiformis: O
mesencephali,: O
posterolateral: O
tegmental: O
nuclei,: O
anterior: O
tegmental: O
nuclei: O
and: O
periventricular: O
nuclei;: O
ipsilateral: O
input: O
from: O
nucleus: O
geniculatus: O
pretectalis,: O
and: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
pars: O
dorsalis;: O
and: O
contralateral: O
input: O
from: O
dorso-lateral: O
posterior: O
tegmental: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
previously: O
undescribed: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
caloris: O
(RC).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

While: O
the: O
principal: O
sensory: O
nucleus: O
sends: O
sparse: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
lateral: O
and: O
dorsal: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
the: O
facial: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
nucleus: O
send: O
differential: O
projections: O
to: O
various: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
the: O
facial: O
nucleus: O
depending: O
on: O
their: O
origin: O
with: O
respect: O
to: O
three: O
cytoarchitectonically: O
different: O
subnuclei: O
that: O
compose: O
the: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

seabream: O
GnRH(sbGnRH): O
mRNA: O
expression: O
was: O
also: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
(OB;: O
but: O
not: O
in: O
the: O
terminal: O
nerve: O
ganglion: O
cells: O
[TNgc]),: O
ventral: O
telencephalon: O
(vTEL),: O
and: O
anterior: O
hypothalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Early: O
luteinizing: O
hormone-releasing: O
hormone(LHRH): O
cells: O
were: O
located: O
throughout: O
the: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
on: O
E32-E42,: O
whereas: O
late: O
luteinizing: O
hormone-releasing: O
hormone(LHRH): O
cells: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
olfactory: O
pit: O
and: O
along: O
the: O
terminal: O
nerve: O
on: O
E34-E36: O
and: O
were: O
not: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
until: O
E38.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Both: O
structures: O
investigated: O
have: O
efferents: O
to: O
the: O
tertiary: O
gustatory: O
and: O
posterior: O
thalamic: O
nuclei,: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
hypothalamus: O
(dorsal: O
hypothalamic: O
neuropil): O
and: O
superior: O
reticular: O
formation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
the: O
injection: O
of: O
fluorescent: O
retrograde: O
tracers,: O
rhodamine-conjugated: O
latex: O
microspheres,: O
fluorescein-conjugated: O
latex: O
microspheres,: O
True: O
Blue,: O
Fluoro-Gold,: O
or: O
rhodamine: O
B: O
isothiocyanate,: O
into: O
different: O
regions: O
of: O
rotundus(Rt): O
and: O
its: O
middorsal: O
extension,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
triangularis: O
(T),: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
retrogradely: O
labelled: O
neuronal: O
cell: O
bodies: O
in: O
the: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
pretectal: O
nuclei: O
was: O
assessed.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Organization: O
of: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
and: O
multimodal: O
afferent: O
neurons: O
supplying: O
the: O
calyx: O
and: O
pedunculus: B-Individual_protein
of: O
the: O
cockroach: O
mushroom: O
bodies.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
dendrites: O
of: O
this: O
afferent: O
reside: O
in: O
satellite: O
neuropil,: O
beneath: O
the: O
mushroom: O
body's: O
medial: O
lobe,: O
which: O
is: O
supplied: O
by: O
collaterals: O
from: O
medial: O
lobe: O
efferent: O
neurons: O
and: O
by: O
terminals: O
from: O
the: O
central: O
complex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
fiber: O
pathway: O
did: O
not: O
enter: O
the: O
fimbria: O
or: O
alveus: O
along: O
the: O
entire: O
distance: O
of: O
the: O
traced: O
pathway: O
and: O
ran: O
exclusively: O
in: O
the: O
stratum: O
oriens: O
of: O
the: O
hilus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
CA3.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
help: O
clarify: O
these: O
diverse: O
roles: O
in: O
the: O
assembly: O
and: O
function: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
we: O
examined: O
the: O
cellular: O
and: O
subcellular: O
localization: O
of: O
EphA4: O
in: O
postnatal: O
rat: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
by: O
light: O
and: O
electron: O
microscopic: O
immunocytochemistry.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Glycine: O
immunoreactivity: O
and: O
receptor: O
binding: O
in: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
of: O
C57BL/6J: O
and: O
CBA/CaJ: O
mice:: O
effects: O
of: O
cochlear: O
impairment: O
and: O
aging.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Glycinergic: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
(CN): O
of: O
C57BL/6J: O
(: O
C57BL/6J(C57): O
): O
and: O
CBA/CaJ: O
(: O
CBA/CaJ(CBA): O
): O
mice: O
were: O
studied: O
by: O
using: O
immunocytochemical: O
and: O
receptor-binding: O
techniques.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

nucleus: O
angularis(NA): O
is: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
cephalic: O
third: O
of: O
the: O
acoustic: O
tubercle: O
and: O
contains: O
variably: O
sized: O
darkly: O
staining: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Anterograde: O
transport: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(alone: O
or: O
conjugated: O
to: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin): O
revealed: O
that: O
neurons: O
in: O
lateral: O
magnocellular: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
neostriatum(lMAN): O
project: O
to: O
another: O
forebrain: O
song-control: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
robust: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
archistriatum: O
(RA).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Estrogen: O
receptor-beta: O
colocalizes: O
extensively: O
with: O
parvalbumin-labeled: O
inhibitory: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
cortex,: B-Individual_protein
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
basal: O
forebrain,: O
and: O
hippocampal: O
formation: O
of: O
intact: O
and: O
ovariectomized: O
adult: O
rats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Within: O
the: O
infralimbic,: O
agranular: O
insular,: O
primary: O
motor,: O
parietal: O
association,: O
perirhinal,: O
and: O
lateral: O
entorhinal: O
cortices,: O
an: O
average: O
of: O
95.6%: O
+/-: O
0.8%: O
(intact): O
and: O
94.5%: O
+/-: O
1.4%: O
(ovx): O
of: O
all: O
estrogen: O
receptor-beta(ER-beta): O
-immunoreactive: O
cells: O
coexpress: O
parvalbumin,: O
and: O
this: O
proportion: O
is: O
strikingly: O
similar: O
across: O
these: O
diverse: O
cortical: O
regions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
innervation: O
of: O
the: O
nasal: O
septum: O
and: O
around: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
has: O
been: O
investigated: O
in: O
rats: O
by: O
means: O
of: O
whole-mount: O
preparations: O
and: O
histological: O
sections.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
opposition: O
to: O
generally: O
accepted: O
schemes,: O
the: O
findings: O
from: O
this: O
study: O
suggest: O
that: O
the: O
pallidothalamic: O
fibers: O
originating: O
from: O
the: O
caudal: O
portions: O
of: O
globus: O
pallidus: O
internus(GPi): O
,: O
including: O
the: O
motor: O
territory,: O
do: O
not: O
course: O
ventromedially: O
to: O
form: O
the: O
ansa: O
lenticularis,: O
but: O
rather,: O
travel: O
predominately: O
medially: O
through: O
the: O
lenticular: O
fasciculus: O
en: O
route: O
to: O
the: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus: O
each: O
stellate: O
cell: O
in: O
the: O
molecular: O
layer: O
receives: O
on: O
the: O
average: O
1,800: O
thalamic: O
fiber: O
contacts,: O
while: O
each: O
pyramidal: O
cell: O
receives: O
only: O
300: O
thalamic: O
fiber: O
synapses: O
on: O
the: O
distal: O
portion: O
of: O
its: O
dendrites.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
calculations: O
lead: O
to: O
the: O
conclusion: O
that: O
individual: O
stellate: O
cells: O
receive: O
at: O
least: O
six: O
times: O
more: O
thalamic: O
fiber: O
synapses: O
than: O
individual: O
pyramidal: O
cells: O
in: O
turtle: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
confirm: O
and: O
extend: O
previous: O
demonstrations: O
of: O
a: O
large-scale: O
aggregation: O
of: O
visual: O
corticopontine: O
cells: O
due: O
to: O
density: O
gradients: O
by: O
showing: O
that: O
densities: O
of: O
corticopontine: O
neurons: O
increase: O
linearly: O
as: O
a: O
function: O
of: O
distance: O
from: O
paracentral: O
to: O
lower: O
visual: O
field: O
representations: O
in: O
area: O
17: O
(and: O
partly: O
in: O
areas: O
18: O
and: O
19).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Despite: O
reductions: O
in: O
substance: O
P: O
labeling: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
following: O
RH,: O
PRV-IR: O
neurons: O
persisted: O
in: O
this: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
adulthood,: O
injections: O
of: O
biotinylated: O
dextran: O
amine: O
were: O
made: O
either: O
in: O
the: O
microgyric: O
cortex,: O
in: O
homologous: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
opposite: O
hemisphere,: O
or: O
in: O
ipsilateral: O
ventrobasal: O
complex: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

There: O
were: O
almost: O
no: O
thalamocortical: O
or: O
corticothalamic: O
projections: O
between: O
the: O
ventrobasal: O
complex: O
and: O
the: O
microgyrus: O
itself,: O
although: O
a: O
dense: O
plexus: O
of: O
thalamocortical: O
fibers: O
was: O
often: O
noted: O
at: O
the: O
border: O
between: O
the: O
malformed: O
and: O
normal: O
cortex.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Ablation: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
at: O
birth: O
failed: O
to: O
produce: O
a: O
net: O
cell: O
loss: O
in: O
the: O
contralateral: O
middle: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
parabigeminal: O
nucleus: O
after: O
the: O
period: O
of: O
natural: O
neuronal: O
death.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
purpose: O
of: O
the: O
study: O
was: O
to: O
determine: O
the: O
morphology: O
and: O
distribution: O
of: O
vasoactive: O
intestinal: O
polypeptide-: O
and: O
peptide: O
histidine: O
isoleucine-immunoreactive: O
(VIP-: O
and: O
PHI-ir): O
neurons: O
and: O
innervation: O
patterns: O
in: O
the: O
main: O
and: O
accessory: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
anterior: O
olfactory: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
piriform: O
cortex: O
of: O
the: O
adult: O
cat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Histamine-immunoreactive: O
fibers: O
of: O
high: O
density: O
were: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
hypothalamus,: O
and: O
fibers: O
could: O
also: O
be: O
traced: O
dorsally: O
from: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
corpus: O
striatum: O
and: O
septal: O
nucleus: O
where: O
they: O
appeared: O
to: O
terminate: O
in: O
dense: O
plexuses.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
stage: O
48,: O
tectospinal: O
and: O
cerebellospinal: O
projections: O
develop,: O
with: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
from: O
the: O
preoptic: O
area: O
following: O
at: O
stage: O
51.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

With: O
in: O
vitro: O
double-labeling: O
methods,: O
based: O
on: O
retrograde: O
tracing: O
of: O
dextran: O
amines: O
in: O
combination: O
with: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase: O
(TH): O
immunohistochemistry,: O
we: O
show: O
that: O
at: O
stage: O
40/41,: O
catecholaminergic: O
(CA): O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
posterior: O
tubercle: O
are: O
the: O
first: O
to: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Descending: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
superior: O
olivary: O
complex: O
to: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
cat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
autoradiographic: O
data: O
corroborated: O
the: O
main: O
results: O
from: O
the: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
experiments: O
and: O
provided: O
additional: O
information: O
permitting: O
these: O
conclusions:: O
the: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
periolivary: O
nuclei: O
to: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nuclear: O
complex: O
are: O
organized: O
tonotopically,: O
at: O
least: O
in: O
part;: O
each: O
periolivary: O
nucleus: O
(and: O
perhaps: O
individual: O
cells),: O
projects: O
widely: O
throughout: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nuclear: O
complex;: O
the: O
pattern: O
of: O
termination: O
of: O
projections: O
from: O
different: O
periolivary: O
nuclei: O
to: O
a: O
given: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nuclear: O
complex: O
are: O
similar,: O
as: O
seen: O
in: O
autoradiograms,: O
and: O
the: O
lateral: O
and: O
dorsal: O
periolivary: O
nuclei: O
project: O
mainly: O
ipsilaterally,: O
while: O
the: O
medial: O
periolivary: O
nuclei: O
project: O
bilaterally: O
with: O
a: O
contralateral: O
bias.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

For: O
the: O
first: O
set: O
of: O
experiments,: O
N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA): O
receptor: O
blockade: O
was: O
initiated: O
either: O
1: O
or: O
4: O
weeks: O
prior: O
to: O
multi-unit: O
mapping: O
in: O
area: O
3b: O
followed: O
by: O
transection: O
of: O
the: O
median: O
nerve: O
and: O
remapping: O
of: O
the: O
cortex.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
strongest: O
expression: O
of: O
D5R: O
mRNA: O
was: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
where: O
D1R: O
mRNA: O
expression: O
was: O
relatively: O
low.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Others: O
continue: O
on: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
septum,: O
the: O
OVLT,: O
the: O
supraoptic: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thalamic: O
nuclear: O
regions: O
projecting: O
to: O
a: O
restricted: O
zone: O
in: O
the: O
anterior: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
sulcus: O
are: O
recipients: O
of: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
and: O
somatosensory: O
outputs.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Hypothermia: O
was: O
induced: O
by: O
neurotensin(NT): O
in: O
the: O
area: O
praeoptica: O
medialis: O
contiguous: O
with: O
the: O
area: O
anterior: O
hypothalami,: O
nucleus: O
ventralis: O
tegmenti: O
(Tsai),: O
floor: O
of: O
the: O
fourth: O
ventricle,: O
and: O
tractus: O
spinalis: O
nervi: O
trigemini.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

S-100(+): O
processes: O
and: O
somata: O
were: O
distributed: O
throughout: O
the: O
olfactory: O
nerve(ON): O
L;: O
the: O
outer: O
and: O
inner: O
olfactory: O
nerve(ON): O
L: O
were: O
equivalent: O
in: O
their: O
S-100: O
staining.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
present: O
study,: O
Dopamine(DA): O
regulation: O
in: O
the: O
associative: O
neostriatum: O
caudolaterale(NCL): O
and: O
the: O
striatal: B-Individual_protein
lobus: O
parolfactorius: O
(LPO): O
of: O
pigeons: O
was: O
compared: O
to: O
uncover: O
possible: O
differences: O
corresponding: O
to: O
those: O
between: O
mammalian: O
prefrontal: O
cortex(PFC): O
and: O
striatum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
this: O
habituation: O
was: O
paralleled: O
by: O
global: O
decrements: O
in: O
activation: O
patterns: O
across: O
all: O
paraventricular: O
hypothalamic: O
nucleus(PVH): O
co: O
medial: O
parvicellular(mp): O
artments,: O
clear: O
spatial-te: O
medial: O
parvicellular(mp): O
oral: O
differences: O
in: O
recruitment: O
profiles: O
were: O
noted: O
between: O
dorsal: O
and: O
ventral: O
aspects: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
parvicellular(mp): O
paraventricular: O
hypothalamic: O
nucleus(PVH): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
results: O
indicate: O
a: O
lack: O
of: O
homogeneity: O
among: O
stress-responsive: O
parvicellular: O
neurosecretory: O
neurons: O
and: O
suggest: O
that: O
distinct: O
co: O
medial: O
parvicellular(mp): O
lements: O
of: O
corticotropin-releasing: O
factor(CRF): O
cells: O
may: O
be: O
preferentially: O
involved: O
in: O
initiating: O
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA): O
responses: O
to: O
acute: O
stress: O
and: O
sustaining: O
them: O
in: O
the: O
repeated: O
condition.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
which: O
labeled: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
terminal: O
fields: O
in: O
both: O
the: O
fascia: O
dentata: O
and: O
regio: O
superior: O
resulted: O
in: O
the: O
retrograde: O
labeling: O
of: O
two: O
populations: O
of: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Because: O
IGCs: O
are: O
a: O
well-known: O
source: O
of: O
modulatory: O
inputs: O
to: O
large: O
principal: O
cells(LPC): O
s,: O
both: O
main: O
accessory: O
cells(MACs): O
and: O
INBs: O
represent: O
a: O
site: O
of: O
convergence: O
of: O
the: O
main: O
olfactory: O
bulb(MOB): O
with: O
the: O
accessory: O
olfactory: O
bulb(AOB): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
relationship: O
of: O
corpus: O
callosum: O
connections: O
to: O
electrical: O
stimulation: O
maps: O
of: O
motor,: O
supplementary: O
motor,: O
and: O
the: O
frontal: O
eye: O
fields: O
in: O
owl: O
monkeys.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Fluorescent: O
dye: O
retrograde: O
tracing: O
was: O
combined: O
with: O
steroid: O
hormone: O
autoradiography: O
to: O
study: O
the: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
of: O
the: O
estrogen-concentrating: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
preoptic: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
brain.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Severing: O
the: O
optic: O
nerve: O
resulted: O
in: O
5-HT-ir: O
elements: O
that: O
extended: O
up: O
the: O
optic: O
nerve: O
shaft: O
from: O
the: O
lesion: O
site: O
toward: O
the: O
retina.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Connections: O
of: O
visual: O
cortex: O
in: O
squirrels: O
were: O
investigated: O
by: O
placing: O
WGA-HRP: O
injections,: O
and: O
in: O
some: O
cases: O
fluorescent: O
dyes,: O
into: O
area: O
17: O
(V-I): B-Individual_protein
or: O
area: O
18: O
(V-II).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Occasionally,: O
cholinergic: O
neurons: O
were: O
also: O
found: O
at: O
intermediate: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
,: O
in: O
the: O
borders: O
of: O
the: O
pars: O
reticulata: O
and: O
pars: O
lateralis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Another: O
region: O
of: O
conspicuous: O
staining: O
on: O
the: O
medial: O
surface: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
was: O
the: O
sulcal: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
periamygdaloid: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Forebrain: B-Individual_protein
labeling: O
was: O
restricted: O
to: O
the: O
diencephalon,: B-Individual_protein
where: O
distinctive: O
terminal: O
fields: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
thalamic: O
nucleus;: O
the: O
lateral: O
hypothalamic: O
area;: O
and: O
the: O
paraventricular,: B-Individual_protein
dorsomedial,: B-Individual_protein
supraoptic,: O
and: O
median: O
preoptic: O
nuclei: O
of: O
hypothalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Fluorescent: O
retrograde: O
tracers: O
placed: O
in: O
each: O
parahippocampal: O
gyrus(PHG): O
area: O
demonstrated: O
unique: O
patterns: O
of: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
afferent: O
input: O
to: O
areas: O
TH,: O
TL,: O
and: O
TF.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ventral: O
lateral: O
region(VL): O
region: O
is: O
characterized: O
as: O
a: O
distinct: O
cytoarchitectonic: O
entity: O
of: O
the: O
motor: O
thalamus: O
that: O
receives: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
and: O
includes: O
area: O
X,: O
VPLo,: O
ventral: O
lateral: O
region(VL): O
c,: O
and: O
ventral: O
lateral: O
region(VL): O
ps: O
of: O
Olszewski.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
arose: O
from: O
neurons: O
located: O
in: O
layer: O
V: O
of: O
the: O
frontoparietal: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
density: O
of: O
Disabled-1(Dab1): O
-labeled: O
AII: O
amacrine: O
cells: O
decreased: O
from: O
about: O
3,750: O
cells/mm(2): O
in: O
the: O
central: O
retina: O
to: O
1,725: O
cells/mm(2): O
in: O
the: O
peripheral: O
retina.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

There: O
was: O
a: O
clear: O
mediolateral: O
difference:: O
74.3%: O
of: O
lentiformis: O
mesencephali(LM): O
neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
IXcd: O
were: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
subnucleus: O
of: O
lentiformis: O
mesencephali(LM): O
(: O
lentiformis: O
mesencephali(LM): O
l),: O
whereas: O
73.8%: O
of: O
lentiformis: O
mesencephali(LM): O
neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
VI-VIII: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
medial: O
lentiformis: O
mesencephali(LM): O
(: O
lentiformis: O
mesencephali(LM): O
m).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
examined: O
the: O
physiological: O
and: O
morphological: O
characteristics: O
of: O
spinal: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
lamina: O
I: O
neurons: O
with: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
cat: O
by: O
combining: O
physiological: O
recording: O
of: O
neurons: O
with: O
the: O
intracellular: O
injection: O
of: O
HRP.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Both: O
the: O
olivary: O
nuclei: O
receive: O
input: O
from: O
most,: O
if: O
not: O
all,: O
of: O
the: O
dorsoventral: O
extent: O
of: O
the: O
anteroventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus,: O
implying: O
that: O
both: O
receive: O
input: O
from: O
neurons: O
arrayed: O
across: O
the: O
entire: O
frequency: O
representation: O
of: O
the: O
anteroventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Homology: O
between: O
the: O
nucleus: O
preglomerulosus: O
and: O
the: O
central: O
thalamic: O
nucleus: O
in: O
amphibians,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
reuniens: O
in: O
reptiles,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
ovoidalis: O
in: O
birds,: O
and: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
body: O
in: O
mammals: O
is: O
discussed.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
pattern: O
of: O
laminar: O
connections: O
with: O
V1,: B-Individual_protein
V2,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
V3: B-Individual_protein
indicated: O
that: O
MT: B-Individual_protein
projects: O
"back": O
to: O
these: O
areas: O
and: O
they: O
project: O
"forward": O
to: O
MT.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Cells: O
in: O
medial: O
superior: O
temporal(MST): O
had: O
larger: O
receptive: O
fields: O
than: O
those: O
in: O
either: O
MT: B-Individual_protein
or: O
MTp: O
but: O
nonetheless: O
displayed: O
a: O
crude: O
visuotopic: O
organization.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Transganglionic: O
transport: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
was: O
used: O
to: O
trace: O
the: O
pattern: O
of: O
medullary: B-Individual_protein
terminations: O
of: O
the: O
glossopharyngeal: O
and: O
vagal: O
nerve: O
complex: O
in: O
the: O
channel: O
catfish,: O
Ictalurus: O
punctatus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
major: O
target: O
regions: O
of: O
all: O
four: O
cortical: O
areas: O
were: O
the: O
pontine: O
nuclei: O
and: O
the: O
pontomedullary: O
reticular: O
formation: O
(PMRF).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
investigate: O
the: O
basis: O
for: O
this: O
ocular: O
phenotype,: O
we: O
analyzed: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
beta-dystroglycan,: O
a: O
central: O
member: O
of: O
the: O
dystrophin-glycoprotein: O
complex,: O
in: O
the: O
chick: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
by: O
using: O
the: O
43DAG/8D5: O
monoclonal: O
antibody.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
more: O
anterior: O
levels,: O
these: O
fascicles: O
turn: O
dorsally,: O
pass: O
through: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
area,: O
and: O
terminate: O
massively: O
in: O
a: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
rostral: O
dorsolateral: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
studied: O
the: O
reciprocal: O
effects: O
of: O
localized: O
damage: O
to: O
either: O
visual: O
cortical: O
areas: O
17: O
and: O
18,: B-Individual_protein
or: O
posteromedial: O
lateral: O
suprasylvian: O
(PMLS): O
cortex: O
in: O
the: O
adult: O
cat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Putative: O
afferent: O
input: O
to: O
retrotrapezoid: O
nucleus(RTN): O
originated: O
from: O
spinal: O
cord,: O
caudal: O
NTS,: O
area: O
postrema,: O
ventral: O
respiratory: O
column(VRC): O
,: O
dorsolateral: O
pons,: O
raphe: O
nuclei,: O
lateral: O
hypothalamus,: O
central: O
amygdala,: O
and: O
insular: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Retinoid: O
receptors: O
are: O
expressed: O
in: O
the: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
of: O
Pax6(Sey-Neu)/Pax6(Sey-Neu): O
embryos,: O
and: O
the: O
mutant: O
forebrain: O
remains: O
responsive: O
to: O
exogenous: O
retinoic: O
acid.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurons: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
periaqueductal: O
gray(PAG): O
,: O
not: O
receiving: O
direct: O
sacral: O
cord: O
afferents,: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
pontine: O
micturition: O
center: O
(PMC).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
only: O
the: O
A2: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
expressed: O
estrogen: O
receptor: O
alpha(ERalpha): O
immunoreactivity,: O
whereas: O
the: O
A1: O
afferents: O
coexpressed: O
neuropeptide: O
Y.: O
These: O
observations,: O
combined: O
with: O
the: O
anterograde: O
labeling: O
data: O
of: O
others,: O
provide: O
neuroanatomical: O
evidence: O
for: O
the: O
existence: O
of: O
specific: O
estrogen-receptive: O
neuronal: O
cell: O
populations: O
that: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
rostral: O
preoptic: O
area(rPOA): O
and: O
may: O
be: O
involved: O
in: O
the: O
estrogen-dependent: O
transsynaptic: O
regulation: O
of: O
gonadotropin-releasing: O
hormone(GnRH): O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
median: O
eminence: O
contained: O
only: O
sparse: O
projections,: O
and: O
the: O
posterior: O
pituitary: O
was: O
not: O
labeled.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
rat: O
thhe: O
perforant: O
pathways: O
from: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
area: O
normally: O
innervate: O
the: O
fascia: O
dentata: O
only: O
ipsilaterally.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Crossed: O
pathways: O
from: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
area: O
to: O
the: O
fascia: O
dentata.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast: O
to: O
previous: O
anatomical: O
investigations,: O
these: O
results: O
suggest: O
that: O
the: O
posterior: O
parietal: O
cortex(PPC): O
can: O
potentially: O
modulate: O
motor: O
activity: O
via: O
its: O
strong: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
more: O
rostral: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
motor: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Noradrenergic: O
inputs: O
to: O
the: O
supraoptic: O
and: O
paraventricular: O
nuclei: O
may: O
influence: O
primarily: O
vasopressinergic: O
cells: O
that: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
posterior: O
lobe: O
of: O
the: O
pituitary,: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
periventricular: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
that: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
median: O
eminence.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

vesicular: O
acetylcholine: O
transporter(VAChT): O
-labeled: O
presynaptic: O
profiles: O
were: O
most: O
concentrated: O
in: O
stratum: O
oriens: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
CA1: O
region: O
and: O
dentate: O
inner: O
molecular: O
layer: O
and: O
hilus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
reticuloreticular: O
pathway: O
may,: O
moreover,: O
synchronize: O
the: O
diffuse: O
modulatory: O
effect: O
of: O
the: O
rostral: O
reticular: O
nucleus: O
on: O
nonprimary: O
cortical: O
areas: O
through: O
the: O
bilateral: O
projections: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
to: O
the: O
ventromedial,: O
intralaminar,: O
and: O
anterior: O
thalamic: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Here: O
we: O
report: O
that: O
male: O
Anna's: O
hummingbirds: O
and: O
male: O
Amazilia: O
hummingbirds: O
(Amazilia: O
amazilia),: O
two: O
singing: O
hummingbird: O
species,: O
possess: O
forebrain: O
areas: O
that: O
are: O
similar: O
in: O
morphological: O
appearance,: O
location,: O
and: O
connectivity: O
to: O
the: O
song: O
control: O
areas: O
RA: O
(nucleus: O
robustus: O
archistriatalis),: O
HVC: O
(nucleus: O
hyperstriatalis: O
ventrale,: O
pars: O
caudale,: O
or: O
higher: O
vocal: O
center),: O
and: O
LMAN: O
(lateral: O
part: O
of: O
nucleus: O
mangnocellularis: O
anterioris): O
of: O
oscine: O
passerines: O
(songbirds).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Recent: O
studies: O
of: O
the: O
origins: O
and: O
terminations: O
of: O
the: O
olivocochlear: O
bundle: O
(OCB): O
in: O
the: O
cat: O
provide: O
evidence: O
that: O
separate: O
efferent: O
systems: O
differentially: O
innervate: O
the: O
two: O
types: O
of: O
hair: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
organ: O
of: O
Corti.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Both: O
facial: O
and: O
vagal: O
lobes: O
receive: O
afferent: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
following: O
central: O
structures:: O
nucleus: O
posterioris: O
thalami,: O
nucleus: O
diffusus: O
lobi: O
inferioris,: O
optic: O
tectum,: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
nerve,: O
medullary: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
and: O
the: O
gray: O
matter: O
of: O
the: O
upper: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus,: O
the: O
granule: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
indusium: O
griseum(IG): O
and: O
anterior: O
hippocampal: O
continuation(AHC): O
receive: O
laminar: O
inputs: O
from: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
cortex,: O
the: O
indusium: O
griseum(IG): O
-: O
anterior: O
hippocampal: O
continuation(AHC): O
itself,: O
and: O
the: O
supramammillary: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Subunit-specific: O
antibodies: O
that: O
recognize: O
NMDAR1,: O
GluR1,: O
GluR4,: O
and: O
mGluR1alpha: O
were: O
used: O
to: O
identify: O
immunoreactive: O
nuclei: O
in: O
the: O
brain: O
stem: O
and: O
cerebellum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Differential: O
rostral: O
projections: O
of: O
caudal: O
brainstem: O
neurons: O
receiving: O
trigeminal: B-Individual_protein
input: O
after: O
masseter: O
inflammation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
thus: O
suggest: O
that: O
the: O
reciprocal: O
connectivity: O
between: O
the: O
subiculum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
parahippocampal: O
region: O
is: O
organized: O
as: O
parallel: O
pathways: O
that: O
serve: O
to: O
segregate: O
information: O
flow: O
and: O
thus: O
maintain: O
the: O
identity: O
of: O
processed: O
information.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Terminations: O
in: O
the: O
pons: B-Individual_protein
were: O
distributed: O
in: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
and: O
lateral: O
nuclei,: O
and: O
the: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
peripeduncular: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

ovoidalis(Ov): O
subnuclei: O
project: O
upon: O
L2a: O
and: O
semilunaris: O
parovoidalis(SPO): O
projects: O
predominantly: O
upon: O
L2b.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ventral: O
posterior: O
lateral,: O
ventral: O
posterior: O
medial,: O
and: O
posterior: O
nucleus,: O
medial: O
division,: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
show: O
fluctuations: O
in: O
NR1: O
immunoreactivity: O
levels,: O
starting: O
at: O
birth: O
with: O
moderate: O
densities: O
in: O
neuropil: O
which: O
decrease: O
at: O
P-7,: O
and: O
peak: O
again: O
in: O
neuronal: O
cell: O
bodies: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
the: O
neuropil: O
at: O
P-21.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
primate: O
orbitofrontal: O
cortex: O
is: O
a: O
component: O
of: O
the: O
paralimbic: O
cortical: O
"belt": O
and: O
consists: O
of: O
several: O
distinct: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

CART: O
peptide: O
immunoreactivity: O
(CARTir): O
has: O
been: O
localized: O
in: O
discrete: O
nuclei: O
throughout: O
the: O
brain,: O
and,: O
within: O
the: O
striatum,: B-Individual_protein
it: O
is: O
located: O
only: O
ventrally: O
in: O
a: O
subpopulation: O
of: O
medium: O
spiny: O
projection: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
shell: O
and: O
core: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
used: O
EM-autoradiography: O
to: O
determine: O
the: O
morphology: O
of: O
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
inferior: O
and: O
lateral: O
pulvinar: O
which: O
originate: O
from: O
neurons: O
in: O
visual: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
connections: O
between: O
the: O
nucleus: O
isthmi: O
and: O
the: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
frog: O
have: O
been: O
determined: O
by: O
several: O
anatomical: O
techniques:: O
iontophoresis: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
into: O
the: O
tectum,: B-Individual_protein
iontophoresis: O
of: O
3H-porline: O
into: O
the: O
nucleus: O
isthmi: O
and: O
the: O
tectum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
Fink-Heimer: O
degeneration: O
staining: O
after: O
lesions: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
isthmi.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

All: O
of: O
these: O
fibers: O
in: O
the: O
optic: O
nerve: O
and: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
were: O
unmyelinated.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contradiction: O
to: O
previous: O
statements: O
about: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
descending: O
noradrenergic(NA): O
axons,: O
we: O
have: O
recently: O
proposed: O
that: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
locus: O
coeruleus(LC): O
neurons: O
project: O
primarily: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
and: O
intermediate: O
zone,: O
whereas: O
A5: B-Individual_protein
and: O
A7: O
neurons: O
project: O
to: O
somatic: O
motoneurons: O
and: O
the: O
intermediolateral: O
cell: O
column.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Analysis: O
of: O
horizontal: O
sections: O
revealed: O
that: O
locus: O
coeruleus(LC): O
axons: O
descend: O
the: O
length: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
within: O
layers: O
I: O
and: O
II.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cell: O
size: O
groups: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
North: O
American: O
opossum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Furthermore,: O
a: O
number: O
of: O
SRIF-positive: O
structures: O
are: O
found: O
during: O
the: O
fetal: O
period: O
in: O
the: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
cord;: O
however,: O
SRIF-positive: O
fibers: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
horn,: O
lamina: O
V,: O
VI,: O
and: O
X: O
tend: O
to: O
decrease: O
remarkably: O
in: O
number: O
after: O
birth,: O
while: O
those: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
maintain: O
their: O
immunoreactivity: O
even: O
in: O
the: O
adult: O
rats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Previous: O
anatomical: O
tracing: O
studies: O
revealed: O
that: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
to: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
periaqueductal: O
gray(vlPAG): O
arose: O
from: O
the: O
superficial: O
and: O
deep: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
and: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
funiculus: O
at: O
all: O
spinal: O
segmental: O
levels,: O
with: O
approximately: O
50%: O
of: O
ventrolateral: O
periaqueductal: O
gray(vlPAG): O
-projecting: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
found: O
within: O
the: O
upper: O
cervical: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
axons: O
were: O
stained: O
for: O
distances: O
of: O
4-12: O
mm: O
at: O
the: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
subnuclei: O
interpolaris: O
(Vi): O
and: O
caudalis: O
(Vc): O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

thalamic(TH): O
1: O
neurons: O
are: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
central,: O
thalamic(TH): O
2: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
anterior: O
and: O
central,: O
thalamic(TH): O
3: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
anterior: O
dorsal: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
thalamic(TH): O
4: O
and: O
thalamic(TH): O
5: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
posterior: O
dorsal: O
or: O
ventral: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

As: O
other: O
investigators: O
have: O
determined,: O
regions: O
of: O
retrograde: O
and: O
anterograde: O
thalamic: O
label: O
overlapped,: O
demonstrating: O
that: O
connections: O
with: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
are: O
reciprocal.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cells: O
were: O
measured: O
and: O
the: O
percent: O
distributions: O
of: O
three: O
ganglion: O
cell: O
size: O
classes: O
(6-10: O
micron;: O
11-20: O
micron;: O
21-35: O
micron): O
were: O
determined: O
for: O
the: O
area: O
centralis: O
and: O
near: O
temporal: O
periphery;: O
Mean: O
ganglion: O
cell: O
size: O
is: O
constant: O
in: O
center: O
and: O
periphery: O
through: O
five: O
weeks: O
age,: O
is: O
adultlike: O
in: O
the: O
periphery: O
soon: O
thereafter: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
center: O
sometime: O
after: O
eight: O
weeks: O
of: O
age.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Ventral: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
and: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area(VTA): O
project: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
structures: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
septum,: O
nucleus: O
accumbens: O
and: O
neostriatum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
available: O
evidence: O
indicates: O
that: O
the: O
diverse: O
pallial: O
regions: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
in: O
birds,: O
as: O
in: O
mammals,: O
are: O
parts: O
of: O
higher: O
order: O
sensory: O
or: O
motor: O
systems.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
NCX3: O
protein: O
was: O
particularly: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
CA3: O
subregion,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
oriens,: O
radiatum,: O
and: O
lacunoso-moleculare: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
striatum,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
molecular: O
layer.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Anterograde: O
and: O
retrograde: O
tracing: O
methods: O
indicate: O
that: O
a: O
very: O
small: O
population: O
of: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
far: O
rostral: O
cord: O
of: O
lampreys: O
may: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
optic: O
tectum: O
and: O
diencephalon;: O
however,: O
spinotectal: O
and: O
spinothalamic: B-Individual_protein
projections,: O
if: O
present,: O
are: O
limited: O
in: O
extent.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

On: O
the: O
basis: O
of: O
an: O
estimate: O
of: O
approximately: O
3: O
billion: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
monkey: O
cortex: O
(Shariff,: O
'53),: O
we: O
estimate: O
that: O
between: O
2: O
and: O
3%: O
of: O
all: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
opposite: O
cerebral: O
hemisphere.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
analysis: O
revealed: O
an: O
age-related: O
decline: O
in: O
the: O
length: O
of: O
cholinergic: O
fibers: O
of: O
22%,: O
which: O
was: O
similar: O
across: O
the: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
subregions: O
studied: O
(dentate: O
gyrus: O
granule: O
cell: O
and: O
molecular: O
layers,: O
CA2/3-hilus,: O
and: O
CA1),: B-Individual_protein
and: O
across: O
the: O
rostral-caudal: O
extent: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Both: O
cortical: O
areas: O
sent: O
dense: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
neostriatum,: O
but: O
the: O
MI: O
vibrissal: O
representation: O
also: O
projected: O
to: O
regions: O
located: O
more: O
rostrally: O
and: O
medially.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Parvalbumin-containing: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
of: O
the: O
lizard: O
Podarcis: O
hispanica:: O
morphology,: O
ultrastructure,: O
and: O
coexistence: O
with: O
GABA,: O
somatostatin,: O
and: O
neuropeptide: O
Y.: O
The: O
morphology,: O
fine: O
structure,: O
and: O
degree: O
of: O
colocalization: O
with: O
GABA,: O
somatostatin,: O
and: O
neuropeptide: O
Y: O
of: O
parvalbumin-containing: O
cells: O
were: O
studied: O
with: O
immunocytochemistry: O
in: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
of: O
the: O
lizard: O
Podarcis: O
hispanica.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
both: O
species: O
have: O
a: O
well-developed: O
cerebellorubral: O
system,: O
they: O
differ: O
in: O
that: O
the: O
red: O
nucleus: O
of: O
rats: O
receives: O
direct: O
input: O
from: O
the: O
motor: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex,: O
whereas: O
turtles: O
do: O
not.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Sex: O
differences: O
in: O
projections: O
from: O
preoptic: O
area: O
aromatase: O
cells: O
to: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
in: O
Japanese: O
quail.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Vestibular: O
projections: O
ascending: O
mainly: O
via: O
the: O
fasciculus: O
longitudinalis: O
medialis(f: O
lm): O
terminated: O
in: O
the: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
fasciculus: O
longitudinalis: O
medialis(f: O
lm): O
,: O
the: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
posterior: O
commissure,: O
and: O
particularly: O
the: O
extraocular: O
motor: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
indicate: O
that: O
the: O
projection: O
fields: O
of: O
infralimbic: O
area(IL): O
,: O
in: O
contrast: O
to: O
those: O
of: O
prelimbic: O
area(PL): O
,: O
are: O
restricted: O
almost: O
exclusively: O
to: O
limbic: O
structures.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Putative: O
functions: O
of: O
the: O
various: O
neuromodulator: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
intergeniculate: O
leaflet(IGL): O
to: O
pretectum: B-Individual_protein
or: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCN): O
are: O
discussed.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
tritiated: O
leucine: O
into: O
different: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
(SN): O
revealed: O
that: O
the: O
medial: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
magnocellular: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
anterior: O
(VAmc): O
and: O
mediodorsal: O
(MDmc): O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus: O
while: O
the: O
lateral: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
more: O
lateral: O
and: O
more: O
posterior: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
VAmc,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
paralaminar,: B-Individual_protein
parvicellular,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
densocellular: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
nucleus: O
(MDmf,: O
MDpc,: O
and: O
MDdc).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

nucleus: O
magnocellularis(NM): O
projects: O
tonotopically: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
dendrites: O
of: O
ipsilateral: O
nucleus: O
laminaris(NL): O
neurons: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
dendrites: O
of: O
contralateral: O
nucleus: O
laminaris(NL): O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Tectal: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
projecting: O
on: O
is: O
composed: O
of: O
the: O
pars: O
parvocellularis(Ipc): O
possess: O
"shepherd's: O
crook": O
axons: O
and: O
radial: O
dendritic: O
fields: O
in: O
layers: O
2-13.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Previous: O
reports: O
on: O
the: O
rat: O
and: O
monkey: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
have: O
revealed: O
a: O
dense: O
noradrenergic: O
innervation: O
within: O
the: O
hypothalamic: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
as: O
assessed: O
by: O
dopamine-beta-hydroxylase: O
immunohistochemistry.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
electron: O
microscopic: O
analysis: O
of: O
striatal: O
regions: O
containing: O
both: O
anterogradely: O
labelled: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
and: O
retrogradely: O
labelled: O
cells: O
revealed: O
that: O
terminals: O
from: O
the: O
centromedian: O
nucleus(CM): O
frequently: O
form: O
asymmetric: O
synapses: O
with: O
dendritic: O
shafts: O
and: O
spines: O
of: O
striato-GPi: O
cells: O
but: O
rarely: O
with: O
those: O
of: O
striato-GPe: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
examine: O
the: O
peripheral: O
innervation: O
patterns: O
of: O
individual: O
utricular: O
afferents: O
more: O
closely,: O
afferent: O
fibers: O
were: O
labeled: O
by: O
the: O
extracellular: O
injection: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP): O
into: O
the: O
vestibular: O
nerve: O
after: O
sectioning: O
the: O
vestibular: O
nerve: O
medial: O
to: O
Scarpa's: O
ganglion: O
to: O
allow: O
the: O
degeneration: O
of: O
sympathetic: O
and: O
efferent: O
fibers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Our: O
study: O
shows: O
that: O
the: O
fasciculus: O
retroflexus: O
is: O
composed: O
of: O
several: O
compact: O
separated: O
bundles: O
of: O
fibers: O
and: O
that: O
the: O
fibers: O
originating: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
habenular: O
nuclei: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus,: O
while: O
those: O
originating: O
from: O
the: O
ventral: O
habenular: O
nuclei: O
project: O
beyond: O
the: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus,: O
but: O
so: O
far: O
we: O
have: O
not: O
been: O
able: O
to: O
show: O
the: O
exact: O
site: O
of: O
their: O
termination.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
iontophoresis: O
of: O
Phaseolus: O
vulgaris: O
leucoagglutinin: O
into: O
the: O
medial: O
hyperstriatum: O
ventrale: O
(including: O
the: O
intermediate: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
hyperstriatum: O
ventrale(IMHV): O
): O
of: O
1-week-old: O
domestic: O
chicks,: O
anterogradely: O
labelled: O
fibers: O
were: O
observed: O
to: O
descend: O
through: O
the: O
medial: O
neostriatum: O
and: O
paleostriatum: B-Individual_protein
to: O
enter: O
the: O
archistriatum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
complex: O
and: O
nucleus: O
medullae: O
oblongatae: O
centralis: O
terminate: O
in: O
the: O
intermediate: O
and: O
medial: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
deep: O
mesencephalic: O
nucleus(DMN): O
,: O
whereas: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
contralateral: O
dentate: O
nucleus: O
terminate: O
mainly: O
in: O
its: O
lateral: O
part.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
purpose: O
of: O
this: O
study: O
was: O
to: O
determine: O
the: O
pattern: O
of: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
of: O
the: O
primary: O
motor: O
cortex: O
(MI): O
in: O
the: O
raccoon,: O
a: O
carnivore: O
species: O
noted: O
for: O
neural: O
specialization: O
of: O
sensorimotor: O
function.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Areas: O
PGm: O
and: O
PG,: B-Individual_protein
on: O
the: O
other: O
hand,: O
project: O
to: O
each: O
other,: O
to: O
the: O
cingulate: O
region,: O
to: O
the: O
caudalmost: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal: O
gyrus,: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
upper: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal: O
sulcus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Labeled: O
cell: O
bodies: O
and: O
developed: O
silver: O
grains: O
were: O
more: O
dense: O
in: O
ventralis: O
pars: O
lateralis(VL): O
than: O
in: O
centralis: O
pars: O
lateralis(CL): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

tyrosine: O
hydroxylase: O
immunoreactivity(THir): O
cerebrospinal: O
fluid-contacting: O
cells: O
were: O
also: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
most: O
caudal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
upper: O
cervical: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

While: O
significant: O
differences: O
characterize: O
the: O
source: O
of: O
afferents: O
to: O
reticularis: O
gigantocellularis(Rgc): O
and: O
nucleus: O
raphe: O
magnus(NRM): O
/: O
reticularis: O
magnocellularis(Rmc): O
,: O
there: O
is: O
little: O
to: O
distinguish: O
that: O
between: O
nucleus: O
raphe: O
magnus(NRM): O
and: O
reticularis: O
magnocellularis(Rmc): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
a: O
given: O
eccentricity,: O
receptive: O
field: O
size: O
in: O
V2: B-Individual_protein
is: O
larger: O
than: O
in: O
V1.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
distribution: O
of: O
degenerating: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
and: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
to: O
cingulate: O
cortex: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
is: O
analyzed.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Tectal: B-Individual_protein
injections: O
anterogradely: O
labeled: O
various: O
pretectal: O
nuclei: O
bilaterally,: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
ipsilaterally: O
the: O
dorsal: O
preglomerular: O
and: O
dorsal: O
posterior: O
thalamic: O
nuclei,: O
some: O
nuclei: O
in: O
the: O
torus: O
semicircularis,: O
the: O
dorsal: O
tegmental: O
nucleus,: O
nucleus: O
isthmi,: O
and,: O
again: O
bilaterally,: O
the: O
superior: O
reticular: O
formation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Appreciation: O
of: O
the: O
internal: O
order: O
of: O
the: O
transplants: O
makes: O
it: O
possible: O
to: O
investigate: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
and: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
afferent: O
pathways: O
using: O
physiological: O
techniques.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
organization: O
of: O
vestibulocerebellar: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
flocculonodular: O
and: O
adjacent: O
cortices: O
were: O
studied: O
in: O
Galago: O
using: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projection: O
zones: O
from: O
areas: O
17,: O
18,: O
and: O
19: O
overlap: O
with: O
the: O
zones: O
from: O
lateral: O
suprasylvian: O
areas(LSA): O
in: O
the: O
anterior: O
half: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
pons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
indicate: O
that: O
some: O
telencephalic: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
arise: O
from: O
levels: O
caudal: O
to: O
the: O
isthmus,: O
that: O
some: O
striatal: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
arise: O
from: O
a: O
level: O
between: O
the: O
isthmus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
caudal: O
border: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
that: O
a: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
striatum: O
arises: O
from: O
the: O
anterior: O
and/or: O
middle: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
thalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Inputs: O
from: O
the: O
amygdaloid: B-Individual_protein
and: O
extraamygdaloid: O
areas: O
terminate: O
in: O
various: O
divisions: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
present: O
study,: O
we: O
used: O
immunohistochemistry: O
and: O
in: O
situ: O
hybridization: O
histochemistry: O
to: O
examine: O
the: O
expression: O
of: O
Pituitary: B-Individual_protein
adenylate: O
cyclase-activating: O
polypeptide(PACAP): O
in: O
autonomic: O
and: O
sensory: O
ganglia: O
and: O
spinal: O
cord: O
of: O
rat: O
fetuses: O
at: O
embryonic: O
days: O
12-21: O
(E12-E21).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
synthesis: O
of: O
Pituitary: B-Individual_protein
adenylate: O
cyclase-activating: O
polypeptide(PACAP): O
in: O
neuronal: O
cell: O
bodies: O
was: O
confirmed: O
by: O
the: O
demonstration: O
of: O
Pituitary: B-Individual_protein
adenylate: O
cyclase-activating: O
polypeptide(PACAP): O
mRNA: O
with: O
in: O
situ: O
hybridization: O
histochemistry.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
observations,: O
together: O
with: O
the: O
broadly: O
similar: O
maturational: O
appearance: O
of: O
histological: O
sections: O
of: O
rostral: O
and: O
caudal: O
spinal: O
cord,: O
suggest: O
that,: O
unlike: O
the: O
limbs: O
they: O
innervate,: O
the: O
spinal: O
regions: O
do: O
not: O
exhibit: O
a: O
large: O
rostrocaudal: O
gradient: O
in: O
their: O
maturation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
posterior: O
lateral: O
line: O
lobe(PLLL): O
projection: O
to: O
nucleus: O
praeeminentialis: O
dorsalis(n.P.d.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Our: O
results: O
indicate: O
that: O
the: O
striatal: B-Individual_protein
somatostatin/: O
avian: O
pancreatic: O
polypeptide(APP): O
/: O
nicotinamide: O
adenine: O
dinucleotide: O
phosphate(NADPH): O
-diaphorase: O
neurons: O
occur: O
throughout: O
the: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
have: O
long,: O
aspiny: O
dendrites,: O
oval,: O
invaginated: O
nuclei: O
with: O
prominent: O
nucleoli,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
receive: O
few: O
axosomatic: O
contacts.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

As: O
these: O
fibers: O
from: O
the: O
dmnX: O
area: O
postrema(ap): O
proach: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
aspect: O
of: O
the: O
medulla: O
they: O
are: O
joined: O
by: O
axons: O
from: O
the: O
nucleus: O
ambiguus: O
(nA),: O
nucleus: O
retroambigualis: O
(nRA): O
and: O
the: O
retrofacial: O
nucleus: O
(nRF).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Similar: O
results: O
were: O
found: O
for: O
a: O
few: O
injections: O
made: O
in: O
the: O
organum: O
vasculosum: O
of: O
the: O
lamina: O
terminalis,: O
just: O
rostral: O
to: O
the: O
median: O
preoptic: O
nucleus(MnPo): O
,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
immediately: O
adjacent: O
periventricular: O
preoptic: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
pre-piriform: O
and: O
piriform: O
cortices,: O
the: O
pyramidal: O
cell: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus: O
were: O
heavily: O
stained.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neonatal: O
ablation: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
cholinergic: O
projection: O
neurons,: O
accompanied: O
by: O
extensive: O
bilateral: O
cholinergic: O
denervation: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
neocortex,: B-Individual_protein
was: O
produced: O
at: O
postnatal: O
day: O
(PD): O
4: O
by: O
192: O
immunoglobulin: O
(IgG)-saporin: O
intraventricularly.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
reinnervating: O
fibers: O
restored: O
tissue: O
choline: O
acetyltransferase: O
activity: O
(up: O
to: O
50%: O
of: O
normal): O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
hippocampus: O
and: O
the: O
parietooccipital: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Immature: O
substance: O
P(SP): O
-positive: O
cells: O
initially: O
appear: O
at: O
embryonic: O
day: O
12: O
(E12): O
in: O
the: O
epithalamus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
in: O
a: O
column: O
of: O
cells: O
extending: O
from: O
the: O
myelencephalon: O
throughout: O
the: O
length: O
of: O
the: O
neural: O
tube.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

During: O
that: O
developmental: O
period,: O
nerve: O
growth: O
factor(NGF): O
deprivation: O
for: O
3: O
days,: O
induced: O
by: O
application: O
of: O
anti-: O
nerve: O
growth: O
factor(NGF): O
antibody,: O
resulted: O
in: O
degeneration: O
of: O
over: O
80%: O
of: O
basal: O
forebrain(BF): O
CNs,: O
whereas: O
at: O
earlier: O
or: O
later: O
times,: O
basal: O
forebrain(BF): O
CNs: O
were: O
largely: O
resistant: O
to: O
nerve: O
growth: O
factor(NGF): O
deprivation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Some: O
labeled: O
axons: O
continue: O
through: O
the: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis: O
into: O
the: O
stria: O
itself,: O
and: O
hence: O
to: O
the: O
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
where: O
they: O
join: O
other: O
fibers: O
which: O
follow: O
a: O
ventral: O
amygdalopetal: O
route: O
from: O
the: O
lateral: O
hypothalamic: O
area: O
and: O
ventral: O
supraoptic: O
commissure.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ventral: O
supraoptic: O
commissure: O
fibers: O
leave: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
closely: O
applied: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
edges: O
of: O
the: O
two: O
optic: O
tracts.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
we: O
have: O
not: O
been: O
able: O
to: O
find: O
evidence: O
for: O
a: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus(VMH): O
to: O
the: O
median: O
eminence.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Raphe: O
nuclei: O
are: O
clustered: O
in: O
inferior: O
and: O
superior: O
cell: O
groups,: O
but: O
within: O
these: O
groups: O
individual: O
nuclei: O
can: O
be: O
identified:: O
raphe: O
pallidus,: O
raphe: O
obscurus,: O
and: O
raphe: O
magnus: O
in: O
the: O
inferior: O
group: O
and: O
raphe: O
pontis,: O
raphe: O
dorsalis,: O
raphe: O
centralis: O
superior,: O
and: O
raphe: O
linearis: O
in: O
the: O
superior: O
group.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
conclude: O
that: O
the: O
dominant: O
organizational: O
features: O
of: O
the: O
tree: O
shrew: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(LGN): O
are: O
the: O
ON-center,: O
OFF-center,: O
and: O
W: O
pairs: O
of: O
layers: O
that: O
project: O
to: O
different: O
regions: O
within: O
the: O
striate: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
entire: O
trajectories: O
of: O
single: O
olivocerebellar: O
axons: O
and: O
single: O
terminal: O
arbors: O
of: O
climbing: O
fibers: O
were: O
reconstructed: O
from: O
serial: O
sections: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
medulla.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
used: O
an: O
antibody: O
directed: O
against: O
a: O
synthetic: O
peptide: O
representing: O
a: O
putative: O
extracellular: O
domain: O
of: O
neutral: O
and: O
basic: O
amino: O
acid: O
transporter(NBAT): O
to: O
determine: O
whether: O
this: O
transporter: O
was: O
also: O
present: O
in: O
other: O
endocrine: O
and: O
neural: O
tissues,: O
including: O
rat: O
adrenal: O
gland,: O
brainstem,: O
and: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Either: O
cell: O
bodies: O
or: O
primary: O
dendrites: O
emit: O
an: O
"axon-like": O
process: O
that,: O
typically,: O
divides: O
into: O
two: O
long,: O
fine: O
processes,: O
which: O
run: O
in: O
opposite: O
directions: O
for: O
hundreds: O
of: O
micrometers: O
in: O
S5: O
and: O
S3: B-Individual_protein
before: O
disappearing: O
as: O
distinct: O
entities: O
in: O
the: O
stained: O
plexus: O
in: O
S3.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Additional,: O
previously: O
undescribed: O
projections: O
of: O
jaw-muscle: O
spindle: O
afferents: O
were: O
found: O
to: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
caudal: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
subnucleus: O
oralis: O
(Vodm),: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
subnucleus: O
interpolaris: O
(Vidm),: O
the: O
caudal: O
parvicellular: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
laminae: O
IV: O
and: O
V: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
subnucleus: O
caudalis: O
(Vc),: O
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
medullary: O
reticular: O
field.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
distribution: O
of: O
premotor: O
neurons: O
for: O
trigeminal: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
neurons: O
innervating: O
the: O
jaw-closing: O
and: O
jaw-opening: O
muscles: O
was: O
examined: O
in: O
the: O
lower: O
brainstem: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
by: O
using: O
retrograde: O
and: O
anterograde: O
labeling: O
techniques.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
second: O
system--the: O
lateral-basomedial--collects: O
and: O
combines: O
input: O
from: O
a: O
number: O
of: O
sensory: O
modalities: O
and: O
distributes: O
it: O
to: O
the: O
same: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
and: O
hypothalamic: O
areas: O
as: O
the: O
corticomedial.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
findings: O
also: O
indicate: O
that: O
the: O
medial: O
terminal: O
nucleus(MTN): O
has: O
a: O
small: O
bilateral,: O
but: O
mainly: O
ipsilateral,: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cap,: O
its: O
ventrolateral: O
outgrowth,: O
and: O
the: O
B: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
olivary: O
complex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

paranigralis): O
and: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
(pars: O
compacta: O
and: O
pars: O
reticulata): O
project: O
to: O
many: O
brain: O
stem: O
targets: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
terminal: O
nucleus(MTN): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
insula: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
in: O
lateral: O
orbital: O
and: O
temporopolar: O
areas,: O
the: O
agranular: O
sector: O
is: O
directly: O
contiguous: O
with: O
prepiriform: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Purkinje: O
cell: O
counts: O
revealed: O
that: O
the: O
midline: O
vermal: O
region: O
is: O
the: O
most: O
affected: O
area: O
in: O
the: O
cerebellum: B-Individual_protein
in: O
weaver(wv/+): O
+: O
and: O
weaver(wv/+): O
wv: O
whereas: O
counts: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
hemisphere: O
are: O
near: O
normal.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
stage: O
60,: O
when: O
binocular: O
overlap: O
begins,: O
isthmotectal: O
axons: O
are: O
visible: O
throughout: O
the: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
but: O
are: O
densely: O
branched: O
only: O
at: O
the: O
rostral: O
tectal: O
margin,: O
the: O
location: O
where: O
they: O
are: O
predicted: O
to: O
occur: O
on: O
the: O
basis: O
of: O
electrophysiological: O
maps.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Moreover,: O
the: O
claustrum: B-Individual_protein
has: O
additional: O
connections: O
which: O
it: O
does: O
not: O
share: O
with: O
the: O
insula.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
topography: O
is: O
described: O
for: O
the: O
limbic: O
reticulo-thalamic: O
connections,: O
suggesting: O
that: O
the: O
rostral: O
thalamic: O
reticular: O
nucleus(TRN): O
is: O
able: O
to: O
influence: O
circumscribed: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
limbic: O
thalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

All: O
injections: O
into: O
the: O
lateral: O
mesencephalic: O
tegmental: O
region(LTR): O
traced: O
afferents: O
from: O
the: O
vestibular: O
nuclei: O
and: O
from: O
the: O
nucleus: O
prepositus: O
hypoglossi.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
examined: O
the: O
developmental: O
changes: O
of: O
glial: O
cell: O
organization: O
in: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
of: O
embryonic: O
and: O
neonatal: O
hamsters: O
in: O
reference: O
to: O
the: O
known: O
sequence: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
axon: O
ingrowth: O
and: O
arborization: O
in: O
the: O
midbrain.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
localizing: O
the: O
two: O
GABA-producing: O
forms: O
of: O
glutamate: O
decarboxylase: O
(GAD65: O
and: O
GAD67): O
in: O
the: O
normal: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
as: O
a: O
prelude: O
to: O
experimental: O
epilepsy: O
studies,: O
we: O
unexpectedly: O
discovered: O
that,: O
in: O
addition: O
to: O
its: O
presence: O
in: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
nonprincipal: O
cells,: O
GAD67-like: O
immunoreactivity: O
(LI): O
was: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
excitatory: O
axons: O
(the: O
mossy: O
fibers): O
of: O
normal: O
dentate: B-Individual_protein
granule: O
cells: O
of: O
rats,: O
mice,: O
and: O
the: O
monkey: O
Macaca: O
nemestrina.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Despite: O
prolonged: O
excitation,: O
normally: O
GAD-: O
and: O
GABA-negative: O
dentate: O
hilar: O
neurons: O
and: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
pyramidal: O
cells: O
remained: O
immunonegative.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurochemical: O
analysis: O
of: O
the: O
microdissected: O
dentate: O
gyrus: O
and: O
area: O
CA1: O
determined: O
whether: O
changes: O
in: O
GAD-: O
and: O
GABA-: O
GAD67-like: O
immunoreactivity(LI): O
reflect: O
changes: O
in: O
the: O
concentrations: O
of: O
chemically: O
identified: O
GAD: O
and: O
GABA.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cholinergic: O
vs.: O
noncholinergic: O
efferents: O
from: O
the: O
mesopontine: O
tegmentum: O
to: O
the: O
extrapyramidal: O
motor: O
system: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
rat: O
pedunculopontine: O
tegmental: O
nucleus(PPTn): O
is: O
cytologically: O
distinct: O
from: O
a: O
group: O
of: O
smaller,: O
noncholinergic: O
neurons: O
that: O
are: O
medially: O
adjacent: O
to: O
the: O
pedunculopontine: O
tegmental: O
nucleus(PPTn): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Numerous: O
labeled: O
fibers: O
were: O
detected: O
in: O
the: O
contralateral: O
striatum: O
of: O
thermocoagulatory-lesioned: O
but: O
not: O
aspiration-lesioned: O
or: O
control: O
animals,: O
suggesting: O
that: O
contralateral: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
may: O
undergo: O
axonal: O
sprouting: O
in: O
the: O
denervated: O
striatum: O
following: O
a: O
thermocoagulatory: O
lesion: O
of: O
the: O
cortex.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Cell: O
death: O
in: O
the: O
developing: O
rat: O
inferior: O
olive: O
precedes: O
the: O
regression: O
of: O
the: O
polyneuronal: O
innervation: O
of: O
Purkinje: O
cells: O
by: O
olivary: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
(i.e.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Remodeling: O
of: O
lesioned: O
kitten: O
visual: O
cortex: O
after: O
xenotransplantation: O
of: O
fetal: O
mouse: O
neopallium.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Thalamocortical: O
terminals: O
labeled: O
by: O
injecting: O
biotinylated: O
dextran: O
amine(BDA): O
into: O
the: O
ventroposterolateral: O
nucleus: O
(VPL): O
were: O
observed: O
primarily: O
in: O
layer: O
IV: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
aspect: O
of: O
the: O
normotopic: O
somatosensory: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
suggest: O
that: O
within: O
the: O
C1: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
rostroventrolateralis(RVL): B-Individual_protein
,: O
corticotropin-releasing: O
factor(CRF): O
released: O
from: O
terminals,: O
arising: O
predominantly: O
from: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus(PVN): O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
probably: O
from: O
local: O
neurons: O
as: O
well,: O
may: O
excite: O
sympathoexcitatory: O
reticulospinal: B-Individual_protein
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Brainstem: B-Individual_protein
to: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
emergence: O
of: O
cellular: O
aggregations.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
main: O
body: O
of: O
labeled: O
MCN: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
was: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
1.25: O
mm: O
immediately: O
rostral: O
to: O
the: O
obex,: O
there: O
forming: O
a: O
recognizable: O
subnucleus: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
MCN.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus: O
neurogenesis: O
was: O
complete: O
in: O
the: O
medullary: O
auditory: O
nuclei: O
before: O
that: O
in: O
the: O
midbrain: O
commenced,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
before: O
that: O
in: O
the: O
auditory: O
cortex: O
commenced.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
all: O
animals,: O
a: O
majority: O
of: O
luteinizing: O
hormone-releasing: O
hormone(LHRH): O
neurons: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
area: O
adjacent: O
to: O
the: O
organum: O
vasculosum: O
of: O
the: O
lamina: O
terminalis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
group: O
1: O
animals,: O
all: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
paraventricular,: B-Individual_protein
supraoptic,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
accessory: O
nuclei,: O
and: O
many: O
parvicellular: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
periventricular: O
region: O
(RPR): O
were: O
labeled: O
with: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin(WGA): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
fields: O
of: O
Forel,: O
suprarubral: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
and: O
interstitial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Cajal: O
appeared: O
to: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
caudal: O
half: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
accessory: O
olive,: O
the: O
medial: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
outgrowth,: O
the: O
rostral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cap,: O
and: O
the: O
caudal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
accessory: O
olive.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Almost: O
all: O
isthmic: O
cells: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
were: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
area: O
of: O
thick: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Rather,: O
the: O
entorhinal: B-Individual_protein
efferents: O
were: O
carried: O
in: O
the: O
inferior: O
thalamic: O
peduncle: O
to: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
medialis: O
dorsalis,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
internal: O
capsule: O
and: O
bundle: O
of: O
Arnold: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
pulvinar: O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
lateralis: O
dorsalis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
vestibular: O
nuclei: O
were: O
found: O
that: O
provide: O
the: O
anatomical: O
basis: O
for: O
head: O
velocity: O
signals: O
recorded: O
in: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
tegmenti: O
pontis(NRTP): O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
tegmenti: O
pontis(NRTP): O
c: O
is: O
located: O
dorsal: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
lemniscus: O
and: O
pyramidal: O
tracts: O
over: O
the: O
caudal: O
two-thirds: O
of: O
the: O
pons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
rat: O
accessory: O
optic: O
system: O
consisted: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
fasciculus,: O
the: O
superior: O
fasciculus,: O
the: O
medial: O
terminal: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
lateral: O
terminal: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
terminal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
remaining: O
fibers: O
from: O
the: O
inferior: O
fasciculus: O
further: O
proceeded: O
dorsocaudally: O
on: O
the: O
surface: O
of: O
the: O
cerebral: O
peduncle: O
and: O
left: O
the: O
inferior: O
fasciculus: O
at: O
various: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
cerebral: O
peduncle: O
to: O
be: O
mixed: O
up: O
with: O
the: O
fibers: O
from: O
the: O
superior: O
faciculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

For: O
example,: O
in: O
man: O
the: O
lateral: O
vestibular: O
nucleus: O
differs: O
somewhat: O
from: O
the: O
general: O
pattern,: O
especially: O
in: O
its: O
position,: O
and: O
the: O
small: O
group: O
f,: O
fusing: O
with: O
the: O
descending: O
nucleus,: O
appears: O
to: O
be: O
indistinct;: O
likewise: O
the: O
group: O
y.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin-horseradish: O
peroxidase(WGA-HRP): O
injection: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Darkschewitsch(ND): O
,: O
dense: O
terminal: O
labelling: O
was: O
seen: O
ipsilaterally: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
half: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
accessory: O
olive,: O
suggesting: O
that: O
there: O
may: O
be: O
a: O
certain: O
degree: O
of: O
mediolateral: O
and: O
dorsoventral: O
topographic: O
correspondance: O
within: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Darkschewitsch(ND): O
-olive: O
projection.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Ultrastructure: O
of: O
the: O
synaptic: O
terminals: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
giant: O
serotonin-IR: O
neuron: O
and: O
deutocerebral: O
commissure: O
interneurons: O
in: O
the: O
accessory: O
and: O
olfactory: O
lobes: O
of: O
the: O
crayfish.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

With: O
the: O
antisense: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase: O
RNA,: O
silver: O
grains: O
were: O
found: O
over: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
pars: O
compacta: O
and: O
adjacent: O
A10: O
and: O
A8: O
dopaminergic: O
cell: O
groups.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Auditory: O
cortex: O
of: O
macaque: O
monkeys: O
can: O
be: O
divided: O
into: O
a: O
core: O
of: O
primary: O
or: O
primary-like: O
areas: O
located: O
on: O
the: O
lower: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
sulcus,: O
a: O
surrounding: O
narrow: O
belt: O
of: O
associated: O
fields,: O
and: O
a: O
parabelt: O
region: O
just: O
lateral: O
to: O
the: O
belt: O
on: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal: O
gyrus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
demonstrate: O
that: O
the: O
long: O
association: O
pathways: O
interconnecting: O
the: O
frontal,: O
parietal,: O
and: O
temporal: O
neocortex: O
have: O
a: O
high: O
representation: O
of: O
neurofilament: O
protein-enriched: O
pyramidal: O
neurons: O
(45-90%),: O
whereas: O
short: O
corticocortical,: O
callosal,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
limbic: B-Individual_protein
pathways: O
are: O
characterized: O
by: O
much: O
lower: O
numbers: O
of: O
such: O
neurons: O
(4-35%).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
there: O
was: O
extensive: O
PRL-R: O
immunoreactivity: O
throughout: O
the: O
globus: O
pallidus: O
and: O
ventral: O
pallidum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
three: O
dimensional: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
dendritic: O
trees: O
of: O
pyramidal: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
was: O
investigated: O
using: O
intracellular: O
injection: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
in: O
the: O
in: O
vitro: O
hippocampal: O
slice: O
preparation: O
and: O
computer-aided: O
reconstruction.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
localization: O
was: O
compared: O
with: O
that: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis: O
(BNST),: O
the: O
major: O
efferent: O
pathway: O
from: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
which: O
has: O
a: O
more: O
pronounced: O
involvement: O
in: O
autonomic: O
function.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
distribution: O
of: O
retinoid: O
receptors: O
and: O
binding: O
proteins: O
in: O
the: O
olfactory: O
epithelium(oe): O
changes: O
between: O
embryonic: O
days: O
11.5: O
and: O
13.5,: O
the: O
period: O
when: O
olfactory: O
receptor: O
neurons(ORNs): O
first: O
differentiate: O
and: O
send: O
axons: O
into: O
the: O
nascent: O
olfactory: O
nerve.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

retinoic: O
acid(RA): O
d: O
olfactory: O
epithelium(oe): O
s: O
not: O
modify: O
growth: O
on: O
fibronectin,: O
type: O
IV: O
collagen,: O
or: O
L1,: O
which: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
encounter: O
in: O
different: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
territory: O
between: O
the: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
epithelium: O
and: O
the: O
brain.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

VGLUT3: O
is: O
transiently: O
expressed: O
at: O
high: O
levels: O
by: O
select: O
neuronal: O
populations,: O
including: O
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei,: O
scattered: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
cortex,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
progenitor-like: O
cells,: O
implicating: O
exocytotic: O
glutamate: O
release: O
in: O
morphogenesis: O
and: O
development.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Administration: O
of: O
the: O
Nitric: O
oxide(NO): O
S: O
inhibitor: O
L-NAME: O
did: O
not: O
affect: O
cell: O
proliferation: O
in: O
the: O
subventricular: O
zone(SVZ): O
or: O
in: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb(OB): O
of: O
postnatal: O
mice,: O
whereas: O
it: O
significantly: O
enhanced: O
the: O
number: O
of: O
mitotic: O
cells: O
in: O
both: O
regions: O
in: O
adults.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Of: O
the: O
total: O
number: O
of: O
norepinephrine: O
neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
nerve,: O
68%: O
were: O
observed: O
within: O
the: O
A7: O
cell: O
group;: O
75%: O
of: O
those: O
innervating: O
the: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
facial: O
nerve: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
A5: O
cell: O
group,: O
and: O
65%: O
of: O
those: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
nucleus: O
pars: O
interpolaris: O
were: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
locus: O
ceruleus: O
and: O
subceruleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Tangential: O
and: O
vertical: O
connections: O
were: O
defined: O
with: O
respect: O
to: O
the: O
cytoarchitectonic: O
divisions: O
within: O
the: O
rat: O
SI,: O
specifically:: O
(1): O
the: O
"granular: O
zones": O
(GZs),: O
characterized: O
by: O
their: O
dense: O
layer: O
IV: O
granular: O
aggregates,: O
which: O
receive: O
the: O
majority: O
of: O
direct: O
ventroposterior: O
(VP): O
thalamocortical: O
terminations,: O
(2): O
the: O
"perigranular: O
zones": O
(P: O
"granular: O
zones"(GZs): O
),: O
the: O
less-granular: O
cortical: O
matrix: O
just: O
surrounding: O
the: O
"granular: O
zones"(GZs): O
,: O
and: O
(3): O
the: O
"dysgranular: O
zones": O
(DZs),: O
the: O
larger: O
dysgranular: O
regions: O
lying: O
centrally: O
within: O
and: O
just: O
lateral: O
to: O
the: O
SI.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

medial: O
precentral: O
and: O
anterior: O
cingulate: O
(PrCm/AC): O
cortices,: O
the: O
proposed: O
frontal: O
eye: O
field: O
(FEF): O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
common: O
with: O
that: O
of: O
other: O
animals,: O
the: O
inferior: O
olivary: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
consists: O
of: O
three: O
subdivisions:: O
the: O
medial: O
accessory: O
olive: O
(MAO),: O
dorsal: O
accessory: O
olive: O
(DAO),: O
and: O
principal: O
olive: O
(PO).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
principal: O
olive: O
contains: O
the: O
two: O
familiar: O
lamellae:: O
dorsal: O
and: O
ventral: O
lamellae,: O
each: O
of: O
which: O
projects: O
to: O
a: O
specific: O
sagittal: O
strip: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
cerebellum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
same: O
cells: O
were: O
tested: O
for: O
antidromic: O
activation: O
from: O
the: O
contralateral: O
neocortex: O
and: O
for: O
orthodromic: O
responses: O
to: O
stimulation: O
of: O
neocortex: B-Individual_protein
of: O
the: O
contralateral: O
hemisphere: O
or: O
ipsilateral: O
rostral: O
thalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

All: O
injections: O
produced: O
labeled: O
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
caudate: O
(Cd),: O
especially: O
the: O
caudate(Cd): O
tail: O
and: O
the: O
adjacent: O
ventral: O
posterior: O
Pu.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Dual: O
injections: O
of: O
different: O
tracers: O
revealed: O
overlapping: O
projections: O
with: O
interdigitated: O
strands: O
of: O
striatal: B-Individual_protein
terminations: O
from: O
separate: O
regions: O
of: O
parafascicular: O
nucleus(Pf): O
as: O
well: O
as: O
the: O
posteromedial: O
to: O
anterolateral: O
topographic: O
gradient: O
of: O
increasing: O
parafascicular: O
nucleus(Pf): O
projections: O
to: O
Pu.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
pattern: O
of: O
corticocortical: O
connections: O
between: O
these: O
and: O
adjoining: O
fields: O
suggests: O
that: O
the: O
anteromedial,: O
lateral,: O
and: O
posteromedial: O
fields: O
represent: O
first: O
steps: O
in: O
three: O
streams: O
of: O
connections: O
passing: O
outward: O
from: O
auditory: O
into: O
association: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Macaca: O
fuscata(M.: O
fuscata): O
has: O
an: O
unusually: O
large: O
auditory: O
cortex: O
that: O
is: O
more: O
deeply: O
placed: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
sulcus: O
in: O
comparison: O
to: O
that: O
of: O
M.: O
fascicularis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
posterodorsal: O
nucleus: O
has: O
approximately: O
equal: O
proportions: O
of: O
parvalbumin: O
and: O
calbindin: O
cells;: O
neuropil: O
staining: O
is: O
weak: O
but: O
contains: O
terminations: O
of: O
calbindin-immunoreactive: O
fibers: O
ascending: O
in: O
the: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
tegmentum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
to: O
the: O
olfactory: O
cortex: O
was: O
formed: O
early: O
in: O
regeneration: O
and: O
was: O
maintained: O
to: O
some: O
degree: O
for: O
periods: O
up: O
to: O
39: O
weeks.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

From: O
days: O
30: O
through: O
51,: O
gonadotropin-releasing: O
hormone(GnRH): O
neurons: O
were: O
seen: O
emerging: O
from: O
the: O
epithelium,: O
along: O
the: O
olfactory: O
nerve,: O
and: O
at: O
the: O
rostral: O
olfactory: O
bulb.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Relatively: O
few: O
fibers: O
innervate: O
the: O
more: O
medially: O
located: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
vertical: O
limb: O
of: O
the: O
diagonal: O
band: O
(NVDB): O
and: O
the: O
medial: O
septal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Knockout: O
of: O
the: O
Nkx2.1: O
(Titf-1): O
homeobox: O
gene: O
in: O
the: O
mouse: O
leads: O
to: O
severe: O
malformation: O
and: O
size: O
reduction: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
telencephalon/preoptic: O
area: O
and: O
basal: O
hypothalamus,: O
indicating: O
an: O
important: O
role: O
of: O
this: O
gene: O
in: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
patterning.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
both: O
species: O
Nkx2.1: O
is: O
expressed: O
in: O
the: O
basal: O
telencephalon/preoptic: O
area: O
and: O
basal: O
hypothalamus,: O
but: O
in: O
Xenopus: O
this: O
gene: O
is: O
additionally: O
expressed: O
in: O
the: O
alar: O
hypothalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
anterior: O
and: O
posterior: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus(PVT): O
were: O
found: O
to: O
send: O
a: O
dense: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
pretectal: O
nuclei: O
involved: O
can: O
be: O
demonstrated: O
with: O
acetylcholinesterase: O
histochemistry: O
selectively: O
and: O
reliably: O
in: O
different: O
species: O
of: O
teleosts,: O
suggesting: O
that: O
the: O
same-named: O
nuclei: O
are: O
homologous: O
in: O
representatives: O
of: O
the: O
three: O
different: O
patterns.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
effects: O
of: O
a: O
30: O
day: O
period: O
of: O
environmental: O
diversity: O
on: O
well-fed: O
and: O
previously: O
undernourished: O
rats:: O
neuronal: O
and: O
synaptic: O
measures: O
in: O
the: O
visual: O
cortex: O
(area: O
17).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

HSP25: O
itself: O
does: O
not: O
appear: O
to: O
be: O
critical: O
for: O
normal: O
patterning,: O
however:: O
in: O
the: O
KJR: O
mouse,: O
which: O
does: O
not: O
express: O
cerebellar: O
HSP25,: O
Sst28: O
expression: O
appears: O
to: O
be: O
normal.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Organization: O
of: O
efferent: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
spinal: O
cervical: O
enlargement: O
to: O
the: O
medullary: O
subnucleus: O
reticularis: O
dorsalis: O
and: O
the: O
adjacent: O
cuneate: O
nucleus:: O
a: O
PHA-L: O
study: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Furthermore,: O
our: O
data: O
suggest: O
that: O
both: O
the: O
postolfactory: O
eminence: O
and: O
the: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
pallial: O
commissure: O
are: O
not: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
septal: O
complex,: O
rather,: O
the: O
postolfactory: O
eminence: O
seems: O
to: O
be: O
comparable: O
to: O
the: O
mammalian: O
primary: O
olfactory: O
cortex,: O
whereas: O
the: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
may: O
be: O
analogous: O
to: O
the: O
mammalian: O
subfornical: O
organ.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

No: O
signal: O
for: O
neurogranin: O
mRNA: O
was: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
basal: O
ganglia: O
regions: O
outside: O
the: O
neostriatum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Other: O
areas: O
projecting: O
to: O
striate: O
cortex: O
include: O
claustrum,: B-Individual_protein
pulvinar,: O
nucleus: O
paracentralis,: O
raphé: O
system,: O
locus: O
coeruleus,: O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
basalis: O
of: O
Meynert.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cells: O
of: O
the: O
latter: O
were: O
particularly: O
striking: O
with: O
their: O
very: O
heavy: O
uptake: O
of: O
Horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
,: O
and,: O
even: O
in: O
cases: O
of: O
minimal: O
effective: O
injection,: O
were: O
scattered: O
throughout: O
an: O
extensive: O
area: O
from: O
the: O
posterior: O
edge: O
of: O
the: O
globus: O
pallidus: O
passing: O
rostrally: O
beyond: O
the: O
chiasm: B-Individual_protein
and: O
into: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
diagonal: O
band.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
somatic: O
sensory: O
area(SI): O
,: O
labeled: O
cells: O
are: O
found: O
primarily: O
in: O
a: O
cytoarchitecturally: O
distinct: O
region: O
called: O
the: O
dysgranular: O
field: O
of: O
somatic: O
sensory: O
area(SI): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Computer-assisted: O
analysis: O
of: O
the: O
data: O
further: O
suggested: O
that: O
neocortical: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
locus: O
coeruleus(LC): O
are: O
loosely: O
organized: O
into: O
two: O
groups: O
which: O
run: O
rostrocaudally: O
through: O
the: O
core: O
of: O
the: O
caudal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
zone: O
of: O
labeling: O
resulting: O
from: O
injections: O
confined: O
to: O
the: O
neocortical: O
gray: O
matter: O
overlapped: O
with: O
but: O
was: O
not: O
coextensive: O
with: O
that: O
observed: O
following: O
injections: O
into: O
the: O
caudate,: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
cerebellum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
second: O
and: O
third: O
postnatal: O
weeks,: O
although: O
the: O
terminal: O
arbors: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
presynaptic: O
to: O
geniculate: B-Individual_protein
cells: O
have: O
already: O
attained: O
their: O
final: O
topography: O
and: O
laminar: O
placement,: O
the: O
shape: O
and: O
synaptic: O
relations: O
of: O
axon: O
terminal: O
swellings: O
remain: O
immature: O
(Mason,: O
'82a,b): O
through: O
the: O
most: O
active: O
phase: O
of: O
dendritic: O
outgrowth.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurons: O
of: O
the: O
deep: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei: O
and: O
the: O
rostral: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
vestibular: O
nucleus: O
were: O
negative: O
for: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid: O
transaminase(GABA-T): O
but: O
were: O
surrounded: O
by: O
granular: O
staining: O
indicative: O
of: O
impinging: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid: O
transaminase(GABA-T): O
-rich: O
nerve: O
endings.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Light: O
microscopic: O
studies: O
in: O
our: O
laboratory: O
have: O
indicated: O
that: O
the: O
lateral: O
septum,: O
amygdala,: O
and: O
ventral: O
subiculum: O
project: O
in: O
a: O
perinuclear: O
fashion: O
to: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
(PVN),: O
supraoptic: O
(SON),: O
and: O
suprachiasmatic: O
(SCN): O
nuclei: O
(Oldfield: O
et: O
al.,: O
'82;: O
Silverman: O
and: O
Oldfield,: O
'84).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
observations: O
help: O
clarify: O
an: O
apparent: O
discrepancy: O
between: O
electrophysiological: O
data,: O
in: O
which: O
limbic: B-Individual_protein
efferents: O
have: O
been: O
shown: O
to: O
influence: O
the: O
activity: O
of: O
vasopressin(VP): O
and: O
oxytocin(OX): O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
paraventricular(PVN): O
and: O
SON,: O
and: O
anatomical: O
evidence: O
which: O
indicates: O
only: O
a: O
perinuclear: O
innervation: O
from: O
these: O
sites: O
not: O
encroaching: O
on: O
the: O
hypothalamic: O
nuclei: O
themselves.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Evidence: O
was: O
obtained: O
that: O
the: O
Purkinje: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
hemispheres: O
derive: O
from: O
the: O
lateral: O
cerebellar: O
primordium: O
capping: O
the: O
lateral: O
recess: O
of: O
the: O
fourth: O
ventricle: O
anteriorly.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
young: O
Purkinje: O
cells: O
migrate: O
from: O
the: O
neuroepithelium: O
to: O
the: O
surface: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellum: B-Individual_protein
in: O
a: O
strictly: O
caudal-to-rostral: O
order,: O
paralleling: O
the: O
spread: O
of: O
the: O
EGL: O
superficially: O
from: O
posteroventral: O
to: O
anterodorsal.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
anterior: O
vermis: O
the: O
Purkinje: O
cells: O
of: O
lobulus: O
centralis,: O
which: O
follow: O
an: O
anterodorsal: O
migratory: O
course,: O
are: O
still: O
settling: O
on: O
day: O
E22,: O
7: O
days: O
after: O
their: O
production,: O
presumably: O
awaiting: O
the: O
fusion: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
base: O
anteriorly.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
trigeminal: O
main: O
sensory: O
nucleus,: O
pars: O
oralis,: O
the: O
rostral: O
three-fourths: O
of: O
pars: O
interpolaris,: O
and: O
an: O
extensive: O
midregion: O
of: O
pars: O
caudalis: O
were: O
totally: O
devoid: O
of: O
reaction: O
product.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Viewed: O
as: O
a: O
whole,: O
the: O
lateral: O
hypothalamic: O
area(LHA): O
is: O
therefore: O
well-suited: O
to: O
integrate: O
inputs: O
from: O
the: O
limbic: O
system: O
and: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
and: O
to: O
relay: O
them: O
on: O
the: O
one: O
hand: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
zone: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
on: O
the: O
other: O
to: O
virtually: O
every: O
structure: O
closely: O
associated: O
with: O
the: O
medial: O
forebrain: O
bundle: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
nuclei: O
of: O
origin: O
of: O
the: O
major: O
ascending: O
monoaminergic: O
systems.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
postulated: O
that: O
this: O
is: O
the: O
period: O
of: O
axonogenesis,: O
the: O
longitudinally: O
oriented: O
cells: O
issuing: O
efferents: O
that: O
join: O
the: O
superior: O
cerebellar: O
peduncle: O
ipsilaterally: O
and: O
the: O
transversely: O
oriented: O
cells: O
(representing: O
the: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
caudal: O
fastigial: O
nucleus): O
sending: O
decussating: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
uncinate: O
fasciculus: O
(the: O
hook: O
bundle: O
of: O
Russell).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
descent: O
of: O
the: O
deep: O
neurons: O
is: O
in: O
the: O
direction: O
of: O
the: O
fibers: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
cerebellar: O
peduncle,: O
which: O
becomes: O
distributed: O
throughout: O
the: O
cerebellum: B-Individual_protein
on: O
day: O
E17.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
postisthmal: O
cerebellar: O
primordium: O
caps: O
the: O
postisthmal: O
recess: O
of: O
the: O
fourth: O
ventricle: O
and: O
extends: O
to: O
the: O
medullary: O
fourth: O
ventricle.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
nuclear: O
transitory: O
zone: O
originate: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
cerebellar: O
primordium: O
near: O
the: O
junction: O
with: O
the: O
tela: O
choroidea: O
prior: O
to: O
the: O
formation: O
of: O
the: O
germinal: O
trigone: O
and: O
migrate: O
in: O
a: O
superficial: O
position: O
medially.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
peripheral: O
retina,: O
branching: O
of: O
large-field: O
amacrines: O
and: O
a: O
lower: O
number: O
of: O
bipolar: O
pathways: O
may: O
account: O
for: O
the: O
trend: O
for: O
larger: O
numbers: O
of: O
amacrine: O
synapses: O
in: O
strata: O
2: O
and: O
4.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
neurotensin: O
positive: O
fibers: O
are: O
dense: O
in: O
the: O
periventricular: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
entire: O
rostro-caudal: O
extent: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Sections: O
were: O
photographed: O
and: O
reconstructed: O
to: O
show: O
the: O
overall: O
distribution: O
of: O
corpus: O
callosum: O
projections,: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
the: O
locations: O
of: O
individual: O
corpus: O
callosum: O
axons: O
and: O
their: O
presumed: O
terminals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
distribution: O
of: O
corpus: O
callosum: O
projections,: O
examined: O
in: O
cortical: O
areas: O
17-19,: O
7,: O
and: O
posterior: O
medial: O
lateral: O
suprasylvian: O
cortex,: O
changes: O
significantly: O
during: O
development.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus,: O
a: O
substantial: O
number: O
of: O
elaborately: O
formed: O
transitory: O
corpus: O
callosum: O
axons,: O
distributed: O
throughout: O
visual: O
cortex,: O
exist: O
for: O
several: O
weeks: O
during: O
postnatal: O
development;: O
in: O
area: O
17,: O
these: O
axons: O
are: O
found: O
in: O
central: O
through: O
peripheral: O
visual: O
field: O
representations.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

vesicle: O
glutamate: O
transporters: O
1: O
and: O
2(VGLUT1): O
immunolabeling,: O
including: O
small: O
and: O
medium-sized: O
to: O
large: O
varicosities,: O
was: O
more: O
differentiated,: O
with: O
the: O
highest: O
density: O
in: O
the: O
deep: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
and: O
in: O
certain: O
nuclei: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
internal: O
basilar: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
central: O
cervical: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
column: O
of: O
Clarke.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
neuronal: O
loss: O
in: O
the: O
prefrontal: O
cortex: O
has: O
been: O
found: O
during: O
the: O
periadolescent: O
period,: O
prior: O
literature: O
has: O
not: O
examined: O
whether: O
neuron: O
number: O
in: O
the: O
basolateral: O
amygdala: O
is: O
stable: O
through: O
this: O
period.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Consistent: O
with: O
affinity: O
probe: O
binding,: O
we: O
show: O
that: O
EphB1,: O
EphB2,: O
and: O
EphB3: O
are: O
each: O
preferentially: O
expressed: O
on: O
decussated: O
segments: O
of: O
commissural: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
in: O
vivo: O
and: O
in: O
vitro,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
that: O
ephrin-B1: O
is: O
expressed: O
in: O
a: O
dorsal: O
domain: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
that: O
includes: O
the: O
roof: O
plate.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Perirhinal: O
and: O
postrhinal: O
cortices: O
of: O
the: O
rat:: O
interconnectivity: O
and: O
connections: O
with: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
perirhinal: O
cortex: O
is: O
preferentially: O
connected: O
with: O
the: O
rostrolateral: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
Fast: O
Blue: O
was: O
injected: O
into: O
the: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
on: O
one: O
side: O
and: O
Diamidino: O
Yellow: O
was: O
injected: O
contralaterally: O
into: O
the: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus,: O
100-200: O
ganglion: O
cells: O
in: O
each: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
were: O
double: O
labeled: O
with: O
both: O
tracers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
retrograde: O
tracers: O
into: O
the: O
facial: O
nucleus: O
consistently: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
hypoglossal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Reverse: O
experiments: O
-: O
injections: O
of: O
anterograde: O
tracers: O
into: O
the: O
hypoglossal: O
nucleus: O
-: O
labeled: O
fine: O
varicose: O
nerve: O
fiber: O
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
facial: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Hypoglossal: O
internuclear: O
interneurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
facial: O
nucleus,: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
those: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
parvocellular: O
reticular: O
formation: O
that: O
project: O
to: O
both: O
facial: O
and: O
hypoglossal: O
nuclei,: O
could: O
be: O
involved: O
in: O
oro-facial: O
coordination.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
areas: O
included: O
the: O
lateral: O
septum,: O
the: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis,: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
amygdaloid: O
nuclei,: O
the: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
area: O
(MPOA),: O
the: O
arcuate: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
hypothalamus,: O
and: O
the: O
periventricular: O
central: O
gray.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
facial: O
(VII): O
nucleus: O
(the: O
region: O
which: O
innervates: O
the: O
vibrissae: O
muscles): O
was: O
also: O
activated: O
possibly: O
via: O
excitatory,: O
trigeminal: O
(Sp5c,: O
Sp5i,: O
Sp5o,: O
Pr5): O
sensory: O
afferents.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
organization: O
of: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens: O
(NA): O
and: O
the: O
caudate: O
nucleus: O
of: O
cats: O
and: O
its: O
relation: O
to: O
other: O
subcortical: O
striatal: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
were: O
studied: O
with: O
a: O
retrograde: O
tracing: O
technique: O
by: O
use: O
of: O
lectin-conjugated: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Nucleus: O
lateralis: O
posterior: O
pars: O
lateralis(lpl): O
,: O
a: O
long: O
cellular: O
territory: O
found: O
lateral: O
to: O
lateralis: O
posterior: O
pars: O
caudomedialis(lpcm): O
,: O
extends: O
from: O
the: O
caudal: O
pole: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
to: O
the: O
caudal: O
pole: O
of: O
lateralis: O
dorsale: O
pars: O
ventrolateralis(ldvl): O
and: O
contains: O
round: O
cells: O
which: O
are: O
smaller: O
and: O
more: O
densely: O
packed: O
than: O
those: O
of: O
lateralis: O
posterior: O
pars: O
caudomedialis(lpcm): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Nucleus: O
lateralis: O
posterior: O
pars: O
rostromedialis(lprm): O
,: O
situated: O
medial: O
to: O
lateralis: O
posterior: O
pars: O
lateralis(lpl): O
,: O
is: O
characterized: O
by: O
round: O
neurons: O
which: O
are: O
frequently: O
found: O
in: O
clusters.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

There: O
is: O
an: O
age-related: O
cerebral: O
atrophy,: O
demyelination: O
of: O
the: O
corpus: O
callosum,: O
and: O
degeneration: O
of: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
Purkinje: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
Niemann-Pick: O
type: O
C(NPC): O
mouse.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Single: O
cell: O
suspensions: O
from: O
mechanically: O
dissociated: O
cortex: O
and: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
were: O
cultured: O
in: O
serum-free,: O
B27-supplemented: O
medium: O
under: O
constant: O
gyratory: O
agitation: O
for: O
up: O
to: O
56: O
days.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injection: O
of: O
a: O
retrograde,: O
trans-synaptic,: O
viral: O
tracer: O
into: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCN): O
demonstrated: O
transport: O
to: O
cells: O
as: O
far: O
caudal: O
as: O
the: O
vestibular: O
system: O
and,: O
when: O
combined: O
with: O
intergeniculate: O
leaflet(IGL): O
injection: O
of: O
Cholera: O
toxin: O
B: O
subunit(CTB): O
,: O
confirmed: O
that: O
some: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
vestibular: O
nucleus: O
polysynaptically: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCN): O
and: O
monosynaptically: O
to: O
the: O
intergeniculate: O
leaflet(IGL): O
,: O
as: O
do: O
cells: O
in: O
other: O
brain: O
regions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

postrhinal(POR): O
and: O
area: O
36: O
show: O
a: O
dense,: O
clustered: O
cellular: O
layer: O
II: O
and: O
a: O
thinner: O
layer: O
III: O
in: O
comparison: O
to: O
the: O
adjacent: O
neocortex,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
they: O
differ: O
from: O
each: O
other: O
with: O
respect: O
to: O
the: O
orientation: O
of: O
the: O
somata: O
of: O
layer: O
VI: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Terminals: O
from: O
the: O
corpus: O
glomerulosum: O
pars: O
anterior,: O
central: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
lobe,: O
and: O
mammillary: O
body: O
showed: O
more: O
diffuse: O
distributions: O
and: O
were: O
not: O
confined: O
to: O
particular: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
valvular: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Proliferation: O
of: O
avian: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
neurons,: O
including: O
granule: O
cells,: O
is: O
thought: O
to: O
be: O
completed: O
during: O
embryonic: O
life,: O
and: O
aspects: O
of: O
cell: O
addition: O
in: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
lobules: O
in: O
posthatching: O
life: O
are: O
unknown.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Connections: O
of: O
areas: O
3b: O
and: O
1: O
of: O
the: O
parietal: O
somatosensory: O
strip: O
with: O
the: O
ventroposterior: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
owl: O
monkey: O
(Aotus: O
trivirgatus).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Restricted: O
injections: O
of: O
the: O
retrograde: O
tracer,: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP),: O
into: O
either: O
Area: O
3b: O
or: O
Area: O
1: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
within: O
a: O
band: O
of: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
ventroposterior: O
nucleus: O
(VP).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Bilateral: O
projections: O
from: O
rat: O
MI: O
whisker: O
cortex: O
to: O
the: O
neostriatum,: B-Individual_protein
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
claustrum:: B-Individual_protein
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
circuits: O
for: O
modulating: O
whisking: O
behavior.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Periglomerular: O
cells: O
(PG): O
are: O
interneurons: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
(OB): O
that: O
modulate: O
the: O
first: O
synaptic: O
relay: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
information: O
from: O
the: O
olfactory: O
nerve: O
to: O
the: O
dendrites: O
of: O
the: O
bulbar: O
principal: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Moreover,: O
we: O
obtained: O
the: O
first: O
evidence: O
that: O
MCP-1/CCL2: O
is: O
constitutively: O
expressed: O
in: O
cholinergic: O
neurons,: O
notably: O
in: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
preoptic: O
and: O
oculomotor: O
nuclei,: O
and: O
in: O
dopaminergic: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
pars: O
compacta.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Quantitative: O
reverse: O
transcriptase-polymerase: O
chain: O
reaction(RT-PCR): O
confirmed: O
the: O
transcriptional: O
downregulation: O
of: O
Hba-a2: O
and: O
hemoglobin: O
beta(Hbb): O
in: O
nigral,: O
striatal,: O
and: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
found: O
that: O
1): O
supramammillary(SUM): O
afferents: O
reached: O
the: O
dentate: O
juxtagranular: O
and: O
CA2: B-Individual_protein
pyramidal: O
cell: O
layers: O
at: O
midgestation: O
in: O
human: O
fetuses,: O
earlier: O
than: O
in: O
monkeys: O
(two-thirds: O
of: O
gestation: O
[E109]).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

They: O
co-expressed: O
calretinin,: O
substance: O
P,: O
and: O
acetylcholinesterase: O
but: O
not: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid: O
(GABA): O
or: O
glutamic: O
acid: O
decarboxylase: O
(GAD);: O
2): O
the: O
presumed: O
parent: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
monkey: O
supramammillary(SUM): O
expressed: O
calretinin: O
or: O
both: O
calretinin: O
and: O
substance: O
P;: O
3): O
most: O
of: O
them: O
were: O
surrounded: O
by: O
glutamic: O
acid: O
decarboxylase(GAD): O
-containing: O
terminals: O
that: O
might: O
correspond: O
to: O
the: O
septo-: O
supramammillary(SUM): O
feedback: O
pathway: O
(Leranth: O
et: O
al.: O
[1999]: O
Neuroscience: O
88:701);: O
and: O
4): O
in: O
addition,: O
a: O
large: O
band: O
of: O
calretinin-labeled: O
terminals: O
that: O
did: O
not: O
co-express: O
substance: O
P,: O
glutamic: O
acid: O
decarboxylase(GAD): O
,: O
or: O
acetylcholinesterase: O
was: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
deepest: O
one-third: O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
molecular: O
layer: O
in: O
both: O
the: O
Cynomolgus: O
monkey: O
and: O
human: O
fetuses.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
persisted: O
in: O
the: O
adult: O
monkey: O
but: O
not: O
in: O
adult: O
human: O
hippocampus;: O
it: O
remains: O
questionable: O
whether: O
it: O
originates: O
in: O
the: O
supramammillary(SUM): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projections,: O
and: O
more: O
particularly: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
projections,: O
from: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
(dlGn): O
and: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
have: O
been: O
investigated: O
in: O
adult: O
mice: O
of: O
the: O
C57BL/6J: O
strain: O
after: O
rearing: O
in: O
one: O
of: O
four: O
different: O
conditions:: O
1): O
after: O
normal: O
visual: O
experience;: O
2): O
after: O
unilateral: O
enucleation: O
at: O
birth;: O
3): O
in: O
mice: O
with: O
congenital: O
unilateral: O
anophthalmia: O
(in: O
which: O
only: O
one: O
eye: O
develops): O
4): O
in: O
mice: O
with: O
congenital: O
unilateral: O
microphthalmia: O
(in: O
which: O
one: O
eye: O
is: O
of: O
reduced: O
size: O
while: O
the: O
other: O
is: O
normal).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Dependence: O
of: O
cytochrome: O
oxidase: O
activity: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
on: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
innervation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
facial: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
is: O
located: O
rostral: O
to: O
the: O
sensory: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
location: O
and: O
retinotopic: O
organization: O
of: O
visual: O
areas: O
in: O
the: O
cat: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
were: O
determined: O
by: O
systematically: O
mapping: O
visual: O
cortex: O
in: O
over: O
100: O
cats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cortical: O
plate,: O
basal: O
forebrain,: O
amygdala,: O
and: O
tegmentum: B-Individual_protein
were: O
weakly: O
labeled.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Postnatal: O
development: O
of: O
the: O
noradrenergic: O
projection: O
from: O
locus: O
coeruleus: O
to: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
Norepinephrine(NE): O
input: O
from: O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus: O
(LC): O
appears: O
to: O
be: O
necessary: O
for: O
the: O
newborn: O
rat: O
to: O
form: O
a: O
learned: O
odor: O
preference: O
(Sullivan: O
and: O
Leon,: O
1986;: O
Wilson: O
and: O
Leon,: O
1988;: O
Sullivan: O
et: O
al.,: O
1989).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Immunofluorescence: O
and: O
immunoelectron: O
microscopy: O
revealed: O
that: O
ZO-1: O
also: O
localized: O
at: O
the: O
puncta: O
adhaerentia: O
junctions(PAs): O
between: O
the: O
mossy: O
fiber: O
terminals: O
and: O
the: O
dendrites: O
of: O
the: O
pyramidal: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
CA3: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
adult: O
mouse: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
as: O
described: O
for: O
afadin.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
the: O
nonpermissive: O
property: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
hindbrain: O
substrate: O
restricted: O
the: O
invasion: O
of: O
trigeminal: O
sensory: O
axons(TA): O
along: O
the: O
entire: O
length: O
of: O
the: O
hindbrain.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
into: O
either: O
the: O
posterior: O
vermis: O
(lobule: O
VI-IX): O
or: O
the: O
paramedian: O
lobule,: O
labeled: O
serotoninergic: O
neurons: O
exclusively: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Rotundal: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
form: O
a: O
single,: O
morphologically: O
homogeneous: O
population: O
(Rainey,: O
'79): O
that: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
ventricular: O
ridge: O
in: O
the: O
telencephalon.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
observations: O
are: O
discussed: O
in: O
relation: O
to: O
the: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
afferent: O
input: O
and: O
the: O
efferent: O
connections: O
of: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus(PB): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
efferent: O
connections: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract: O
and: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
in: O
the: O
rabbit.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Contralaterally: O
fibers: O
were: O
distributed: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
tegmenti: O
pontis: O
(NRTP),: O
the: O
medial: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
and: O
the: O
inferior: O
olive: O
just: O
lateral: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
beta.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurons: O
were: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
from: O
three: O
targets,: O
the: O
iris,: O
the: O
submandibular: O
gland: O
(SMG),: O
and: O
the: O
middle: O
cerebral: B-Individual_protein
artery: O
(MCA).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
raphe: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
rabbit: O
brain: O
stem: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
midline: O
and: O
adjacent: O
reticular: O
formation: O
of: O
the: O
medulla,: B-Individual_protein
pons,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
mesencephalon.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Nucleus: O
raphe: O
pontis: O
and: O
the: O
caudal: O
portion: O
of: O
nuclei: O
raphe: O
dorsalis: O
and: O
centralis: O
superior: O
were: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
pons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Nucleus: O
rotundus: O
receives: O
an: O
input: O
from: O
the: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
mesencephali,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
pretectal: O
area,: O
and: O
from: O
the: O
mesencephalic: O
reticular: O
formation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
both: O
types: O
of: O
labeling: O
were: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
and: O
ventroposteromedial: O
parvocellular: O
nuclei;: O
primarily: O
retrograde: O
labeling: O
was: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
centromedial: O
and: O
paracentral: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
largest: O
area,: O
which: O
occupied: O
the: O
rostral: O
and: O
medial: O
two-thirds: O
to: O
three-fourths: O
of: O
the: O
exposed,: O
relatively: O
flat: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
ectosylvian: O
gyrus,: O
was: O
called: O
the: O
second: O
somatic: O
sensory: O
area: O
(SII).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
11: O
days,: O
responses: O
to: O
eighth: O
nerve: O
stimulation: O
were: O
restricted: O
to: O
the: O
most: O
anteromedial: O
portion: O
of: O
n.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
when: O
the: O
anlagen: O
of: O
the: O
V: O
ganglion: O
were: O
removed,: O
the: O
V: O
motor: O
root: O
did: O
not: O
exit: O
from: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
V: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
did: O
not: O
develop.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Differential: O
connections: O
of: O
the: O
perirhinal: O
and: O
parahippocampal: O
cortex: O
with: O
the: O
orbital: O
and: O
medial: O
prefrontal: O
networks: O
in: O
macaque: O
monkeys.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
possible: O
analogies: O
between: O
the: O
spiny: O
cartwheel: O
and: O
the: O
aspiny: O
stellate: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cochlear: O
nucleus(DCN): O
and: O
the: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
Purkinje: O
and: O
stellate/basket: O
cells: O
are: O
discussed: O
in: O
the: O
light: O
of: O
data: O
from: O
Golgi,: O
electron: O
microscopy,: O
and: O
transmitter: O
imunocytochemistry.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Do: O
structures: O
exist: O
within: O
the: O
embryonic: O
central: O
nervous: O
system: O
that: O
guide: O
axons: O
across: O
the: O
midline: O
during: O
development: O
of: O
the: O
great: O
cerebral: O
commissures: O
(corpus: O
callosum,: O
anterior: O
commissure)?: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
found: O
that: O
Cocaine-: O
and: O
amphetamine-regulated: O
transcript(CART): O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
arcuate: O
nucleus(Arc): O
,: O
dorsomedial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus(DMH): O
,: O
and: O
PMV: O
express: O
long: O
form: O
leptin-receptor: O
mRNA,: O
and: O
the: O
suppressor: O
of: O
cytokine: O
signaling-3: O
(SOCS-3): O
mRNA: O
after: O
an: O
acute: O
dose: O
of: O
intravenous: O
leptin.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
also: O
found: O
that: O
Cocaine-: O
and: O
amphetamine-regulated: O
transcript(CART): O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
parvicellular: O
PVH,: O
in: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus(DMH): O
and: O
in: O
the: O
posterior: O
periventricular: O
nucleus(Pe): O
coexpress: O
thyrotropin-releasing: O
hormone: O
(TRH): O
mRNA.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
also: O
observed: O
Cocaine-: O
and: O
amphetamine-regulated: O
transcript(CART): O
fibers: O
throughout: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
amygdala.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Brainstem: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
the: O
rat: O
cuneate: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
investigate: O
the: O
anatomical: O
substrate: O
for: O
these: O
descending: O
effects,: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
the: O
cuneate: O
nucleus: O
of: O
rats: O
were: O
studied: O
with: O
injections: O
of: O
lectin-conjugated: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurotensin: O
in: O
projection: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
nucleus: O
accumbens,: O
with: O
reference: O
to: O
coexistence: O
with: O
enkephalin: O
and: O
GABA:: O
an: O
immunohistochemical: O
study: O
in: O
the: O
cat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurotensin-like: O
immunoreactivity: O
(NT-LI): O
was: O
demonstrated: O
in: O
projection: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
nucleus: O
accumbens: O
in: O
the: O
cat: O
by: O
combining: O
immunohistochemistry: O
and: O
the: O
fluorescent: O
retrograde: O
neuronal: O
labeling: O
method.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
colchicine-treated: O
cats,: O
many: O
neurons: O
with: O
Neurotensin-like: O
immunoreactivity(NT-LI): O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
caudate: O
nucleus,: O
nucleus: O
accumbens,: O
and: O
putamen.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Rather,: O
input: O
to: O
IPp: O
appears: O
to: O
originate: O
in: O
cortex: O
rostral: O
to: O
Area: O
MT: O
in: O
the: O
temporal: O
lobe.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
morphology: O
and: O
dendritic: O
organization: O
of: O
corticocortical: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
superficial: O
layers: O
of: O
area: O
18: O
that: O
project: O
to: O
area: O
17: O
were: O
studied: O
by: O
intracellular: O
injection: O
of: O
lucifer: O
yellow: O
in: O
the: O
fixed-slice: O
preparation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
local: O
patch,: O
area: O
17: O
projecting,: O
and: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
pyramidal: O
cells: O
displayed: O
increasingly: O
larger: O
mean: O
somatic: O
areas: O
and: O
basilar: O
dendritic: O
field: O
width: O
measurements.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

By: O
E16-19,: O
strong: O
staining: O
of: O
both: O
neurocan: O
and: O
phosphacan: O
is: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
marginal: O
zone: O
and: O
subplate: O
of: O
the: O
neocortex,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
phosphacan: O
is: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
ventricular: O
zone: O
and: O
also: O
has: O
a: O
diffuse: O
distribution: O
in: O
other: O
brain: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lateral: O
subdivision: O
(CL): O
of: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
contained: O
mainly: O
medium-sized,: O
densely: O
spiny: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ventral: O
subdivision: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
contained: O
neurons: O
similar: O
to: O
those: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
adjacent: O
medial: O
and: O
lateral: O
subdivisions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

From: O
injections: O
into: O
the: O
vestibulocerebellum(VbC): O
,: O
large: O
multipolar: O
cells: O
were: O
found: O
throughout: O
lentiformis: O
mesencephali(LM): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
extent: O
of: O
CA2: O
defined: O
on: O
the: O
basis: O
of: O
gene: O
expression: O
is: O
somewhat: O
larger: O
than: O
that: O
previously: O
described: O
on: O
the: O
basis: O
of: O
structural: O
anatomical: O
criteria,: O
particularly: O
at: O
the: O
rostral: O
pole: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
anteromedial: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
bed: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis: O
(BSTam): O
is: O
the: O
relatively: O
undifferentiated: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
medial: O
(anteromedial): O
group: O
of: O
the: O
bed: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis: O
(: O
bed: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis(BSTam): O
g),: O
which: O
also: O
includes: O
the: O
more: O
distinct: O
dorsomedial,: O
magnocellular,: O
and: O
ventral: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Caudal: O
to: O
the: O
diencephalon,: B-Individual_protein
retrograde: O
labelling: O
from: O
either: O
site: O
was: O
sparse,: O
except: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus,: O
which: O
displayed: O
a: O
particularly: O
high: O
incidence: O
from: O
the: O
gonadotrophin-releasing: O
hormone(GnRH): O
perikarya: O
site.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Five: O
nuclei: O
in: O
the: O
superior: O
olivary: O
complex(SOC): O
,: O
the: O
lateral: O
superior: O
olive: O
(LSO),: O
superior: O
paraolivary: O
nucleus: O
(SPoN),: O
and: O
the: O
medial,: O
lateral,: O
and: O
ventral: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body: O
(MNTB,: O
LNTB,: O
and: O
VNTB): O
were: O
examined: O
14: O
days: O
following: O
the: O
deafening: O
and: O
compared: O
to: O
normal: O
hearing: O
age-matched: O
controls.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Partial: O
denervation: O
of: O
the: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
by: O
optic: O
nerve: O
crush: O
is: O
accompanied: O
by: O
a: O
loss: O
of: O
40%: O
of: O
the: O
total: O
terminal: O
population: O
in: O
stratum: O
fibrosum: O
et: O
griseum: O
superficialis(SFGS): O
and: O
by: O
a: O
marked: O
decrease: O
of: O
stratum: O
fibrosum: O
et: O
griseum: O
superficialis(SFGS): O
thickness.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Since: O
many: O
tracer-and: O
choline: O
acetyltransferase(ChAT): O
-positive: O
neurons: O
were: O
identified: O
in: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
areas,: O
including: O
the: O
ventral: O
pallidum,: O
we: O
also: O
stained: O
many: O
of: O
the: O
sections: O
for: O
glutamate: O
decarboxylase,: O
a: O
suitable: O
marker: O
for: O
the: O
delineation: O
of: O
pallidal: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus,: O
the: O
organization: O
of: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
BSTp: O
suggests: O
that: O
it: O
plays: O
a: O
particularly: O
important: O
role: O
in: O
regulating: O
neuroendocrine: O
function: O
and: O
that: O
neurons: O
in: O
this: O
nucleus: O
may: O
relay: O
olfactory: O
information: O
to: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
differently: O
in: O
male: O
and: O
female: O
rats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
baroreflex: O
pathway: O
might: O
include: O
a: O
glutamatergic: O
connection: O
between: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract: O
(NTS): O
and: O
a: O
segment: O
of: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla: O
(VLM): O
called: O
the: O
caudal: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Distribution: O
and: O
hypothalamic: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
of: O
tyrosine-hydroxylase: O
containing: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract: O
in: O
the: O
pigeon.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Not: O
all: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase: O
containing: O
cells: O
had: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
implantation: O
site: O
in: O
the: O
anteromedial: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
since: O
only: O
40%: O
of: O
the: O
immunoreactive: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract: O
and: O
59%: O
of: O
the: O
immunoreactive: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
subnucleus: O
medialis: O
superficialis: O
pars: O
posterior: O
were: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
with: O
Fast: O
Blue.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
expression: O
of: O
the: O
mouse: O
axonal: O
adhesive: O
glycoprotein: O
F3: O
and: O
of: O
its: O
mRNA: O
was: O
studied: O
on: O
sections: O
of: O
mouse: O
cerebellar: O
cortex,: O
cerebral: O
cortex,: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
from: O
postnatal: O
days: O
0: O
(P0): O
to: O
30: O
(P30).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

New: O
neurons: O
are: O
added: O
to: O
the: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
song: O
control: O
regions: O
high: O
vocal: O
center: O
(HVC): O
and: O
Area: O
X: O
of: O
juvenile: O
songbirds: O
but: O
the: O
identity: O
and: O
site: O
of: O
origin: O
of: O
these: O
cells: O
have: O
not: O
been: O
fully: O
characterized.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
compare: O
and: O
discuss: O
the: O
expression: O
patterns: O
of: O
the: O
homologs: O
of: O
the: O
genes: O
studied,: O
and: O
more: O
generally: O
the: O
morphogenetic: O
patterns: O
of: O
the: O
medaka: O
tectum,: O
with: O
those: O
encountered: O
in: O
other: O
cortical: O
structures: O
and: O
in: O
other: O
vertebrate: O
groups.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
structural: O
plasticity: O
induced: O
by: O
entorhinal: O
cortex: O
(EC): O
lesions: O
has: O
been: O
studied: O
extensively: O
in: O
the: O
rat,: O
but: O
little: O
comparable: O
research: O
has: O
been: O
conducted: O
in: O
primates.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
area: O
is: O
normally: O
a: O
target: O
of: O
the: O
tectal: B-Individual_protein
efferent: O
projection: O
but: O
is: O
not: O
innervated: O
directly: O
from: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
in: O
normal: O
frogs: O
nor: O
in: O
frogs: O
undergoing: O
optic: O
nerve: O
regeneration: O
in: O
the: O
presence: O
of: O
an: O
intact: O
tectum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

By: O
virtue: O
of: O
its: O
anatomical: O
location: O
and: O
its: O
connectional: O
relation: O
to: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
and: O
isocortical: O
motor: O
fields: O
on: O
the: O
one: O
hand: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
limbic: O
cortex: O
on: O
the: O
other,: O
area: O
24c: O
may: O
be: O
considered: O
as: O
M3: O
and: O
provide: O
limbic: O
influences: O
at: O
several: O
levels: O
of: O
motor: O
control.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Microinjections: O
of: O
wheat-germ: O
agglutinin: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
conjugate: O
coupled: O
to: O
colloidal: O
gold: O
into: O
the: O
lumbar: O
spinal: O
cord: O
resulted: O
in: O
the: O
retrograde: O
labeling: O
of: O
53%: O
and: O
59%: O
of: O
the: O
serotoninergic: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
raphe: O
nuclei: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
para-raphe: O
zone,: O
respectively.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

inferior: O
temporal(IT): O
C: O
contains: O
a: O
more: O
myelinated: O
dorsal: O
area,: O
inferior: O
temporal(IT): O
Cd,: O
and: O
a: O
larger: O
ventral: O
area,: O
inferior: O
temporal(IT): O
Cv.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Both: O
inferior: O
temporal(IT): O
Cd: O
and: O
inferior: O
temporal(IT): O
Cv: O
receive: O
a: O
major: O
projection: O
from: O
DLC;: O
additional: O
input: O
from: O
DLR,: O
MT,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
VII;: B-Individual_protein
and: O
send: O
strong: O
projections: O
to: O
inferior: O
temporal(IT): O
R,: O
the: O
lateral: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal: O
sulcus,: O
and: O
dorsolateral: O
prefrontal: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
implies: O
that: O
the: O
barrel: O
field: O
of: O
the: O
SmI: O
face: O
cortex: O
becomes: O
progressively: O
refractory: O
to: O
the: O
effects: O
of: O
peripheral: O
damage: O
during: O
the: O
first: O
postnatal: O
week: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
period: O
prior: O
to: O
PND-6,: O
an: O
intact: O
periphery: O
is: O
necessary: O
for: O
normal: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
development.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Nerve: O
fibers: O
and: O
terminals: O
containing: O
Relaxin-3(RLN3): O
-LI: O
were: O
observed: O
throughout: O
brain: O
regions: O
identical: O
to: O
those: O
known: O
to: O
receive: O
afferents: O
from: O
the: O
nucleus: O
incertus(NI): O
in: O
the: O
rat,: O
including: O
the: O
septum,: B-Individual_protein
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
entorhinal: O
cortex,: O
lateral,: O
dorsomedial: O
and: O
ventromedial: O
hypothalamus,: O
supramammillary: O
and: O
interpeduncular: O
nuclei,: O
anterodorsal,: O
paraventricular: O
and: O
reuniens: O
thalamic: O
nuclei,: O
lateral: O
habenula,: O
central: O
gray,: O
and: O
dorsal: O
raphe,: O
solitary: O
tract,: O
and: O
ambiguus: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Gonadotropin-inhibitory: O
hormone: O
(GnIH): O
is: O
a: O
hypothalamic: O
neuropeptide: O
that: O
modulates: O
the: O
reproductive: O
physiology: O
of: O
birds: O
and: O
mammals: O
by: O
inhibiting: O
gonadotropin: O
secretion: O
from: O
the: O
anterior: O
pituitary: O
gland.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Gonadotropin-inhibitory: O
hormone(GnIH): O
-ir: O
fibers: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
close: O
proximity: O
to: O
gonadotropin-releasing: O
hormone-I,: O
dopamine,: O
beta-endorphin,: O
and: O
gonadotropin-releasing: O
hormone-II: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
preoptic: O
area,: O
intermediate: O
periventricular: O
nucleus(IPe): O
,: O
arcuate: O
nucleus: O
of: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
central: O
gray: O
substance: O
of: O
midbrain,: B-Individual_protein
respectively.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord,: O
P2Y1: O
and: O
P2Y4: O
mRNAs: O
were: O
expressed: O
by: O
some: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
neurons,: O
whereas: O
the: O
motor: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
horn: O
had: O
P2Y4: O
and: O
P2Y6: O
mRNAs.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
injections: O
labeled: O
a: O
group: O
of: O
large: O
multipolar: O
cells: O
lying: O
between: O
the: O
ventral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus: O
and: O
the: O
superior: O
olivary: O
complex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Lesions: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
alter: O
stimulus-evoked: O
metabolic: O
activity: O
in: O
mouse: O
somatosensory: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Axons: O
of: O
injected: O
neurons: O
left: O
the: O
nucleus: O
via: O
the: O
dorsal: O
acoustic: O
stria: O
and: O
14: O
of: O
15: O
had: O
collaterals: O
within: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cochlear: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
brainstem,: B-Individual_protein
CGRP-li: O
cells: O
appeared: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area,: O
the: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
motor: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
III-VII,: O
IX,: O
X,: O
and: O
XII: O
cranial: O
nerves.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
connection: O
patterns: O
further: O
allowed: O
us: O
to: O
divide: O
pulvinar(PI): B-Individual_protein
into: O
a: O
large: O
central: O
nucleus: O
(: O
pulvinar(PI): B-Individual_protein
c),: O
a: O
medial: O
nucleus: O
(: O
pulvinar(PI): B-Individual_protein
m),: O
and: O
a: O
posterior: O
nucleus: O
(: O
pulvinar(PI): B-Individual_protein
p).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
evidence: O
suggests: O
that: O
pulvinar(PL): B-Individual_protein
of: O
galagos: O
contains: O
a: O
single,: O
large: O
nucleus,: O
as: O
in: O
monkeys,: O
and: O
that: O
pulvinar(PI): B-Individual_protein
may: O
have: O
only: O
three: O
subdivisions,: O
rather: O
than: O
the: O
four: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
monkeys.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
present: O
study,: O
normally: O
placed: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cells: O
and: O
displaced: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cells: O
in: O
pigmented: O
and: O
albino: O
mice: O
were: O
classified: O
morphologically: O
using: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
dorsal: O
part: O
of: O
anterior: O
posterior: O
parietal: O
cortex(PPC): O
region: O
representing: O
hand-to-mouth: O
movements: O
is: O
connected: O
mostly: O
to: O
the: O
forelimb: O
representation: O
in: O
premotor(PM): O
,: O
M1,: B-Individual_protein
3a,: B-Individual_protein
1-2,: O
and: O
somatosensory: O
areas: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
sulcus: O
and: O
on: O
the: O
medial: O
wall.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
more: O
posterior: O
defensive: O
and: O
reaching: O
zones: O
have: O
additional: O
connections: O
with: O
nonprimary: O
visual: O
areas: O
(V2,: O
V3,: B-Individual_protein
DL,: B-Individual_protein
DM,: B-Individual_protein
MST).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injection: O
of: O
cholera: O
toxin: O
B: O
subunit: O
(CTB)-horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP): O
into: O
the: O
muscular: O
wall: O
of: O
the: O
lower: O
esophageal: O
sphincter(LES): O
-labeled: O
profiles: O
throughout: O
the: O
rostrocaudal: O
extent: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
vagus: O
(DMN): O
The: O
relative: O
numbers: O
of: O
profiles: O
in: O
three: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
vagus(DMN): O
from: O
caudal: O
to: O
rostral: O
are,: O
43: O
+/-: O
5,: O
67: O
+/-: O
11,: O
and: O
113: O
+/-: O
30).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
iontophoretic: O
injections: O
in: O
vermal: O
(zone: O
A),: O
intermediate: O
(zones: O
C1,: O
C3),: O
and: O
lateral: O
(zone: O
D): O
cortices,: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
cells: O
were: O
present: O
in: O
medial: O
(NM),: O
anterior: O
interposed: O
(NIA),: O
and: O
lateral: O
(NL): O
cerebellar: O
nuclei,: O
respectively.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

GABAA/benzodiazepine: O
receptor: O
alpha: O
6: O
subunit: O
mRNA: O
in: O
granule: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
cortex: O
and: O
cochlear: O
nuclei:: O
expression: O
in: O
developing: O
and: O
mutant: O
mice.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Only: O
a: O
subset: O
of: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
dopaminergic: O
neurons: O
or: O
locus: O
ceruleus: O
noradrenergic: O
neurons: O
(tyrosine: O
hydroxylase: O
immunopositive): O
contained: O
clusterin: O
mRNA.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
frog: O
central: O
nervous: O
system,: O
alkaline: O
phosphatase(AP): O
reaction: O
product: O
was: O
detected: O
in: O
the: O
arachnoid: O
membrane: O
adjacent: O
to: O
the: O
subarachnoid: O
space,: O
but: O
not: O
in: O
the: O
cerebral: B-Individual_protein
or: O
pial: O
vessels,: O
whereas: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
it: O
was: O
detected: O
in: O
the: O
outer: O
arachnoid: O
membrane: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
cerebral: B-Individual_protein
and: O
pial: O
blood: O
vessels.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Previous: O
studies: O
indicate: O
that: O
tuberculoventral: O
and: O
cartwheel: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
a: O
group: O
of: O
stellate: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
are: O
likely: O
to: O
be: O
glycinergic.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
from: O
caudal: O
and: O
ventral: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
nucleus: O
appear: O
to: O
overlap: O
oculomotor: O
inputs: O
to: O
rostral,: O
dorsal,: O
and: O
medial: O
reticularis: O
tegmenti: O
pontis(RTP): O
from: O
the: O
frontal: O
and: O
supplementary: O
eye: O
fields,: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus,: O
and: O
the: O
oculomotor: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
caudal: O
fastigial: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

ten: O
pedunculopontine: O
tegmental: O
nucleus(PPTN): O
neurons,: O
three: O
cuneiform: O
nucleus(CNF): O
neurons,: O
two: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
tegmentum: O
between: O
the: O
IC/: O
central: O
gray: O
substance(CG): O
,: O
and: O
one: O
central: O
gray: O
substance(CG): O
neuron.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
obtained: O
choline: O
acetyltransferase(ChAT): O
-immunoreactive: O
staining: O
of: O
amacrine: O
and: O
displaced: O
amacrine: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
and: O
type: O
XIV: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
tectum,: B-Individual_protein
but: O
we: O
obtained: O
no: O
direct: O
immunocytochemical: O
evidence: O
that: O
ganglion: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
goldfish: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
are: O
cholinergic.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
current: O
study,: O
fetal: O
spinal: O
cord: O
tissue: O
(E12-14): O
was: O
grafted: O
into: O
midthoracic: O
spinal: O
cord: O
lesions: O
in: O
newborn: O
rats: O
(less: O
than: O
72: O
hours: O
old): O
in: O
order: O
to: O
determine: O
whether: O
such: O
transplants: O
could: O
modify: O
the: O
response: O
of: O
the: O
immature: O
host: O
central: O
nervous: O
system: O
(CNS): O
to: O
axotomy.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
animals: O
with: O
spinal: O
cord: O
lesion: O
but: O
no: O
transplant,: O
only: O
the: O
unaxotomized: O
red: O
nucleus(RN): O
was: O
labeled.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurons: O
in: O
the: O
ventrolateral: B-Individual_protein
(VL): O
subdivision: O
of: O
rat: O
trigeminal: O
nucleus: O
oralis: O
(Vo): O
have: O
most: O
of: O
their: O
dendritic: O
arbors: O
confined: O
within: O
this: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

On: O
the: O
contrary,: O
while: O
immunoreactive: O
neurons: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
central: O
amygdaloid: O
nucleus,: O
nucleus: O
accumbens,: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
diagonal: O
band,: O
subthalamus,: O
superior: O
central: O
nucleus,: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus,: O
central: O
gray: O
substance: O
of: O
the: O
pons,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
of: O
the: O
hedgehog,: O
respective: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
sheep: O
appeared: O
to: O
be: O
devoid: O
of: O
immunoreactive: O
perikarya.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

An: O
intraventricular: O
inj: O
ection: O
of: O
fluorescent: O
dye: O
1,1',dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3-tetramethylindocarbocyanine: O
perchlorate: O
(DiI): O
at: O
E6: O
yielded: O
O4: O
positive(O4+): O
+/: O
1,1',dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3-tetramethylindocarbocyanine: O
perchlorate(DiI): O
+: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
at: O
E10,: O
which: O
provided: O
direct: O
evidence: O
to: O
support: O
migration: O
of: O
oligodendrocyte: O
precursor: O
into: O
the: O
retina.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
conjugated: O
to: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin: O
(WGA-HRP),: O
biotin: O
conjugated: O
to: O
dextran: O
(BD),: O
or: O
rhodamine: O
conjugated: O
to: O
dextran: O
(RD): O
were: O
made: O
individually: O
or: O
in: O
combinations: O
into: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex,: B-Individual_protein
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
or: O
pons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
there: O
is: O
a: O
high: O
degree: O
of: O
overlap: O
of: O
the: O
axonal: O
projections: O
to: O
nucleus: O
tractus: O
solitarii(Nts): O
-DMN: O
X: O
subnuclei: O
from: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis(BNST): O
-ventral: O
paleostriatum: O
and: O
stratum: O
cellulare: O
externum(SCE): O
,: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
from: O
periventricularis: O
magnocellularis(PVM): O
(Berk: O
and: O
Finkelstein:: O
J.: O
Comp.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
present: O
anterograde: O
and: O
previous: O
retrograde: O
HRP: O
studies: O
show: O
that: O
the: O
spinocerebellar: O
tract: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
part: O
of: O
lamina: O
VII: O
caudal: O
to: O
the: O
L7: B-Individual_protein
segment: O
and: O
in: O
laminae: O
V: O
and: O
VIII: O
of: O
sacral-caudal: O
segments: O
project: O
mainly: O
to: O
lobules: O
I-V: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
lobe: O
and: O
to: O
lobule: O
VI,: O
sublobule: O
VIIb,: O
and: O
lobule: O
VIII: O
of: O
the: O
posterior: O
lobe.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
both: O
normal: O
and: O
enucleated: O
cats,: O
scattered: O
cells: O
were: O
distributed: O
on: O
either: O
side: O
of: O
the: O
17/18: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
strip,: O
well: O
into: O
areas: O
17: O
and: O
18.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
output: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
ganglia: O
is: O
directed: O
through: O
the: O
entopeduncular: O
nucleus: O
(EPN): O
and: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
pars: O
reticulata: O
(SNR): O
and: O
pars: O
lateralis: O
(SNL),: O
which: O
provide: O
a: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acidergic: O
(GABAergic): O
projection: O
to: O
various: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
brainstem.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
antibodies: O
recognized: O
a: O
55-57: O
kDa: O
peptide: O
in: O
immunoblots: O
of: O
either: O
crude: O
membranes: O
from: O
rat: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
or: O
affinity-purified: O
GABAA: O
receptors: O
from: O
bovine: O
cerebral: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
study: O
was: O
designed: O
to: O
determine: O
whether: O
there: O
is: O
a: O
functional: O
relationship: O
between: O
cfos: O
expression: O
in: O
vasoactive: O
intestinal: O
peptide: O
(VIP): O
-containing: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus: O
(SCN): O
and: O
Fos-related: O
antigens: O
(FRAs): O
expression: O
in: O
neuroendocrine: O
dopaminergic: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
arcuate: O
(ARN): O
and: O
periventricular: O
(PeVN): O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Similarly,: O
the: O
ventral: O
boundary: O
of: O
the: O
striatopallidal: O
complex: O
was: O
blurred,: O
suggesting: O
a: O
structural: O
intermingling: O
with: O
the: O
substantia: O
innominata.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Immunocytochemistry: O
was: O
used: O
to: O
examine: O
the: O
presence: O
of: O
these: O
substances: O
within: O
the: O
primary: O
gustatory: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
goldfish,: O
including: O
the: O
vagal: O
lobe,: O
which: O
is: O
a: O
large,: O
laminated: O
structure: O
composed: O
of: O
discrete: O
sensory,: O
fiber,: O
and: O
motor: O
layers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
majority: O
of: O
microglial: O
cells: O
appeared: O
in: O
the: O
outer: O
and: O
inner: O
plexiform: O
layers: O
throughout: O
the: O
entire: O
retina,: B-Individual_protein
whereas: O
a: O
few: O
microglial: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
nerve: O
fiber: O
layer: O
were: O
seen: O
only: O
in: O
the: O
central: O
zone: O
of: O
the: O
retina,: B-Individual_protein
near: O
the: O
optic: O
nerve: O
head.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Motor: O
nuclei: O
of: O
nerves: O
innervating: O
the: O
tongue: O
and: O
hypoglossal: B-Individual_protein
musculature: O
in: O
a: O
caecilian: O
(amphibia:gymnophiona),: O
as: O
revealed: O
by: O
HRP: O
transport.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
early: O
fetal: O
period,: O
the: O
trigeminal,: O
vestibulocochlear,: O
and: O
facial: O
nerves: O
are: O
the: O
dominant: O
cranial: O
nerves: O
(besides: O
the: O
vagus: O
nerve).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Direct: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei: O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
in: O
the: O
rabbit:: O
an: O
HRP: O
study.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
in: O
the: O
rabbit: O
were: O
studied: O
by: O
the: O
anterograde: O
and: O
retrograde: O
HRP: O
methods.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
layer: O
II-deep: O
Ib: O
fiber: O
system: O
arises: O
in: O
three: O
small: O
areas--the: O
ventral: O
tenia: O
tecta,: O
the: O
dorsal: O
peduncular: O
cortex,: O
and: O
the: O
periamygdaloid: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
fibers: O
from: O
the: O
ventral: O
tenia: O
tecta: O
terminate: O
in: O
layer: O
II: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
olfactory: O
nucleus: O
and: O
are: O
topographically: O
organized.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
projections: O
have: O
been: O
demonstrated: O
to: O
the: O
deep: O
amygdaloid: O
nuclei,: O
especially: O
from: O
the: O
more: O
ventromedial: O
and: O
caudal: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
nucleus,: O
nucleus: O
C,: O
projects: O
densely: O
to: O
the: O
medullary: O
relay: O
nucleus: O
and: O
is: O
hypothesized: O
here: O
to: O
be: O
the: O
command: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
thoracic: O
spinal: O
nerve: O
projection: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
demonstrated: O
with: O
transganglionic: O
transport: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
two: O
branches: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
ramus: O
that: O
were: O
examined: O
projected: O
to: O
separate: O
medial: O
and: O
lateral: O
compartments: O
for: O
the: O
entire: O
ventral: O
ramus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
subcoeruleus: O
nuclei: O
are: O
considerably: O
larger: O
in: O
the: O
caiman: O
than: O
in: O
other: O
reptilian: O
species: O
including: O
turtles: O
and: O
lizards: O
and: O
closely: O
resemble: O
the: O
subcoeruleus: O
nuclei: O
of: O
birds: O
in: O
terms: O
of: O
position: O
and: O
anterior-posterior: O
extent.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
barrel: O
is: O
a: O
group: O
of: O
neurons: O
in: O
layer: O
4: O
of: O
somatosensory: O
cortex: O
that: O
is: O
part: O
of: O
a: O
cortical: O
column.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
recent: O
studies: O
in: O
squamate: O
reptiles: O
have: O
importantly: O
clarified: O
how: O
chemical: O
information: O
is: O
processed: O
in: O
the: O
reptilian: O
brain,: O
how: O
the: O
amygdala: O
relays: O
chemosensory: O
inputs: O
to: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
to: O
influence: O
chemically: O
guided: O
behaviors: O
is: O
still: O
poorly: O
documented.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus,: O
the: O
cerebellum: B-Individual_protein
of: O
cerebellar: O
deficient: O
folia(cdf): O
mutants: O
has: O
a: O
failure: O
of: O
Purkinje: O
cell: O
dispersion: O
that: O
is: O
confined: O
primarily: O
to: O
a: O
zebrin: O
II-negative: O
(zebrin: O
II(-)): O
subpopulation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
number: O
of: O
labeled: O
cells: O
was: O
higher: O
following: O
large: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
injections: O
in: O
some: O
cortical: O
areas,: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
motor: O
and: O
visual: O
cortex,: O
than: O
following: O
large: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
injections: O
in: O
other: O
areas,: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
second: O
somatic: O
sensory: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Transient: O
contributions: O
of: O
subplate: O
neurons: O
to: O
the: O
initial: O
development: O
of: O
the: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
are: O
well-characterized,: O
yet: O
little: O
data: O
are: O
available: O
on: O
a: O
subpopulation: O
of: O
subplate: O
neurons: O
that: O
persist: O
in: O
the: O
white: O
matter: O
(WM): O
of: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
across: O
development.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
all: O
three: O
orders,: O
extensive: O
brainstem-spinal: B-Individual_protein
pathways: O
were: O
present: O
with: O
only: O
minor: O
representation: O
of: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
originating: O
in: O
forebrain: O
regions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
rhombencephalon,: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
arise: O
from: O
the: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
several: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
octavolateral: O
area,: O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus,: O
the: O
laterodorsal: O
tegmental: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
raphe: O
nucleus,: O
sensory: O
nuclei: O
(trigeminal: O
sensory: O
nuclei: O
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nucleus),: O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
thalamus: O
displayed: O
Galanin(GAL): O
-ir: O
neurons: O
within: O
the: O
anterodorsal,: O
paraventricular,: O
central: O
lateral,: O
paracentral,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
central: O
medial: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Candidate: O
molecules,: O
which: O
are: O
implicated: O
in: O
vomeronasal: O
organ(VNO): O
signaling: O
cascades,: O
are: O
shown: O
to: O
be: O
present: O
in: O
vomeronasal: O
organ(VNO): O
receptor: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
diencephalon,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
magnocellular: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
posterior: O
tuberculum,: O
and: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
and: O
lateral: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
were: O
moderately: O
to: O
densely: O
innervated: O
with: O
ghrelin-containing: O
fibers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
diencephalon,: B-Individual_protein
TRHir: O
neurons: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
anterior: O
parvocellular: O
preoptic: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
lateral: O
hypothalamic: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
rostral: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
tuberal: O
nucleus: O
and: O
torus: O
lateralis,: O
and: O
the: O
posterior: O
tuberal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
mesencephalon: B-Individual_protein
contained: O
TRHir: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
rostrodorsal: O
tegmentum,: O
the: O
Edinger-Westphal: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
torus: O
semicircularis,: O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
rhombencephalon,: O
TRHir: O
cells: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
isthmi: O
and: O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus,: O
rostrally,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
vagal: O
lobe: O
and: O
vagal: O
motor: O
nucleus,: O
caudally.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
medial: O
and: O
lateral: O
mesencephalic: O
reticular: O
areas: O
and: O
the: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus: O
were: O
richly: O
innervated: O
by: O
TRHir: O
fibers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
the: O
common: O
marmoset: O
has: O
become: O
a: O
model: O
for: O
the: O
study: O
of: O
several: O
neurological: O
conditions: O
that: O
affect: O
the: O
frontal: O
lobe,: O
knowledge: O
of: O
the: O
boundaries: O
of: O
the: O
areas: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
orbital: O
and: O
medial: O
frontal: O
regions: O
has: O
remained: O
incomplete.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Finally,: O
the: O
caudal: O
limit: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
frontal: O
cortex: O
included: O
two: O
fields: O
of: O
agranular: O
cingulate: O
cortex: O
(areas: O
24a: O
and: O
24b).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Somatostatin-: O
and: O
neuropeptide: O
Y-like: O
immunoreactivity: O
in: O
the: O
dentate: O
area,: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
subiculum: B-Individual_protein
of: O
the: O
domestic: O
pig.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

They: O
were: O
mainly: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
dentate: B-Individual_protein
granule: O
cell: O
layer: O
and: O
dentate: O
hilus,: O
stratum: O
radiatum: O
and: O
stratum: O
oriens: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
in: O
the: O
subicular: B-Individual_protein
cell: O
layer.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
from: O
the: O
ventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
in: O
rats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
area: O
differs: O
from: O
the: O
corresponding: O
region: O
in: O
the: O
cat: O
in: O
that: O
it: O
receives: O
direct: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
and: O
from: O
areas: O
17: O
and: O
18.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
bulk: O
of: O
the: O
projection: O
to: O
area: O
17: O
is: O
derived: O
from: O
the: O
principal: O
layers,: O
A: O
and: O
A1,: B-Individual_protein
while: O
most: O
cells: O
projecting: O
to: O
areas: O
18: O
and: O
SV: O
are: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
C-layer: O
complex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
no: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin(WGA): O
labeling: O
was: O
detected: O
in: O
motoneurons: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
subdivision: O
of: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
dorsolateral(DL): O
nucleus,: O
the: O
contralateral: O
dorsolateral(DL): O
nucleus,: O
or: O
the: O
dorsomedial(DM): O
nuclei: O
at: O
any: O
of: O
the: O
survival: O
times: O
studied: O
(1-7: O
days).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast,: O
FGF-2-: O
immunoreactivity(IR): O
appears: O
in: O
many: O
perikarya: O
of: O
the: O
red: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
medial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body,: O
whereas: O
in: O
control: O
rats: O
both: O
nuclei: O
showed: O
immunostained: O
fibers: O
and: O
almost: O
no: O
immunoreactive: O
cell: O
bodies.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
red: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
medial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body: O
may: O
synthesize: O
FGF-2: O
and: O
provide: O
the: O
growth: O
factor: O
to: O
afferent: O
or: O
efferent: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Labeled: O
neurons: O
were: O
found: O
contralaterally: O
in: O
the: O
supratrigeminal: O
region: O
(Vsup),: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
principal: O
sensory: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
subnucleus: O
oralis,: O
the: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
subnuclei: O
interpolaris: O
and: O
caudalis,: O
the: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
and: O
an: O
area: O
ventral: O
to: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
(Vmo): O
and: O
medial: O
to: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
principal: O
sensory: O
nucleus: O
(AVM).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Other: O
immunoreactive: O
neurons: O
are: O
visible: O
only: O
in: O
colchine-treated: O
rats: O
and: O
are: O
scattered: O
throughout: O
the: O
anterior: O
and: O
lateral: O
hypothalamic: O
areas: O
and: O
the: O
supramammillary: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Significant: O
deficits: O
due: O
to: O
undernutrition: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
weight: O
and: O
size: O
of: O
the: O
cerebrum,: B-Individual_protein
but: O
not: O
in: O
the: O
thickness: O
or: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
visual: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projection: O
appears: O
to: O
terminate: O
mainly: O
in: O
the: O
raphe: O
nuclei,: O
around: O
the: O
ventral: O
and: O
dorsal: O
tegmental: O
nuclei: O
of: O
Gudden,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
tegmental: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IP): O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
median: O
and: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nuclei: O
originate: O
predominantly: O
in: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IP): O
-R: O
and: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IP): O
-DM,: O
and: O
to: O
a: O
lesser: O
extent: O
in: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IP): O
-C,: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IP): O
-I,: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IP): O
-RL,: O
and: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IP): O
-DL.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

amygdalar: O
regions,: O
nucleus: O
accumbens),: O
whereas: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
septal: O
complex: O
are: O
absent: O
or: O
less: O
extensive.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
discharge: O
characteristics: O
and: O
adaptation: O
properties: O
of: O
the: O
visual: O
activity: O
were: O
often: O
similar: O
to: O
that: O
of: O
optic: O
nerve: O
fibers: O
from: O
normal: O
eyes: O
suggesting: O
that: O
axons: O
or: O
their: O
collaterals: O
branch: O
off: O
from: O
the: O
transplanted: O
optic: O
tract: O
and: O
arborize: O
within: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
in: O
the: O
barn: O
owl: O
contains: O
three: O
subdivisions:: O
the: O
central: O
(ICC),: O
external: O
(ICX),: O
and: O
superficial: O
(ICS): O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Retrograde: O
and: O
anterograde-transneuronal: O
degeneration: O
in: O
the: O
parabigeminal: O
nucleus: O
following: O
tectal: B-Individual_protein
lesions: O
in: O
developing: O
rats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Therefore: O
we: O
suggest: O
that: O
the: O
decreased: O
number: O
of: O
CA1: B-Individual_protein
and: O
CA3c: O
L-glutamic: O
acid: O
decarboxylase(GAD): O
-immunoreactive: O
neurons: O
visualized: O
11: O
days: O
after: O
ischemia: O
is: O
related: O
to: O
a: O
decreased: O
L-glutamic: O
acid: O
decarboxylase(GAD): O
production.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
origins: O
of: O
the: O
descending: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
pathways: O
in: O
sea: O
lampreys: O
(Petromyzon: O
marinus),: O
silver: O
lampreys: O
(Ichthyomyzon: O
unicuspis),: O
and: O
Pacific: O
hagfish: O
(Eptatretus: O
stouti): O
were: O
identified: O
by: O
the: O
retrograde: O
transport: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP): O
placed: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
identification: O
of: O
a: O
putative: O
dopaminergic: O
projection: O
to: O
primate: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
which: O
is: O
more: O
dense: O
and: O
widely: O
distributed: O
than: O
in: O
the: O
rodent,: O
parallels: O
similar: O
increases: O
in: O
dopaminergic: O
projections: O
reported: O
for: O
primate: O
cerebral: B-Individual_protein
neocortex.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
rhesus: O
monkey: O
does: O
not: O
have: O
a: O
recognizable: O
accessory: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
and: O
no: O
projections: O
were: O
seen: O
to: O
one: O
of: O
its: O
targets,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Focal: O
field: O
potentials: O
and: O
unitary: O
activity: O
evoked: O
by: O
dorsal: O
root: O
volleys: O
including: O
slowly-conducting: O
components: O
(both: O
myelinated: O
and: O
unmyelinated): O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
posteromarginal: O
zone: O
and: O
the: O
substantia: O
gelatinosa: O
(SG).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
3-acetylpyridine-treated: O
animals,: O
local: O
ablation: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
local: O
inactivation: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
cortex: O
produced: O
localized: O
suppression: O
of: O
the: O
intense: O
labeling: O
in: O
the: O
intracerebellar: O
nuclei: O
obtained: O
in: O
these: O
animals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Ipsilateral: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
subiculum: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
retrosplenial: O
cortex: O
in: O
the: O
guinea: O
pig.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
primary: O
goals: O
of: O
this: O
study: O
were: O
to: O
(1): O
examine: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
locus: O
coeruleus: O
(LC): O
neurons,: O
which: O
project: O
to: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
and: O
subcortical: O
sites: O
along: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
somatosensory: O
pathway: O
in: O
rats,: O
and: O
(2): O
determine: O
the: O
extent: O
to: O
which: O
different: O
regions: O
within: O
this: O
ascending: O
sensory: O
system: O
receive: O
collateral: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
same: O
locus: O
coeruleus(LC): O
neuron.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cross-sectional: O
profiles: O
of: O
77: O
gonadotropin: O
releasing: O
hormone(GnRH): O
cells: O
from: O
the: O
medial: O
basal: O
hypothalamus: O
(MBH): O
and: O
the: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
organum: O
vasculosum: O
of: O
the: O
lamina: O
terminalis: O
(OVLT): O
were: O
compared: O
between: O
the: O
two: O
developmental: O
stages.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
from: O
injections: O
involving: O
SIV: O
showed: O
reciprocal: O
connections: O
with: O
area: O
5,: O
the: O
suprasylvian: O
fringe,: O
insula,: O
dorsolateral: O
orbital: O
area,: O
and: O
area: O
6.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

But: O
whereas: O
GAP-43: O
mRNA: O
is: O
almost: O
entirely: O
lost: O
in: O
most: O
of: O
these: O
nuclei: O
in: O
the: O
adult: O
animal,: O
significant: O
levels: O
of: O
this: O
molecule: O
are: O
retained: O
in: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
and,: O
most: O
notably,: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
and: O
medial: O
superior: O
olivary: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurons: O
within: O
area: O
TR: O
were: O
never: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
from: O
injections: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
into: O
the: O
dentate: O
perforant: O
path: O
zone.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
in: O
cortex: O
responsive: O
to: O
high: O
frequency: O
tones: O
labeled: O
more: O
dorsal: O
parts: O
of: O
MGV: B-Individual_protein
than: O
injections: O
in: O
cortex: O
responsive: O
to: O
low: O
frequency: O
tones.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Immunoblot: O
analysis: O
reveals: O
complementary: O
levels: O
of: O
type: O
I: O
and: O
type: O
II: O
in: O
different: O
brain: O
regions,: O
with: O
the: O
highest: O
levels: O
of: O
type: O
I: O
in: O
brainstem,: O
cortex,: O
substantia: O
nigra,: O
and: O
caudate,: O
where: O
it: O
is: O
found: O
predominantly: O
on: O
the: O
soma: O
of: O
neurons,: O
and: O
the: O
highest: O
levels: O
of: O
type: O
II: O
in: O
globus: O
pallidus,: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
where: O
it: O
is: O
preferentially: O
localized: O
to: O
axons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

With: O
increasing: O
age,: O
the: O
amount: O
of: O
vesicular: O
zinc(Zn): O
increased: O
in: O
the: O
hilus(hi): O
ppocampus: O
and: O
other: O
forebrain: O
regions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Electron: O
microscope: O
autoradiography: O
was: O
used: O
to: O
identify: O
geniculate: B-Individual_protein
terminals: O
that: O
were: O
labeled: O
by: O
anterograde: O
transport: O
of: O
radioactivity: O
injected: O
into: O
the: O
A-laminae: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cytochrome: O
oxidase: O
response: O
to: O
cochlea: B-Individual_protein
removal: O
in: O
chicken: O
auditory: O
brainstem: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Of: O
the: O
total: O
population: O
of: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase-positive: O
cells,: O
double-labeled: O
neurons: O
constituted: O
25-50%: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area: O
and: O
10-30%: O
in: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
pars: O
compacta,: O
with: O
the: O
proportion: O
being: O
greater: O
in: O
medial: O
pars: O
compacta.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Targeted: O
disruption: O
of: O
the: O
m: O
Disabled(dab): O
1: O
gene: O
(m: O
Disabled(dab): O
1-1: O
mice): O
leads: O
to: O
anomalies: O
in: O
the: O
development: O
of: O
the: O
cerebrum,: B-Individual_protein
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
cerebellum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
further: O
topography: O
was: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
perirhinal: O
cortex: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
amygdaloid: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
afferent: O
projections: O
were: O
lesioned: O
to: O
explore: O
the: O
interplay: O
of: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
input: O
and: O
mabQ113: O
expression.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
used: O
electrophysiology: O
and: O
light: O
microscopy: O
of: O
intracellularly: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
tractus: O
solitarius: O
(nTS): O
in: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
slices: O
of: O
the: O
newborn: O
rat: O
(P0: O
to: O
P6): O
to: O
examine: O
the: O
functional: O
and: O
morphological: O
correlation: O
of: O
their: O
development.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

IA: O
positivity,: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
tractus: O
solitarius: O
neurons: O
showed: O
remarkably: O
different: O
morphological: O
features: O
(9: O
of: O
10: O
cells).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
obtained: O
in: O
the: O
experiments: O
indicated: O
that: O
the: O
main: O
target: O
of: O
ventral: O
medial: O
thalamic: O
nucleus(VM): O
efferents: O
is: O
represented: O
by: O
a: O
large: O
territory: O
anterior: O
to: O
the: O
cruciate: O
sulcus: O
involving: O
area: O
6: O
and: O
the: O
gyrus: O
proreus: O
and: O
extending: O
into: O
the: O
anterior: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
cortical: O
surface.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Weak-to-moderate: O
projections: O
are: O
found: O
to: O
the: O
cortex: O
of: O
the: O
middle: O
suprasylvian: O
and: O
anterior: O
ectosylvian: O
sulci,: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
the: O
cruciate: O
and: O
splenial: O
sulci,: O
all: O
of: O
which: O
have: O
been: O
reported: O
to: O
constitute: O
sensory: O
convergence: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
relative: O
frequency: O
of: O
these: O
appositional: O
and: O
synaptic: O
contacts: O
did: O
not: O
appear: O
to: O
differ: O
between: O
the: O
rat: O
and: O
monkey: O
prefrontal: O
cortex,: O
or: O
between: O
the: O
monkey: O
prefrontal: O
and: O
motor: O
cortices.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
intralaminar: O
nuclei: O
the: O
rostral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
centralis: O
lateralis: O
(CL): O
was: O
most: O
densely: O
labeled: O
by: O
orthogradely: O
transported: O
material,: O
particularly: O
in: O
its: O
dorsal: O
and: O
lateral: O
large-celled: O
portion.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
anuran: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nucleus(DCN): O
is: O
innervated: O
by: O
primary: O
and: O
non-primary: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
afferents,: O
by: O
primary: O
afferents: O
from: O
cranial: O
nerves: O
V,: O
VII,: O
IX,: O
and: O
X,: B-Individual_protein
by: O
serotonin-immunoreactive: O
fibers,: O
and: O
by: O
peptidergic: O
fibers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Published: O
reports: O
claim: O
that: O
the: O
physiological: O
class: O
of: O
on-direction-selective: O
ganglion: O
cells: O
provides: O
the: O
sole: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
input: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
terminal: O
nucleus(MTN): O
in: O
the: O
rabbit.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cortical: B-Individual_protein
connections: O
of: O
the: O
somatosensory: O
fields: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
sulcus: O
of: O
macaques:: O
evidence: O
for: O
a: O
corticolimbic: O
pathway: O
for: O
touch.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
of: O
glutamatergic: O
somatosensory: O
and: O
auditory: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
(CN): O
are: O
mostly: O
nonoverlapping:: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
nucleus: O
(Sp5): O
terminate: O
primarily: O
in: O
the: O
granule: O
cell: O
domains: O
(GCD): O
of: O
CN,: O
whereas: O
type: O
I: O
auditory: O
nerve: O
fibers: O
(ANFs): O
project: O
to: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
VCN: B-Individual_protein
(VCNm): O
and: O
deep: O
layers: O
of: O
Dorsal: O
CN: O
(DCN).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

By: O
using: O
anatomical: O
tracing: O
methods: O
and: O
(3)H-thymidine: O
neuronography,: O
we: O
have: O
mapped: O
the: O
retinotectal: O
projection: O
and: O
the: O
spatiotemporal: O
progression: O
of: O
tectal: O
cellular: O
development: O
onto: O
Eph/ephrin: O
expression: O
patterns: O
in: O
the: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
of: O
larval: O
Rana: O
pipiens,: O
as: O
studied: O
by: O
means: O
of: O
in: O
situ: O
affinity: O
analysis: O
with: O
fusion: O
proteins.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

neighboring: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(LGN): O
neurons: O
project: O
to: O
adjacent: O
regions: O
of: O
V1).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Two: O
of: O
these: O
can: O
be: O
identified: O
as: O
area: O
V2: O
and: O
the: O
middle: O
temporal: O
visual: O
area: O
(MT).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
second: O
group: O
consists: O
of: O
two: O
regions: O
of: O
labelling: O
in: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal: O
sulcus: O
corresponding: O
to: O
V4t: O
and: O
middle: O
temporal: O
visual: O
area(MT): O
and: O
another: O
on: O
the: O
annectant: O
gyrus: O
(V3A).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
medial: O
pallium: O
can: O
be: O
tentatively: O
homologized: O
with: O
the: O
mammalian: O
hippocampal: O
formation,: O
the: O
dorsal: O
pallium: O
with: O
allocortical: O
areas,: O
the: O
lateral: O
pallium: O
rostrally: O
with: O
the: O
piriform: O
and: O
caudally: O
with: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
cortex,: O
the: O
ventral: O
pallium: O
with: O
the: O
accessory: O
olfactory: O
amygdala.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
is: O
divided: O
into: O
three: O
cytoarchitecturally: O
distinct: O
subnuclei:: O
the: O
subnucleus: O
ovalis,: O
the: O
dorsal: O
subnucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
ventral: O
subnucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Dendrites: O
from: O
all: O
groups: O
extended: O
beyond: O
the: O
boundaries: O
of: O
the: O
facial: O
nucleus: O
into: O
the: O
reticular: O
formation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

GABAergic: O
interneurons,: O
the: O
major: O
source: O
of: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
inhibition,: O
comprise: O
a: O
heterogeneous: O
population: O
and: O
are: O
produced: O
in: O
proliferative: O
zones: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
telencephalon.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Some: O
cells: O
lie: O
below: O
these: O
levels,: O
adjacent: O
to: O
the: O
ependyma: B-Individual_protein
of: O
the: O
expanded: O
aqueduct,: O
the: O
mesencephalic: O
ventricle;: O
a: O
very: O
few: O
cells: O
occur: O
in: O
the: O
anterior: O
medullary: O
velum: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
adjacent: O
anterior: O
cerebellum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Unilateral: O
superior: O
cervical: O
ganglionectomy: O
of: O
mature: O
rats: O
revealed: O
exclusively: O
ipsilateral: O
distributions: O
of: O
catecholaminergic: O
histofluorescent: O
fibers: O
to: O
orbital: O
targets: O
(Meibomian: O
gland,: O
tarsal: O
muscle,: O
orbital: O
muscle,: O
iris,: O
ciliary: O
body,: O
vasculature): O
and: O
the: O
circle: O
of: O
Willis,: O
with: O
the: O
exception: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
cerebral: O
artery.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cells(RGC): O
populations: O
that: O
become: O
postmitotic: O
between: O
embryonic: O
stages: O
32: O
and: O
49,: O
during: O
the: O
initial: O
stages: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
growth,: O
lose: O
40-77%: O
of: O
their: O
cells: O
during: O
metamorphosis: O
(approximately: O
4,000-5,000: O
cells).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Twenty: O
percent: O
of: O
the: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cells(RGC): O
present: O
at: O
stage: O
54,: O
which: O
later: O
disappear,: O
represent: O
the: O
same: O
population: O
of: O
dying: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cells(RGC): O
that: O
were: O
present: O
at: O
stage: O
49.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Adenosine: O
deaminase: O
immunoreactive: O
cells: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
stratum: O
opticum: O
and: O
lower: O
stratum: O
griseum: O
superficiale;: O
substance: O
P: O
immunoreactive: O
cells: O
were: O
localized: O
to: O
the: O
upper: O
stratum: O
griseum: O
superficiale,: O
and: O
calcitonin: O
gene-related: O
peptide: O
immunolabelled: O
neurons: O
were: O
situated: O
in: O
deeper: O
strata.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
pontine: O
nuclei: O
is: O
strictly: O
ipsilateral: O
and: O
terminates: O
at: O
middle: O
and: O
caudal: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
pons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
degeneration: O
mimics: O
the: O
rapid: O
loss: O
of: O
geniculate: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
seen: O
after: O
visual: O
cortex: O
ablation: O
in: O
the: O
neonate.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
a: O
quantitative: O
analysis: O
of: O
dopamine-beta-hydroxylase(DBH): O
-: O
and: O
phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase(PNMT): O
-immunoreactive: O
fibers: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
parvocellular: O
subnucleus,: O
dorsal: O
division: O
(: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus(PVN): O
mpd): O
and: O
posterior: O
magnocellular: O
subnucleus,: O
lateral: O
division: O
(: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus(PVN): O
pml): O
was: O
performed: O
in: O
adult: O
rats: O
and: O
in: O
developing: O
rats: O
on: O
postnatal: O
day: O
(P)1,: O
P7,: O
P14,: O
and: O
P21.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
pulvinar's: O
efferents: O
are: O
to: O
homotypical: O
rather: O
than: O
heterotypical: O
cortex: O
and: O
its: O
connections: O
are: O
most: O
extensive: O
with: O
cortex: O
rather: O
than: O
with: O
subcortical: O
structures.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Comparisons: O
of: O
label: O
transported: O
from: O
uptake: O
of: O
isotope: O
by: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
pallidal: O
segment(MPS): O
,: O
and: O
cells: O
of: O
both: O
pallidal: O
segments,: O
suggest: O
that: O
the: O
lateral: O
pallidal: O
segment(LPS): O
projects: O
fibers: O
only: O
to: O
the: O
subthalamic: O
nucleus: O
(STN).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
present: O
study,: O
we: O
found: O
that: O
all: O
vocal: O
control: O
nuclei: O
within: O
the: O
budgerigar: O
forebrain: O
exhibit: O
prominent: O
mENK-like: O
immunoreactivity: O
(ELI): O
in: O
fibers: O
and: O
somata.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

With: O
antibodies: O
characterised: O
for: O
their: O
specificity,: O
cx26: O
and: O
cx30: O
colocalised: O
in: O
supporting: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
organ: O
of: O
Corti,: O
in: O
the: O
basal: O
cell: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
vascularis,: O
and: O
in: O
type: O
1: O
fibrocytes: O
of: O
the: O
spiral: O
ligament.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
total: O
of: O
42: O
dendritic: O
stratification: O
patterns: O
were: O
identified,: O
and: O
of: O
these,: O
18: O
patterns: O
were: O
common: O
to: O
the: O
tectal: O
RGCs: O
(tec-RGCs): O
and: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
RGCs: O
(tha-RGCs).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Localization: O
of: O
trigeminal,: O
spinal,: O
and: O
reticular: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
involved: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
blink: O
reflex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
adult: O
hemisphere,: O
both: O
mRNAs: O
were: O
more: O
intense: O
in: O
the: O
flocculus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
paraflocculus: B-Individual_protein
than: O
in: O
other: O
lobules.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Single: O
primary: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
were: O
anterogradely: O
labelled: O
either: O
with: O
the: O
lipophilic: O
carbocyanine: O
dye,: O
1,1'-dioctodecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine: O
perchlorate: O
(DiI),: O
or: O
with: O
horse-radish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP): O
by: O
localized: O
microinjections: O
into: O
the: O
nerve: O
fiber: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
olfactory: O
bulb.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
small: O
primary: O
visual: O
cortex: O
(V1): B-Individual_protein
was: O
located: O
closely: O
adjacent: O
to: O
S1,: B-Individual_protein
whereas: O
auditory: O
cortex: O
(A1): O
was: O
located: O
in: O
extreme: O
caudolateral: O
cortex,: O
partially: O
encircled: O
by: O
S2.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
cortical: O
organization: O
in: O
shrews: O
is: O
likely: O
a: O
derived: O
condition,: O
because: O
a: O
wide: O
range: O
of: O
extant: O
mammals: O
have: O
a: O
greater: O
number: O
of: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
subdivisions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
cells: O
fused: O
medially: O
with: O
cells: O
of: O
lamina: O
X.: O
Enkephalin: O
cells: O
were: O
also: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
sacral: O
autonomic: O
nucleus: O
and: O
encircling: O
the: O
central: O
cervical: O
nucleus,: O
Clarke's: O
column,: O
and: O
stilling's: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Upon: O
reaching: O
the: O
midbrain,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
medial: O
lemniscus: O
turns: O
dorsally: O
to: O
terminate: O
heavily: O
in: O
a: O
lateral: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
torus: O
semicircularis,: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
optic: O
tectum,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
subnucleus: O
of: O
the: O
nuc.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus,: O
although: O
these: O
fish: O
use: O
their: O
spinal: O
chemosense: O
as: O
other: O
fishes: O
use: O
their: O
external: O
taste: O
systems,: O
the: O
spinal: O
chemosense: O
apparently: O
relies: O
on: O
the: O
medial: O
lemniscal: O
system: O
to: O
guide: O
this: O
chemically: O
driven: O
feeding: O
behavior.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
parahippocampal: O
gyrus,: O
subtypes: O
II: O
and: O
VI: O
and: O
the: O
beta-subunit: O
mRNAs: O
exhibited: O
robust: O
expression: O
in: O
the: O
granule: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus: O
and: O
pyramidal: O
cell: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Third,: O
Müller: O
cell: O
rootlets: O
in: O
avascular: O
retinae: O
follow: O
a: O
more: O
tortuous: O
course: O
than: O
those: O
in: O
vascular: O
retinae,: O
reflecting: O
the: O
fact: O
that: O
photoreceptor: O
nuclei: O
in: O
the: O
two: O
types: O
of: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
have: O
different: O
shapes: O
and: O
stacking: O
patterns.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Numerous: O
small: O
cell-bodied: O
neurons: O
are: O
present: O
in: O
Nissl-stained: O
sections: O
of: O
parafascicular(PF): O
;: O
however,: O
cells: O
which: O
resemble: O
Golgi: O
type: O
II: O
neurons: O
were: O
not: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
parafascicular(PF): O
in: O
the: O
present: O
Golgi-impregnated: O
material.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Localization: O
of: O
3H-nicotine,: O
125I-kappa-bungarotoxin,: O
and: O
125I-alpha-bungarotoxin: O
binding: O
to: O
nicotinic: O
sites: O
in: O
the: O
chicken: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
midbrain.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Subsequent: O
axon: O
growth: O
rate: O
was: O
substantially: O
faster: O
for: O
those: O
from: O
frontal: O
cortex: O
(3.2: O
mm/day): O
than: O
occipital: O
cortex: O
(1.8: O
mm/day).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Axons: O
from: O
frontal: O
cortex: O
crossed: O
the: O
cerebral: O
midplane: O
first: O
(0.69: O
g,: O
E16.3),: O
followed: O
by: O
those: O
from: O
parietal: O
(0.74: O
g),: O
temporal: O
(0.77: O
g): O
and: O
occipital: O
cortex: O
(0.92: O
g,: O
E16.9).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Moderately: O
dense: O
plexuses: O
of: O
corticotropin-releasing: O
factor(CRF): O
-positive: O
fibers: O
also: O
were: O
seen: O
in: O
layer: O
Ia: O
of: O
the: O
periamygdaloid: O
cortex,: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
olfactory: O
tract,: O
anterior: O
and: O
posterior: O
cortical: O
nuclei,: O
and: O
the: O
medial: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Area: O
dorsalis: O
pars: O
posterior: O
sends: O
numerous: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
ventral: O
region: O
of: O
area: O
dorsalis: O
pars: O
medialis,: O
from: O
which: O
fibers: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
forebrain: O
bundle: O
arise: O
and: O
terminate: O
in: O
the: O
inferior: O
lobe: O
and: O
nucleus: O
posterior: O
tuberis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

An: O
average: O
of: O
15%: O
of: O
STT: B-Individual_protein
cells: O
and: O
8%: O
of: O
spinoreticular: O
cells: O
projected: O
to: O
both: O
the: O
reticular: O
formation: O
and: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
largely: O
preserved: O
spatial: O
relationships: O
in: O
the: O
pontine: B-Individual_protein
somatotopic: O
map: O
also: O
suggest: O
that: O
the: O
transformation: O
from: O
an: O
organized: O
topography: O
in: O
SI: B-Individual_protein
to: O
a: O
fractured: O
map: O
in: O
the: O
cerebellum: O
takes: O
place: O
primarily: O
in: O
the: O
mossy: O
fiber: O
pontocerebellar: O
projection.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

One: O
large: O
ascending: O
pathway: O
terminates: O
densely: O
in: O
most: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
periventricular: O
zone: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
with: O
the: O
notable: O
exception: O
of: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic,: O
suprachiasmatic: O
preoptic,: O
and: O
median: O
preoptic: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
birds,: O
displaced: O
ganglion: O
cells: O
(DGCs): O
constitute: O
the: O
exclusive: O
source: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
input: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
optic: O
root: O
(nBOR): O
of: O
the: O
accessory: O
optic: O
system.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
other: O
branch: O
sends: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
lateral: O
septal: O
nucleus,: O
nucleus: O
accumbens,: O
olfactory: O
tubercle,: O
and: O
infralimbic: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
prefrontal: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
dorsomedial: O
medullary: O
and: O
dorsolateral: O
pontine: O
cell: O
groups: O
contribute: O
ascending: O
and: O
descending: O
fibers: O
to: O
this: O
bundle.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
longitudinal: O
catecholamine: O
bundle: O
continues: O
caudally: O
into: O
the: O
lateral: O
funiculus: O
to: O
descend: O
into: O
and: O
innervate: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
less: O
dense: O
CGRPi: O
innervation: O
was: O
present: O
in: O
some: O
dorsal: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
periventricular: O
hypothalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

lobules: O
I-V: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
lobe: O
and: O
lobule: O
VIII: O
of: O
the: O
posterior: O
lobe,: O
with: O
the: O
highest: O
incidence: O
in: O
lobules: O
II,: O
III,: O
and: O
VIII.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
mapping: O
of: O
the: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
quadrants: O
in: O
the: O
LM: O
is: O
remarkably: O
similar: O
to: O
that: O
reported: O
in: O
the: O
optic: O
tectum: O
of: O
birds.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
suggest: O
that: O
a: O
common: O
embryological: O
anlage: O
with: O
the: O
optic: O
tectum: O
and: O
the: O
arrangement: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
in: O
the: O
optic: O
tract: O
are: O
important: O
factors: O
in: O
establishing: O
the: O
retinotopic: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
LM.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
origin,: O
course,: O
and: O
termination: O
of: O
the: O
commissural: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
were: O
studied: O
using: O
the: O
orthograde: O
and: O
autoradiographic: O
tracing: O
method: O
and: O
the: O
retrograde: O
method: O
utilizing: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
was: O
concluded: O
that: O
[3H]NA: O
had: O
been: O
taken: O
up: O
and: O
retrogradely: O
transported: O
exclusively: O
by: O
catecholamine: O
neurons;: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
dopamine(DA): O
cell: O
group: O
in: O
raphe: O
dorsalis(RD): O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
neostriatum;: B-Individual_protein
and: O
that: O
most: O
if: O
not: O
all: O
non-5-HT: O
neurons: O
projecting: O
from: O
raphe: O
dorsalis(RD): O
to: O
neostriatum: B-Individual_protein
are: O
likely: O
to: O
be: O
dopaminergic.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Areas: O
17,: O
18,: O
and: O
19: O
exhibited: O
a: O
similar: O
distribution: O
pattern.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
even: O
in: O
mice: O
with: O
extreme: O
deficiencies: O
of: O
the: O
corpus: O
callosum,: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
fibers: O
originate: O
from: O
and: O
terminate: O
in: O
all: O
major: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
cortex,: O
and,: O
within: O
these: O
areas,: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
cells: O
and: O
terminations: O
are: O
distributed: O
according: O
to: O
the: O
normal: O
plan.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
anterolateral,: O
dorsal,: O
and: O
dorsolateral: O
periolivary: O
nuclei: O
project: O
mainly: O
to: O
the: O
anteroventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus;: O
the: O
ventral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body: O
and: O
the: O
posterior: O
periolivary: O
nucleus: O
project: O
mainly: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
and: O
posteroventral: O
cochlear: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Two: O
main: O
groups: O
of: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase(TH): O
-immunoreactive: O
(: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase(TH): O
i): O
perikarya: O
appear: O
very: O
early: O
in: O
development:: O
one: O
group: O
in: O
the: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
which: O
gives: O
rise: O
to: O
the: O
future: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area,: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
and: O
retrorubral: O
cell: O
groups,: O
and: O
another: O
group: O
in: O
the: O
tuberomammillary: O
hypothalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

catecholaminergic(CA): O
cell: O
groups: O
that: O
appear: O
rather: O
late: O
in: O
development: O
include: O
the: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus: O
and: O
the: O
caudal: O
brainstem.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Catecholamine: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
tuberomammillary: O
hypothalamus: O
are: O
still: O
migrating,: O
immature: O
(absence: O
of: O
dendrites): O
and: O
express: O
only: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase(TH): O
immunoreactivity: O
at: O
the: O
time: O
of: O
first: O
detection.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
optic: O
nerve: O
crush: O
in: O
various: O
species: O
of: O
frog,: O
a: O
proportion: O
of: O
the: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cells: O
re-establishes: O
functional: O
contact: O
with: O
the: O
optic: O
tectum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
same: O
polarized: O
distribution: O
pattern: O
was: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
Purkinje,: O
Golgi,: O
basket,: O
stellate,: O
and: O
granule: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
also: O
in: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
and: O
the: O
midbrain.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
development: O
of: O
neurons: O
expressing: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid: O
(GABA): O
in: O
the: O
rhombencephalon: B-Individual_protein
and: O
spinal: O
cord: O
of: O
the: O
sea: O
lamprey: O
(Petromyzon: O
marinus): O
was: O
studied: O
for: O
the: O
first: O
time: O
with: O
an: O
anti-: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
antibody.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
used: O
the: O
anterograde: O
tracer,: O
Phaseolus: O
vulgaris-leucoagglutinin: O
(PHA-L): O
to: O
study: O
the: O
intrinsic: O
projections: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
Macaca: O
fascicularis: O
monkey: O
amygdaloid: O
complex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
dorsal: O
intermediate: O
division: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
intermediate: O
and: O
parvicellular: O
divisions: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
nucleus,: O
to: O
the: O
parvicellular: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
accessory: O
basal: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
periamygdaloid: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

NIA: O
maintains: O
a: O
topographic: O
relation: O
to: O
different: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
through: O
a: O
relay: O
in: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
red: O
nucleus: O
(RNm): O
and,: O
thus,: O
contains: O
a: O
motor: O
somatotopy.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Ultrastructural: O
localization: O
of: O
high-affinity: O
choline: O
transporter: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
anteroventral: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area:: O
differences: O
in: O
axon: O
morphology: O
and: O
transporter: O
distribution.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
found: O
that: O
choline: O
transporter(CHT): O
-immunoreactive: O
axon: O
varicosities: O
in: O
the: O
anteroventral: O
thalamus(AVN): O
displayed: O
a: O
smaller: O
cross-sectional: O
area: O
and: O
a: O
lower: O
frequency: O
of: O
synapse: O
formation: O
and: O
dense-cored: O
vesicle: O
content: O
than: O
choline: O
transporter(CHT): O
-labeled: O
profiles: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area(VTA): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
study: O
the: O
possibility: O
that: O
the: O
cholinergic: O
neurons: O
could: O
be: O
the: O
synaptic: O
targets: O
of: O
these: O
incoming: O
fibers,: O
the: O
subiculum,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
fornix,: O
and: O
the: O
midline/intralaminar: O
thalamus: O
were: O
lesioned: O
in: O
separate: O
animals: O
and: O
brain: O
sections: O
were: O
immunoprocessed: O
for: O
choline: O
acetyltransferase: O
and: O
studied: O
with: O
the: O
electron: O
microscope.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Transection: O
of: O
non-tectotectal: O
fibers: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
one-half: O
of: O
the: O
commissure: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
restores: O
visual: O
orienting: O
to: O
a: O
cat: O
previously: O
rendered: O
hemianopic: O
by: O
a: O
large: O
unilateral: O
visual: O
cortical: O
lesion.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
interpret: O
these: O
changes: O
in: O
the: O
morphology: O
of: O
deprived: O
retinogeniculate: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
to: O
suggest: O
that: O
abnormal: O
competitive: O
interactions: O
begin: O
by: O
affecting: O
primarily: O
immature: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(LGN): O
cells: O
and: O
their: O
axons: O
and: O
that: O
the: O
retinogeniculate: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
presynaptic: O
to: O
these: O
cells: O
experience: O
secondary: O
degenerative: O
effects.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
telencephalon,: B-Individual_protein
5HT-ir: O
cells: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
medioventral: O
wall: O
of: O
the: O
telencephalic: B-Individual_protein
ventricle,: O
rostral: O
to: O
the: O
anterior: O
commissure,: O
the: O
latter: O
being: O
cerebrospinal: O
fluid-contacting: O
(CSF-C): O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

HT-ir: O
non-: O
cerebrospinal: O
fluid-contacting(CSF-C): O
neurons: O
appeared: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
thalamic: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Areas: O
lateral: O
intraparietal(LIP): O
,: O
dorsal: O
prelunate(DP): O
,: O
and: O
7a: O
differed: O
in: O
receptive: O
field: O
and: O
saccade-related: O
properties.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

vasoactive: O
intestinal: O
polypeptide(VIP): O
immunoreactivity: O
was: O
confined: O
to: O
unmyelinated: O
axons: O
observed: O
at: O
several: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
sensory: O
pathway: O
including: O
the: O
dorsal: O
root: O
ganglia,: O
dorsal: O
roots,: O
Lissauer's: O
tract,: O
and: O
the: O
lateral: O
collateral: O
pathway.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

An: O
injection: O
in: O
the: O
low-frequency: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus(CNIC): O
,: O
produces: O
a: O
lamina: O
that: O
resembles: O
a: O
flattened: O
tube: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
corner: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus(DNLL): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

An: O
injection: O
in: O
the: O
high-frequency: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus(CNIC): O
,: O
by: O
contrast,: O
results: O
in: O
a: O
lamina: O
that: O
is: O
an: O
elongated: O
sheet: O
located: O
at: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
surface: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus(DNLL): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
showed: O
that: O
the: O
superior: O
vestibular: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
medial: O
vestibular: O
nucleus,: O
especially: O
its: O
rostral-to-middle: O
parts,: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
parafascicular: O
thalamic: O
nucleus: O
(corresponding: O
to: O
the: O
centromedian: O
nucleus: O
in: O
primates),: O
the: O
transitional: O
zone: O
between: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
thalamic: O
nucleus: O
(VL): O
and: O
the: O
ventral: O
posterolateral: O
thalamic: O
nucleus: O
(VPL): O
(the: O
region: O
considered: O
to: O
be: O
the: O
nucleus: O
ventralis: O
intermedius: O
of: O
Vogt: O
[Vogt: O
C.: O
1909.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

catecholamine(CA): O
activity: O
within: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
area(VLA): O
appears: O
to: O
be: O
derived: O
primarily: O
from: O
axons: O
of: O
cells: O
located: O
within: O
a: O
large: O
field: O
of: O
the: O
midbrain: O
tegmentum: B-Individual_protein
which: O
is: O
called: O
in: O
this: O
report: O
nucleus: O
tegmenti: O
pedunculo: O
pontinus: O
(TP).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

and: O
projects: O
upon: O
these: O
subtelencephalic: O
cell: O
groups:: O
the: O
anterior: O
and: O
posterior: O
entopeduncular: O
nuclei: O
(ENa: O
and: O
ENp),: O
the: O
ventral: O
lateral: O
and: O
ventral: O
medial: O
thalamic: O
areas: O
(Avl: O
and: O
Avm),: O
the: O
dorsal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
posterior: O
commissure: O
(nDCP),: O
and: O
tegmenti: O
pedunculo: O
pontinus(TP): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast,: O
the: O
reaction: O
is: O
weak: O
in: O
the: O
cortex,: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
anterior: O
dorso-ventricular: O
ridge,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
amygdala: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Optic: O
tectum,: O
pretectum,: B-Individual_protein
tegmentum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
isthmic: O
nuclei: O
are: O
the: O
areas: O
richest: O
in: O
glial: O
fibrillary: O
acidic: O
protein(GFAP): O
-positive: O
radial: O
fibers:: O
these: O
were: O
much: O
less: O
abundant: O
in: O
the: O
deep: O
mesencephalic: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
the: O
coronal: O
area: O
of: O
nucleus: O
magnocellularis(NM): O
in: O
the: O
sections: O
at: O
the: O
50th: O
and: O
65th: O
percentile: O
position,: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
nucleus: O
magnocellularis(NM): O
cell: O
density,: O
were: O
unaffected: O
by: O
the: O
exposure: O
at: O
all: O
recovery: O
intervals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Many: O
teleosts: O
possess: O
an: O
enlargement: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
diencephalon: O
called: O
the: O
inferior: O
lobe.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Taste: O
responses: O
(to: O
amino: O
acids: O
and: O
nucleotides): O
were: O
recorded: O
from: O
units: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
centralis: O
(nCLI),: O
nucleus: O
lobobulbaris: O
(caudal: O
portion--nLB,: O
rostrolateral: O
portion--rl: O
nLB,: O
and: O
parvicellular: O
portion--nLBp),: O
and: O
lateral: O
thalamic: O
nucleus: O
(nLT),: O
supporting: O
the: O
proposed: O
gustatory: O
role: O
for: O
these: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Units: O
from: O
the: O
nucleus: O
centralis(nCLI): O
and: O
nLB: O
had: O
lower: O
spontaneous: O
activity: O
than: O
those: O
from: O
other: O
nuclei,: O
and: O
typically: O
had: O
receptive: O
fields: O
including: O
the: O
whole: O
extraoral: O
body: O
surface,: O
ipsilaterally.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Stress: O
of: O
handling: O
and: O
(isotonic: O
saline): O
injection: O
induced: O
Fos: O
immunoreactivity(Fos-IR): O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
septal: O
nuclei,: O
central: O
amygdaloid: O
nuclei,: O
medial: O
amygdaloid: O
nucleus,: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
area,: O
the: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis,: O
cingulate-: O
and: O
piriform: O
cortex,: O
the: O
lateral: O
hypothalamic: O
area,: O
ventromedial: O
hypothalamic: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
habenular: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
present: O
study,: O
small: O
amounts: O
of: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin-conjugated: O
HRP: O
(WGA-HRP): O
were: O
injected: O
into: O
adult: O
rat: O
occipital: O
cortex: O
to: O
determine: O
how: O
afferents: O
from: O
the: O
different: O
visual: O
cortical: O
areas: O
are: O
distributed: O
within: O
the: O
various: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus(SC): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Preganglionic: O
neurons: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
intermediolateral: O
cell: O
column(IML): O
were: O
essentially: O
two-dimensional:: O
the: O
cells: O
had: O
some: O
dendrites: O
that: O
coursed: O
rostrocaudally: O
for: O
300-500: O
microns: O
within: O
the: O
intermediolateral: O
cell: O
column(IML): O
and: O
others: O
that: O
coursed: O
mediolaterally,: O
extending: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
surface: O
of: O
the: O
cord: O
and: O
close: O
to: O
the: O
central: O
canal.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

No: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
were: O
found: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cap.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Relatively: O
strong: O
ipsilateral: O
projections,: O
which: O
were: O
the: O
mirror: O
images: O
of: O
the: O
contralateral: O
projections,: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
group,: O
rostral: O
medial: O
accessory: O
olive,: O
and: O
ventral: O
leaf: O
of: O
the: O
principal: O
olive.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

When: O
both: O
the: O
inferior: O
olive: O
and: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei: O
are: O
considered: O
as: O
folded: O
but: O
continuous: O
sheets: O
of: O
grey: O
matter,: O
the: O
complete: O
nucleo-olivary: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
can: O
be: O
described: O
as: O
a: O
simple: O
transformation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
somatosensory: O
area: O
revealed: O
connections: O
with: O
SII,: B-Individual_protein
parietal: O
ventral: O
area(PV): O
,: O
area: O
1/2,: O
auditory: O
cortex,: O
entorhinal: O
cortex,: O
and: O
pyriform: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
wound: O
contraction: O
in: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
caused: O
the: O
optic: O
axons: O
near: O
the: O
lesion: O
site: O
to: O
grow: O
to: O
the: O
wound: O
center,: O
where: O
the: O
axons: O
traversed: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
and: O
formed: O
a: O
neuroma: O
at: O
the: O
ventricular: O
side,: O
resembling: O
the: O
organization: O
of: O
axons: O
at: O
the: O
optic: O
disc.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
absence: O
of: O
nerve: O
growth: O
factor: O
receptor(NGFr): O
-immunoreactive: O
neurons: O
within: O
the: O
caudate: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
paucity: O
of: O
such: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
putamen,: B-Individual_protein
suggests: O
that: O
NGF: O
receptors: O
play: O
a: O
limited: O
role: O
in: O
primate: O
neostriatal: B-Individual_protein
development.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
the: O
proposed: O
subdivision: O
of: O
the: O
occipital: O
cortex: O
relies: O
largely: O
on: O
the: O
pattern: O
of: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
afferents,: O
some: O
putative: O
human: O
visual: O
areas: O
appear: O
to: O
have: O
distinct: O
architectonic: O
features.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
compared: O
the: O
cholinergic: O
innervation: O
of: O
the: O
pulvinar: O
nucleus,: O
a: O
thalamic: O
association: O
nucleus,: O
to: O
previous: O
studies: O
of: O
the: O
cholinergic: O
innervation: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
(dLGN),: O
a: O
thalamic: O
relay: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Layer: O
formation: O
in: O
ferret: O
somatosensory: O
cortex: O
follows: O
many: O
established: O
principles: O
of: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
neurogenesis,: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
well-known: O
inside-out: O
development: O
of: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
layers: O
and: O
the: O
rostro-to-caudal: O
progression: O
of: O
cell: O
birth.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

There: O
is: O
a: O
sequential: O
onset: O
of: O
pattern: O
formation,: O
first: O
in: O
brainstem,: B-Individual_protein
then: O
in: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
finally: O
in: O
cortex,: B-Individual_protein
with: O
a: O
long: O
delay: O
between: O
afferent: O
arrival: O
and: O
pattern: O
formation: O
at: O
each: O
level.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Extremely: O
high: O
densities: O
of: O
dopamine-beta-hydroxylase-immunoreactive: O
processes: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
and: O
supraoptic: O
nuclei,: O
while: O
relatively: O
lower: O
levels: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
arcuate: O
and: O
dorsomedial: O
nuclei: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
preoptic,: O
perifornical,: O
and: O
suprachiasmatic: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cap: O
and: O
ventrolateral: O
outgrowth: O
contain: O
significantly: O
more: O
crest: O
synapses: O
than: O
any: O
other: O
olivary: O
subnucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
rhombencephalon,: O
labelled: O
perikarya: O
were: O
detected: O
in: O
the: O
secondary: O
visceral: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
central: O
gray,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract,: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nuclei,: O
and: O
the: O
spinal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
nerve.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
densest: O
accumulations: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
accessory: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
pars: O
lateralis: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
ventral: O
habenula,: O
the: O
posterior: O
pituitary,: O
the: O
optic: O
tectum,: O
the: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
saccular: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

If: O
we: O
can: O
assume: O
that: O
the: O
conservative: O
opossum: O
retains: O
characteristics: O
reflecting: O
an: O
early: O
stage: O
of: O
mammalian: O
evolution,: O
the: O
results: O
suggest: O
that: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
local: O
circuit: O
neurons: O
arose: O
first: O
in: O
the: O
visual: O
system: O
and: O
only: O
later: O
in: O
evolution: O
spread: O
throughout: O
the: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Quantitative: O
stereological: O
analyses: O
of: O
Nissl: O
sections: O
revealed: O
smaller: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
periolivary: O
nucleus(DMPO): O
and: O
ventral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body(VNTB): O
of: O
young: O
adult: O
C57s: O
compared: O
with: O
CBAs.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
medulla: O
oblongata,: O
Phox2b-immunoreactive: O
nuclei: O
were: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
vagal: O
complex,: O
intermediate: O
reticular: O
nucleus,: O
dorsomedial: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
nucleus,: O
nucleus: O
ambiguus,: O
catecholaminergic: O
neurons,: O
and: O
retrotrapezoid: O
nucleus: O
(RTN).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

With: O
only: O
19%: O
of: O
all: O
neurons: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex,: O
greater: O
cortical: O
size: O
(representing: O
82%: O
of: O
total: O
brain: O
mass): O
in: O
humans: O
compared: O
with: O
other: O
primates: O
does: O
not: O
reflect: O
an: O
increased: O
relative: O
number: O
of: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Within: O
dopaminergic(DA-): O
cells,: O
we: O
found: O
a: O
cell: O
group: O
in: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
C: O
which: O
contains: O
cholecystokinin(CCK): O
,: O
calretinin(CR): O
,: O
and: O
calbindin(CB): O
(dm: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
C);: O
dopaminergic(DA-): O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
pars: O
lateralis: O
(: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
L): O
which: O
also: O
contain: O
cholecystokinin(CCK): O
,: O
calretinin(CR): O
and: O
calbindin(CB): O
;: O
dopaminergic(DA-): O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
half: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
C: O
containing: O
cholecystokinin(CCK): O
and: O
calretinin(CR): O
(r: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
C);: O
dopaminergic(DA-): O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
R: O
and: O
the: O
caudal: O
half: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
C: O
which: O
only: O
express: O
calretinin(CR): O
(c: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
C-: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
R),: O
and: O
a: O
dopaminergic(DA-): O
cell: O
group: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
C: O
that: O
contains: O
none: O
of: O
the: O
markers: O
studied: O
(l: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
C).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projections: O
from: O
nasal: O
retinal: O
sectors: O
were: O
always: O
lightly: O
constructed: O
in: O
the: O
aberrant: O
terminal: O
field,: O
whereas: O
their: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
complex: O
remained: O
reasonably: O
strong.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurons: O
of: O
the: O
chick: O
cochlear: O
nucleus,: O
nucleus: O
magnocellularis: O
(NM),: O
require: O
eighth: O
nerve: O
activation: O
of: O
metabotropic: O
glutamate: O
receptors: O
(mGluRs): O
for: O
maintenance: O
of: O
intracellular: O
calcium: O
homeostasis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
thus: O
investigated: O
by: O
light: O
and: O
electron: O
microscopy: O
the: O
association: O
of: O
gamma-Aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
neurons: O
(labeled: O
for: O
glutamic: O
acid: O
decarboxylase: O
[GAD]): O
with: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
microvessels: O
and/or: O
nitric: O
oxide(NO): O
neurons: O
(identified: O
by: O
nicotinamide: O
adenine: O
dinucleotide: O
[NADPH-D]: O
histochemistry): O
within: O
the: O
frontoparietal: O
and: O
perirhinal: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
rats: O
injected: O
with: O
tetramethylrhodamine: O
dextran: O
amine(TMR-DA): O
into: O
the: O
facial: O
nucleus,: O
glutamic: O
acid: O
decarboxylase(GAD): O
/: O
tetramethylrhodamine: O
dextran: O
amine(TMR-DA): O
and: O
Gly/: O
tetramethylrhodamine: O
dextran: O
amine(TMR-DA): O
neurons: O
were: O
also: O
encountered: O
in: O
the: O
paralemniscal: O
zone: O
of: O
the: O
midbrain: O
tegmentum: B-Individual_protein
bilaterally: O
with: O
an: O
apparent: O
dominance: O
on: O
the: O
side: O
contralateral: O
to: O
the: O
injection: O
site.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Primary: O
visual: O
cortex: O
(V1): B-Individual_protein
was: O
delineated: O
by: O
a: O
caudomedial: O
cytochrome: O
oxidase: O
dark: O
oval,: O
and: O
a: O
more: O
lateral: O
visual: O
area: O
between: O
V1: B-Individual_protein
and: O
somatosensory: O
cortex: O
corresponded: O
to: O
V2,: B-Individual_protein
or: O
area: O
18.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
small: O
component: O
ascends: O
farther: O
rostralwards: O
to: O
terminate: O
in: O
the: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
the: O
octavolateral: O
area,: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
nuclear: O
complex,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
granular: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Beyond: O
the: O
midbrain,: B-Individual_protein
various: O
dorsal: O
and: O
particularly: O
ventral: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
and: O
the: O
posterior: O
tubercle: O
are: O
innervated: O
by: O
this: O
ascending: O
sensory: O
channel.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

THir: O
cells: O
were: O
also: O
seen: O
in: O
other: O
forebrain: O
areas: O
(retrobulbar: O
area,: O
dorsal: O
and: O
ventral: O
telencephalic: O
areas,: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
ventral: O
thalamus,: O
pretectal: O
area): O
and: O
in: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
(locus: O
coeruleus,: O
viscerosensory: O
area,: O
caudal: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
and: O
area: O
postrema).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Without: O
Neurolin-b,: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cell(RGC): O
axons: O
grow: O
in: O
highly: O
aberrant: O
routes: O
along: O
the: O
optic: O
tract: O
and/or: O
fail: O
to: O
reach: O
the: O
optic: O
tectum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Here,: O
immunoelectron: O
microscopy: O
was: O
conducted: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
to: O
identify: O
potential: O
cellular: O
interactions: O
between: O
endomorphin-1(EM-1): O
and: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase: O
(TH): O
-labeled: O
cellular: O
profiles: O
in: O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus: O
(LC): O
and: O
peri-: O
locus: O
coeruleus(LC): O
,: O
an: O
area: O
known: O
to: O
contain: O
extensive: O
noradrenergic: O
dendrites: O
of: O
locus: O
coeruleus(LC): O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
the: O
anterior: O
entopeduncular: O
nucleus,: O
central: O
thalamic: O
nucleus,: O
anterior: O
and: O
posteroventral: O
divisions: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
thalamic: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
torus: O
semicircularis: O
project: O
exclusively: O
to: O
the: O
striatum,: B-Individual_protein
whereas: O
the: O
anterior: O
thalamic: O
nucleus,: O
anteroventral,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
anterodorsal: O
tegmental: O
nuclei: O
provide: O
inputs: O
solely: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Additional: O
catecholaminergic: O
afferents: O
to: O
the: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens: O
arise: O
from: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract,: O
where: O
catecholaminergic: O
neurons: O
appear: O
to: O
give: O
rise: O
to: O
the: O
bulk: O
of: O
the: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
basal: O
forebrain.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

the: O
subfornical: O
organ,: O
the: O
vascular: O
organ: O
of: O
the: O
lamina: O
terminalis,: O
and: O
the: O
area: O
postrema,: O
GLAST: O
is: O
strongly: O
expressed,: O
whereas: O
GLT-1: O
is: O
faintly: O
expressed: O
or: O
absent.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
pituitary: B-Individual_protein
gland,: O
GLAST: O
is: O
likely: O
expressed: O
by: O
folliculo-stellate: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
anterior: O
lobe,: O
by: O
a: O
group: O
of: O
astrocyte-like: O
cells: O
and: O
by: O
marginal: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
intermediate: O
lobe,: O
and: O
by: O
pituicytes: O
in: O
the: O
posterior: O
lobe,: O
whereas: O
GLT-1: O
is: O
expressed: O
only: O
by: O
the: O
astrocyte-like: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
intermediate: O
lobe.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
expression: O
of: O
PMP-22: O
started: O
at: O
embryonic: O
day: O
(E)11.5,: O
in: O
restricted: O
longitudinal: O
and: O
transverse: O
domains,: O
in: O
the: O
ventricular: O
zone: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord,: O
rhombencephalon,: O
mesencephalon: B-Individual_protein
and: O
prosencephalon.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

By: O
24: O
hours: O
after: O
AMPA: O
treatment,: O
calretinin: O
immunostaining: O
was: O
reduced: O
in: O
deafferented: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nuclei: O
and: O
their: O
axons: O
in: O
the: O
superior: O
olivary: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast,: O
calbindin: O
D28k: O
immunoreactivity: O
levels: O
by: O
this: O
time: O
were: O
higher: O
in: O
deafferented: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body: O
and: O
their: O
axons: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
superior: O
olivary: O
nucleus: O
(LSO).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
a: O
companion: O
paper: O
(Jacquin: O
et: O
al.,: O
'89),: O
the: O
structure: O
and: O
function: O
of: O
local: O
circuit: O
(LC): O
neurons: O
in: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
(V): O
subnucleus: O
interpolaris: O
(Sp: O
Vi): O
were: O
described.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Morphometric: O
analyses: O
of: O
the: O
more: O
heavily: O
sampled: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
and: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
projecting,: O
vibrissa(e)-sensitive: O
cells: O
indicated: O
the: O
following.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus,: O
none: O
were: O
antidromically: O
activated: O
from: O
the: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
tectum,: B-Individual_protein
or: O
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
their: O
axons: O
could: O
be: O
seen: O
terminating: O
exclusively: O
within: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
brainstem: O
complex: O
or: O
reticular: O
formation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurophysin-containing: O
pathway: O
from: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
to: O
a: O
sexually: O
dimorphic: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
in: O
lumbar: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
into: O
the: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis: O
labeled: O
a: O
major: O
proportion: O
of: O
the: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid-immunoreactive(GABA-IR): O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Further,: O
physiological: O
findings: O
implicating: O
the: O
intrinsic: O
GABAergic: O
system: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
extended: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
tonic: O
inhibition: O
of: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
efferents: O
are: O
reviewed.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Serotoninergic: O
fibers: O
appear: O
to: O
be: O
almost: O
completely: O
absent: O
in: O
the: O
large: O
and: O
differentiated: O
corpus: O
and: O
valvula: O
cerebelli.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Granule: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
fascia: O
dentata: O
and: O
the: O
stratum: O
radiatum: O
of: O
CA3: O
both: O
contained: O
moderate: O
to: O
high: O
levels: O
of: O
calcium-calmodulin: O
protein: O
kinase: O
II: O
mRNA,: O
but: O
near: O
background: O
levels: O
of: O
GAP43: O
mRNA: O
label.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cell: O
bodies: O
of: O
the: O
efferent: O
vestibular: O
neurons: O
are: O
located: O
between: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
trigeminal: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
facial: O
motor: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cells: O
with: O
receptive: O
fields: O
crossing: O
the: O
dorsal: O
midline: O
of: O
the: O
tail: O
(n: O
=: O
8): O
had: O
somata: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
ipsilateral: O
dorsal: O
horn,: O
and: O
some: O
of: O
these: O
cells: O
(5/8): O
had: O
dendrites: O
which: O
crossed: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
contralateral: O
dorsal: O
horn.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Not: O
all: O
ventricular: O
linings: O
contain: O
tanycytes:: O
cell: O
density: O
is: O
low: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
ventricle: O
of: O
the: O
telencephalon: B-Individual_protein
and: O
in: O
the: O
infundibular: O
recess,: O
and: O
high: O
along: O
the: O
fourth: O
ventricle.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
body: O
and: O
adjacent: O
posterior: O
thalamus: O
of: O
the: O
Virginia: O
opossum: O
was: O
studied: O
in: O
Nissl-,: O
Golgi-,: O
reduced: O
silver,: O
and: O
myelin-stained: O
preparations.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Finally,: O
chicken-II: O
GAP: O
immunoreactivity: O
was: O
only: O
detected: O
in: O
large: O
synencephalic: O
cells,: O
which: O
are: O
the: O
origin: O
of: O
a: O
profuse: O
innervation: O
reaching: O
the: O
telencephalon,: B-Individual_protein
preoptic: O
area,: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
pretectum,: B-Individual_protein
posterior: O
tuberculum,: O
mesencephalic: O
tectum: O
and: O
tegmentum,: B-Individual_protein
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
rhombencephalon.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Relatively: O
high: O
levels: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
medial: O
habenula: O
and: O
lateral: O
piriform: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Low: O
levels: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
cerebral: O
cortex: O
layers: O
II: O
and: O
III,: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
olfactory: O
tract.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
eight: O
weeks: O
and: O
16: O
weeks: O
after: O
spinal: O
cord: O
transection,: O
an: O
average: O
of: O
49%: O
and: O
68%,: O
respectively,: O
of: O
descending: O
brain: O
neurons,: O
including: O
many: O
unidentified: O
reticulospinal(RS): O
neurons,: O
were: O
double: O
labeled.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Sequential: O
to: O
companion: O
articles: O
that: O
report: O
the: O
projections: O
of: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
angularis: O
(NA): O
and: O
the: O
third-order: O
nucleus: O
laminaris: O
(NL): O
to: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
(MLd): O
and: O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
olive: O
(OS): O
and: O
lateral: O
lemniscal: O
nuclei: O
(LLV,: O
LLI,: O
and: O
LLD): O
(Krützfeldt: O
et: O
al.,: O
J: O
Comp: O
Neurol,: O
this: O
issue),: O
we: O
here: O
describe: O
the: O
projections: O
of: O
the: O
latter: O
group: O
of: O
nuclei: O
using: O
standard: O
tract-tracing: O
methods.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

LLV: O
also: O
provides: O
auditory: O
input: O
to: O
the: O
song: O
system,: O
via: O
nucleus: O
uvaeformis,: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
thalamo-telencephalic: O
auditory: O
system,: O
via: O
nucleus: O
ovoidalis: O
(Ov),: O
thus: O
bypassing: O
MLd.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
nucleus: O
angularis(NA): O
projections: O
are: O
heavier: O
than: O
those: O
of: O
nucleus: O
laminaris(NL): O
and: O
differ: O
from: O
them: O
primarily: O
in: O
their: O
terminations: O
within: O
LLD:: O
nucleus: O
angularis(NA): O
projects: O
to: O
LLD: O
consists: O
of: O
posterior(LLDp): O
,: O
whereas: O
nucleus: O
laminaris(NL): O
projects: O
to: O
LLDa.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast,: O
in: O
the: O
zebra: O
finch,: O
although: O
nucleus: O
angularis(NA): O
and: O
nucleus: O
laminaris(NL): O
projections: O
remain: O
separate: O
within: O
LLD,: O
the: O
projections: O
of: O
LLDa: O
and: O
LLD: O
consists: O
of: O
posterior(LLDp): O
become: O
intermixed: O
within: O
MLd: O
(Wild: O
et: O
al.,: O
J: O
Comp: O
Neurol,: O
this: O
issue),: O
consistent: O
with: O
the: O
intermixing: O
of: O
the: O
direct: O
nucleus: O
angularis(NA): O
and: O
nucleus: O
laminaris(NL): O
projections: O
to: O
MLd: O
(Krützfeldt: O
et: O
al.,: O
J: O
Comp: O
Neurol,: O
this: O
issue).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
the: O
same: O
stage,: O
M2: O
expression: O
also: O
occurred: O
in: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
diencephalon: O
adjacent: O
to: O
the: O
M2-positive: O
telencephalic: O
region,: O
with: O
caudal: O
extension: O
along: O
the: O
dorsal: O
midline,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
zona: O
limitans: O
intrathalamica.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
effect: O
of: O
binocular: O
central: O
retinal: O
lesions: O
on: O
the: O
expression: O
of: O
the: O
immediate: O
early: O
genes: O
c-fos: O
and: O
zif268: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
(dLGN): O
and: O
the: O
visual: O
cortex: O
of: O
adult: O
cats: O
was: O
investigated: O
by: O
in: O
situ: O
hybridization: O
and: O
immunocytochemistry.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Some: O
amphibian: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cells: O
die: O
during: O
optic: O
nerve: O
regeneration.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
discrete: O
localization: O
of: O
pituitary: B-Individual_protein
adenylate: O
cyclase-activating: O
polypeptide(PACAP): O
binding: O
sites: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
PAC1-R: O
and: O
VPAC1-R: O
mRNAs: O
in: O
neuroepithelia: O
during: O
embryonic: O
life: O
and: O
postnatal: O
development: O
strongly: O
suggests: O
that: O
pituitary: B-Individual_protein
adenylate: O
cyclase-activating: O
polypeptide(PACAP): O
,: O
acting: O
through: O
PAC1-R: O
and/or: O
VPAC1-R,: O
may: O
play: O
a: O
crucial: O
role: O
in: O
the: O
regulation: O
of: O
neurogenesis: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
brain.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
prefrontal,: O
premotor,: O
prelimbic,: O
and: O
medial: O
paralimbic: O
areas,: O
acetylcholinesterase(AChE): O
reactivity: O
showed: O
a: O
characteristic: O
bilaminar: O
appearance: O
due: O
to: O
a: O
combination: O
of: O
positive: O
neuronal: O
and: O
fiber: O
labeling: O
in: O
deep: O
layer: O
III: O
and: O
layer: O
V.: O
In: O
addition,: O
layer: O
I: O
contained: O
dense: O
acetylcholinesterase(AChE): O
-reactive: O
fiber: O
plexuses: O
labeled: O
throughout: O
the: O
frontal: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Quantitative: O
autoradiographic: O
maps: O
of: O
local: O
cerebral: O
glucose: O
metabolism: O
in: O
awake: O
rats:: O
I.: O
Septal: O
region: O
and: O
anterior: O
hypothalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Whereas: O
the: O
male: O
antennal: O
lobe: O
has: O
a: O
macroglomerular: O
complex: O
consisting: O
of: O
three: O
and: O
four: O
units: O
in: O
the: O
two: O
species,: O
the: O
female: O
lobe: O
has: O
two: O
enlarged: O
glomeruli: O
at: O
a: O
corresponding: O
position,: O
near: O
the: O
entrance: O
of: O
the: O
antennal: O
nerve.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
dendro-architectonic: O
classification: O
into: O
four: O
groups: O
[vertical: O
(X3,: O
X4,: O
T2,: O
I),: O
horizontal: O
(X5,: O
A),: O
radiating: O
(X1,: O
T1,: O
I),: O
and: O
tufted: O
(X2)]: O
can: O
be: O
made: O
and: O
would: O
relate: O
to: O
the: O
mode: O
of: O
integration: O
of: O
various: O
tectopetal: O
inputs.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Functional: O
and: O
anatomical: O
connection: O
between: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
dopamine: O
fibers: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cholinergic: O
innervation: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
hippocampus: O
proper: O
and: O
fascia: O
dentata: O
was: O
investigated: O
by: O
using: O
a: O
monoclonal: O
antibody: O
against: O
choline: O
acetyltransferase: O
(ChAT).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
(SC): O
is: O
also: O
sensitive: O
to: O
such: O
stimuli: O
and: O
sends: O
a: O
projection: O
directly: O
to: O
Dopaminergic(DA): O
-containing: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
midbrain.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
extent: O
and: O
distribution: O
of: O
retrogradely: O
labelled: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
indicated: O
a: O
substantial: O
and: O
highly: O
ordered: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus(LRN): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

All: O
segments: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
contributed: O
to: O
the: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus(LRN): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lumbar: O
spinal: O
projection: O
terminated: O
in: O
the: O
contralateral: O
lateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus(LRN): O
,: O
and: O
the: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
origin: O
were: O
located: O
mainly: O
in: O
lamina: O
VIII.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Most: O
if: O
not: O
all: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus(LRN): O
received: O
afferents: O
from: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
lateral: O
nucleus: O
(LN): O
only: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
frequency: O
range: O
of: O
hearing: O
was: O
represented: O
and: O
tonotopicity: O
was: O
separate: O
from: O
that: O
in: O
the: O
rest: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus(IC): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

When: O
Fast: O
Blue: O
injections: O
confined: O
to: O
the: O
mid-: O
or: O
upper-cervical: O
spinal: O
cord: O
are: O
made: O
on: O
P4: O
and: O
the: O
animals: O
are: O
killed: O
on: O
P9,: O
again: O
many: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
are: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
occipital: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Normal: O
and: O
regenerating: O
optic: O
fibers: O
in: O
goldfish: O
tectum:: B-Individual_protein
HRP-EM: O
evidence: O
for: O
rapid: O
synaptogenesis: O
and: O
optic: O
fiber-fiber: O
affinity.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
rat,: O
the: O
lateral: O
segment,: O
which: O
constitutes: O
approximately: O
one-third: O
of: O
mediodorsal: O
nucleus(MD): O
,: O
projects: O
to: O
a: O
relatively: O
large: O
expanse: O
of: O
rostral: O
medial: O
cortex: O
which: O
is: O
also: O
projected: O
upon: O
by: O
the: O
anteromedial: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Preganglionic: O
cell: O
bodies: O
were: O
labeled: O
in: O
the: O
intermediate: O
gray: O
matter: O
extending: O
from: O
its: O
lateral: O
border: O
ventrolaterally: O
across: O
to: O
the: O
central: O
canal.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Both: O
growth: O
factors: O
prevented: O
the: O
disappearance: O
of: O
cholinergic: O
cell: O
bodies: O
in: O
medial: O
septal: O
nucleus: O
and: O
vertical: O
limb: O
of: O
the: O
diagonal: O
band.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Expression: O
of: O
alpha9: O
acetylcholine: O
receptor: O
(AChR): O
mRNA: O
was: O
studied: O
by: O
in: O
situ: O
hybridization: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
adult: O
and: O
developing: O
cochlea: B-Individual_protein
and: O
vestibular: O
inner: O
ear.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

butyrylcholinesterase(BuChE): O
-positive: O
neurons: O
were: O
present: O
in: O
up: O
to: O
10%: O
of: O
the: O
neuronal: O
profiles: O
in: O
lateral,: O
basolateral: O
(basal),: O
basomedial: O
(accessory: O
basolateral(basal): O
),: O
central,: O
cortical,: O
and: O
medial: O
amygdaloid: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Mapping: O
of: O
evoked: O
electrical: O
multiple: O
unit: O
activity: O
recorded: O
from: O
the: O
granule: O
cell: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
corpus: O
shows: O
separate: O
visual: O
and: O
tactile: O
areas,: O
mostly: O
confined: O
to: O
the: O
anterior: O
and: O
posterior: O
lobes,: O
respectively.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
hypothesis: O
that: O
glutamate: O
corelease: O
might: O
account: O
for: O
the: O
maintenance: O
of: O
the: O
entirely: O
synaptic: O
acetylcholine(ACh): O
innervation: O
in: O
parafascicular(PF): O
was: O
refuted: O
by: O
the: O
lack: O
of: O
colocalization: O
of: O
choline: O
acetyltransferase(ChAT): O
and: O
vesicular: O
glutamate: O
transporter: O
2: O
(VGLUT2): O
in: O
parafascicular(PF): O
axon: O
varicosities: O
after: O
dual: O
immunolabeling.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Our: O
results: O
demonstrated: O
that: O
most: O
of: O
the: O
neocortex: B-Individual_protein
is: O
occupied: O
by: O
the: O
visual,: O
auditory,: O
and: O
somatosensory: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

All: O
five: O
nucleus: O
magnocellularis(NM): O
DA: O
subunits: O
were: O
expressed: O
in: O
the: O
auditory: O
brainstem: O
before: O
embryonic: O
day: O
(E): O
10,: O
when: O
electrical: O
activity: O
and: O
synaptic: O
responses: O
appear: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
magnocellularis: O
(: O
nucleus: O
magnocellularis(NM): O
): O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
laminaris: O
(NL).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

calbindin: O
D-28K(CB): O
-immunoreactivity: O
was: O
found: O
in: O
most: O
amacrine: O
cells: O
and: O
some: O
horizontal: O
cells,: O
and: O
a: O
subset: O
of: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
ganglion: O
cell: O
layer: O
that: O
were: O
more: O
frequent: O
in: O
the: O
nasal: O
than: O
the: O
temporal: O
retina: O
at: O
13-15: O
W.: O
Bipolar: O
cells: O
were: O
distinctly: O
immunostained: O
for: O
calbindin: O
D-28K(CB): O
by: O
24: O
W.: O
Foveal: O
cones: O
showed: O
faint: O
calbindin: O
D-28K(CB): O
labeling: O
by: O
24: O
W: O
and: O
intense: O
staining: O
at: O
32: O
W.: O
The: O
patterns: O
of: O
calbindin: O
D-28K(CB): O
-: O
and: O
parvalbumin(PV): O
-immunoreactivities: O
by: O
birth: O
were: O
similar: O
to: O
those: O
at: O
32: O
W: O
with: O
the: O
addition: O
of: O
faint: O
calbindin: O
D-28K(CB): O
-immunolabeling: O
occurring: O
beyond: O
the: O
fovea: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
photoreceptors.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
early: O
expression: O
of: O
parvalbumin(PV): O
and: O
calbindin: O
D-28K(CB): O
in: O
ganglion: O
cell: O
axons: O
might: O
be: O
related: O
to: O
optic: O
nerve: O
outgrowth,: O
including: O
path-finding: O
at: O
the: O
optic: O
chiasm.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Calcium-binding: O
protein: O
(calbindin-D28k): O
and: O
parvalbumin: O
immunocytochemistry:: O
localization: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
with: O
specific: O
reference: O
to: O
the: O
selective: O
vulnerability: O
of: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
to: O
seizure: O
activity.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Axonal: O
elimination: O
may: O
play: O
a: O
role: O
in: O
the: O
perinatal: O
pause: O
in: O
corpus: O
callosum(CC): O
A: O
growth: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
concomitant: O
changes: O
in: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
shape.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Precisely: O
at: O
the: O
border: O
between: O
areas: O
17: O
and: O
18,: O
the: O
laminar: O
innervation: O
patterns: O
and: O
density: O
characteristic: O
of: O
noradrenergic(NA): O
fibers: O
in: O
area: O
17: O
(Morrison: O
et: O
al.,: O
'82a;: O
Kosofsky: O
et: O
al.,: O
'84): O
shift: O
so: O
that: O
layer: O
IV: O
of: O
area: O
18: O
contains: O
more: O
fibers: O
than: O
layer: O
IV: O
of: O
area: O
17,: O
and: O
the: O
overall: O
density: O
of: O
fibers: O
in: O
area: O
18: O
is: O
higher.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
location: O
of: O
the: O
injection: O
site: O
was: O
determined: O
by: O
the: O
antidromic: O
field: O
potential: O
elicited: O
in: O
the: O
oculomotor: O
nucleus: O
by: O
electrical: O
stimulation: O
of: O
the: O
oculomotor: O
nerve.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
axoplasmic: O
retrograde: O
transport: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP): O
from: O
axon: O
terminals: O
to: O
their: O
parent: O
cell: O
bodies: O
and: O
histochemical: O
fluorescence: O
microscopy: O
have: O
been: O
used: O
to: O
study: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
centrifugal: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulbs: O
and: O
anterior: O
olfactory: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
rabbit.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
report: O
focuses: O
on: O
posterolateral: O
thalamus,: O
where: O
prior: O
anterograde: O
tracing: O
observations: O
identified: O
the: O
posterior: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
nucleus: O
(VMpo): O
as: O
the: O
major: O
projection: O
target: O
of: O
lamina: O
I: O
spinothalamic: B-Individual_protein
tract(STT): O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
demonstrate: O
that: O
axons: O
remain: O
restricted: O
to: O
the: O
outer: O
olfactory: O
nerve: O
layer: O
(ONLo): O
until: O
they: O
are: O
proximal: O
to: O
their: O
target: O
glomeruli,: O
where: O
they: O
enter: O
the: O
inner: O
ONL: O
(ONLi),: O
dividing: O
the: O
ONL: O
into: O
extension: O
and: O
sorting: O
zones.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
further: O
assess: O
the: O
role: O
of: O
cadherin: O
mediated: O
adhesion: O
in: O
the: O
developing: O
mouse: O
ONL,: B-Individual_protein
we: O
localized: O
alpha-,: O
beta-,: O
gamma-,: O
delta-,: O
and: O
p120-catenins: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
neural: O
cadherin: O
(N-cadherin;: O
CDH2): O
in: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb(OB): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Finally,: O
p120-: O
and: O
delta-catenins: O
are: O
expressed: O
in: O
nonoverlapping: O
patterns: O
by: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
and: O
olfactory: O
bulb(OB): O
neuronal: O
dendrites,: O
respectively.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
time: O
of: O
generation: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cells: O
in: O
fetal: O
cats: O
has: O
been: O
related: O
to: O
the: O
course: O
taken: O
later: O
by: O
their: O
axons: O
in: O
the: O
optic: O
chiasm.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Terminal: O
boutons: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
and: O
medial: O
parabrachial: O
nuclei,: O
Kölliker-Fuse: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
around: O
the: O
mesencephalic: O
trigeminal: O
tract.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
A5: O
cell: O
group: O
was: O
found: O
to: O
have: O
significant: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
perifornical: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
periaqueductal: O
gray,: O
parabrachial: O
area,: O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Evidence: O
is: O
provided: O
that: O
each: O
of: O
areas: O
17,: O
18,: O
and: O
MT: B-Individual_protein
receives: O
a: O
projection: O
from: O
locus: O
coeruleus,: O
nucleus: O
dorsalis: O
raphae,: O
nucleus: O
annularis,: O
nucleus: O
centralis: O
superior,: O
formation: O
reticularis: O
pontis: O
oralis,: O
nucleus: O
basalis: O
of: O
Meynert,: O
lateral: O
hypothalamus,: O
claustrum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
nuclei: O
paracentralis: O
and: O
centralis: O
medialis: O
thalami.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
analyzed: O
the: O
morphology: O
and: O
survival: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
cells: O
in: O
Retinal: B-Individual_protein
degeneration: O
10(rd10): O
mice: O
of: O
various: O
ages: O
with: O
quantitative: O
immunocytochemistry: O
and: O
confocal: O
microscopy;: O
we: O
also: O
studied: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
function: O
with: O
the: O
electroretinogram: O
(ERG),: O
recorded: O
between: O
P18: O
and: O
P30.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
mustached: O
bat,: O
biosonar: O
information: O
is: O
represented: O
according: O
to: O
frequency: O
in: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
(ICc): O
but: O
according: O
to: O
response: O
type: O
in: O
the: O
cortex.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Corticofugal: O
pathways: O
directed: O
to: O
subcortical: O
structures: O
arise: O
in: O
the: O
first: O
and: O
second: O
somatic: O
sensory: O
areas: O
exclusively: O
from: O
pyramidal: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
infragranular: O
layers,: O
V: O
and: O
VI.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
thalamocortical: O
connections: O
of: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
thalamic: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
rat,: O
related: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
forebrain-prefrontal: O
cortex: O
topography.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Because: O
MD: O
is: O
reciprocally: O
interconnected: O
with: O
prefrontal: O
and: O
agranular: O
insular: O
cortical: O
areas,: O
it: O
provides: O
a: O
relay: O
of: O
ventral: O
forebrain: O
activity: O
to: O
these: O
cortical: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
piriform: O
cortex(PC): O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
central: O
and: O
medial: O
segments: O
of: O
MD: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
orbital: O
cortex: O
(LO): O
and: O
the: O
ventral: O
and: O
posterior: O
agranular: O
insular: O
cortices: O
(AIv: O
and: O
AIp): O
are: O
topographically: O
organized,: O
such: O
that: O
more: O
caudal: O
parts: O
of: O
piriform: O
cortex(PC): O
tend: O
to: O
project: O
more: O
medially: O
in: O
MD: O
and: O
more: O
caudally: O
within: O
the: O
orbital/insular: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
establishment: O
of: O
the: O
subpial: O
dentate: O
matrix: O
splits: O
the: O
primordial: O
radial: O
glial: O
scaffold: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampal/dentate: O
anlage: O
into: O
two: O
bundles:: O
1): O
the: O
suprafimbrial: O
bundle: O
that: O
retains: O
its: O
original: O
radial: O
position: O
between: O
ventricle: O
and: O
pial: O
surface;: O
and: O
2): O
the: O
dorsal: O
glial: O
bundle: O
that: O
traverses: O
the: O
ventral: O
tip: O
of: O
the: O
pyramidal: O
cell: O
layer: O
of: O
future: O
CA3.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Double-labeling: O
immunofluorescence: O
revealed: O
that: O
approximately: O
15%: O
of: O
CARTir: O
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
VTA: O
contain: O
the: O
hypothalamic: B-Individual_protein
neuropeptide,: O
melanin-concentrating: O
hormone: O
(MCH).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Embryonic: O
spinal: O
cord: O
transplants: O
survived: O
and: O
grew: O
within: O
the: O
host: O
spinal: O
cord: O
in: O
over: O
90%: O
of: O
the: O
animals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
cholinergic: O
innervation: O
was: O
more: O
pronounced: O
in: O
the: O
putamen: B-Individual_protein
than: O
in: O
the: O
caudate.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
s-laminin: O
was: O
present: O
in: O
discrete: O
subsets: O
of: O
three: O
laminin-containing: O
structures:: O
(1): O
In: O
the: O
developing: O
cerebral: O
cortex,: O
laminin: O
and: O
s-laminin: O
were: O
expressed: O
in: O
the: O
subplate,: O
a: O
transient: O
layer: O
through: O
which: O
neuroblasts: O
migrate: O
and: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
grow.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Destruction: O
of: O
meningeal: B-Individual_protein
cells: O
over: O
the: O
medial: O
cerebral: O
hemisphere: O
of: O
newborn: O
hamsters: O
prevents: O
the: O
formation: O
of: O
the: O
infrapyramidal: O
blade: O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

those: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
pial: O
surface: O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
anlage: O
that: O
had: O
not: O
fused: O
with: O
the: O
diencephalon: B-Individual_protein
were: O
repopulated: O
with: O
meningeal: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
also: O
appears: O
to: O
contribute: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
forebrain: O
bundle,: O
some: O
of: O
which: O
reach: O
as: O
far: O
rostrally: O
as: O
the: O
medial: O
septal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lateral: O
mamillary: O
nucleus: O
projects: O
through: O
the: O
mamillothalamic: O
tract: O
bilaterally: O
upon: O
the: O
anterodorsal: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
through: O
the: O
mamillotegmental: O
system: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
tegmental: O
nucleus;: O
it: O
also: O
appears: O
to: O
contribute: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
forebrain: O
bundle.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
caudal: O
midbrain: O
of: O
the: O
chicken,: O
numerous: O
catecholamine(CA): O
-containing: O
cells: O
are: O
intermingled: O
with: O
serotonin: O
(5HT)-containing: O
perikarya: O
beneath: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
within: O
the: O
decussation: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
cerebellar: O
peduncles.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
abdominal: O
surgery,: O
18-25%: O
of: O
vasopressin: O
and: O
18-33%: O
of: O
oxytocin-labeled: O
cells: O
were: O
found: O
to: O
be: O
Fos: O
positive: O
in: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
and: O
15%: O
of: O
activated: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
tractus: O
solitarii: O
were: O
positive: O
for: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase: O
immunoreactivity.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Astrocytes: O
migrate: O
into: O
the: O
cat: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
from: O
the: O
optic: O
nerve,: O
beginning: O
from: O
embryonic: O
day: O
(E): O
52.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
response: O
of: O
immunocytochemically: O
identified: O
hypothalamic: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
innervating: O
the: O
rat: O
spinal: O
cord: O
was: O
examined: O
at: O
varying: O
times: O
after: O
cord: O
hemisection: O
in: O
a: O
model: O
of: O
axonal: O
injury: O
using: O
the: O
paraventriculospinal: O
projection.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
address: O
this: O
problem,: O
the: O
synaptic: O
termination: O
pattern: O
of: O
corticogeniculate: O
axons: O
from: O
cortical: O
areas: O
17: O
and: O
18: O
entering: O
the: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
cat: O
was: O
examined.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
conclude: O
that: O
reticular: O
and: O
vestibular: O
axons,: O
like: O
axons: O
from: O
the: O
red: O
nucleus,: O
grow: O
around: O
a: O
lesion: O
of: O
their: O
pathway: O
during: O
development: O
and: O
that: O
the: O
critical: O
period: O
for: O
their: O
plasticity: O
ends: O
earlier: O
than: O
that: O
for: O
rubrospinal: O
axons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
tracer: O
into: O
either: O
neostriatum: B-Individual_protein
dorsale(Nd): O
or: O
high: O
vocal: O
center(HVC): O
confirmed: O
their: O
sources: O
of: O
afferents: O
in: O
DLPc: O
or: O
uvaeformis(Uva): O
,: O
respectively,: O
and: O
in: O
neostriatum: B-Individual_protein
intermedium(NI): O
,: O
but: O
there: O
was: O
incomplete: O
overlap: O
of: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
retrogradely: O
labelled: O
cells: O
in: O
neostriatum: B-Individual_protein
intermedium(NI): O
and: O
the: O
terminal: O
fields: O
of: O
DLPc: O
or: O
uvaeformis(Uva): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Three: O
nuclei: O
project: O
to: O
HVc:: O
medial: O
nucleus: O
magnocellularis: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
neostriatum: O
(MAN),: O
nucleus: O
interfacialis: O
(NIf): O
of: O
midneostriatum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
nucleus: O
uvaeformis: O
(Uva): O
of: O
the: O
diecephalon.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurons: O
that: O
express: O
somatostatin: O
mRNA: O
but: O
not: O
somatostatin: O
14: O
or: O
somatostatin: O
28(1-12): O
are: O
also: O
present: O
throughout: O
the: O
caudate-putamen: O
but: O
are: O
most: O
numerous: O
within: O
a: O
dorsolateral: O
strip: O
just: O
beneath: O
the: O
corpus: O
callosum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast,: O
there: O
was: O
no: O
precise: O
topographic: O
organization: O
of: O
labeled: O
projection: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
following: O
areas:: O
the: O
supplementary: O
motor: O
area,: O
cingulate: O
motor: O
area,: O
primary: O
motor: O
cortex: O
adjacent: O
to: O
the: O
injection: O
sites,: O
claustrum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
basal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Meynert.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Furthermore,: O
the: O
deep: O
laminae: O
project: O
substantially: O
to: O
the: O
globus: O
pallidus: O
and: O
the: O
substantia: O
innominata: O
and: O
more: O
weakly: O
to: O
the: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
hypothalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
more: O
derived: O
ray-finned: O
fish,: O
the: O
teleosts,: O
proliferation: O
of: O
neurons: O
and: O
their: O
migration: O
from: O
the: O
ependymal: O
zone: O
of: O
the: O
pallium: B-Individual_protein
renders: O
comparisons: O
between: O
telencephalic: B-Individual_protein
cell: O
groups: O
of: O
the: O
teleosts: O
and: O
members: O
of: O
other: O
vertebrate: O
groups: O
extremely: O
difficult.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
pathway: O
from: O
ntV: O
to: O
posteromedial(POm): O
to: O
MI: O
and: O
SI: B-Individual_protein
is: O
suggested: O
to: O
provide: O
proprioceptive: O
input: O
to: O
motor-sensory: O
cortex: O
from: O
the: O
moving: O
vibrissae: O
since: O
neither: O
the: O
principal: O
trigeminal: O
sensory: O
nucleus: O
nor: O
the: O
ventrobasal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
increased: O
2-deoxyglucose(2DG): O
uptake: O
during: O
MI: O
stimulation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
intrinsic: O
collaterals: O
were: O
thin: O
and: O
branched: O
partly: O
within: O
the: O
dendritic: O
field: O
of: O
a: O
parent: O
cell: O
partly: O
in: O
remote: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
R,: O
and: O
even: O
in: O
the: O
pars: O
compacta: O
(: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
C).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
orientation: O
of: O
dendritic: O
fields: O
varied: O
with: O
dorsoventral: O
position: O
of: O
cells: O
within: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
R.: O
The: O
most: O
ventral: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
R: O
contained: O
neurons: O
with: O
dendrites: O
oriented: O
parallel: O
to: O
the: O
crus: O
cerebri: O
and: O
thus: O
remained: O
confined: O
to: O
the: O
deepest: O
stratum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cells: O
in: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
R: O
were: O
characterized: O
by: O
the: O
large: O
dorsoventral: O
extent: O
of: O
their: O
dendrites: O
which: O
penetrated: O
the: O
entire: O
thickness: O
of: O
substantia: O
nigra(SN): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Bilateral: O
retinofugal: O
projections: O
were: O
traced: O
to: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
thalamic: O
nucleus: O
and: O
area: O
pretectalis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Two: O
other: O
cell: O
groups: O
may: O
give: O
rise: O
to: O
a: O
slight: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
spiriform: O
nucleus(SpL): O
:: O
(1): O
the: O
posterior: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
ansa: O
lenticularis: O
(ALp): O
of: O
the: O
diencephalon: B-Individual_protein
and: O
(2): O
the: O
nucleus: O
semilunaris: O
(SLu): O
of: O
the: O
isthmic: O
brainstem.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Two: O
other: O
cell: O
groups: O
may: O
give: O
rise: O
to: O
a: O
slight: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
spiriform: O
nucleus(SpL): O
:: O
(1): O
the: O
posterior: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
ansa: O
lenticularis: O
(ALp): O
of: O
the: O
diencephalon: B-Individual_protein
and: O
(2): O
the: O
nucleus: O
semilunaris: O
(: O
semilunaris(SLu): O
): O
of: O
the: O
isthmic: O
brainstem.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
conclude: O
that: O
the: O
noradrenergic: O
system: O
is: O
probably: O
an: O
innovation: O
of: O
vertebrates: O
that: O
appeared: O
along: O
with: O
the: O
neural: O
crest: O
and: O
specific: O
hindbrain: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
accessory: O
optic: O
system: O
and: O
lateral: O
posterior: O
nucleus: O
receive: O
a: O
contralateral: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
only: O
and: O
the: O
other: O
five: O
regions: O
receive: O
a: O
bilateral: O
retinal: O
projection.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
large,: O
caudally: O
directed: O
fascicle: O
distributes: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
torus: O
semicircularis,: O
nucleus: O
isthmi,: O
and: O
lateral: O
tegmental: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
mesencephalon: B-Individual_protein
and: O
pons: B-Individual_protein
via: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
tectobulbar: O
tract.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
third: O
bundle: O
of: O
tectofugal: B-Individual_protein
efferents: O
leaves: O
the: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
medially,: O
at: O
the: O
level: O
of: O
the: O
lesion,: O
and: O
enters: O
the: O
tectal: O
commissure,: O
through: O
which: O
it: O
is: O
distributed: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
torus: O
longitudinalis: O
and: O
contralateral: O
optic: O
tectum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Increased: O
intensity: O
of: O
signal: O
is: O
also: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
pyramidal: O
cell: O
layers: O
of: O
medial: O
prefrontal: O
and: O
anterior: O
cingulate: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Consistent: O
labeling: O
of: O
cells: O
was: O
also: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
granular: O
cingulate: O
cortex,: O
especially: O
in: O
the: O
junction: O
region: O
of: O
anterior: O
and: O
posterior: O
cingulate: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ontogeny: O
of: O
the: O
neurotensin: O
(NT): O
neuron: O
system: O
in: O
the: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
diencephalon: B-Individual_protein
of: O
the: O
rat: O
was: O
investigated: O
by: O
means: O
of: O
indirect: O
immunofluorescence.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Given: O
this: O
and: O
the: O
nature: O
of: O
the: O
degenerating: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
observed: O
in: O
Nauta: O
preparations,: O
it: O
is: O
possible: O
to: O
identify: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
in: O
normal: O
Golgi: O
preparations: O
and: O
significant: O
differences: O
are: O
detectable: O
in: O
areas: O
4,: O
3: O
and: O
1: O
and: O
2.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
nucleus: O
projects: O
ipsilaterally: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
mammillary: O
nucleus,: O
except: O
for: O
its: O
median: O
region,: O
in: O
a: O
topographic: O
manner: O
such: O
that: O
the: O
rostrodorsolateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
nucleus: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
quadrant: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
mammillary: O
nucleus;: O
the: O
rostroventromedial: O
part: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
quadrant;: O
the: O
caudodorsolateral: O
part: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
quadrant;: O
and: O
the: O
caudoventromedial: O
part: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
quadrant.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Moreover,: O
a: O
large: O
number: O
of: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase: O
(TH)-immunoreactive: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla(VLM): O
(A1/C1): O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract(NTS): O
(A2/C2): O
were: O
positive: O
for: O
c-fos: O
mRNA: O
in: O
immune-challenged: O
rats,: O
an: O
effect: O
that: O
was: O
largely: O
prevented: O
by: O
indomethacin: O
in: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla(VLM): O
but: O
not: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract(NTS): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Third,: O
the: O
prefrontal: O
cortex: O
is: O
interconnected: O
with: O
only: O
a: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
arm: O
representation: O
in: O
three: O
premotor: O
areas: O
(supplementary: O
motor: O
area,: O
the: O
caudal: O
cingulate: O
motor: O
area: O
on: O
the: O
ventral: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
cingulate: O
sulcus,: O
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
premotor: O
area),: O
whereas: O
it: O
is: O
interconnected: O
with: O
the: O
entire: O
arm: O
representation: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
premotor: O
area: O
and: O
the: O
rostral: O
cingulate: O
motor: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
present: O
study: O
used: O
serial: O
section: O
electron: O
microscopy: O
to: O
determine: O
whether: O
perforated: O
and: O
nonperforated: O
synaptic: O
subtypes: O
differed: O
with: O
regard: O
to: O
their: O
distribution,: O
size,: O
receptor: O
expression,: O
and: O
connectivity: O
to: O
multiple: O
synapse: O
boutons(MSBs): O
in: O
three: O
apical: O
dendritic: O
regions: O
of: O
rat: O
hippocampal: O
area: O
CA1:: O
the: O
proximal: O
and: O
distal: O
thirds: O
of: O
stratum: O
radiatum,: O
and: O
the: O
stratum: O
lacunosum-moleculare.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

They: O
constituted: O
a: O
large: O
percentage: O
of: O
the: O
cell: O
population: O
in: O
medial: O
septal: O
nucleus(MSN): O
,: O
but: O
were: O
also: O
encountered: O
in: O
NHL: O
and: O
NVL: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
in: O
nucleus: O
basalis(NB): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ascending: O
projections: O
originate: O
from: O
a: O
group: O
of: O
subnuclei: O
surrounding: O
various: O
components: O
of: O
the: O
brachium: O
conjunctivum,: O
namely,: O
the: O
superficial: O
lateral,: O
dorsolateral,: O
dorsomedial,: O
and: O
ventromedial: O
subnuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cingulate: O
gyrus: O
also: O
contains: O
label: O
throughout: O
(part: O
of: O
which: O
was: O
defined: O
as: O
the: O
"cingular: O
area,": O
Cg,: O
by: O
Rose: O
and: O
Woolsey,: O
'48a).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
the: O
rostral: O
ventrolateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
parvicellular: O
reticular: O
formation: O
have: O
more: O
extensive: O
connections: O
with: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
rostral: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus(PB): O
and: O
the: O
subjacent: O
reticular: O
formation: O
that: O
receive: O
little: O
if: O
any: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract(NTS): O
input.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cholecystokinin-,: O
galanin-,: O
and: O
corticotropin-releasing: O
factor-like: O
immunoreactive: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract: O
to: O
the: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
distribution: O
of: O
corticotropin-releasing: O
factor(CRF): O
-ir: O
terminal: O
fibers: O
in: O
general: O
resembled: O
that: O
of: O
galanin(GAL): O
,: O
but: O
showed: O
considerably: O
less: O
terminal: O
labeling: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
and: O
central: O
lateral: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus(PB): O
,: O
and: O
the: O
external: O
medial: O
and: O
Kölliker-Fuse: O
subnuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

cpg15-2: O
mRNA: O
is: O
most: O
abundant: O
in: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
as: O
opposed: O
to: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
and: O
the: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
for: O
cpg15.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Both: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
midbrain,: B-Individual_protein
but: O
in: O
normal: O
adults: O
only: O
the: O
superficial: O
optic: O
tract: O
maintains: O
collaterals: O
in: O
the: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Our: O
HRP-impregnation: O
method: O
also: O
revealed: O
some: O
transient: O
non-retinofugal: O
axons: O
that: O
pass: O
medially: O
from: O
the: O
ventral: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
to: O
the: O
ventrobasal: O
complex: O
but: O
then: O
return: O
without: O
terminating: O
or: O
branching.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Synaptic: O
organization: O
of: O
cortico-cortical: O
connections: O
from: O
the: O
primary: O
visual: O
cortex: O
to: O
the: O
posteromedial: O
lateral: O
suprasylvian: O
visual: O
area: O
in: O
the: O
cat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Several: O
corticotropin-releasing: O
hormone(CRH): O
-immunoreactive: O
Barrington's: O
neurons: O
were: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
by: O
fluorogold: O
injections: O
into: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray,: O
and: O
these: O
were: O
located: O
predominantly: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
transition: O
region: O
between: O
the: O
lateral: O
preoptic: O
and: O
lateral: O
hypothalamic: O
areas: O
at: O
the: O
level: O
of: O
the: O
supraoptic: O
nucleus: O
has: O
widespread: O
connections: O
as: O
a: O
whole: O
(a): O
with: O
the: O
medial: O
septal-diagonal: O
band: O
complex,: O
lateral: O
septum: O
and: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis,: O
(b): O
through: O
or: O
to: O
most: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
substantia: O
nigra,: O
central: O
tegmental: O
field,: O
central: O
gray,: O
superior: O
central: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus,: O
(c): O
through: O
the: O
stria: O
medullaris: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
habenula: O
(bilaterally),: O
parataenial,: O
paraventricular,: O
and: O
mediodorsal: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
(d): O
through: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis: O
and: O
ansa: O
peduncularis: O
to: O
the: O
central,: O
medial: O
and: O
cortical: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
(e): O
to: O
the: O
main: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
anterior: O
olfactory: O
nucleus,: O
cingulate: O
bundle,: O
olfactory: O
tubercle,: O
medial: O
septal-diagonal: O
band: O
complex: O
and: O
the: O
lateral: O
septum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
large: O
cells: O
within: O
the: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
neuroepithelium: O
and: O
ventral: O
spinal: O
cord,: O
differential: O
compartmentation: O
of: O
CK: O
isoforms: O
was: O
evident,: O
with: O
BCK: O
localized: O
primarily: O
in: O
cell: O
nuclei,: O
whereas: O
uMtCK: O
immunoreactivity: O
was: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
cell: O
body: O
(but: O
not: O
within: O
nuclei).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
findings: O
suggest: O
that: O
pial: O
fibroblasts: O
and: O
the: O
basal: O
lamina: O
have: O
an: O
important: O
role: O
in: O
maintaining: O
lobular: O
partition: O
during: O
development: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
in: O
establishing: O
cerebellar: O
fissures,: O
and: O
in: O
consolidating: O
Bergmann: O
glia-: O
external: O
granular: O
layer(EGL): O
cell: O
relationships: O
as: O
a: O
prerequisite: O
for: O
orderly: O
migration: O
of: O
external: O
granular: O
layer(EGL): O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Within: O
V1,: B-Individual_protein
callosal: B-Individual_protein
projecting: O
cells: O
were: O
found: O
mainly: O
in: O
layer: O
4B: O
with: O
a: O
few: O
cells: O
in: O
layer: O
3.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
centrum: O
medianum: O
and: O
the: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
parafascicularis: O
were: O
studied: O
in: O
Golgi: O
preparations: O
of: O
the: O
adult: O
monkey: O
(Macaca: O
mulatta).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
revealed: O
that: O
the: O
pretectal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract: O
received: O
inputs: O
from: O
medial: O
prestriate: O
cortex,: O
dorsomedial: O
part: O
of: O
area: O
19,: O
OAa,: O
and: O
PGa.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Regression: O
analyses: O
suggest: O
the: O
size: O
gradient: O
begins: O
to: O
form: O
when: O
Nucleus: O
laminaris(NL): O
activity: O
becomes: O
driven: O
by: O
cochlear: O
activity,: O
at: O
about: O
E: O
14.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
endings: O
probably: O
account: O
for: O
the: O
"fast": O
EPSP: O
seen: O
in: O
nucleus: O
magnocellularis(NM): O
during: O
stimulation: O
of: O
the: O
cochlear: B-Individual_protein
nerve.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
second: O
type: O
of: O
nonprimary: O
ending: O
may: O
be: O
responsible: O
for: O
the: O
long-latency: O
excitatory: O
post-synaptic: O
potentials: O
seen: O
in: O
intracellular: O
recordings: O
from: O
nucleus: O
magnocellularis(NM): O
during: O
electrical: O
stimulation: O
of: O
the: O
cochlear: B-Individual_protein
nerve.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cytoarchitectonic: O
and: O
neurochemical: O
studies: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
vagal: O
complex: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
medulla: O
oblongata: O
of: O
rats: O
indicate: O
the: O
existence: O
of: O
distinct: O
anatomical: O
and: O
functional: O
compartments: O
within: O
its: O
components.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Analysis: O
of: O
11: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
area: O
postrema: O
identified: O
both: O
"true": O
(range: O
in: O
luminal: O
diameter: O
of: O
3-7.5: O
microns): O
and: O
sinusoidal: O
(luminal: O
diameter: O
greater: O
than: O
7.5: O
microns): O
capillaries: O
that,: O
together,: O
made: O
the: O
capillary: O
density: O
for: O
most: O
of: O
area: O
postrema: O
75%: O
greater: O
than: O
that: O
found: O
in: O
nucleus: O
tractus: O
solitarii(NTS): O
and: O
DMN: O
(526/mm2: O
vs: O
about: O
300/mm2).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Within: O
200: O
microns: O
of: O
obex,: O
the: O
ventral: O
zone: O
of: O
rostral: O
area: O
postrema: O
was: O
distinct,: O
having: O
a: O
relatively: O
sparse: O
capillary: O
density: O
that: O
may: O
indicate: O
morphological: O
specializations: O
limiting: O
blood-tissue: O
communication: O
in: O
this: O
subregion.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
similarity: O
between: O
the: O
pattern: O
of: O
subcortical: B-Individual_protein
connections: O
of: O
the: O
"unresponsive: O
zone"(UZ): O
in: O
the: O
grey: O
squirrel: O
and: O
patterns: O
reported: O
for: O
the: O
parietal: O
septal: O
region: O
in: O
rats: O
(Chapin: O
and: O
Lin:: O
J.: O
Comp.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
study: O
demonstrates: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
calcitonin: O
gene-related: O
peptide(CGRP): O
-like: O
immunoreactivity: O
(-ir): O
and: O
Substance: O
P(SP): O
-ir: O
in: O
the: O
lower: O
brainstem: O
of: O
normal: O
rats: O
and: O
after: O
trigeminal: O
rhizotomy: O
or: O
tractotomy: O
at: O
the: O
level: O
of: O
subnucleus: O
interpolaris: O
(Vi).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
medullary: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
(MDH): O
and: O
the: O
lateral: O
edge: O
of: O
Vo: O
received: O
convergent: O
calcitonin: O
gene-related: O
peptide(CGRP): O
-ir: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
trigeminal: O
primaries: O
and: O
other: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
found: O
olfactory: O
pit(OP): O
s: O
in: O
monkey: O
olfactory: O
mucosa,: O
but: O
none: O
in: O
rodents.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Subcellular: O
localization: O
of: O
nitric: O
oxide: O
synthase: O
in: O
the: O
cerebral: O
ventricular: O
system,: O
subfornical: O
organ,: O
area: O
postrema,: O
and: O
blood: O
vessels: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
brain.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
investigated: O
the: O
identity: O
of: O
medial: O
olivocochlear(MOC): O
reflex: O
interneurons: O
in: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
by: O
assaying: O
their: O
regional: O
distribution: O
using: O
focal: O
injections: O
of: O
kainic: O
acid.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
organization: O
and: O
possible: O
neurotransmitter: O
specificity: O
of: O
a: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
lateral: O
supramammillary: O
nucleus: O
to: O
the: O
hippocampal: O
formation: O
has: O
been: O
examined: O
with: O
immunohistochemical: O
and: O
axonal: O
transport: O
methods: O
in: O
the: O
adult: O
male: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Only: O
scattered: O
fibers: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
fields: O
CA1: B-Individual_protein
and: O
CA2.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
conclude: O
that: O
serotonergic: O
cells: O
within: O
the: O
reticular: O
formation: O
of: O
the: O
leopard: O
frog: O
have: O
an: O
organization: O
similar: O
to: O
that: O
found: O
in: O
mammals,: O
that: O
the: O
overall: O
increase: O
in: O
numbers: O
of: O
these: O
cells: O
is: O
attributable: O
to: O
growth: O
in: O
different: O
cell: O
populations: O
at: O
different: O
stages,: O
and: O
that: O
input: O
from: O
this: O
region: O
changes: O
activity: O
levels: O
in: O
the: O
optic: O
tectum: O
in: O
a: O
global: O
rather: O
than: O
a: O
site-specific: O
manner.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
study: O
compares: O
the: O
time: O
course: O
and: O
mechanism: O
of: O
vascular: O
reperfusion: O
in: O
allografts: O
of: O
superior: O
cervical: O
ganglia: O
or: O
adrenal: O
medulla: O
inserted: O
either: O
into: O
the: O
fourth: O
ventricle: O
or: O
directly: O
into: O
the: O
parietal: O
cortex: O
of: O
perinatal: O
rats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
sacral: O
cord,: O
the: O
vasoactive: O
intestinal: O
polypeptide(VIP): O
neurons: O
that: O
lie: O
along: O
the: O
central: O
canal: O
were: O
of: O
several: O
types.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

cytochrome: O
oxidase(CO): O
patches: O
were: O
patterned: O
in: O
a: O
whisker-like: O
fashion: O
in: O
the: O
full: O
rostrocaudal: O
extent: O
of: O
V: O
nucleus: O
principalis: O
and: O
in: O
caudal: O
portions: O
of: O
spinal: O
V: O
subnuclei: O
interpolaris: O
and: O
caudalis,: O
but: O
absent: O
in: O
subnucleus: O
oralis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Patterns: O
of: O
increased: O
glucose: O
utilization: O
with: O
single: O
whisker: O
stimulation: O
are: O
well: O
matched: O
to: O
the: O
cytochrome: O
oxidase(CO): O
patterns: O
that: O
mirror: O
distributions: O
of: O
neurons: O
associated: O
with: O
a: O
vibrissa: O
in: O
the: O
V: O
brainstem: O
complex,: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
cortex.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Area: O
7: O
of: O
the: O
cat,: O
as: O
identified: O
cytoarchitecturally,: O
includes: O
cortex: O
both: O
on: O
the: O
middle: O
suprasylvian: O
gyrus: O
and: O
on: O
the: O
anterior: O
lateral: O
gyrus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Labelled: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
five: O
component: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
mesencephalic: O
tegmentum(VMT): O
(rostral: O
linear,: O
parabrachial: O
pigmented,: O
central: O
linear,: O
interfascicular,: O
and: O
paranigral: O
nuclei): O
were: O
counted: O
and: O
the: O
numbers: O
correlated: O
with: O
the: O
total: O
cell: O
populations: O
of: O
the: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
entorhinal: O
cortical: O
injections,: O
significant: O
labelling: O
occurred: O
in: O
the: O
interfascicular: O
and: O
central: O
linear: O
nucleus,: O
although: O
some: O
cells: O
of: O
these: O
nuclei: O
were: O
labelled: O
in: O
every: O
experiment.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Several: O
hundred: O
ventromedial: O
mesencephalic: O
tegmentum(VMT): O
cells: O
were: O
labelled: O
in: O
most: O
experiments,: O
over: O
1000: O
in: O
the: O
case: O
of: O
the: O
parasplenial: O
and: O
over: O
2000: O
in: O
the: O
case: O
of: O
prefrontal: O
injections.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Our: O
fixed-tissue: O
data: O
revealed: O
that: O
labeled: O
area: O
17: O
fibers: O
invaded: O
area: O
18a: O
gray: O
matter: O
at: O
topographically: O
restricted: O
sites,: O
reaching: O
superficial: O
layers: O
in: O
significant: O
numbers: O
by: O
postnatal: O
day: O
6: O
(P6).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Postnatal: O
development: O
of: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
recipient: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
monkey: O
striate: O
cortex:: O
II.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
assume,: O
therefore,: O
that: O
visually: O
driven: O
activity: O
is: O
a: O
modulator: O
or: O
shaper: O
of: O
the: O
developmental: O
process: O
for: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
recipient: O
neurons: O
of: O
visual: O
cortex,: O
rather: O
than: O
being: O
an: O
initiator,: O
terminator,: O
or: O
driving: O
force: O
for: O
their: O
maturation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
goal: O
of: O
this: O
study: O
was: O
to: O
characterize: O
the: O
synaptic: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
normal: O
human: O
adult: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
for: O
comparison: O
with: O
other: O
species: O
and: O
with: O
the: O
diseased: O
human: O
striatum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Pectoral: O
spine-related: O
motoneurons: O
are: O
located: O
within: O
the: O
ventral: O
motor: O
column: O
whereas: O
swimbladder: O
motoneurons: O
lie: O
just: O
ventral: O
to: O
the: O
central: O
canal: O
or: O
fourth: O
ventricle.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
data: O
reveal: O
that: O
septal: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
habenula(MHb): O
,: O
which: O
are: O
normally: O
ipsilateral,: O
respond: O
to: O
a: O
unilateral: O
deafferentation: O
by: O
extending: O
contralateral: O
fibers: O
that: O
cross: O
the: O
midline: O
at: O
the: O
habenular: O
commissure: O
and: O
reinnervate: O
the: O
caudal: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Dense: O
plexuses: O
of: O
immunoreactive: O
axons: O
are: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
third: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
half: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
nucleus,: O
with: O
light: O
to: O
moderate: O
fiber: O
plexuses: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
and: O
basolateral: O
nuclei: O
and: O
scattered: O
axons: O
present: O
throughout: O
the: O
remainder: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
diagonal: O
band: O
projects: O
bilaterally: O
to: O
the: O
caudomedial: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
mammillary: O
nucleus(MM): O
,: O
whereas: O
the: O
lateral: O
septal: O
nucleus: O
projects: O
bilaterally: O
to: O
the: O
pars: O
mediana: O
and: O
the: O
mammillary: O
fiber: O
capsule.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurons: O
containing: O
both: O
labels: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
parabigeminal: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
dorsal: O
and: O
pedunculopontine: O
tegmental: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
pontomesencephalic: O
reticular: O
formation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Substantial: O
reorganization: O
of: O
mossy: O
fibers: O
from: O
granule: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus: O
occurs: O
in: O
a: O
high: O
percentage: O
of: O
humans: O
with: O
medically: O
intractable: O
temporal: O
lobe: O
epilepsy.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
findings: O
suggest: O
that: O
the: O
reorganized: O
mossy: O
fiber: O
terminals: O
in: O
humans: O
with: O
temporal: O
lobe: O
epilepsy: O
form: O
abundant: O
functional: O
synapses: O
in: O
the: O
inner: O
molecular: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus,: O
and: O
many: O
of: O
these: O
contacts: O
have: O
ultrastructural: O
features: O
that: O
could: O
be: O
associated: O
with: O
highly: O
efficacious: O
synapses.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Substance: O
P-: O
and: O
enkephalin-immunoreactive: O
neurons: O
that: O
projected: O
to: O
the: O
intermediolateral: O
cell: O
column: O
were: O
present: O
in: O
similar: O
distributions: O
in: O
each: O
of: O
the: O
nuclei: O
studied,: O
except: O
the: O
raphe: O
magnus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
location: O
of: O
all: O
somata: O
encountered: O
was: O
restricted: O
to: O
an: O
area: O
medial: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
facialis: O
dorsalis: O
and: O
corresponded: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
efferent: O
cell: O
group,: O
from: O
which: O
efferents: O
to: O
other: O
vestibular: O
organs: O
also: O
originate.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Specifically,: O
intracortical: O
injections: O
of: O
retrogradely: O
transported: O
dyes: O
and: O
intracellular: O
injection: O
were: O
combined: O
with: O
immunocytochemistry: O
to: O
investigate: O
neurons: O
projecting: O
from: O
the: O
cingulate: O
motor: O
areas: O
to: O
the: O
putative: O
forelimb: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
primary: O
motor: O
cortex,: O
area: O
M1.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
connections: O
between: O
posterior: O
parietal: O
areas: O
and: O
visual: O
areas: O
located: O
on: O
the: O
medial: O
surface: O
of: O
the: O
occipital: O
and: O
parieto-occipital: O
cortex,: O
containing: O
peripheral: O
representations: O
of: O
the: O
visual: O
field: O
(V2,: O
V3,: O
parieto-occipital(PO): O
),: O
represent: O
a: O
major: O
previously: O
unrecognized: O
source: O
of: O
visual: O
inputs: O
to: O
the: O
parietal: O
association: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Area: O
7b: O
(the: O
rostral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
posterior: O
parietal: O
lobe): O
was: O
distinctive: O
among: O
parietal: O
areas: O
in: O
its: O
selective: O
association: O
with: O
somatosensory-related: O
areas:: O
S1,: O
S2,: O
5,: O
the: O
vestibular: O
cortex,: O
the: O
insular: O
cortex,: O
and: O
the: O
supplementary: O
somatosensory: O
area: O
(SSA).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Frequently,: O
the: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
-labeled: O
processes: O
arborize: O
within: O
nucleus: O
magnocellularis(NM): O
or: O
nucleus: O
laminaris(NL): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
segregation: O
of: O
middle: O
wavelength-sensitive(MWS): O
and: O
short: O
wavelength-sensitive(SWS): O
cones: O
into: O
dorsal: O
and: O
ventral: O
fields: O
in: O
the: O
mouse: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
offers: O
an: O
opportunity: O
to: O
isolate: O
a: O
phenotypically: O
homogeneous: O
population: O
of: O
immature: O
cones: O
prior: O
to: O
opsin: O
expression.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
ascertain: O
whether: O
noradrenergic: O
cells: O
targeting: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
in: O
those: O
groups: O
received: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla(VLM): O
lat,: O
this: O
area: O
was: O
injected: O
with: O
the: O
anterograde: O
tracer: O
biotinylated: O
dextran: O
amine: O
(BDA).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
data: O
indicate: O
the: O
occurrence: O
of: O
an: O
indirect: O
dysynaptic: O
pathway: O
connecting: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla(VLM): O
to: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord,: O
with: O
a: O
relay: O
in: O
the: O
A5: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Primarily: O
on: O
the: O
basis: O
of: O
features: O
observed: O
in: O
Nissl-: O
and: O
fiber-stained: O
preparations,: O
supplemented: O
with: O
Golgi-stained: O
material: O
and: O
preparations: O
stained: O
for: O
heavy: O
metals: O
by: O
Timm's: O
method: O
and: O
histochemically: O
for: O
acetylcholinesterase,: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
cortex: O
has: O
been: O
divided: O
into: O
seven: O
fields: O
that: O
are: O
named: O
according: O
to: O
their: O
rostrocaudal: O
and: O
mediolateral: O
positions: O
except: O
for: O
one: O
rostrally: O
located: O
field: O
that: O
is: O
named: O
for: O
the: O
prominent: O
input: O
that: O
it: O
receives: O
from: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
experiments: O
combining: O
retrograde: O
tracers: O
and: O
histochemistry,: O
we: O
have: O
looked: O
at: O
the: O
prenatal: O
development: O
of: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
pathway: O
linking: O
areas: O
V2: O
and: O
V4.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Layers: O
1: O
and: O
2: O
of: O
the: O
stratum: O
opticum: O
revealed: O
high: O
acetylcholinesterase(AChE): O
-activity,: O
whereas: O
low: O
activity: O
was: O
found: O
in: O
deep: O
fiber: O
layers: O
containing: O
tectal: B-Individual_protein
efferents.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
avian: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
ventral: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
(GLv): O
was: O
studied: O
by: O
light: O
microscopic: O
techniques: O
in: O
order: O
to: O
understand: O
its: O
anatomy,: O
neuronal: O
composition,: O
and: O
the: O
nature: O
of: O
its: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
and: O
tectal: B-Individual_protein
afferents.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
insula: O
proper,: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
cells: O
were: O
seen: O
mainly: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
or: O
agranular: O
division;: O
far: O
fewer: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
dysgranular: O
and: O
granular: O
insula.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
brain,: O
fibers: O
with: O
FMRFamide-like: O
immunoreactivity(FLI): O
were: O
localized: O
in: O
the: O
neuropils: O
of: O
the: O
lamina,: O
medulla,: O
central: O
body,: O
corpus: O
pedunculatum,: O
optic: O
tract,: O
circumesophageal: O
connective,: O
and: O
central: O
neuropil.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Somata: O
with: O
colocalized: O
FMRFamide-like: O
immunoreactivity(FLI): O
and: O
substance: O
P-like(SPLI): O
constitute: O
minority: O
populations: O
in: O
the: O
medullar: O
and: O
dorsal: O
medial: O
groups: O
but: O
form: O
the: O
majority: O
population: O
of: O
a: O
subgroup: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
medial: O
group.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Unilateral: O
injections: O
of: O
the: O
oculomotor: O
complex: O
which: O
included: O
the: O
trochlear: O
nucleus: O
resulted: O
in: O
retrograde: O
labeling: O
of: O
small: O
cells: O
within: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
nBORd: O
and: O
predominantly: O
medium: O
and: O
large: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
contralateral: O
nBOR.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
prenatal: O
development: O
of: O
the: O
rabbit's: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
(dLGN): O
was: O
studied: O
by: O
using: O
anterograde: O
axonal: O
transport: O
of: O
HRP: O
injected: O
intraocularly.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Whereas: O
the: O
projection: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
entorhinal: O
area: O
(LEA): O
to: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus: O
is: O
broad: O
in: O
its: O
longitudinal: O
extent,: O
the: O
medial: O
entorhinal: O
area: O
(MEA),: O
and: O
especially: O
the: O
ventral: O
portion: O
of: O
this: O
zone,: O
projects: O
in: O
a: O
more: O
lamellar: O
fashion.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Almost: O
all: O
Alpha: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
send: O
axon: O
collaterals: O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus(SC): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

With: O
the: O
use: O
of: O
nucleus: O
ambiguus(NA): O
DPH: O
diaphorase: O
histochemistry: O
and: O
nitric: O
oxide: O
synthase(NOS): O
immunohistochemistry,: O
a: O
compact: O
group: O
of: O
nitric: O
oxide: O
synthase(NOS): O
-positive: O
perikarya: O
was: O
identified: O
in: O
the: O
central: O
subnucleus: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
tractus: O
solitarius(NTS): O
dorsomedial: O
to: O
the: O
tractus: O
solitarius: O
and: O
rostral: O
to: O
the: O
obex.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Afferent: O
fibres: O
from: O
the: O
esophagus: O
were: O
found: O
around: O
the: O
nitric: O
oxide: O
synthase(NOS): O
cell: O
bodies: O
in: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
tractus: O
solitarius(NTS): O
,: O
and: O
many: O
of: O
these: O
nitric: O
oxide: O
synthase(NOS): O
neurons: O
were: O
double: O
labeled: O
with: O
cholera: O
toxin-gold: O
after: O
injection: O
of: O
this: O
tracer: O
into: O
the: O
nucleus: O
ambiguus(NA): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
the: O
three: O
monaural: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus: O
all: O
receive: O
input: O
from: O
the: O
same: O
set: O
of: O
nuclei,: O
and: O
from: O
the: O
same: O
identified: O
cell: O
types: O
in: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus,: O
there: O
is: O
a: O
difference: O
in: O
the: O
relative: O
proportions: O
of: O
input: O
from: O
these: O
sources.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lateral: O
and: O
medial: O
superior: O
olives: O
project: O
bilaterally;: O
the: O
bilateral: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
medial: O
superior: O
olive: O
is: O
unusual: O
in: O
that: O
it: O
is: O
found: O
in: O
only: O
a: O
few: O
mammalian: O
species.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Several: O
fibers: O
terminated: O
in: O
some: O
branchiomotor: O
nuclei,: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
crest,: O
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
gray: O
near: O
the: O
obex: O
level.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
neocortex,: B-Individual_protein
putamen,: B-Individual_protein
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
distribution: O
pattern: O
of: O
both: O
green: O
fluorescent: O
protein: O
and: O
PrP(c): O
immunoreactivity: O
suggested: O
that: O
the: O
transgenic: O
regulatory: O
sequences: O
of: O
the: O
bovine: O
PrP: O
gene: O
were: O
sufficient: O
to: O
promote: O
expression: O
of: O
the: O
reporter: O
gene: O
in: O
neurons: O
that: O
express: O
immunodetectable: O
endogenous: O
PrP(c).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
relative: O
paucity: O
of: O
contacts: O
of: O
serotonin: O
immunoreactive: O
boutons: O
with: O
premotor: O
inspiratory: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
respiratory: O
group: O
indicates: O
that: O
the: O
serotoninergic: O
system: O
affects: O
respiratory: O
pathways: O
mainly: O
at: O
the: O
level: O
of: O
respiratory: O
motoneurons: O
or: O
at: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
sites: O
outside: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract(vl-NTS): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
mammalian: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
(SC): O
contains: O
a: O
neural: O
map: O
of: O
auditory: O
space.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Distention: O
of: O
the: O
proximal: O
colon: O
(10: O
ml,: O
30: O
seconds: O
on/off: O
for: O
10: O
minutes,: O
about: O
90: O
mm: O
Hg): O
increased: O
the: O
number: O
of: O
Fos-positive: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
lumbar: O
6: O
(L6): O
and: O
sacral: O
1: O
and: O
2: O
(S1,: O
S2): O
segments,: O
whereas: O
no: O
change: O
was: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
L1-L5: O
and: O
S3: O
segments: O
compared: O
with: O
the: O
sham: O
distended: O
group: O
or: O
with: O
animals: O
that: O
received: O
no: O
treatment.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurons: O
whose: O
peripheral: O
processes: O
contacted: O
tectorial: O
hair: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
cochlea: B-Individual_protein
projected: O
to: O
three: O
divisions: O
of: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus:: O
nucleus: O
magnocellularis: O
lateralis: O
(NML),: O
nucleus: O
magnocellularis: O
medialis: O
(NMM),: O
and: O
nucleus: O
angularis: O
lateralis: O
(NAL).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Spinal: O
glycine-immunoreactive(Gly-ir): O
somata: O
appeared: O
at: O
E12.5: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
horn,: O
with: O
a: O
higher: O
density: O
at: O
the: O
brachial: O
level.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
first: O
studied: O
the: O
topography: O
of: O
the: O
developing: O
locus: O
coeruleus(LoC): O
in: O
the: O
hindbrain,: O
using: O
as: O
markers: O
the: O
key: O
noradrenergic: O
marker: O
gene: O
Dbh: O
and: O
the: O
transcription: O
factors: O
Phox2a: O
and: O
Phox2b: O
(upstream: O
of: O
Dbh).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
LVN: O
were: O
numerous: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
caudal: O
5P: O
and: O
the: O
5o: O
and: O
less: O
abundant: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
5P,: O
5i,: O
and: O
5c.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Maximum: O
expression: O
of: O
this: O
subunit: O
occurs: O
in: O
the: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
cerebral: O
cortex,: O
and: O
olfactory: O
bulb.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
gracile: O
nucleus: O
these: O
cells: O
are: O
found: O
almost: O
exclusively: O
in: O
the: O
transitional: O
zone,: O
just: O
caudal: O
to: O
the: O
obex: O
and: O
rostral: O
to: O
the: O
clusters.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
lumbosacral: O
spinal: O
cord: O
in: O
segments: O
L5: O
and: O
L6: B-Individual_protein
the: O
cells: O
are: O
found: O
primarily: O
in: O
lamina: O
V,: O
while: O
in: O
segments: O
L7: B-Individual_protein
and: O
S1: B-Individual_protein
they: O
are: O
found: O
along: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
edge: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
horn.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Labeled: O
boutons: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
stratum: O
zonale: O
(SZ): O
and: O
in: O
stratum: O
griseum: O
superficiale: O
(SGS),: O
but: O
not: O
in: O
stratum: O
opticum: O
(S0).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
single: O
unilateral: O
HRP/WGA: O
injections: O
in: O
the: O
striatum,: B-Individual_protein
globus: O
pallidus,: O
entopeduncular: O
nucleus,: O
subthalamus,: B-Individual_protein
or: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra,: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
the: O
labeled: O
cells: O
was: O
similar: O
to: O
that: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord-projecting: O
pedunculopontinus(PPN): O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Multiple: O
HRP: O
injections: O
were: O
then: O
made: O
bilaterally: O
in: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
and: O
the: O
entopeduncular: O
nucleus: O
and/or: O
subthalamus: O
in: O
order: O
to: O
label: O
the: O
entire: O
population: O
of: O
pedunculopontinus(PPN): O
neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
basal: O
ganglia.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
tectum,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
regenerated: O
optic: O
fibers: O
reestablished: O
fascicles: O
in: O
stratum: O
opticum,: O
but: O
they: O
were: O
less: O
orderly: O
than: O
in: O
the: O
normals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
structure: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
and: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
of: O
rats: O
is: O
described: O
using: O
the: O
Timm: O
method,: O
in: O
which: O
endogenous: O
transition: O
or: O
"heavy": O
metals: O
are: O
precipitated: O
with: O
sulfide: O
and: O
then: O
stained: O
with: O
silver.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
after: O
deafferentation,: O
EphA4-null: O
mice: O
had: O
a: O
significant,: O
threefold: O
increase: O
in: O
the: O
proportion: O
of: O
axons: O
from: O
the: O
intact: O
Ventral: O
cochlear: B-Individual_protein
nucleus(VCN): O
that: O
sprouted: O
into: O
ipsilateral: O
medial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body(MNTB): O
compared: O
with: O
wild-type: O
mice.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
birds,: O
two: O
separate: O
ascending: O
channels: O
have: O
been: O
identified,: O
through: O
which: O
time: O
and: O
intensity: O
information: O
is: O
sent: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
mesencephalicus: O
lateralis,: O
pars: O
dorsalis: O
(MLd),: O
the: O
homologue: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
mammalian: O
inferior: O
colliculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
nucleus: O
angularis: O
(NA): O
and: O
nucleus: O
laminaris: O
(NL): O
are: O
predominantly: O
contralateral: O
and: O
may: O
correspond: O
to: O
the: O
time: O
and: O
intensity: O
channels.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
the: O
same: O
regions: O
of: O
R,: O
entopeduncular: O
nucleus(EPN): O
,: O
CM-Pf,: O
deep: O
mesencephalic: O
nucleus(DMN): O
,: O
and: O
zona: O
incerta(ZI): O
are: O
activated: O
during: O
forelimb: O
MI: O
stimulation(FLMIS): O
compared: O
to: O
ventromedial(VM): B-Individual_protein
IS: O
(vibrissae: O
MI: O
stimulation).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Axonal: O
transport: O
and: O
immunohistochemical: O
methods: O
were: O
used: O
to: O
characterize: O
the: O
organization: O
of: O
glutamic: O
acid: O
decarboxylase-immunoreactive: O
(GAD-ir): O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
(PVH): O
and: O
supraoptic: O
(SO): O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
suprageniculate: O
nucleus: O
(SG): O
was: O
labeled: O
from: O
the: O
insula: O
and: O
lower: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
ectosylvian: O
sulcus(AES): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
banding: O
patterns: O
of: O
the: O
efferent: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
axons: O
within: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
suggest: O
that: O
these: O
inputs: O
are: O
congruent: O
to: O
the: O
fibrodendritic: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
and: O
may: O
contribute: O
to: O
tonotopic: O
organization: O
in: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
telencephalon,: B-Individual_protein
immunoreactive: O
innervation: O
was: O
identified: O
in: O
the: O
striatum,: B-Individual_protein
together: O
with: O
immunopositive: O
cell: O
bodies: O
in: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulbs.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
bifurcation,: O
one: O
axon: O
branch: O
coursed: O
dorsolaterally: O
within: O
the: O
cerebral: O
peduncle: O
and: O
terminated: O
in: O
the: O
globus: O
pallidus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

globus: O
pallidus,: O
entopeduncular: O
nucleus,: O
subthalamic(STH): O
,: O
and: O
substantia: O
nigra): O
were: O
formed: O
with: O
varicose: O
collateral: O
branches: O
which: O
also: O
gave: O
rise: O
to: O
short: O
filaments: O
with: O
beaded: O
endings.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Superior: O
vestibular: O
neurons: O
were: O
penetrated: O
with: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP)-loaded: O
glass: O
microelectrodes: O
in: O
anesthetized: O
cats: O
and: O
identified: O
electrophysiologically: O
following: O
electrical: O
stimulation: O
of: O
the: O
vestibular: O
nerves: O
and: O
oculomotor: O
complex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Three: O
types: O
of: O
neurons: O
are: O
identified: O
according: O
to: O
their: O
initial: O
axonal: O
trajectories: O
into: O
the: O
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
dorsal: O
pontine: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
or: O
the: O
brachium: O
conjunctivum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lateral: O
cerebellar: O
nucleus: O
gave: O
rise: O
to: O
the: O
largest: O
number: O
of: O
cerebellopontine: O
fibers,: O
whose: O
terminal: O
fields: O
exhibited: O
both: O
diffuse: O
and: O
patchlike: O
labeling: O
patterns: O
within: O
each: O
of: O
the: O
major: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
the: O
basilar: O
pontine: O
nuclei(BPN): O
including: O
medial,: O
ventral,: O
lateral,: O
and: O
dorsal: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Large: O
pressure: O
injections: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
were: O
used: O
to: O
define: O
the: O
population: O
of: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
and: O
trigeminal: O
nuclei: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
entire: O
inferior: O
colliculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Other: O
sparser: O
and: O
less: O
consistently: O
revealed: O
connections: O
were: O
with: O
the: O
medial: O
superior: O
temporal: O
area,: O
the: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
fundus: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal: O
sulcus,: O
and: O
the: O
caudal: O
dorsolateral: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
explore: O
the: O
development: O
of: O
mammalian: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
glomeruli,: O
we: O
investigated: O
the: O
relationships: O
among: O
radial: O
glia: O
(RG),: O
astrocytes,: O
olfactory: O
receptor: O
neurons(ORNs): O
,: O
juxtaglomerular(JG): O
cells,: O
mitral/tufted: O
cell: O
dendrites,: O
and: O
olfactory: O
Schwann: O
cells: O
throughout: O
embryonic: O
and: O
early: O
postnatal: O
development.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

OHDA-induced: O
ectopia: O
of: O
external: O
granule: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
subarachnoid: O
space: O
covering: O
the: O
cerebellum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
identify: O
the: O
electrophysiological: O
properties: O
of: O
the: O
C(1): O
cells: O
that: O
express: O
neuropeptide: O
Y(NPY): O
mRNA,: O
we: O
recorded: O
from: O
baroinhibited: O
neurons: O
within: O
the: O
C(1): O
region: O
of: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla: O
(RVLM): O
and: O
tested: O
for: O
projections: O
to: O
segment: O
T(3),: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
or: O
both.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Bursting: O
cells: O
presumably: O
function: O
to: O
amplify: O
and: O
synchronize: O
cortical: O
outputs,: O
whereas: O
regular: O
spiking: O
output: O
neurons: O
provide: O
excitatory: O
feedback: O
to: O
neurons: O
at: O
all: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
levels: O
and: O
receive: O
a: O
more: O
effective: O
orthodromic: O
inhibitory: O
input.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
major: O
efferent: O
projections: O
of: O
as: O
dorsal: O
archistriatum(Ad): O
are: O
to:: O
(1): O
the: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
of: O
avian: O
basal: O
ganglia;: O
(2): O
a: O
dorsal: O
thalamic: O
zone: O
(including: O
the: O
song-control: O
nuclei: O
dorsomedial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
posterior: O
thalamus: O
[DMP]: O
and: O
dorsolateral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
thalamus: O
[DLM]);: O
(3): O
restricted: O
regions: O
within: O
the: O
lateral: O
hypothalamus: O
(stratum: O
cellulare: O
externum: O
[SCE]),: O
which: O
may: O
also: O
relay: O
information: O
to: O
the: O
same: O
dorsal: O
thalamic: O
zone;: O
(4): O
a: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
thalamus: O
(medial: O
spiriform: O
nucleus: O
[SpM]);: O
(5): O
deep: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
tectum,: B-Individual_protein
which: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
song-control: O
nucleus: O
Uva;: O
(6): O
broad: O
regions: O
of: O
pontine: B-Individual_protein
and: O
midbrain: O
reticular: O
formation;: O
and: O
(7): O
areas: O
within: O
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area: O
and: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
(ventral: O
tegmental: O
area: O
[AVT],: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
[SN]),: O
which: O
overlap: O
with: O
regions: O
that: O
project: O
to: O
Area: O
X,: O
a: O
song-control: O
nucleus: O
of: O
avian: O
striatum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Most: O
labeled: O
preganglionic: O
neurons: O
were: O
multipolar: O
in: O
shape,: O
and: O
the: O
cell: O
bodies: O
lying: O
between: O
spinal: O
nerves: O
4: O
and: O
5: O
were,: O
on: O
average,: O
larger: O
than: O
those: O
found: O
between: O
spinal: O
nerves: O
7: O
and: O
8.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
identify: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
connections: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
superior: O
temporal: O
(MST): O
and: O
fundus: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal: O
(FST): O
visual: O
areas: O
in: O
the: O
extrastriate: O
cortex: O
of: O
the: O
macaque,: O
we: O
injected: O
multiple: O
tracers,: O
both: O
anterograde: O
and: O
retrograde,: O
in: O
each: O
of: O
seven: O
macaques: O
under: O
physiological: O
control.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
frontal: O
cortex,: O
both: O
medial: O
superior: O
temporal(MST): O
and: O
fundus: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal(FST): O
have: O
connections: O
with: O
the: O
frontal: O
eye: O
field.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
rostral: O
spinal: O
cord,: O
ChAT: O
immunoreactivity: O
was: O
observed: O
in: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
motor: O
column,: O
the: O
dorsal: O
horn,: O
the: O
marginal: O
nucleus: O
(a: O
putative: O
stretch-receptor: O
organ),: O
and: O
in: O
interstitial: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
funiculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
visual: O
cortex: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
pole: O
of: O
the: O
geniculate: O
complex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Each: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
regio: O
inferior: O
projected: O
to: O
all: O
parts: O
of: O
stratum: O
radiatum: O
and: O
oriens: O
of: O
the: O
contralateral: O
Ammon's: O
horn.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
although: O
the: O
septal: O
areas: O
was: O
devoid: O
of: O
SRIF-positive: O
neurons,: O
this: O
area: O
contained: O
a: O
moderate: O
occurred: O
in: O
the: O
following: O
hypothalamic: O
areas:: O
(1): O
nucleus: O
medialis: O
hypothalami: O
posterior,: O
(2): O
lateral: O
hypothalamus,: O
and: O
(3): O
mammillary: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
is: O
concluded: O
that: O
the: O
basal: O
nucleus: O
should: O
include: O
most: O
of: O
the: O
aggregated: O
and: O
unaggregated: O
large: O
cells: O
that: O
lie: O
in: O
the: O
substantia: O
innominata: O
and: O
which: O
in: O
places: O
intrude: O
upon: O
the: O
preoptic: O
regions: O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
diagnonal: O
band: O
of: O
Broca.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
then: O
injected: O
Phaseolus: O
vulgaris-leucoagglutinin: O
in: O
the: O
optic: O
tract: O
and: O
found: O
that: O
the: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
terminating: O
within: O
tectal: O
layer: O
5b: O
formed: O
narrow: O
radial: O
arbors: O
(7-10: O
microm: O
in: O
diameter): O
that: O
were: O
confined: O
to: O
layer: O
5b.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
present: O
neurochemical: O
and: O
hodological: O
results: O
support: O
the: O
homology: O
of: O
the: O
anuran: O
central: O
amygdala(CeA): O
with: O
its: O
counterpart: O
in: O
amniotes: O
and: O
strengthen: O
the: O
idea: O
of: O
a: O
conserved: O
amygdaloid: O
organization: O
in: O
the: O
evolution: O
of: O
tetrapods.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Implants: O
of: O
1,1'dioctadecyl-3,3,3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine: O
perchlorate(DiI): O
into: O
the: O
posterior: O
bed: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis(BST): O
also: O
labeled: O
cellular: O
processes: O
that: O
extended: O
through: O
the: O
medial: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis,: O
but: O
they: O
remained: O
confined: O
to: O
the: O
molecular: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
MEApd(MEA): O
pd: O
from: O
E14: O
through: O
P1.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Labeled: O
axons: O
derived: O
from: O
the: O
bed: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis(BST): O
pr: O
were: O
not: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
MEApd(MEA): O
pd: O
until: O
P5,: O
demonstrating: O
that: O
the: O
bidirectional: O
connections: O
that: O
exist: O
between: O
the: O
MEApd(MEA): O
pd: O
and: O
bed: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis(BST): O
pr: O
in: O
mature: O
rats: O
do: O
not: O
develop: O
simultaneously.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
amygdaloid: O
complex: O
(AMG),: O
originating: O
in: O
the: O
catecholaminergic: O
cell: O
groups: O
of: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla: O
(VLM),: O
were: O
studied: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
by: O
using: O
either: O
the: O
retrograde: O
tracer: O
fluoro-gold: O
(FG): O
or: O
the: O
anterograde: O
tracer: O
Phaseolus: O
vulgaris: O
leucoagglutinin: O
(PHA-L): O
in: O
combination: O
with: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase: O
(TH): O
and/or: O
phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase: O
(PNMT): O
immunohistochemistry.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cholecystokinin-,: O
enkephalin-,: O
and: O
substance: O
P-like: O
immunoreactivity: O
in: O
the: O
dentate: O
area,: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
subiculum: B-Individual_protein
of: O
the: O
domestic: O
pig.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

They: O
primarily: O
occurred: O
in: O
the: O
dentate: O
hilus,: O
stratum: O
oriens: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
in: O
the: O
subicular: B-Individual_protein
cell: O
layer.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
injection: O
into: O
the: O
cervical: O
and: O
lumbosacral: O
cords: O
of: O
adult: O
albino: O
rats,: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
were: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
first: O
cervical: O
segment,: O
brain: O
stem,: O
and: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
and: O
diencephalic: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
changes: O
were: O
correlated: O
with: O
the: O
cocaine-: O
and: O
amphetamine-regulated: O
transcript: O
(CART)-immunoreactive: O
system: O
in: O
the: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
pituitary.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
these: O
cases,: O
discrete: O
iontophoretic: O
injections: O
of: O
the: O
retrograde: O
tracer: O
Fluoro-gold: O
were: O
made: O
in: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus(PVN): O
,: O
with: O
Phaseolus: O
vulgaris-leucoagglutinin(PHA-L): O
delivered: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
ventral: O
subiculum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Four: O
zones: O
are: O
confined: O
in: O
the: O
antennal: O
mechanosensory: O
and: O
motor: O
center,: O
whereas: O
one: O
zone: O
further: O
extends: O
over: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
protocerebrum: O
and: O
the: O
subesophageal: O
ganglion.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cytoarchitectural: O
analyses: O
indicate: O
that: O
two: O
toral: O
nuclei,: O
ventrolateral: O
(TSvl): O
and: O
external: O
(TSe): O
nuclei,: O
are: O
present: O
in: O
this: O
toral: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Area: O
36: O
receives: O
its: O
heaviest: O
projections: O
from: O
other: O
temporal: O
cortical: O
regions: O
such: O
as: O
ventral: O
temporal: O
association: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
MEA: O
is: O
primarily: O
innervated: O
by: O
the: O
piriform: O
and: O
postrhinal: O
cortices,: O
but: O
also: O
receives: O
minor: O
projections: O
from: O
retrosplenial,: O
posterior: O
parietal,: O
and: O
visual: O
association: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
several: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
were: O
activated,: O
including: O
the: O
entire: O
parataenial,: O
paraventricular,: O
anteromedial,: O
and: O
axial: O
nuclei,: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
distinct: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
and: O
lateral: O
nuclei: O
and,: O
in: O
the: O
instances: O
of: O
spread: O
of: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
activity: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
surface,: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Such: O
nuclei: O
include: O
the: O
lateral: O
cuneate: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
prepositis: O
hypoglossi,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
lateralis,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
raphe: O
obscurus,: O
the: O
paramedian: O
reticular: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
gigantocellularis,: O
and: O
the: O
medial: O
vestibular: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lateral: O
soma: O
clusters(LCs): O
contain: O
the: O
cell: O
bodies: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
neurons: O
and: O
the: O
HBCs: O
house: O
the: O
cell: O
bodies: O
to: O
which: O
the: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
neurons(OPNs): O
project.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

For: O
example,: O
inputs: O
to: O
two: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
zone: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
ventromedial: O
and: O
dorsomedial: O
nuclei,: O
may: O
be: O
related: O
to: O
the: O
control: O
of: O
reproductive: O
and: O
ingestive: O
behaviors,: O
respectively,: O
although: O
the: O
possible: O
functional: O
significance: O
of: O
a: O
strong: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
premammillary: O
nucleus: O
is: O
presently: O
unclear.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Similarly,: O
inputs: O
to: O
other: O
regions: O
that: O
project: O
directly: O
to: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord,: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray,: O
the: O
laterodorsal: O
tegmental: O
nucleus,: O
certain: O
medullary: O
raphe: O
nuclei,: O
and: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
reticular: O
nucleus: O
may: O
also: O
be: O
involved: O
in: O
modulating: O
somatic: O
and/or: O
autonomic: O
reflexes.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

High: O
levels: O
of: O
expression: O
were: O
also: O
detected: O
in: O
non-neuronal: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
subcommissural: O
organ,: O
but: O
the: O
expression: O
was: O
almost: O
undetectable: O
throughout: O
precursor: O
cells: O
to: O
mature: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
and: O
hippocampus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
thalamic: O
reticular: O
nucleus(TRN): O
does: O
not: O
appear: O
to: O
be: O
a: O
significant: O
source: O
of: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
ergic: O
input: O
to: O
interneurons: O
in: O
the: O
visual: O
thalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
the: O
olfactory: O
lobe: O
seems: O
to: O
receive: O
only: O
primary: O
olfactory: O
inputs,: O
the: O
accessory: O
lobe: O
receives: O
higher-order: O
multimodal: O
(including: O
olfactory): O
inputs.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

ventricular: O
zone(VZ): O
cells: O
of: O
a: O
rat: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
at: O
embryonic: O
days: O
18: O
to: O
19: O
were: O
labeled: O
by: O
injecting: O
green: O
fluorescent: O
protein: O
(GFP)-encoding: O
plasmid: O
into: O
the: O
lateral: O
ventricle,: O
followed: O
by: O
electroporation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Despite: O
the: O
many: O
effects: O
of: O
estrogen: O
in: O
the: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
there: O
has: O
been: O
little: O
evidence: O
that: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
principal: O
cells: O
express: O
nuclear: O
estrogen: O
receptors.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Afferents: O
to: O
the: O
telencephalon: B-Individual_protein
from: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
and: O
brain: O
stem: O
cell: O
groups: O
were: O
demonstrated.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Since: O
layer: O
III: O
in: O
auditory: O
cortex(AI): O
receives: O
both: O
commissural: B-Individual_protein
and: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
input,: O
it: O
is: O
possible: O
that: O
these: O
parallel,: O
afferent: O
channels: O
are: O
to: O
some: O
degree: O
segregated,: O
and: O
to: O
some: O
degree: O
convergent,: O
onto: O
particular: O
types: O
of: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
order: O
to: O
verify: O
the: O
existence: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
and: O
posterodorsal: O
tegmental: O
nuclei: O
and: O
to: O
extend: O
previous: O
findings: O
regarding: O
the: O
dorsal: O
tegmental: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
human: O
brainstem,: B-Individual_protein
studies: O
were: O
conducted: O
using: O
cyto-: O
and: O
chemoarchitectonics,: O
and: O
computer: O
reconstruction: O
techniques.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cholinergic: O
innervation: O
of: O
primary: O
sensory,: O
unimodal,: O
and: O
heteromodal: O
association: O
areas: O
was: O
lighter: O
than: O
that: O
of: O
paralimbic: O
and: O
limbic: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
highest: O
density: O
of: O
cholinergic: O
axons: O
was: O
encountered: O
in: O
core: O
limbic: O
structures: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
amygdala.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Labeling: O
was: O
most: O
prominent: O
in: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
structures: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
and: O
tubercle,: O
septal: O
nuclei,: O
amygdaloid: O
complex,: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
induseum: O
griseum,: O
habenula,: O
and: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
cerebellum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ventral: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
(vLGN): O
of: O
the: O
thirteen-lined: O
ground: O
squirrel: O
(Citellus: O
tridecemlineatus): O
is: O
a: O
highly: O
differentiated: O
nucleus: O
that: O
is: O
divisible: O
into: O
five: O
major: O
subdivisions: O
on: O
the: O
basis: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
and: O
cytoarchitecture.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

There: O
are: O
also: O
lesser,: O
but: O
nevertheless: O
substantial: O
projections: O
to: O
other: O
nuclei: O
including: O
the: O
intrapeduncular,: O
ventral,: O
dorsolateral,: O
extreme: O
dorsolateral,: O
and: O
dorsal: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
suggest: O
that,: O
with: O
respect: O
to: O
the: O
pattern: O
of: O
arborization: O
and: O
stratification: O
of: O
dendrites,: O
lungless: O
salamanders: O
possess: O
morphological: O
classes: O
of: O
RGC: O
similar: O
to: O
those: O
found: O
in: O
frogs,: O
but: O
the: O
morphology: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cells(RGCs): O
in: O
lungless: O
salamanders: O
seems: O
to: O
be: O
simplified: O
in: O
comparison: O
to: O
frog: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cells(RGCs): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

As: O
a: O
further: O
step: O
in: O
unraveling: O
the: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
ganglia: O
of: O
amphibians,: O
the: O
efferent: O
connections: O
of: O
the: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens: O
have: O
been: O
studied: O
in: O
the: O
brains: O
of: O
the: O
anurans,: O
Rana: O
perezi: O
and: O
Xenopus: O
laevis,: O
and: O
the: O
urodele,: O
Pleurodeles: O
waltl,: O
by: O
using: O
biotinylated: O
or: O
fluorescent: O
dextran: O
amines: O
as: O
anterograde: O
tracers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Fibers: O
ended: O
in: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
and: O
deeper: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cortex: O
in: O
most: O
cases.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
small: O
number: O
of: O
labeled: O
fibers: O
passed: O
from: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
into: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
brachium: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
and: O
adjacent: O
tegmental: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
major: O
brain: O
area: O
which: O
sent: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
rostral: O
nucleus: O
ambiguus: O
was: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
medial: O
subnucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Here: O
again,: O
the: O
intralaminar: O
nuclei: O
and: O
the: O
claustrum: B-Individual_protein
tended: O
to: O
have: O
slightly: O
higher: O
(20-30%): O
proportions: O
of: O
double-labelled: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
hatching,: O
FMRF-ir: O
cells: O
appeared: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
telencephalic: O
area: O
and: O
the: O
anterior: O
tuberal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

They: O
have: O
their: O
major: O
dendrites: O
in: O
S1: B-Individual_protein
and: O
S3: B-Individual_protein
of: O
the: O
inner: O
plexiform: O
layer: O
and: O
they: O
emit: O
fine: O
dendrites: O
from: O
the: O
major: O
dendrites: O
that: O
end: O
in: O
varicose: O
boutons: O
in: O
S5: O
on: O
and: O
around: O
cell: O
bodies: O
in: O
the: O
ganglion: O
cell: O
layer.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
neurons: O
were: O
large: O
and: O
they: O
were: O
found: O
exclusively: O
in: O
the: O
posterior: O
hypothalamus,: O
as: O
in: O
the: O
rat,: O
but: O
in: O
the: O
guinea: O
pig: O
they: O
were: O
more: O
numerous: O
and: O
distributed: O
more: O
widely: O
in: O
thin: O
layer: O
around: O
the: O
posterior: O
mammillary: O
nucleus,: O
scattered: O
between: O
and: O
within: O
the: O
medial: O
mammillary: O
nuclei,: O
and: O
in: O
a: O
dense: O
cell: O
cluster: O
emerging: O
from: O
the: O
caudal: O
magnocellular: O
nucleus: O
and: O
extending: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
may: O
be: O
concluded: O
from: O
the: O
results: O
that: O
most: O
fibers: O
seem: O
to: O
follow: O
a: O
ventromedial: O
route: O
to: O
the: O
forebrain,: B-Individual_protein
reaching: O
the: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
ventral: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
forebrain: O
bundle,: O
the: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
via: O
subiculum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
hindbrain: O
structures: O
via: O
the: O
medial: O
central: O
gray.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus,: O
the: O
axonal: O
projections: O
through: O
both: O
the: O
dorsal: O
and: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
white: O
matter: O
from: O
the: O
CC: O
region: O
terminate: O
in: O
many: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
brain: O
providing: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
input: O
for: O
sensory: O
integration,: O
autonomic: O
regulation,: O
motor: O
and: O
emotional: O
responses,: O
and: O
limbic: O
activation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

urocortin(UCN): O
-immunoreactive: O
projections: O
in: O
brain: O
are: O
predominantly: O
descending: O
and: O
largely: O
consistent: O
with: O
central: O
projections: O
attributed: O
to: O
the: O
Edinger-Westphal(EW): O
and: O
lateral: O
superior: O
olivary(LSO): O
,: O
targeting: O
principally: O
accessory: O
optic,: O
precerebellar,: O
and: O
auditory: O
structures,: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
the: O
spinal: O
intermediate: O
gray.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
neither: O
the: O
Edinger-Westphal(EW): O
nor: O
lateral: O
superior: O
olivary(LSO): O
are: O
known: O
to: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
forebrain,: B-Individual_protein
urocortin(UCN): O
-ir: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
Edinger-Westphal(EW): O
were: O
identified: O
that: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
septal: O
nucleus,: O
which: O
houses: O
a: O
prominent: O
urocortin(UCN): O
-ir: O
terminal: O
field.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
results,: O
showing: O
specific: O
binding: O
of: O
125I: O
beta: O
nerve: O
growth: O
factor(NGF): O
to: O
cranial: O
cells: O
of: O
different: O
origin: O
(neural: O
tube,: O
neural: O
crest,: O
placode,: O
and: O
possibly: O
mesoderm): O
strengthen: O
the: O
concept: O
that: O
nerve: O
growth: O
factor(NGF): O
may: O
have: O
diverse: O
functions: O
in: O
growth: O
and: O
differentiation: O
of: O
various: O
tissues: O
and: O
cell: O
types.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Most: O
of: O
this: O
increase: O
could: O
be: O
explained: O
by: O
elongation: O
of: O
reticulospinal: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
from: O
the: O
rostralmost: O
segments: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
to: O
locations: O
caudal: O
to: O
the: O
injection: O
site.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
relatively: O
smooth: O
central: O
channels: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
meatus: O
map: O
onto: O
the: O
dorsal: O
main: O
olfactory: O
bulb(MOB): O
,: O
whereas: O
the: O
highly: O
convoluted: O
peripheral: O
channels: O
of: O
the: O
ethmoid: O
turbinates: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
main: O
olfactory: O
bulb(MOB): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
abnormality: O
of: O
the: O
deprived: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(dLGN): O
could: O
be: O
the: O
underlying: O
cause: O
of: O
their: O
lesser: O
responses: O
compared: O
with: O
normal: O
or: O
nondeprived: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(dLGN): O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Through: O
the: O
use: O
of: O
triple-fluorescence: O
labeling: O
and: O
confocal: O
laser: O
microscopy,: O
terminal: O
fields: O
of: O
the: O
greater: O
superficial: O
petrosal: O
(GSP),: O
chorda: O
tympani: O
(CT),: O
and: O
glossopharyngeal: O
(IX): O
nerves: O
were: O
visualized: O
concurrently: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract: O
(NTS): O
of: O
developmentally: O
sodium-restricted: O
and: O
control: O
rats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
immunoreactivity: O
of: O
neuropeptide: O
Y: O
increased: O
locally: O
after: O
excitotoxic: O
damage: O
to: O
the: O
insular: O
cortex: O
or: O
primary: O
somatosensory: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
central: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala: O
(CNA): O
integrates: O
visceral: O
responses: O
to: O
stress: O
partially: O
through: O
efferent: O
projections: O
to: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tracts: O
(mNTS): O
containing: O
catecholaminergic: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
results: O
suggest: O
that: O
central: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala(CNA): O
efferents: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tracts(mNTS): O
inhibit: O
non-catecholamine-containing: O
neurons: O
and: O
a: O
subpopulation: O
of: O
catecholaminergic: O
neurons: O
distinguished: O
by: O
their: O
low: O
levels: O
of: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
larvae,: O
colocalization: O
of: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
and: O
glycine: O
was: O
principally: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
M5: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
used: O
two: O
parallel: O
approaches,: O
dual: O
in: O
situ: O
hybridization: O
(ISH): O
and: O
neurotoxic: O
lesions: O
of: O
DA: O
neurons: O
by: O
using: O
6-hydroxydopamine: O
(6-OHDA),: O
to: O
ascertain: O
whether: O
N/OFQ: O
and: O
the: O
N/OFQ: O
receptor: O
(NOP): O
mRNA: O
are: O
expressed: O
in: O
DA: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area: O
(VTA): O
and: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
compacta: O
(SNc).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
VTA: O
and: O
SNc,: B-Individual_protein
small: O
populations: O
(approximately: O
6-10%): O
of: O
N/OFQ-containing: O
neurons: O
coexpressed: O
mRNA: O
for: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase: O
(TH),: O
the: O
rate-limiting: O
enzyme: O
for: O
DA: O
synthesis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
6-OHDA: O
lesion: O
studies,: O
NOP: O
mRNA: O
levels: O
were: O
nearly: O
80: O
and: O
85%: O
lower: O
in: O
the: O
VTA: O
and: O
SNc,: O
respectively,: O
on: O
the: O
lesioned: O
side.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
nucleus: O
retroambiguus: O
(NRA): O
of: O
the: O
caudal: O
medulla: O
is: O
a: O
relay: O
nucleus: O
by: O
which: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
mesencephalic: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
(PAG): O
reach: O
motoneurons: O
of: O
pharynx,: O
larynx,: O
soft: O
palate,: O
intercostal: O
and: O
abdominal: O
muscles,: O
and: O
several: O
muscles: O
of: O
the: O
hindlimbs.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
analysis: O
of: O
afferent: O
connections: O
of: O
the: O
dorsolateralis: O
posterior: O
thalami(DLP): O
by: O
using: O
injections: O
of: O
retrograde: O
and: O
anterograde: O
tracers: O
(HRP,: O
WGA-HRP,: O
Fast: O
Blue,: O
and: O
Rhodamine-beta-isothiocyanate): O
demonstrated: O
extensive: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
nuclei: O
gracilis: O
et: O
cuneatus: O
(GC): O
and: O
more: O
sparse: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
nucleus: O
tractus: O
descendens: O
trigemini: O
(TTD),: O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
cuneatus: O
externus: O
(CE).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Brainstem: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
of: O
the: O
dorsolateralis: O
posterior: O
thalami(DLP): O
came: O
from: O
different: O
vestibular: O
nuclei,: O
various: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
brainstem: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
and: O
the: O
optic: O
tectum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
could: O
detect: O
no: O
segregation: O
of: O
ventrolateral: O
complex(VL): O
and: O
ventrobasal: O
complex(VB): O
inputs: O
in: O
any: O
part: O
of: O
sensory-motor(SSM): O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Olfactory: O
bulb: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
parahippocampal: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
large: O
mystacial: O
vibrissae: O
on: O
the: O
faces: O
of: O
rodents: O
have: O
punctate: O
representations: O
in: O
all: O
stations: O
in: O
the: O
central: O
trigeminal: O
pathway,: O
including: O
layer: O
IV: O
of: O
the: O
somatosensory: O
cortex: O
(SmI).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

BMAL1-like: O
immunoreactivity: O
(lir): O
was: O
confirmed: O
in: O
the: O
pineal: O
gland: O
and: O
the: O
medial: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCN): O
,: O
which: O
are: O
critical: O
circadian: O
pacemakers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
also: O
observed: O
strong: O
immunoreactivity: O
in: O
the: O
mediobasal: O
hypothalamus(MBH): O
,: O
including: O
the: O
ependymal: O
cells: O
(ECs),: O
the: O
infundibular: O
nucleus: O
(IN),: O
the: O
median: O
eminence: O
(ME),: O
and: O
the: O
adjacent: O
pars: O
tuberalis(PT): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

inspiratory: O
related(IR): O
neurons: O
extended: O
from: O
levels: O
caudal: O
to: O
the: O
obex: O
through: O
the: O
caudal: O
level: O
of: O
the: O
descending: O
vestibular: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
show: O
the: O
vertical: O
meridian: O
to: O
be: O
represented: O
caudally,: O
with: O
the: O
lower: O
visual: O
field: O
represented: O
laterally,: O
and: O
the: O
upper: O
visual: O
field: O
medially,: O
within: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
order: O
to: O
address: O
some: O
of: O
these: O
questions,: O
we: O
labeled: O
pulvinocortical(PC): O
connections: O
by: O
extracellular: O
injections: O
of: O
biotinylated: O
dextran: O
amine: O
into: O
the: O
lateral: O
pulvinar: O
of: O
two: O
monkeys,: O
and: O
analyzed: O
25: O
individual: O
axons: O
in: O
several: O
extrastriate: O
areas: O
by: O
serial: O
section: O
reconstruction.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Before: O
the: O
midline,: O
the: O
central: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
cross: O
section: O
of: O
the: O
chiasm: B-Individual_protein
is: O
dominated: O
by: O
dorsal: O
fibers,: O
whereas: O
the: O
rostral: O
and: O
caudal: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
chiasm: B-Individual_protein
are: O
dominated: O
by: O
ventral: O
nasal: O
and: O
ventral: O
temporal: O
fibers,: O
respectively.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

pseudorabies: O
virus(PRV): O
injected: O
into: O
the: O
pineal: O
subsequently: O
labeled: O
the: O
superior: O
cervical: O
ganglion,: O
the: O
intermediolateral: O
column: O
of: O
the: O
upper: O
thoracic: O
cord,: O
the: O
autonomic: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
(PVN),: O
and: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus(SCN): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
distribution: O
of: O
punctate: O
and: O
fibrous: O
gap-junctional: O
polypeptide(GJP): O
-IR: O
was: O
remarkably: O
heterogeneous: O
with: O
respect: O
to: O
density;: O
large: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
most: O
major: O
fiber: O
tracts: O
were: O
nearly: O
devoid: O
of: O
immunoreactivity,: O
whereas: O
concentrations: O
of: O
puncta: O
delineating: O
patches: O
within: O
the: O
inferior: O
lobe: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
vagal: O
sensory: O
nucleus: O
were: O
so: O
dense: O
as: O
to: O
appear: O
as: O
uniform: O
deposition: O
of: O
immunoperoxidase: O
reaction: O
product: O
at: O
low: O
magnification.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
the: O
cellular: O
level,: O
expected: O
patterns: O
of: O
gap-junctional: O
polypeptide(GJP): O
-IR: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
pacemaker: O
nucleus,: O
torus: O
semicircularis,: O
and: O
electrosensory: O
lateral: O
line: O
lobe.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ventrolateral: O
metencephalic: O
nucleus,: O
for: O
example,: O
projects: O
ipsilaterally: O
to: O
the: O
cord: O
via: O
the: O
medial: O
longitudinal: O
fasciculus: O
and: O
contralaterally: O
via: O
the: O
dorsal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
funiculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
latter: O
group: O
was: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
after: O
dextran: O
amine: O
injection: O
to: O
the: O
visceral: O
ramus: O
of: O
the: O
vagus: O
nerve,: O
suggesting: O
that: O
it: O
is: O
a: O
general: O
visceral: O
efferent: O
column,: O
made: O
up: O
of: O
parasympathetic: O
preganglionic: O
neurons,: O
whereas: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
rostral: O
group: O
is: O
a: O
special: O
visceral: O
efferent: O
column.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

H-thymidine: O
autoradiographic: O
analysis: O
of: O
telencephalic: B-Individual_protein
histogenesis: O
in: O
the: O
chick: O
embryo:: O
I.: O
Neuronal: O
birthdates: O
of: O
telencephalic: B-Individual_protein
compartments: O
in: O
situ.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Regional: O
differences: O
in: O
pigeon: O
optic: O
tract,: O
chiasm,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
retino-receptive: O
layers: O
of: O
optic: O
tectum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
to: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
from: O
the: O
anteroventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
cat:: O
possible: O
substrates: O
for: O
binaural: O
interaction.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

More: O
than: O
90%: O
of: O
the: O
total: O
number: O
of: O
labeled: O
terminals: O
were: O
in: O
the: O
anterior: O
lobe;: O
the: O
projections: O
were: O
predominantly: O
ipsilateral: O
to: O
their: O
cells: O
of: O
origin: O
(about: O
90%: O
or: O
more: O
labeled: O
terminals: O
of: O
the: O
total: O
number: O
in: O
each: O
of: O
sublobules: O
IIb-Va).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Twenty-one: O
of: O
these: O
axons: O
grew: O
along: O
parts: O
of: O
a: O
stereotyped: O
route: O
extending: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
marginal: O
zone: O
from: O
the: O
caudal: O
diencephalon: O
through: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Here: O
we: O
have: O
evaluated: O
the: O
pre-: O
and: O
postnatal: O
expression: O
of: O
alpha5: O
subunit: O
mRNA: O
in: O
rat: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
and: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
using: O
highly: O
sensitive: O
in: O
situ: O
hybridization.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

During: O
postnatal: O
development,: O
increased: O
hybridization: O
signal: O
was: O
detected: O
in: O
CA1: B-Individual_protein
and: O
CA3: B-Individual_protein
pyramidal: O
neurons: O
and: O
granule: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus,: O
which: O
strongly: O
contrasted: O
with: O
the: O
low: O
levels: O
in: O
the: O
adult.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Interneurons: O
in: O
CA1/CA3: O
stratum: O
radiatum: O
and: O
moleculare,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
hilus: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus,: O
strongly: O
expressed: O
alpha5: O
mRNA: O
in: O
postnatal: O
and: O
adult: O
animals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
used: O
physiological: O
mapping: O
in: O
rhesus: O
monkey: O
to: O
define: O
subregions: O
in: O
precentral: O
motor: O
cortex: O
(M1),: O
injected: O
isotope: O
tracers: O
into: O
M1: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
supplementary: O
motor: O
area: O
(SMA),: O
and: O
studied: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
basis: O
pontis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Retrograde: O
BDA: O
microinjections: O
into: O
the: O
same: O
trigeminal: O
or: O
juxtatrigeminal: O
regions,: O
followed: O
by: O
gold-HRP: O
into: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
VII: O
nucleus,: O
demonstrated: O
a: O
significant: O
number: O
of: O
superior: O
colliculus(SC): O
neurons: O
in: O
deep: O
layers: O
6-7: O
projecting: O
to: O
both: O
structures: O
by: O
axon: O
collaterals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Both: O
mitogens: O
caused: O
enhanced: O
tumor: O
necrosis: O
factor(TNF): O
alpha: O
serum: O
levels: O
and: O
induced: O
c-fos: O
mRNA: O
in: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
but: O
exhibited: O
different: O
effects: O
on: O
the: O
cerebral: B-Individual_protein
gene: O
expression: O
of: O
the: O
tumor: O
necrosis: O
factor(TNF): O
system.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
analysis: O
is: O
based: O
on: O
mapping: O
retrograde: O
cell: O
labeling: O
and: O
anterograde: O
terminal: O
labeling: O
following: O
microinjections: O
of: O
tracers: O
in: O
either: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
cortex,: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei,: O
or: O
the: O
inferior: O
olive.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
anterior: O
octaval: O
nucleus: O
receives: O
partially: O
segregated: O
inputs: O
from: O
the: O
octavolateral: O
organs.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Microglia: O
were: O
elongated: O
in: O
superficial: O
retina,: O
large: O
and: O
ramified: O
in: O
the: O
middle: O
plane,: O
and: O
small,: O
rounded: O
and: O
less: O
ramified: O
in: O
deep: O
retina.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
10: O
weeks: O
gestation(WG): O
,: O
the: O
highest: O
densities: O
of: O
microglia: O
were: O
present: O
in: O
middle: O
and: O
deep: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
far: O
periphery: O
and: O
at: O
the: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
margin,: O
with: O
few: O
superficial: O
microglia: O
evident: O
centrally: O
at: O
the: O
optic: O
disc.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
14: O
weeks: O
gestation(WG): O
,: O
high: O
densities: O
of: O
microglia: O
were: O
apparent: O
superficially: O
at: O
the: O
optic: O
disc;: O
microglia: O
of: O
middle: O
and: O
deep: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
were: O
distributed: O
at: O
more: O
central: O
locations: O
although: O
continuing: O
to: O
concentrate: O
in: O
the: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
periphery.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
nonlesioned: O
rats,: O
application: O
of: O
50: O
mM: O
KCl: O
to: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
led: O
to: O
an: O
increase: O
in: O
enzyme: O
release: O
locally,: O
accompanied: O
by: O
a: O
decrease: O
in: O
release: O
from: O
the: O
caudate: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
C2: O
zone: O
continues: O
across: O
folium: O
p: O
into: O
other: O
folia: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
paraflocculus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
into: O
the: O
dorsal: O
paraflocculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
medial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body(MNTB): O
,: O
3: O
days: O
after: O
cochlear: O
ablation,: O
at: O
P13,: O
KCNQ5: O
immunoreactivity: O
was: O
seen: O
in: O
calyces: O
of: O
Held,: O
as: O
in: O
normal: O
age-matched: O
controls.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
findings: O
suggest: O
that: O
synaptic: O
targeting: O
of: O
KCNQ5: O
in: O
brainstem: O
auditory: O
neurons: O
occurs: O
around: O
the: O
time: O
of: O
hearing: O
onset,: O
regardless: O
of: O
auditory: O
nerve: O
activity.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
order: O
to: O
examine: O
this: O
question,: O
we: O
used: O
intracellular: O
staining: O
techniques: O
and: O
an: O
in: O
vitro,: O
living: O
retina: O
preparation: O
to: O
compare: O
the: O
soma: O
and: O
dendritic: O
field: O
sizes: O
of: O
alpha: O
and: O
beta: O
ganglion: O
cells: O
from: O
normal: O
retinae: B-Individual_protein
with: O
those: O
of: O
cells: O
located: O
in: O
matched: O
areas: O
of: O
retinae: B-Individual_protein
in: O
which: O
the: O
density: O
of: O
beta: O
ganglion: O
cells: O
had: O
been: O
reduced: O
selectively: O
by: O
neonatal: O
removal: O
of: O
visual: O
cortex: O
areas: O
17,: O
18,: O
and: O
19.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Additionally,: O
synaptic: O
specializations: O
between: O
corticotropin-releasing: O
factor(CRF): O
-immunoreactive: O
terminals: O
and: O
dendrites: O
were: O
more: O
frequently: O
asymmetric: O
in: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
region: O
(60%): O
and: O
symmetric: O
(49%): O
in: O
the: O
ventromedial/interfascicular: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Notwithstanding: O
this,: O
gross: O
regularities: O
of: O
heterochrony: O
in: O
the: O
neurogenetic: O
behavior: O
of: O
the: O
different: O
segments: O
lead: O
to: O
a: O
definition: O
of: O
elemental: O
longitudinal: O
compartments: O
of: O
the: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
mesencephalon: B-Individual_protein
(floor,: O
paramedian,: O
basal,: O
and: O
alar: O
regions): O
on: O
the: O
basis: O
of: O
precocious: O
differentiation: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
region: O
and: O
retarded: O
differentiation: O
of: O
the: O
paramedian: O
and: O
alar: O
regions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
magnocellular: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
lateral: O
paraventricular(PVN): O
were: O
closely: O
packed: O
together: O
and: O
nearly: O
round,: O
while: O
those: O
of: O
posterior: O
paraventricular(PVN): O
were: O
more: O
separated: O
and: O
fusiform: O
in: O
shape: O
with: O
their: O
long: O
axis: O
running: O
in: O
a: O
medio-lateral: O
direction.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Four: O
major: O
neuron: O
populations: O
have: O
been: O
distinguished: O
on: O
the: O
basis: O
of: O
soma: O
size,: O
shape,: O
and: O
segregation: O
at: O
specific: O
depths: O
and: O
locations:: O
large: O
horizontal: O
cells: O
in: O
layer: O
Ia: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
piriform: O
cortex,: O
small: O
globular: O
cells: O
with: O
thin: O
dendrites: O
concentrated: O
in: O
layers: O
Ib: O
and: O
II: O
of: O
the: O
posterior: O
piriform: O
cortex,: O
and: O
multipolar: O
and: O
fusiform: B-Individual_protein
cells: O
concentrated: O
in: O
the: O
deep: O
part: O
of: O
layer: O
III: O
in: O
anterior: O
and: O
posterior: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
piriform: O
cortex: O
and: O
the: O
subjacent: O
endopiriform: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
prepositus: O
hypoglossi(PH): O
nucleus: O
contained: O
the: O
largest: O
number: O
of: O
nitrergic: O
cell: O
bodies: O
and: O
a: O
rich: O
neuropil,: O
distributed: O
in: O
two: O
groups: O
in: O
medial: O
and: O
lateral: O
positions: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
part,: O
and: O
one: O
central: O
group: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Both: O
nitrergic: O
and: O
Nitric: O
oxide(NO): O
-sensitive: O
cell: O
bodies: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
inferior: O
vestibular: O
nuclei: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus,: O
whereas: O
the: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
contained: O
nitrergic: O
neuropil: O
and: O
a: O
large: O
number: O
of: O
Nitric: O
oxide(NO): O
-sensitive: O
cell: O
bodies.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Our: O
studies: O
demonstrate: O
that: O
area: O
3a: O
receives: O
input: O
from: O
nuclei: O
associated: O
with: O
the: O
somatosensory: O
system:: O
the: O
superior,: O
inferior,: O
and: O
lateral: O
divisions: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
posterior: O
complex: O
(VPs,: O
VPi,: O
and: O
VPl,: O
respectively).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

As: O
a: O
result,: O
the: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
circulation: O
becomes: O
apposed: O
to: O
the: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
pigment: O
epithelium: O
(RPE): O
and: O
neovascular: O
formations: O
develop.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
E38,: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
terminal: O
zone: O
was: O
significantly: O
larger: O
but: O
notably: O
less: O
dense: O
than: O
the: O
contralateral: O
zone.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Tritiated: O
amino: O
acid: O
injections: O
into: O
CA1,: B-Individual_protein
prosubicular,: B-Individual_protein
or: O
subicular: B-Individual_protein
subfields: O
produced: O
anterograde: O
label: O
over: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
parahippocampal: O
gyrus: O
and: O
temporal: O
pole.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Glial: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
parietal: O
eye:: O
structural: O
and: O
biochemical: O
similarities: O
to: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
Müller: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
we: O
have: O
found: O
that: O
the: O
lens: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
parietal: O
eye: O
and: O
the: O
Müller: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
eye: O
retina: O
of: O
lizards: O
are: O
immunoreactive: O
to: O
antibodies: O
against: O
both: O
glutamine: O
synthetase: O
and: O
carbonic: O
anhydrase: O
II.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
suggest: O
that: O
rat: O
primary: O
motor: O
cortex: O
(M1): O
is: O
composed: O
of: O
three: O
cytoarchitectonic: O
areas,: O
the: O
agranular: O
medial: O
field: O
(AGm),: O
the: O
agranular: O
lateral: O
field: O
(AG1),: O
and: O
the: O
cingulate: O
area: O
1: O
(Cg1),: O
each: O
of: O
which: O
represents: O
movements: O
of: O
different: O
body: O
parts.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
the: O
reciprocal: O
interconnections: O
between: O
the: O
prefrontal: O
cortex: O
and: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
(MD): O
are: O
well: O
known,: O
the: O
involvement: O
of: O
inhibitory: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
interneurons: O
in: O
the: O
neural: O
circuit: O
has: O
not: O
been: O
fully: O
defined.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Inhibitory: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
cortex: O
control: O
information: O
flow: O
between: O
the: O
cortical: O
areas: O
and: O
the: O
hippocampus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
cuneate: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
rostral: O
cervical: O
segments: O
are: O
large,: O
multipolar: O
neurons: O
that: O
form: O
a: O
single: O
column: O
of: O
rostral: O
dorsal: O
accessory: O
olive(rDAO): B-Individual_protein
input: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
rostral: O
cuneate: O
nucleus: O
arises: O
from: O
small: O
neurons: O
that: O
project: O
bilaterally: O
to: O
rostral: O
dorsal: O
accessory: O
olive(rDAO): O
,: O
and: O
the: O
input: O
from: O
the: O
rostral: O
cuneate: O
nucleus: O
lacks: O
a: O
clear: O
topography.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
present: O
study,: O
we: O
first: O
examined: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
preprotachykinin: O
B(PPTB): O
-immunoreactive: O
neurons: O
in: O
rat: O
ventral: O
striatum: O
and: O
found: O
that: O
a: O
large: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
preprotachykinin: O
B(PPTB): O
-immunoreactive: O
cell: O
clusters: O
was: O
continuous: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
stripe: O
of: O
the: O
striatum(LSS): O
,: O
but: O
a: O
smaller: O
part: O
was: O
not.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Afferent: O
projections: O
to: O
nucleus: O
reuniens: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

reuniens(RE): O
appears: O
to: O
be: O
a: O
major: O
link: O
in: O
the: O
two-way: O
exchange: O
of: O
information: O
between: O
the: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
medial: O
prefrontal: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
olfactory: O
bulbs: O
maintain: O
reciprocal: O
connections: O
with: O
several: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
telencephalon: B-Individual_protein
[ventral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
V: O
(Vv),: O
supracommissural: O
nucleus: O
(Vs),: O
posterior: O
zone: O
of: O
D: O
(Dp),: O
preoptic: O
nucleus],: O
and: O
also: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
diencephalon: B-Individual_protein
(posterior: O
tuberal: O
nucleus,: O
posterior: O
hypothalamic: O
lobe).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
results: O
reveal: O
complex: O
and: O
specialized: O
connectional: O
patterns: O
in: O
the: O
rainbow: O
trout: O
dorsal: O
telencephalon: O
and: O
preoptic: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
distribution: O
of: O
the: O
labeled: O
cells: O
within: O
the: O
dentate: B-Individual_protein
granule: O
cell: O
layer: O
indicates: O
that: O
all: O
mossy: O
fibers: O
have: O
an: O
almost: O
parallel,: O
slightly: O
descending: O
course: O
in: O
regio: O
inferior: O
near: O
the: O
dentate: O
hilus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
mouse: O
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
Golgi: O
cells: O
were: O
strongly: O
immunoreactive: O
for: O
Neurogranin(NG): O
,: O
whereas: O
other: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
were: O
devoid: O
of: O
this: O
protein.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

alpha: O
2A-AR-like: O
immunoreactivity: O
was: O
intense: O
in: O
the: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
and: O
continuous: O
from: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens: O
through: O
the: O
substantia: O
innominata: O
and: O
fundus: O
of: O
the: O
striatum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
eight: O
eyes,: O
a: O
small: O
patch: O
of: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
was: O
surgically: O
excised,: O
stimulating: O
regeneration: O
of: O
new: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
in: O
its: O
place.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Whereas: O
almost: O
all: O
mammals: O
have: O
an: O
lateral: O
superior: O
olive(LSO): O
,: O
it: O
has: O
traditionally: O
been: O
thought: O
that: O
only: O
animals: O
that: O
hear: O
low: O
frequencies: O
have: O
an: O
medial: O
superior: O
olive(MSO): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
elicited: O
movements: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
and: O
ventral: O
premotor: O
areas: O
(PMD,: O
PMV),: O
the: O
caudal: O
and: O
rostral: O
divisions: O
of: O
primary: O
motor: O
cortex: O
(M1c,: O
M1r),: O
the: O
frontal: O
eye: O
field: O
(FEF),: O
the: O
dorsal: O
oculomotor: O
area: O
(OMD;: O
area: O
8b),: O
the: O
supplementary: O
motor: O
area: O
(SMA),: O
and: O
somatosensory: O
cortex: O
(areas: O
3a: O
and: O
3b).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
into: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
many: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
parabigeminal: O
nucleus,: O
but: O
few,: O
if: O
any,: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
pedunculopontine(PPN): O
or: O
lateral: O
dorsal: O
tegmental(LDTN): O
at: O
1: O
days: O
postnatal(dpn): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Polyclonal: O
antisera: O
against: O
purified: O
rat: O
liver: O
argininosuccinate: O
synthetase: O
revealed: O
a: O
characteristic: O
distribution: O
pattern: O
of: O
argininosuccinate: O
synthetase-like: O
immunoreactivity:: O
(1): O
many: O
neurons: O
with: O
strong: O
argininosuccinate: O
synthetase-like: O
immunoreactivity: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
septal: O
area,: O
basal: O
forebrain,: O
anterior: O
medial: O
and: O
premammillary: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
anterior: O
and: O
midline: O
thalamic: O
nuclei,: O
dorsal: O
endopiriform: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
basal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Meynert,: O
subthalamic: O
nucleus,: O
laterodorsal: O
tegmental: O
nucleus,: O
raphe: O
nuclei,: O
nucleus: O
ambiguus,: O
and: O
the: O
area: O
postrema,: O
(2): O
neuropile: O
staining: O
was: O
dense: O
in: O
the: O
septal: O
areas,: O
hypothalamus,: O
area: O
postrema,: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract,: O
and: O
the: O
laminae: O
I: O
and: O
II: O
of: O
the: O
caudal: O
subnucleus: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
spinal: O
dorsal: O
horn,: O
(3): O
relay: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
specific: O
sensory: O
systems: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
ventral: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
were: O
devoid: O
of: O
argininosuccinate: O
synthetase-like: O
immunoreactivity,: O
(4): O
no: O
staining: O
was: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
large: O
white: O
matter: O
structures: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
internal: O
capsule,: O
corpus: O
callosum,: O
and: O
the: O
anterior: O
commissure,: O
and: O
(5): O
most: O
of: O
the: O
neurons: O
stained: O
were: O
small: O
or: O
medium: O
in: O
size: O
and: O
appeared: O
to: O
be: O
interneurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP): O
was: O
injected: O
separately: O
in: O
one: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
lobules: O
VI,: O
VIIA,: O
VIIB,: O
VIIIA: O
or: O
VIIIB: O
(together: O
corresponding: O
to: O
the: O
vermal: O
visual: O
area): O
in: O
17: O
cats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Major: O
contingents: O
of: O
afferents: O
to: O
the: O
olivary: O
regions: O
projecting: O
onto: O
the: O
vermal: O
area: O
come: O
from: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord,: O
the: O
motor: O
cortex: O
and: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
pathway: O
is: O
heaviest: O
anteromedially: O
(from: O
lower: O
temporal: O
retina): O
and: O
lightest: O
posterolaterally: O
(from: O
upper: O
nasal: O
retina).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

anterior: O
hypothalamic: O
area(AHA): O
axons: O
staying: O
ventral: O
projected: O
to: O
the: O
supramammillary: O
region,: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area,: O
raphe: O
nuclei: O
and: O
midbrain: O
reticular: O
formation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Descending: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
area(mPOA): O
axons: O
coursed: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
forebrain: O
bundle.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
lateral: O
line: O
pathways: O
in: O
the: O
midshipman: O
fish,: O
Porichthys: O
notatus,: O
was: O
identified: O
following: O
biotin: O
injections: O
into: O
physiologically: O
identified: O
sites: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
line-recipient: O
nucleus: O
ventrolateralis: O
in: O
the: O
midbrain.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
into: O
both: O
nucleus: O
ventrolateralis: O
and: O
nucleus: O
medialis: O
identify: O
sites: O
which: O
may: O
be: O
processing: O
information: O
from: O
both: O
the: O
auditory: O
and: O
lateral: O
line: O
systems,: O
including: O
the: O
eighth: O
nerve-recipient: O
descending: O
octaval: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
acoustic: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
midbrain,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
nucleus: O
praeeminentialis: O
which: O
receives: O
auditory: O
input: O
from: O
the: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
in: O
midshipman.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
examined: O
the: O
morphology: O
and: O
distribution: O
of: O
catecholaminergic: O
(CA): O
neurones: O
in: O
adult: O
and: O
developing: O
retinae: O
of: O
these: O
species: O
in: O
order: O
to: O
gain: O
a: O
more: O
general: O
understanding: O
of: O
the: O
mechanisms: O
producing: O
cellular: O
topographies: O
in: O
the: O
retina.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Cat: O
areas: O
17,: O
18,: B-Individual_protein
19,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
lateral: O
suprasylvian: O
areas: O
exhibited: O
a: O
similar: O
N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA): O
-receptor: O
distribution.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
in: O
C1,: O
2,: O
and: O
3: O
dorsal: O
root: O
ganglia: O
resulted: O
in: O
axonal: O
labeling: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
intercalatus: O
and: O
the: O
external: O
cuneate: O
nucleus,: O
with: O
a: O
number: O
of: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
cells: O
seen: O
as: O
well: O
in: O
the: O
latter.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
anatomical: O
results: O
showed: O
that: O
caudal: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nuclei: O
and: O
medial: O
lamina: O
V: O
of: O
the: O
upper: O
four: O
cervical: O
spinal: O
segments: O
have: O
extensive: O
projections: O
upon: O
the: O
contralateral: O
central: O
auditory: O
nucleus: O
and: O
upon: O
other: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
torus,: O
in: O
particular: O
the: O
core: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
preisthmic: O
superficial: O
area: O
of: O
Puelles: O
et: O
al.: O
(L.: O
Puelles,: O
C.: O
Rrobles,: O
M.: O
Martiez-de-la-Torre,: O
and: O
S.: O
Martinez,: O
1994,: O
J.: O
Comp.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projections: O
of: O
nucleus: O
angularis: O
were: O
found: O
to: O
terminate: O
throughout: O
most: O
of: O
the: O
contralateral: O
central: O
nucleus: O
except: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
portion: O
at: O
rostral: O
levels,: O
where: O
the: O
majority: O
of: O
the: O
projections: O
of: O
nucleus: O
laminaris: O
were: O
concentrated.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
present: O
results: O
indicate: O
that: O
the: O
efferent: O
connections: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei: O
in: O
the: O
lizard: O
Varanus: O
exanthematicus: O
are: O
organized: O
as: O
two: O
main: O
projections,: O
an: O
ascending: O
projection: O
comparable: O
to: O
the: O
mammalian: O
brachium: O
conjunctivum: O
arising: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
cerebellar: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
a: O
descending: O
projection: O
comparable: O
to: O
the: O
mammalian: O
hook: O
bundle: O
(fasciculus: O
uncinatus),: O
originating: O
mainly: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
cerebellar: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Rostral: O
parts: O
of: O
anterodorsal(AD): O
project: O
equally: O
to: O
all: O
three: O
subicular: O
cortices,: O
whereas: O
neurons: O
in: O
caudal: O
anterodorsal(AD): O
project: O
primarily: O
to: O
the: O
postsubicular: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
double: O
labeling: O
occurred: O
in: O
several: O
hypothalamic: O
nuclei,: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray,: O
the: O
lateral: O
parabrachial: O
area,: O
and: O
the: O
catecholaminergic: O
medullary: O
groups,: O
high: O
rates: O
of: O
double: O
labeling: O
occurred: O
only: O
in: O
the: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
A1: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla: O
(: O
approximately: O
83%: O
of: O
cholera: O
toxin: O
subunit: O
B(CTb): O
-labeled: O
cells: O
expressing: O
c-fos).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
aim: O
of: O
our: O
study: O
is: O
to: O
understand: O
the: O
development: O
of: O
the: O
earliest: O
connections: O
in: O
the: O
mammalian: O
pallium: B-Individual_protein
by: O
documenting: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
cells: O
and: O
fibres: O
labelled: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
and: O
ventral: O
thalamus,: O
internal: O
capsule,: O
perirhinal,: O
and: O
dorsal: O
cortex: O
during: O
the: O
period: O
between: O
embryonic: O
day: O
(E): O
14: O
and: O
17: O
by: O
using: O
carbocyanine: O
dye: O
tracing: O
in: O
fixed: O
embryonic: O
rat: O
brains.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
propose: O
that: O
the: O
growth: O
of: O
axons: O
from: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
to: O
dorsal: O
thalamus: O
is: O
delayed: O
in: O
two: O
regions:: O
first: O
from: O
E14-E15: O
at: O
the: O
lateral: O
entrance: O
of: O
the: O
internal: O
capsule: O
and: O
then,: O
from: O
E16,: O
closer: O
to: O
the: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
probably: O
within: O
the: O
thalamic: O
reticular: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
posterior: O
interpositus: O
nucleus,: O
labeled: O
terminals: O
were: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
rostromedial: O
extension,: O
the: O
caudomedial: O
part,: O
and: O
the: O
caudal: O
pole.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
injection: O
into: O
layer: O
I: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
posterior: O
ectosylvian: O
gyrus: O
(Epv),: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
were: O
distributed: O
chiefly: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
dorsal: O
divisions: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(MGN): O
and: O
Pol: O
and: O
additionally: O
in: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(MGN): O
,: O
suprageniculate: O
nucleus(Sg): O
,: O
and: O
brachium: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus(BIN): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Retinal: B-Individual_protein
axon: O
regeneration: O
in: O
peripheral: O
nerve,: O
tectal,: O
and: O
muscle: O
grafts: O
in: O
adult: O
rats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
zones: O
projecting: O
to: O
M1: B-Individual_protein
and/or: O
to: O
supplementary: O
motor: O
cortex(SMA): O
included: O
thalamic: O
regions: O
receiving: O
cerebellar-nuclear(CN): O
as: O
well: O
as: O
GP: O
projections,: O
providing: O
the: O
first: O
evidence: O
of: O
such: O
overlap: O
from: O
individual: O
animals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
present: O
findings: O
that: O
both: O
M1: B-Individual_protein
and: O
supplementary: O
motor: O
cortex(SMA): O
are: O
recipients: O
of: O
transthalamic: O
inputs: O
from: O
GP: O
and: O
cerebellar-nuclear(CN): O
thus: O
support: O
the: O
concept: O
that: O
a: O
mixed: O
subcortical: B-Individual_protein
input: O
consisting: O
of: O
weighted: O
contributions: O
from: O
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
basal: O
ganglia,: O
substantia: O
nigra,: O
and: O
spinothalamic: B-Individual_protein
tract: O
is: O
directed: O
to: O
each: O
functional: O
component: O
of: O
the: O
sensorimotor: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
spinocerebellar: B-Individual_protein
fibers: O
originating: O
ipsilaterally: O
from: O
the: O
cervical: O
enlargement: O
ascend: O
in: O
the: O
lateralmost: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
funiculus: O
in: O
the: O
area: O
between: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
and: O
ventrolateral: O
fasciculi.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Lesions: O
of: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
induced: O
anterograde: O
terminal: O
degeneration: O
in: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
cortex: O
of: O
the: O
same: O
animals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
study: O
shows: O
that: O
the: O
area: O
dentata: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
is: O
reached: O
by: O
disynaptic: O
afferent: O
input: O
from: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
and: O
thus: O
is: O
likely: O
to: O
process: O
olfactory: O
information.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Second,: O
in: O
contrast: O
to: O
other: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
glia,: O
Müller: O
cells: O
have: O
a: O
neuronlike: O
distribution,: O
with: O
a: O
peak: O
density: O
of: O
10,700-15,000: O
cells: O
per: O
mm2: O
at: O
the: O
visual: O
streak: O
and: O
a: O
minimum: O
density: O
of: O
4,400-6,000: O
per: O
mm2: O
at: O
both: O
the: O
superior: O
and: O
inferior: O
retinal: O
edges.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

There: O
were: O
moderate: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
neostriatum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
sparse: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
frontal: O
cortex,: O
substantia: O
innominata,: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
pars: O
compacta: O
(SNC),: O
pedunculopontine: O
tegmental: O
nucleus,: O
ventral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
gray: O
matter: O
including: O
the: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
mesencephalic: B-Individual_protein
and: O
pontine: O
reticular: O
formation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
relate: O
to: O
the: O
functional: O
component: O
of: O
peripheral: O
receptors: O
that: O
relay: O
their: O
input: O
via: O
the: O
dorsal: O
columns: O
and: O
do: O
not: O
seem: O
to: O
support: O
a: O
recent: O
suggestion: O
that: O
a: O
sizeable: O
fraction: O
of: O
unmyelinated: O
primary: O
afferents: O
ascend: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
columns: O
to: O
terminate: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nuclei(DCN): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
our: O
analysis: O
does: O
not: O
rule: O
out: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
as: O
a: O
site: O
of: O
mutant: O
gene: O
action,: O
the: O
modest: O
differences: O
between: O
mutant: O
and: O
normal: O
retinas: B-Individual_protein
suggest: O
that: O
the: O
mutation: O
either: O
acts: O
outside: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
or: O
exerts: O
a: O
highly: O
specific: O
effect: O
on: O
ganglion: O
cell: O
trajectories: O
alone.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Area: O
3b: O
also: O
interconnected: O
somatotopically: O
with: O
areas: O
S2: O
and: O
parietal: O
ventral: O
area(PV): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
B6: O
mouse,: O
carbachol: O
significantly: O
increased: O
specific: O
binding: O
of: O
[(35)S]GTPgammaS: O
in: O
the: O
pontine: O
reticular: O
nucleus,: O
caudal: O
part: O
(79%);: O
pontine: O
reticular: O
nucleus,: O
oral: O
part: O
(131%);: O
laterodorsal: O
tegmental: O
nucleus: O
(56%);: O
pedunculopontine: O
tegmental: O
nucleus: O
(86%);: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus: O
(53%);: O
dorsal: O
medial: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
(54%);: O
and: O
ventrolateral: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
(52%): O
when: O
compared: O
with: O
basal: O
binding.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Early: O
pattern: O
of: O
neuronal: O
differentiation: O
in: O
the: O
Xenopus: O
embryonic: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
and: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
normal: O
retinas,: O
two: O
populations: O
of: O
nucleoside: O
diphosphatase(NDPase): O
-positive: O
cells: O
were: O
identified:: O
compact: O
cells: O
associated: O
with: O
the: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
vessels: O
on: O
the: O
vitreal: O
surface: O
of: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
and: O
microglial: O
cells: O
in: O
various: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
layers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Parietotectal: O
projections: O
were: O
studied: O
in: O
the: O
macaque: O
monkey: O
in: O
experiments: O
designed: O
to: O
compare: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
fibers: O
originating: O
in: O
two: O
cytoarchitecturally: O
distinct: O
regions: O
within: O
the: O
inferior: O
parietal: O
lobule:: O
the: O
inferior: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
intraparietal: O
sulcus: O
(area: O
POa: O
of: O
Seltzer: O
and: O
Pandya,: O
'80): O
and: O
the: O
adjoining: O
part: O
of: O
area: O
PG: O
(von: O
Bonin: O
and: O
Bailey,: O
'47): O
on: O
the: O
convexity: O
of: O
the: O
hemisphere,: O
here: O
called: O
PGc.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Furthermore,: O
the: O
enzymatic: O
activities: O
of: O
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent: O
protein: O
kinase: O
II(CaMKII): O
and: O
protein: O
kinase: O
C(PKC): O
were: O
found: O
to: O
be: O
higher: O
in: O
the: O
mushroom: O
bodies/central: O
bodies: O
than: O
in: O
the: O
optic: O
and: O
antennal: O
lobes: O
of: O
the: O
worker: O
bee: O
brain.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Plp(+): O
progenitors: O
in: O
the: O
basal: O
plate: O
of: O
the: O
diencephalon(bpD): O
and: O
posterior: O
hypothalamus: O
appear: O
to: O
generate: O
glutamatergic: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
subthalamic: O
nucleus: O
and: O
GABAergic: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
mammillary: O
and: O
retromammillary: O
tegmentum: O
derivatives.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Patients: O
experiencing: O
spontaneous: O
seizures: O
of: O
temporal: O
lobe: O
origin: O
often: O
exhibit: O
a: O
shrunken: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
which: O
results: O
from: O
the: O
loss: O
of: O
dentate: B-Individual_protein
granule: O
cells,: O
hilar: O
neurons,: O
and: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
pyramidal: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
density: O
of: O
dopamine-beta-hydroxylase(DBH): O
-positive: O
axonal: O
boutons: O
within: O
the: O
reticular: O
nucleus: O
neuropil: O
is: O
greater: O
than: O
that: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
relay: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
thalamus: O
(with: O
the: O
exception: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
group: O
nuclei).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Particular: O
attention: O
was: O
directed: O
to: O
studying: O
the: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
red: O
nucleus: O
(RN): O
to: O
the: O
inferior: O
olivary: O
nucleus(ION): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Luteinizing: O
hormone-releasing: O
hormone: O
(LHRH): O
neurons: O
originate: O
in: O
the: O
epithelium: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
olfactory: O
pit: O
and: O
migrate: O
from: O
the: O
nose: O
into: O
the: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
along: O
nerve: O
fibers: O
rich: O
in: O
neural: O
cell: O
adhesion: O
molecule: O
(N-CAM).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Only: O
the: O
anterior: O
and: O
most: O
ventral: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
insular: O
cortex: O
overlying: O
the: O
anterior: O
rhinal: O
sulcus: O
were: O
connected: O
with: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
E14-E16,: O
when: O
most: O
axons: O
are: O
growing: O
across: O
the: O
chiasm: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
tract,: O
a: O
dynamic: O
pattern: O
of: O
fibroblast: O
growth: O
factor: O
receptors(FGFR): O
immunoreactivity: O
was: O
observed: O
on: O
the: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
axons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
squirrel: O
monkeys,: O
there: O
was: O
a: O
tendency: O
for: O
caudal: O
dorsolateral: O
area(DL): O
to: O
have: O
stronger: O
connections: O
with: O
pulvinar(PI): B-Individual_protein
CL: O
than: O
pulvinar(PI): B-Individual_protein
CM: O
and: O
for: O
rostral: O
dorsolateral: O
area(DL): O
/MT(C): O
to: O
have: O
stronger: O
connections: O
with: O
pulvinar(PI): B-Individual_protein
CM: O
than: O
pulvinar(PI): B-Individual_protein
CL.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
all: O
three: O
primates,: O
dorsolateral: O
area(DL): O
/MT(C): O
had: O
reciprocal: O
connections: O
with: O
the: O
pulvinar: B-Individual_protein
and: O
claustrum;: O
received: O
afferents: O
from: O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus,: O
dorsal: O
raphe,: O
nucleus: O
annularis,: O
central: O
superior: O
nucleus,: O
pontine: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus,: O
paracentral: O
nucleus,: O
central: O
medial: O
nucleus,: O
lateral: O
hypothalamus,: O
basal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
basal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Meynert/substantia: O
innominata;: O
and: O
sent: O
efferents: O
to: O
the: O
pons,: O
superior: O
colliculus,: O
reticular: O
nucleus,: O
caudate,: O
and: O
putamen.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

PICK1-immunoreactivity: O
(ir): O
was: O
observed: O
in: O
many: O
component: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
auditory: O
system,: O
including: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cochlear: O
nucleus,: O
anteroventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus,: O
posteroventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus,: O
some: O
divisions: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
olivary: O
complex,: O
inferior: O
colliculus,: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
body,: O
and: O
primary: O
auditory: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Within: O
the: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
fovea,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
cones: O
were: O
approximately: O
20%: O
the: O
diameter: O
of: O
those: O
in: O
the: O
peripheral: O
retina.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
thalamic: O
regions: O
and: O
substantia: O
innominata,: O
no: O
changes: O
were: O
observed: O
during: O
the: O
studied: O
period: O
(: O
[postnatal: O
day: O
7(Pd7): O
-Pd9).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast,: O
Phaseolus: O
vulgaris-leucoagglutinin(PHA-L): O
injection: O
involving: O
the: O
medial: O
tip: O
of: O
the: O
subthalamic: O
nucleus: O
did: O
not: O
produce: O
bandlike: O
fiber: O
patterns: O
in: O
the: O
globus: O
pallidus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Therefore: O
we: O
have: O
examined: O
the: O
rostrocaudal: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
afferent: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
connections: O
of: O
AGm: O
by: O
using: O
fluorescent: O
tracers,: O
to: O
determine: O
whether: O
there: O
are: O
significant: O
differences: O
between: O
rostral: O
and: O
caudal: O
AGm.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Visual: O
cortex: O
projections: O
to: O
AGm: O
originate: O
in: O
areas: O
Oc1,: O
Oc2L: O
and: O
Oc2M.: B-Individual_protein
Connections: O
of: O
rostral: O
AGm: O
with: O
visual: O
cortex: O
are: O
noticeably: O
less: O
dense: O
than: O
those: O
of: O
mid: O
and: O
caudal: O
AGm,: O
and: O
are: O
focused: O
in: O
area: O
Oc2L.: O
The: O
granular: O
visual: O
area: O
Oc1: O
projects: O
almost: O
exclusively: O
to: O
mid: O
and: O
caudal: O
AGm.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Ventromedial: O
dendrites: O
occasionally: O
cross: O
to: O
the: O
contralateral: O
ventral: O
horn: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
white: O
commissure: O
and: O
laterally: O
projecting: O
dendrites: O
could: O
be: O
seen: O
reaching: O
the: O
edge: O
of: O
the: O
cord,: O
turning: O
and: O
traveling: O
rostrally: O
or: O
caudally: O
for: O
up: O
to: O
100: O
microns.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
second: O
auditory: O
area,: O
AII,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
adjacent: O
auditory: O
association: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal: O
gyrus(STG): O
and: O
supratemporal: O
plane(STP): O
contributed: O
modest: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
dorsolateral,: B-Individual_protein
lateral,: O
and: O
peripedunuclar: O
nuclei,: O
but: O
generally: O
spared: O
the: O
extreme: O
dorsolateral: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
calculated: O
cell: O
increment: O
in: O
the: O
ectodermal: O
population: O
in: O
the: O
cortex: O
amounted: O
to: O
19.7-20.6%: O
(average: O
20.2%): O
and: O
to: O
196.0-425.0%: O
(average: O
247.0%): O
in: O
the: O
corpus: O
callosum: O
(pairs: O
of: O
figures: O
correspond: O
to: O
values: O
calcualted: O
from: O
LI: O
values: O
measured: O
in: O
sagittal: O
and: O
frontal: O
sections).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
cortical: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
parietal: O
and: O
occipital: O
lobes: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
primary: O
motor: O
cortex: O
of: O
the: O
frontal: O
lobe,: O
both: O
M1: B-Individual_protein
and: O
M2: O
receptor: O
subtypes: O
were: O
concentrated: O
in: O
the: O
supragranular: O
layers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
because: O
of: O
the: O
wide: O
extent: O
of: O
the: O
dendritic: O
fields: O
of: O
the: O
reticular: O
cells: O
and: O
the: O
degree: O
of: O
overlap: O
between: O
the: O
sectors: O
of: O
the: O
complex: O
subtended: O
by: O
adjacent: O
dorsal: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
and: O
adjacent: O
cortical: O
areas,: O
it: O
is: O
likely: O
that: O
the: O
reticular: O
complex: O
samples: O
thalamo-cortical: O
and: O
cortico-thalamic: O
activity: O
in: O
a: O
somewhat: O
unspecific: O
manner.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Single: O
unit: O
activity: O
was: O
examined: O
in: O
three: O
component: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
(DCN):: O
the: O
molecular: O
layer,: O
the: O
fusiform: O
cell: O
layer,: O
and: O
the: O
polymorphic: O
layer: O
(deep: O
dorsal: O
cochlear: O
nucleus(DCN): O
).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Most: O
axons: O
(16: O
of: O
20): O
with: O
dorsal: O
or: O
dorsolateral: O
receptive: O
fields(RFs): O
also: O
had: O
contralateral: O
projections: O
to: O
lateral: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
and: O
most: O
axons: O
(15: O
of: O
19): O
with: O
ventral: O
or: O
ventrolateral: O
receptive: O
fields(RFs): O
also: O
had: O
contralateral: O
projections: O
to: O
medial: O
dorsal: O
horn.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast: O
to: O
earlier: O
anatomical: O
studies: O
the: O
projections: O
of: O
the: O
gracile: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
internal: O
cuneate: O
nucleus: O
proved: O
to: O
be: O
independent: O
and: O
entirely: O
contralateral.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
purpose: O
of: O
this: O
investigation: O
was: O
to: O
study: O
possible: O
remodeling: O
in: O
synaptic: O
structures: O
of: O
the: O
piriform: O
cortex: O
(PC): O
of: O
adult: O
rats: O
following: O
neonatal: O
deafferentation: O
by: O
removal: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
(OB): O
at: O
birth.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

One: O
occupies: O
the: O
caudal: O
and: O
ventral: O
tectum: O
(in: O
which: O
region: O
laminar: O
cytoarchitecture: O
is: O
marked),: O
and: O
the: O
other: O
rostral: O
and: O
dorsal: O
tectum: O
(where: O
demarcation: O
of: O
cell: O
laminae: O
is: O
relatively: O
poor).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ventral: O
efferent: O
pathway: O
also: O
provides: O
descending: O
projections: O
to: O
autonomic: O
cell: O
groups: O
of: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
and: O
spinal: O
cord: O
including: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
matter,: O
the: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract,: O
the: O
dorsal: O
motor: O
vagal: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
ambiguus,: O
and: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla,: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
lamina: O
I: O
and: O
the: O
intermediolateral: O
column: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
neural: O
effects: O
of: O
the: O
lesions: O
were: O
assessed: O
by: O
measuring: O
the: O
volume: O
of: O
each: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
(CN): O
and: O
by: O
counting: O
the: O
number: O
of: O
neurons: O
in: O
each: O
cochlear: O
nucleus(CN): O
that: O
were: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
following: O
injections: O
of: O
WGA-HRP: O
in: O
the: O
left: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
(IC).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
conclude: O
that: O
cochlear: B-Individual_protein
lesions: O
in: O
infant: O
ferrets: O
can: O
alter: O
auditory: O
brainstem: O
morphology: O
and: O
connectivity.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Medium-sized: O
and: O
small: O
injections: O
in: O
ventral: O
lateral: O
nucleus(VL): O
labeled: O
spinothalamic: B-Individual_protein
tract(STT): O
cells: O
almost: O
exclusively: O
in: O
laminae: O
V: O
and: O
VII,: O
in: O
segments: O
consistent: O
with: O
the: O
coarse: O
mediolateral: O
ventral: O
lateral: O
nucleus(VL): O
topography;: O
few: O
or: O
no: O
cells: O
were: O
labeled: O
in: O
lamina: O
I.: O
All: O
injections: O
labeled: O
the: O
deep: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei: O
(see: O
accompanying: O
article:: O
Evrard: O
and: O
Craig,: O
2008).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
dorsal: O
part: O
of: O
VPMpc: B-Individual_protein
projected: O
to: O
the: O
adjacent: O
gustatory: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Area: O
Ial: O
received: O
fibers: O
from: O
area: O
24c.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurons: O
throughout: O
this: O
arc,: O
which: O
include: O
inspiratory: O
premotor: O
neurons: O
at: O
levels: O
straddling: O
the: O
obex: O
and: O
expiratory: O
premotor: O
neurons: O
more: O
caudally: O
(in: O
retroambigualis(RAm): O
),: O
were: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
from: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
injections.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Granule: O
cells: O
differentiation,: O
as: O
judged: O
by: O
the: O
transformation: O
of: O
polymorph,: O
darkly: O
staining: O
small: O
cells: O
into: O
rounder,: O
lightly: O
staining: O
larger: O
granule: O
cells,: O
follows: O
the: O
same: O
gradient: O
from: O
the: O
external: O
dentate: O
limb: O
to: O
the: O
internal: O
dentate: O
limb.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
latter: O
is: O
distributed: O
in: O
the: O
basal: O
polymorph: O
layer: O
throughout: O
the: O
entire: O
dentate: O
gyrus: O
and: O
is: O
henceforth: O
recognized: O
as: O
the: O
tertiary: O
dentate: O
matrix.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

There: O
was: O
one: O
striking: O
exception: O
to: O
this: O
rule:: O
no: O
immunoreactivity: O
was: O
detected: O
in: O
the: O
zebra: O
finch: O
telencephalon,: O
while: O
assays: O
had: O
shown: O
the: O
presence: O
of: O
an: O
active: O
enzyme: O
in: O
several: O
nuclei: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
robustus: O
archistriatalis,: O
the: O
hyperstriatum: O
ventrale: O
pars: O
caudale,: O
and: O
the: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
area: O
parahippocampalis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
morphology: O
of: O
these: O
cells: O
is: O
identical: O
to: O
that: O
of: O
motor: O
neurons: O
described: O
previously: O
in: O
both: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
and: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Heterogeneous: O
expression: O
of: O
connexin: O
36: O
in: O
the: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
epithelium: O
and: O
glomerular: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
situ: O
hybridization: O
revealed: O
that: O
mRNA: O
for: O
connexin: O
36(Cx36): O
was: O
expressed: O
in: O
the: O
olfactory: O
sensory: O
epithelium,: O
main: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
and: O
accessory: O
olfactory: O
bulb.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

There: O
was: O
intense: O
immunofluorescence: O
signal: O
in: O
the: O
glomerular: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
accessory: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
vomeronasal: O
nerve.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
pilocarpine: O
model: O
of: O
chronic: O
limbic: O
seizures,: O
vulnerability: O
of: O
GABAergic: O
interneurons: O
to: O
excitotoxic: O
damage: O
has: O
been: O
reported: O
in: O
the: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
CA1: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Amygdala: O
interconnections: O
with: O
the: O
cingulate: O
motor: O
cortices: O
were: O
investigated: O
in: O
the: O
rhesus: O
monkey.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
study: O
describes: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
labeled: O
hypothalamic: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
in: O
squirrel: O
monkey: O
following: O
pressure: O
injections: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP): O
into: O
cerebellar: O
cortex: O
and: O
the: O
pattern: O
of: O
labeling: O
in: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei: O
subsequent: O
to: O
iontophoretic: O
injections: O
localized: O
in: O
the: O
hypothalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
is: O
suggested: O
that: O
the: O
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
through: O
these: O
pathways,: O
may: O
have: O
a: O
relatively: O
direct: O
influence: O
on: O
visceral: O
centers: O
in: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
and: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

When: O
fluorogold(FG): O
injections: O
into: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus(SC): O
were: O
combined: O
with: O
immunocytochemical: O
detection: O
of: O
dopamine-beta-hydroxylase(DBH): O
,: O
double-labeled: O
cells: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
contralateral: O
locus: O
ceruleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

brain: O
nitric: O
oxide: O
synthase(BNOS): O
-stained: O
cells: O
were: O
found: O
consistently: O
in: O
the: O
C: O
laminae: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
(LGN),: O
the: O
pulvinar: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
lateral: O
posterior: O
nucleus: O
(LP).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
terminal: O
labeling: O
in: O
reticulospinal: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
pons: B-Individual_protein
and: O
medulla: O
increased: O
in: O
parallel: O
with: O
the: O
size: O
of: O
the: O
saccade: O
according: O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus(SC): O
motor: O
map.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
social: O
interactions: O
induced: O
increases: O
in: O
neural: O
activation,: O
indicated: O
by: O
increased: O
density: O
of: O
Fos-immunoreactive: O
staining: O
(Fos-ir): O
in: O
several: O
brain: O
regions: O
including: O
the: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis: O
(BNST),: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
area: O
(MPOA),: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
(PVN),: O
anterior: O
cortical: O
(AcA),: O
and: O
medial: O
nuclei: O
(MeA): O
of: O
the: O
amygdala.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
region: O
comprised: O
approximately: O
40%: O
of: O
the: O
total: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
area,: O
was: O
bordered: O
by: O
a: O
well-defined: O
line: O
of: O
decussation,: O
and: O
contained: O
an: O
average: O
of: O
approximately: O
3,000: O
ipsilaterally: O
projecting: O
ganglion: O
cells: O
of: O
equivalent: O
soma: O
sizes: O
in: O
the: O
two: O
pigmentation: O
phenotypes.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus,: O
olfactory: O
cell: O
adhesion: O
molecule(OCAM): O
on: O
mitral/tufted(M/T): O
cell: O
dendrites: O
may: O
act: O
in: O
a: O
spatiotemporal: O
window: O
to: O
specify: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
developing: O
rat: O
olfactory: O
bulb(OB): O
,: O
thereby: O
establishing: O
a: O
foundation: O
for: O
mapping: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
epithelium(OE): O
zonal: O
organization: O
onto: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb(OB): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis: O
as: O
opposed: O
to: O
their: O
dorsoventral: O
organization: O
in: O
rodents;: O
presence: O
of: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase(TH): O
-immunolabelled: O
cell: O
group: O
in: O
the: O
anterior: O
olfactory: O
nucleus: O
and: O
parolfactory: O
cortex,: O
which: O
seems: O
specific: O
for: O
primates.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ultrastructural: O
analysis: O
of: O
the: O
types: O
of: O
sprouted: O
synapses: O
revealed: O
that: O
1): O
in: O
the: O
supragranular: O
region,: O
labeled: O
synaptic: O
profiles: O
were: O
more: O
frequently: O
axospinous: O
than: O
axodendritic,: O
and: O
many: O
axospinous: O
synapses: O
were: O
perforated;: O
2): O
sprouted: O
mossy: O
fiber: O
synaptic: O
terminals: O
formed: O
exclusively: O
asymmetric,: O
putatively: O
excitatory: O
synapses: O
with: O
dendritic: O
spines: O
and: O
shafts: O
in: O
the: O
supragranular: O
region: O
and: O
with: O
the: O
soma: O
of: O
granule: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
granule: O
cell: O
layer;: O
3): O
in: O
contrast: O
to: O
the: O
large: O
sprouted: O
mossy: O
fiber: O
synapses: O
in: O
resected: O
human: O
epileptic: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
synapses: O
formed: O
by: O
sprouted: O
mossy: O
fibers: O
in: O
rats: O
were: O
smaller;: O
and: O
4): O
in: O
several: O
cases,: O
the: O
postsynaptic: O
targets: O
of: O
sprouted: O
synapses: O
were: O
identified: O
as: O
granule: O
cells,: O
but,: O
in: O
one: O
case,: O
a: O
sprouted: O
synaptic: O
terminal: O
formed: O
a: O
synapse: O
with: O
an: O
inhibitory: O
interneuron.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
show: O
that: O
Glycine: O
receptors(GlyRs): O
are: O
present: O
at: O
the: O
regional: O
level: O
in: O
low: O
concentrations: O
in: O
the: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
globus: O
pallidus: O
and: O
are: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
highest: O
concentrations: O
in: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

cholecystokinin-8(CCK): O
cells: O
and: O
fibers: O
first: O
appeared: O
in: O
the: O
developing: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
primordium: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
forebrain: O
bundle,: O
respectively,: O
at: O
gestational: O
day: O
15: O
(12-14-mm: O
embryos).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
present: O
study: O
the: O
localization: O
of: O
pituitary: B-Individual_protein
adenylate: O
cyclase-activating: O
peptide: O
(PACAP)-expressing: O
cell: O
bodies: O
and: O
pituitary: B-Individual_protein
adenylate: O
cyclase-activating: O
peptide(PACAP): O
projections: O
were: O
mapped: O
in: O
the: O
adult: O
rat: O
brain: O
and: O
spinal: O
cord: O
by: O
using: O
immunohistochemistry: O
and: O
in: O
situ: O
hybridization: O
histochemistry.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

An: O
intense: O
accumulation: O
of: O
pituitary: B-Individual_protein
adenylate: O
cyclase-activating: O
peptide(PACAP): O
-immunoreactive: O
(-IR): O
nerve: O
fibers: O
was: O
observed: O
throughout: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
amydaloid: O
and: O
extended: O
amygdaloid: O
complex,: O
in: O
the: O
anterior: O
and: O
paraventricular: O
thalamic: O
nuclei,: O
in: O
the: O
intergeniculate: O
leaflet,: O
in: O
the: O
pretectum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
in: O
several: O
brainstem: O
nuclei,: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
sensory: O
trigeminal: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
contrast: O
was: O
most: O
obvious: O
in: O
laminar: O
patterns: O
of: O
the: O
visual: O
cortex: O
and: O
hippocampal: O
formation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
recent: O
years,: O
GABAergic: O
neurons: O
have: O
been: O
identified: O
in: O
the: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
where: O
cholinergic: O
cortically: O
projecting: O
neurons: O
are: O
located: O
and: O
known: O
to: O
be: O
important: O
in: O
mechanisms: O
of: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
activation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
results: O
suggest: O
that: O
many: O
GABAergic: O
neurons: O
may: O
represent: O
interneurons: O
in: O
the: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
and: O
potentially: O
exert: O
an: O
inhibitory: O
influence: O
on: O
adjacent: O
cortically: B-Individual_protein
projecting: O
cholinergic: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Several: O
types: O
of: O
neuropeptide: O
Y(NPY): O
-containing: O
neurons: O
can: O
be: O
distinguished: O
by: O
their: O
laminar: O
location,: O
by: O
the: O
size: O
of: O
their: O
perikarya,: O
and: O
by: O
the: O
size,: O
shape,: O
and: O
pattern: O
of: O
ramification: O
of: O
their: O
processes:: O
1): O
layer: O
I: O
small: O
local: O
circuit: O
neurons;: O
2): O
layer: O
II: O
granule: O
cells;: O
3): O
aspiny: O
stellate: O
cells: O
located: O
in: O
layers: O
II-III: O
and: O
V-VI,: O
with: O
long,: O
slender: O
dendrites;: O
4): O
sparsely: O
spiny: O
stellate: O
cells;: O
5): O
aspiny: O
stellate: O
cells: O
with: O
long,: O
horizontally: O
oriented: O
dendrites,: O
whose: O
cell: O
body: O
is: O
situated: O
in: O
layer: O
VI;: O
6): O
Martinotti: O
cells: O
in: O
areas: O
9,: O
7,: O
and: O
24;: O
and: O
7): O
multipolar: O
neurons: O
situated: O
in: O
the: O
white: O
matter: O
subjacent: O
to: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
gray.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
presence: O
of: O
multiple: O
auditory: O
cortical: O
fields: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
is: O
consistent: O
with: O
auditory: O
cortical: O
organization: O
in: O
other: O
mammals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Finally,: O
the: O
physiological: O
data: O
suggest: O
that: O
core: O
auditory: O
cortex: O
(temporal: O
area: O
TE1): O
is: O
composed: O
not: O
only: O
of: O
auditory: O
cortical: O
field(AI): O
as: O
previously: O
thought,: O
but: O
also: O
of: O
at: O
least: O
two: O
other: O
subdivisions,: O
P: O
and: O
an: O
anterior: O
field: O
(A).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Here,: O
the: O
development: O
of: O
the: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid: O
(GABA)-ergic: O
systems: O
was: O
studied: O
in: O
embryos,: O
prolarvae,: O
and: O
small: O
larvae: O
of: O
the: O
sea: O
lamprey: O
using: O
an: O
anti-: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
antibody.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Two: O
compact: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
ir: O
clusters,: O
one: O
consisting: O
of: O
cerebrospinal: O
fluid-contacting(CSF-c): O
neurons,: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
(ventral): O
thalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
neurons: O
of: O
antenno-cerebral: O
tract: O
IV: O
innervate: O
not: O
only: O
the: O
mushroom: O
body: O
calyces: O
and: O
the: O
lateral: O
lobe: O
but: O
also: O
neuropil: O
regions: O
not: O
previously: O
described: O
in: O
the: O
cockroach.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
outputs: O
from: O
the: O
mushroom: O
body,: O
central: O
complex,: O
and: O
posteroventral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
horn: O
converge: O
on: O
some: O
of: O
the: O
premotor: O
areas,: O
presumably: O
to: O
modulate: O
the: O
activity: O
of: O
some: O
sensorimotor: O
pathways.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Distribution: O
of: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
CA1: O
and: O
subicular: B-Individual_protein
efferents: O
in: O
the: O
prefrontal: O
cortex: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
studied: O
by: O
means: O
of: O
anterograde: O
transport: O
of: O
Phaseolus: O
vulgaris-leucoagglutinin.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

VGF: O
expression: O
was: O
first: O
detectable: O
at: O
embryonic: O
day: O
11.5: O
in: O
the: O
primordia: O
of: O
cranial,: O
sympathetic,: O
and: O
dorsal: O
root: O
ganglia,: O
and: O
its: O
distribution: O
expanded: O
throughout: O
development: O
to: O
include: O
significant: O
expression: O
throughout: O
the: O
brain,: O
spinal: O
cord,: O
and: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
of: O
the: O
adult: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Anterograde: O
tracers: O
injected: O
in: O
the: O
intact: O
eye: O
reveal: O
a: O
crossed: O
projection: O
of: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract(NOT): O
and: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
(DTN): O
and: O
medial: O
(MTN): O
terminal: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
accessory: O
optic: O
system: O
as: O
in: O
normal: O
rats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

For: O
example,: O
the: O
hippocampal: O
formation: O
receives: O
moderately: O
dense: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
caudal: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus(DR): O
and: O
essentially: O
none: O
from: O
the: O
rostral: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus(DR): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
anaesthetized: O
and: O
paralyzed: O
monkeys: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract(NOT): O
-DTN: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
were: O
identified: O
physiologically: O
and: O
tested: O
for: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
input: O
by: O
electrical: O
stimulation: O
in: O
various: O
cortical: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Both: O
injections: O
into: O
V1: B-Individual_protein
and: O
into: O
the: O
lower: O
bank: O
of: O
superior: O
temporal: O
sulcus(STS): O
resulted: O
in: O
anterogradely: O
labelled: O
fibers: O
and: O
terminals: O
around: O
the: O
recording: O
sites: O
of: O
direction-specific: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract(NOT): O
-DTN: B-Individual_protein
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Labeled: O
preterminal: O
axons: O
entered: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei(CN): O
and: O
gave: O
rise: O
to: O
beaded: O
axons: O
that: O
arborized: O
primarily: O
within: O
dorsal: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
lateral,: O
interposed,: O
and: O
medial: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

With: O
the: O
exception: O
of: O
the: O
rostral: O
and: O
medial: O
territory: O
of: O
interpositus: O
anterior: O
which: O
received: O
very: O
sparse: O
input,: O
all: O
portions: O
of: O
each: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei(CN): O
subdivision: O
seemed: O
to: O
exhibit: O
some: O
degree: O
of: O
terminal: O
labeling.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
is: O
likely: O
that: O
most: O
of: O
the: O
axons: O
which: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei(CN): O
are: O
collaterals: O
of: O
fibers: O
that: O
continue: O
into: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
cortex: O
as: O
mossy: O
fibers: O
but: O
confirmation: O
of: O
this: O
point: O
must: O
await: O
further: O
investigation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
light: O
of: O
the: O
extensive: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
to: O
the: O
basilar: O
pontine: O
nuclei(BPN): O
and: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
tegmenti: O
pontis(NRTP): O
,: O
this: O
axonal: O
system: O
provides: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
with: O
a: O
relatively: O
direct: O
route: O
of: O
access: O
to: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei(CN): O
via: O
one: O
synapse: O
in: O
the: O
basilar: O
pontine: O
nuclei(BPN): O
or: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
tegmenti: O
pontis(NRTP): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
effects: O
of: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
lesion: O
on: O
calretinin: O
regulation: O
are: O
more: O
intense: O
in: O
those: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
subdivisions: O
more: O
densely: O
innervated: O
by: O
the: O
corticocollicular: O
projection.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Inferior: O
colliculus: O
responses: O
to: O
dual-site: O
intralamina: O
stimulation: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
organization: O
of: O
auditory: O
nerve: O
input: O
to: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
will: O
heavily: O
influence: O
the: O
mechanisms: O
by: O
which: O
acoustic: O
information: O
is: O
processed.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
intersegmental: O
neurons: O
include:: O
(1): O
two: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
brain: O
and: O
2: O
pairs: O
of: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
3rd: O
and: O
4th: O
neuromeres: O
of: O
the: O
subesophageal: O
ganglion,: O
which: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
6th: O
abdominal: O
ganglion;: O
(2): O
a: O
segmentally: O
organized: O
group: O
of: O
ascending: O
interneurons: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
subesophageal: O
and: O
in: O
all: O
thoracic: O
ganglia;: O
and: O
(3): O
pairs: O
of: O
ascending: O
interneurons: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
4th: O
and: O
5th: O
ganglia: O
in: O
the: O
abdominal: O
nerve: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
ventral: O
group,: O
the: O
most: O
rostral: O
constituent,: O
composed: O
of: O
both: O
small: O
and: O
ovoid: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
retrochiasmatic: O
area,: O
appeared: O
to: O
represent: O
the: O
rostral: O
commissural: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
arcuate: O
nucleus: O
(Arc).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
retrograde: O
transport: O
of: O
the: O
conjugate: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin-horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(WGA-HRP): O
was: O
used: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
to: O
identify: O
the: O
cell: O
bodies: O
of: O
origin: O
for: O
all: O
subcortical: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
the: O
basilar: O
pontine: O
nuclei: O
(BPN).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
survival: O
periods: O
of: O
72-96: O
hours,: O
dorsal: O
root: O
ganglia: O
(DRG),: O
segments: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
and: O
medulla: O
oblongata: O
were: O
sectioned: O
and: O
reacted: O
histochemically: O
with: O
tetramethylbenzidine: O
to: O
reveal: O
the: O
transganglionically: O
transported: O
tracer.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
study: O
confirms: O
that: O
cochlear: B-Individual_protein
root: O
neurons(CRNs): O
project: O
directly: O
onto: O
reticulospinal: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
and: O
presents: O
other: O
anatomical: O
features: O
of: O
the: O
cochlear: O
root: O
neurons(CRNs): O
that: O
contribute: O
to: O
a: O
better: O
understanding: O
of: O
the: O
circuitry: O
of: O
the: O
auditory: O
startle: O
reflex(ASR): O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
as: O
development: O
progressed: O
(E12.5-E15.5),: O
sympathetic: O
preganglionic: O
neurons(SPN): O
in: O
control: O
mice: O
migrated: O
dorsally: O
toward: O
the: O
intermediate: O
lateral: O
spinal: O
cord: O
region,: O
where: O
80%: O
settled: O
to: O
form: O
the: O
intermediolateral: O
column: O
(IML);: O
the: O
rest: O
migrated: O
medially: O
to: O
locations: O
between: O
the: O
intermediolateral: O
column(IML): O
and: O
the: O
central: O
canal.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
reeler,: O
80%: O
of: O
sympathetic: O
preganglionic: O
neurons(SPN): O
migrated: O
dorsomedially: O
to: O
cluster: O
around: O
the: O
central: O
canal,: O
with: O
the: O
rest: O
distributed: O
between: O
the: O
central: O
canal: O
and: O
the: O
intermediate: O
lateral: O
spinal: O
cord: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Functional: O
and: O
anatomical: O
localization: O
of: O
mu: O
opioid: O
receptors: O
in: O
the: O
striatum,: B-Individual_protein
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
extended: O
amygdala: O
of: O
the: O
nonhuman: O
primate.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
contained: O
the: O
highest: O
concentration: O
of: O
[(3)H]DAMGO: O
binding: O
sites: O
measured: O
in: O
this: O
study,: O
with: O
the: O
densest: O
levels: O
of: O
binding: O
noted: O
within: O
the: O
basal,: O
accessory: O
basal,: O
paralaminar,: O
and: O
medial: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Whereas: O
the: O
concentration: O
of: O
[(3)H]DAMGO: O
binding: O
sites: O
in: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
was: O
very: O
low,: O
the: O
concentration: O
of: O
DAMGO-stimulated: O
G-protein: O
activation: O
in: O
this: O
nucleus,: O
as: O
measured: O
with: O
[(35)S]GTPgammaS: O
binding,: O
was: O
relatively: O
high: O
compared: O
to: O
other: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
containing: O
much: O
higher: O
concentrations: O
of: O
[(3)H]DAMGO: O
binding: O
sites.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Extracellular: O
multielectrode: O
surface: O
mapping: O
defined: O
a: O
region: O
between: O
auditory: O
and: O
somatosensory: O
cortex: O
where: O
responses: O
to: O
combined: O
auditory/somatosensory: O
stimulation: O
were: O
larger: O
in: O
amplitude: O
and: O
earlier: O
in: O
latency: O
than: O
responses: O
to: O
either: O
stimulus: O
alone.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord,: O
vestibular: O
terminals: O
are: O
most: O
numerous: O
in: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
ventral: O
horn: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
triangular: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
horn.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
of: O
normal: O
rats: O
subjected: O
to: O
off-vertical: O
axis: O
rotation(OVAR): O
,: O
a: O
high: O
density: O
of: O
Fos-immunoreactive: O
(Fos-ir): O
neurons: O
was: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
vestibular: O
nuclear: O
complex: O
(namely,: O
spinal: O
vestibular: O
nucleus,: O
SpVe;: O
medial: O
vestibular: O
nucleus,: O
Mve;: O
superior: O
vestibular: O
nucleus,: O
SuVe): O
and: O
subnuclei: O
(namely,: O
group: O
x: O
and: O
group: O
y),: O
whereas: O
a: O
lower: O
density: O
was: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
vestibular: O
nucleus: O
(LVe).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
of: O
the: O
posterodorsal: O
preoptic: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
posterodorsal: O
medial: O
amygdala: O
in: O
male: O
gerbils,: O
with: O
emphasis: O
on: O
cells: O
activated: O
with: O
ejaculation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Ejaculation-activated: O
cells: O
participate: O
in: O
the: O
posterodorsal: O
preoptic: O
nucleus(PdPN): O
and: O
MeApd: O
projections: O
to: O
each: O
other: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
sexually: O
dimorphic: O
preoptic: O
area: O
(SDA),: O
but: O
those: O
projections: O
involve: O
less: O
than: O
20%: O
of: O
the: O
activated: O
posterodorsal: O
preoptic: O
nucleus(PdPN): O
cells: O
and: O
less: O
than: O
50%: O
of: O
the: O
activated: O
MeApd: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
identify: O
other: O
potential: O
targets: O
of: O
ejaculation-activated: O
cells,: O
we: O
traced: O
posterodorsal: O
preoptic: O
nucleus(PdPN): O
and: O
lateral: O
MeApd: O
outputs: O
using: O
biotinylated: O
dextran: O
amine.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Song: O
nuclei: O
(the: O
high: O
vocal: O
center: O
[HVc],: O
robust: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
archistriatum: O
[RA],: O
and: O
Area: O
X): O
were: O
largest,: O
T: O
was: O
highest,: O
and: O
the: O
density: O
of: O
alpha(2): O
adrenergic: O
receptors: O
(within: O
HVc: O
and: O
RA): O
was: O
lowest: O
during: O
the: O
breeding: O
season.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
telencephalic: O
regions,: O
intense: O
Differentiation-associated: O
Na(+)-dependent: O
inorganic: O
phosphate: O
cotransporter(DNPI): O
immunoreactivity: O
was: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
glomeruli: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
layer: O
IV: O
of: O
the: O
neocortex,: B-Individual_protein
granular: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus,: O
presubiculum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
postsubiculum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
comparison: O
between: O
animals: O
with: O
lesions: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
and: O
intact: O
animals: O
found: O
no: O
differences: O
in: O
the: O
organization: O
of: O
these: O
zones: O
or: O
in: O
the: O
responses: O
to: O
peripheral: O
input,: O
suggesting: O
that: O
cholinergic: O
inputs: O
to: O
the: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
are: O
not: O
essential: O
to: O
these: O
properties.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Massive: O
injections: O
of: O
the: O
caudal: O
thalamus: O
in: O
several: O
cats: O
showed: O
the: O
spinothalamic: B-Individual_protein
cells: O
of: O
origin: O
to: O
be: O
located: O
mainly: O
in: O
laminae: O
I,: O
VII: O
and: O
VIII: O
in: O
the: O
lumbar: O
enlargement,: O
and: O
in: O
laminae: O
I,: O
V: O
and: O
VII-VIII: O
in: O
the: O
cervical: O
enlargement.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Moreover,: O
the: O
rostrocaudal: O
distribution: O
of: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
in: O
mediodorsal(MD): B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
medial: O
pulvinar: O
also: O
differed: O
depending: O
on: O
the: O
degree: O
of: O
the: O
laminar: O
definition: O
of: O
the: O
prefrontal: O
target: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Serial: O
sections: O
from: O
the: O
principal: O
nucleus: O
(Vp),: O
dorsomedial: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
oral: O
and: O
interpolar: O
nuclei: O
(Vdm),: O
and: O
lamina: O
III/IV: O
of: O
caudal: O
nucleus: O
(Vc): O
were: O
immunostained: O
for: O
glutamate(Glu): O
and: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
by: O
using: O
a: O
postembedding: O
immunogold: O
technique.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
concerning: O
details: O
there: O
are: O
some: O
differences: O
in: O
so: O
far: O
as: O
the: O
heaviest: O
contribution: O
to: O
crus: O
I: O
comes: O
from: O
the: O
medial: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
and: O
dorsal: O
lamella,: O
that: O
to: O
crus: O
II: O
from: O
its: O
lateral: O
part,: O
especially: O
the: O
ventral: O
bend.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cell: O
proliferation: O
in: O
the: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
of: O
the: O
sea: O
lamprey: O
(Petromyzon: O
marinus: O
L.): O
was: O
investigated: O
by: O
proliferation: O
cell: O
nuclear: O
antigen: O
(PCNA): O
immunocytochemistry,: O
with: O
BrdU: O
labeling: O
as: O
a: O
complementary: O
technique.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Brainstems: O
were: O
cut: O
in: O
sagittal: O
section: O
to: O
facilitate: O
examination: O
of: O
the: O
rostral-caudal: O
extent: O
of: O
raphe: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
serotonergic: O
(5HT): O
fibers: O
described: O
by: O
Dahlström: O
and: O
Fuxe: O
('65): O
to: O
terminate: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
horn,: O
intermediolateral: O
cell: O
column,: O
and: O
ventral: O
horn: O
are: O
likely: O
to: O
coincide: O
with: O
the: O
raphe-spinal: O
projections: O
documented: O
in: O
this: O
work.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Descending: O
projections: O
of: O
Dl: O
are: O
primarily: O
to: O
the: O
preoptic: O
area: O
and: O
the: O
caudal: O
hypothalamus,: O
whereas: O
descending: O
projections: O
of: O
Dm: O
are: O
more: O
extensive: O
and: O
particularly: O
heavy: O
to: O
the: O
anterior: O
tuber: O
and: O
nucleus: O
diffusus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Based: O
upon: O
cellular: O
and: O
fibrillar: O
characteristics,: O
the: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
Hsc: O
are:: O
(1): O
the: O
superficial: O
plexiform: O
layer;: O
(2): O
the: O
cellular: O
layer;: O
(3): O
the: O
deep: O
plexiform: O
layer;: O
(4): O
the: O
layer: O
of: O
deep: O
fibers,: O
or: O
alveus;: O
and,: O
(5): O
the: O
ventricular: O
ependyma.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
dorsal: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
5HT-IR: O
fibers: O
coursed: O
along: O
the: O
layer: O
of: O
olfactory: O
fibers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Experimental: O
lesion: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
nerve: O
was: O
used: O
to: O
determine: O
the: O
origin: O
of: O
5HT-IR: O
fibers: O
rostral: O
to: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurons: O
with: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
(high-frequency): O
part: O
of: O
the: O
contralateral: O
IC: O
were: O
preferentially: O
located: O
ventrolaterally: O
in: O
dorsal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus(DNLL): O
;: O
those: O
with: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
IC: O
were: O
preferentially: O
located: O
ventromedially: O
in: O
dorsal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus(DNLL): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

spinal: O
nerve(SN): O
8: O
and: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
nerve(SN): O
10: O
were: O
transected: O
on: O
one: O
side,: O
and: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
nerve(SN): O
9: O
was: O
left: O
intact.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
subnucleus: O
reticularis: O
dorsalis(SRD): O
received: O
dense: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
from: O
larger,: O
widespread: O
cortical: O
areas:: O
M1,: O
M2,: O
S1,: O
S2,: O
and: O
the: O
insular: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injection: O
of: O
biotylinated: O
dextran: O
into: O
the: O
dorsal: O
subnucleus: O
caudalis: O
produced: O
dense: O
anterograde: O
labeling: O
in: O
dorsal: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
medullary: B-Individual_protein
and: O
pontine: O
reticular: O
formation: O
including: O
the: O
dorsal: O
medullary: O
reticular: O
field,: O
the: O
parvicellular: O
reticular: O
field,: O
and: O
the: O
parvicellular: O
reticular: O
field: O
pars: O
anterior.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
ventral: O
medullary: O
and: O
pontine: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
light: O
anterograde: O
labeling: O
tended: O
to: O
be: O
distributed: O
in: O
close: O
proximity: O
to: O
the: O
distal: O
dendrites: O
of: O
catecholaminergic: O
neurons: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
C1,: B-Individual_protein
A1,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
A5: O
regions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
determined: O
different: O
patterns: O
of: O
fissurization: O
in: O
Broca's: O
area,: O
the: O
gyrus: O
of: O
Heschl,: O
the: O
planum: O
temporale,: O
the: O
inferior: O
parietal: O
lobe,: O
and: O
the: O
cingulate: O
sulcus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

High: O
levels: O
of: O
Per1: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
internal: O
granular: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
granular: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
anterior: O
olfactory: O
nuclei,: O
tenia: O
tecta,: O
olfactory: O
tubercle,: O
piriform: O
cortex,: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
gyrus: O
dentatus: O
of: O
hippocampus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Only: O
and: O
"parahippocampus"(APH): O
received: O
bilateral: O
input: O
from: O
the: O
nucleus: O
superficialis: O
parvicellularis: O
(this: O
nucleus: O
may: O
send: O
a: O
small: O
projection: O
to: O
"hippocampus"(Hp): O
): O
and: O
nucleus: O
dorsolateralis: O
anterior: O
thalami,: O
pars: O
medialis,: O
and: O
an: O
ipsilateral: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
nucleus: O
subrotundus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Callosal: B-Individual_protein
connections: O
of: O
the: O
posterior: O
neocortex: O
in: O
normal-eyed,: O
congenitally: O
anophthalmic,: O
and: O
neonatally: O
enucleated: O
mice.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cell-dense: O
central: O
(: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
nucleus(MPN): O
c): O
and: O
medial: O
(: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
nucleus(MPN): O
m): O
subdivisions: O
are: O
larger: O
in: O
male: O
rats,: O
while: O
the: O
cell-sparse: O
lateral: O
subdivision: O
(: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
nucleus(MPN): O
l): O
occupies: O
a: O
majority: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
in: O
females.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
parabigeminal: O
nucleus: O
receives: O
its: O
major: O
input: O
from: O
the: O
superficial: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
via: O
the: O
tectoparabigeminal: O
projection.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
overlap: O
of: O
spinothalamic: B-Individual_protein
and: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nuclei: O
projections: O
in: O
the: O
ventrobasal: O
complex: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
thalamus:: B-Individual_protein
a: O
double: O
anterograde: O
labeling: O
study: O
using: O
light: O
microscopy: O
analysis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

On: O
the: O
other: O
hand,: O
if: O
tritiated: O
leucine: O
was: O
injected: O
into: O
the: O
cuneate: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin: O
conjugated: O
to: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(WGA-HRP): O
placed: O
in: O
the: O
cervical: O
enlargement,: O
then: O
the: O
caudal: O
and: O
ventral: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
VB: O
demonstrated: O
overlap: O
of: O
both: O
labels.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
E100,: O
beta: O
receptors: O
were: O
identified: O
in: O
the: O
striatum,: B-Individual_protein
globus: O
pallidus,: O
and: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Fibers: O
and: O
terminations: O
immunolabelled: O
with: O
Phaseolus: O
vulgaris-leucoagglutinin(PHA-L): O
from: O
ipsilateral: O
somatic: O
sensory: O
cortex(SI): O
were: O
distributed: O
in: O
somatic: O
sensory: O
cortex(SI): O
I: O
in: O
a: O
typical: O
patchy: O
pattern: O
and: O
were: O
mostly: O
concentrated: O
in: O
supragranular: O
layers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Electron: O
microscopy: O
is: O
used: O
to: O
study: O
changes: O
in: O
the: O
axons: O
and: O
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
cat: O
brain: O
stem: O
trigeminal: O
nuclei,: O
main: O
sensory,: O
and: O
partes: O
interpolaris: O
and: O
caudalis,: O
during: O
the: O
process: O
of: O
natural: O
tooth: O
shedding.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Three: O
categories: O
of: O
terminals: O
with: O
clear: O
vesicles: O
are: O
present: O
within: O
the: O
synaptic: O
clusters: O
in: O
all: O
nuclear: O
divisions: O
of: O
the: O
olive,: O
whereas: O
a: O
fourth: O
with: O
large: O
dense: O
core: O
vesicles: O
is: O
restricted: O
primarily: O
to: O
the: O
principal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

cholera: O
toxin: O
B(CTb): O
/: O
cocaine-: O
and: O
amphetamine-related: O
transcript(CART): O
neurons: O
were: O
also: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
hypothalamus,: O
zona: O
incerta,: O
and: O
periventricular: O
hypothalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Between: O
3: O
days: O
and: O
8: O
weeks: O
after: O
grafting,: O
N-CAM: O
and: O
L1: O
mRNA: O
were: O
generally: O
weakly: O
upregulated: O
in: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
thalamus,: O
but,: O
most: O
conspicuously,: O
L1: O
mRNA: O
was: O
strongly: O
upregulated: O
in: O
the: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
thalamic: O
reticular: O
nucleus;: O
these: O
neurons: O
are: O
known: O
to: O
regenerate: O
axons: O
very: O
effectively: O
into: O
peripheral: O
nerve: O
grafts: O
and: O
are: O
the: O
probable: O
source: O
of: O
most: O
of: O
the: O
axons: O
which: O
enter: O
thalamic: O
grafts.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

No: O
differences: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
cell: O
cycle: O
times: O
between: O
the: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
ventricular: O
and: O
subventricular: O
zone: O
in: O
the: O
same: O
neocortical: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Calretinin-immunoreactivity: O
was: O
present: O
exclusively: O
in: O
non-granule: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus: O
and: O
in: O
non-pyramidal: O
cells: O
of: O
Ammon's: O
horn.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

GABA-,: O
CCK-,: O
VIP,: O
and: O
SS-: O
somatostatin(SS)-like: O
immunoreactivity(LI): O
are: O
found: O
exclusively: O
in: O
interneurons: O
of: O
the: O
area: O
dentata: O
and: O
hippocampus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
area: O
CA1,: O
SS-: O
somatostatin(SS)-like: O
immunoreactivity(LI): O
is: O
present: O
mainly: O
in: O
cells: O
of: O
strata: O
oriens: O
and: O
pyramidale.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Only: O
lumbar: O
and: O
sacral: O
spinal: O
cord: O
tissue: O
revealed: O
pathological: O
insults: O
typical: O
of: O
physical: O
and: O
ischemic: O
spinal: O
cord: O
injury: O
in: O
the: O
surviving: O
motor: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
disappearance: O
of: O
RC-2+: O
(radial): O
glia: O
during: O
postnatal: O
development: O
and: O
the: O
persistence: O
of: O
glial-derived: O
extracellular: O
matrix(ECM): O
molecules: O
such: O
as: O
tenascin: O
and: O
chondroitin: O
sulfate: O
proteoglycans: O
(as: O
well: O
as: O
other: O
"boundary": O
molecules): O
in: O
the: O
adult: O
subventricular: O
zone(SVZ): O
may: O
be: O
associated: O
with: O
a: O
persistence: O
of: O
immaturity,: O
cell: O
death,: O
and: O
a: O
lack: O
of: O
cell: O
emigration: O
from: O
the: O
subventricular: O
zone(SVZ): O
in: O
the: O
adult.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Spinovestibular: O
projections: O
in: O
the: O
rat,: O
with: O
particular: O
reference: O
to: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
central: O
cervical: O
nucleus: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
vestibular: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
from: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
to: O
the: O
vestibular: O
nuclei: O
were: O
examined: O
following: O
injections: O
of: O
Phaseolus: O
vulgaris-leucoagglutinin,: O
cholera: O
toxin: O
subunit: O
B,: O
or: O
biotinylated: O
dextran: O
at: O
various: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Labeled: O
terminals: O
were: O
abundant: O
after: O
injections: O
of: O
the: O
tracers: O
into: O
the: O
C2: O
and: O
C3: O
segments: O
containing: O
the: O
central: O
cervical: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
central: O
cervical: O
nucleus: O
to: O
the: O
vestibular: O
nuclei: O
were: O
exclusively: O
contralateral: O
to: O
the: O
cells: O
of: O
origin: O
because: O
the: O
axons: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
cervical: O
nucleus: O
neurons: O
cross: O
in: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
indicate: O
that: O
primary: O
neck: O
afferent: O
input: O
relayed: O
at: O
the: O
central: O
cervical: O
nucleus: O
is: O
mediated: O
directly: O
to: O
the: O
contralateral: O
vestibular: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Lesions: O
were: O
placed: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
lemniscus,: O
somatosensory: O
cortex,: O
and: O
the: O
mesencephalon: B-Individual_protein
in: O
addition: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
terminal: O
arbors: O
of: O
axons: O
within: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(LGN): O
layer: O
A: O
are: O
always: O
more: O
mature: O
than: O
those: O
ending: O
in: O
layer: O
A1,: O
an: O
observation: O
consistent: O
with: O
previous: O
findings: O
that: O
axons: O
from: O
the: O
contralateral: O
eye: O
arrive: O
within: O
the: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(LGN): O
several: O
days: O
before: O
those: O
from: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
eye.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Areas: O
infected: O
later,: O
most: O
likely: O
related: O
to: O
reception: O
of: O
cold-related: O
signals,: O
comprised: O
the: O
lateral: O
preoptic: O
area,: O
parastrial: O
nucleus,: O
dorsomedial: O
hypothalamic: O
nucleus,: O
lateral: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Unilateral: O
cochlea: B-Individual_protein
removal: O
induces: O
transneuronal: O
degeneration: O
of: O
30-45%: O
of: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
magnocellular: O
cells,: O
thereby: O
partially: O
denervating: O
one: O
dendrite: O
of: O
the: O
n.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
animals: O
with: O
long-standing: O
transections: O
of: O
the: O
crossed: O
dorsal: O
cochlear: O
tract: O
there: O
is: O
no: O
evidence: O
of: O
sprouting: O
the: O
fibers: O
from: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
n.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
is: O
concluded: O
that: O
the: O
medial: O
hypothalamus: O
is: O
essential: O
for: O
the: O
development: O
of: O
defensively: O
conditioned: O
heart: O
rate: O
change,: O
and: O
based: O
on: O
previous: O
findings: O
it: O
is: O
suggested: O
that: O
the: O
critical: O
descending: O
pathway: O
for: O
expression: O
of: O
this: O
conditioned: O
response: O
involves: O
the: O
archistriatal: O
projection: O
upon: O
the: O
medial: O
hypothalamus: O
and: O
subsequently: O
a: O
polysynaptic: O
pathway: O
through: O
the: O
ventral: O
brainstem.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
triangularis,: O
a: O
dorso-medial: O
extension: O
of: O
rotundus(Rt): O
which: O
receives: O
its: O
input: O
from: O
the: O
deepest: O
of: O
all: O
stratum: O
griseum: O
centrale(SGC): O
neurons,: O
sends: O
its: O
efferents: O
to: O
all: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
ectostriatum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
large: O
fraction: O
of: O
neurons: O
in: O
each: O
of: O
these: O
nuclei: O
had: O
bulbospinal: O
projections,: O
ranging: O
from: O
>: O
or: O
=56%: O
for: O
the: O
raphe: O
nuclei: O
to: O
>: O
or: O
=14%: O
for: O
the: O
gigantocellular: O
reticular: O
nucleus(Gi): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
data: O
is: O
discussed: O
considering: O
the: O
possible: O
function: O
of: O
peptides: O
within: O
descending: O
amygdaloid: B-Individual_protein
pathways: O
to: O
the: O
brainstem.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
more: O
caudal: O
levels,: O
reactive: O
neurons: O
are: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
substance,: O
various: O
raphe: O
nuclei,: O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus,: O
the: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract,: O
and: O
the: O
mesencephalic: B-Individual_protein
and: O
bulbar: O
reticular: O
formation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Areal: O
and: O
laminar: O
distribution: O
of: O
neurons: O
interconnecting: O
the: O
central: O
visual: O
cortical: O
areas: O
17,: O
18,: B-Individual_protein
19,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
MT: B-Individual_protein
in: O
squirrel: O
monkey: O
(Saimiri).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Each: O
of: O
areas: O
18,: O
19,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
MT.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Surgical: O
lesion: O
of: O
the: O
fasciculus: O
retroflexus: O
revealed: O
that: O
the: O
dense: O
fiber: O
network: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus: O
originates: O
from: O
the: O
ventral: O
and: O
dorsal: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
habenula.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
a: O
first: O
series: O
of: O
experiments,: O
the: O
lectin: O
wheat: O
germ-agglutinin: O
conjugated: O
with: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(WGA-HRP): O
was: O
injected: O
into: O
all: O
major: O
sensory,: O
motor,: O
intralaminar,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
reticular: O
(RE): O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
of: O
cats: O
and: O
into: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
(MD): O
and: O
pulvinar-lateroposterior: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
of: O
macaque: O
monkeys.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
central: O
auditory: O
system: O
contains: O
several: O
predominantly: O
glycine-immunoreactive: O
nuclei,: O
and: O
one: O
of: O
these,: O
the: O
lateral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body,: O
contains: O
cell: O
bodies: O
exhibiting: O
a: O
spectrum: O
of: O
labeling: O
intensity.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
other: O
two: O
subnuclei: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body,: O
its: O
main: O
and: O
hilus: B-Individual_protein
subnuclei,: O
contained: O
predominantly: O
glycine-immunoreactive: O
and: O
glycine-immunonegative: O
neurons,: O
respectively.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Lower: O
densities: O
of: O
leucin-enkephalin(LENK): O
+: O
and: O
substance: O
P(SP): O
+: O
perikarya: O
and: O
fibers: O
occur: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
pallium: O
and: O
the: O
pars: O
centralis: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
pallium.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
present: O
results: O
indicate: O
that: O
in: O
the: O
monkey,: O
as: O
in: O
the: O
rat,: O
CA3: O
cells: O
give: O
rise: O
to: O
extensive: O
projections: O
to: O
CA1: B-Individual_protein
and: O
CA3.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
at: O
the: O
thoracic: O
level: O
many: O
were: O
also: O
situated: O
lateral: O
to: O
the: O
central: O
canal,: O
with: O
their: O
processes: O
running: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
lateral: O
and: O
contralateral: O
ventral: O
funiculi.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
auditory: O
receptor: O
epithelium: O
of: O
mammals: O
receives: O
efferent: O
innervation: O
from: O
neurons: O
within: O
and: O
surrounding: O
the: O
superior: O
olivary: O
complex: O
of: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
(Warr: O
[1975]: O
J.: O
Comp.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
therefore: O
suggest: O
that: O
cortico-cortically: O
projecting: O
cells: O
with: O
wide: O
collateral: O
arbors: O
are: O
orientation: O
selective: O
and: O
that: O
clustered: O
long-range: O
projections: O
within: O
area: O
17: O
connect: O
columns: O
with: O
similar: O
functional: O
specificity.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
first: O
group: O
of: O
fetuses: O
were: O
between: O
60: O
and: O
93: O
days: O
after: O
conception: O
(E60-E93),: O
when: O
the: O
ventricular: O
and: O
subventricular: O
zones: O
of: O
the: O
monkey: O
occipital: O
lobe: O
produce: O
neurons: O
destined: O
for: O
the: O
visual: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
unoperated: O
animals,: O
the: O
region: O
of: O
ventroposterior: O
lateral: O
nucleus(VPL): O
representing: O
the: O
hand: O
was: O
characterized: O
by: O
relatively: O
dense: O
and: O
homogeneous: O
cytochrome: O
oxidase(CO): O
staining: O
throughout: O
the: O
rostral-caudal: O
extent: O
of: O
ventroposterior: O
lateral: O
nucleus(VPL): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

By: O
contrast,: O
animals: O
that: O
received: O
total: O
removals: O
of: O
the: O
postcentral: O
hand: O
representations: O
showed: O
a: O
dramatic: O
reduction: O
in: O
cytochrome: O
oxidase(CO): O
staining: O
in: O
the: O
ventroposterior: O
lateral: O
nucleus(VPL): O
,: O
which: O
was: O
confined: O
to: O
the: O
expected: O
location: O
of: O
the: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
hand: O
representation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
parabigeminal: O
nucleus: O
(Pbg): O
to: O
the: O
striate-recipient: O
zone: O
of: O
the: O
pulvinar: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
prosimian: O
Galago: O
was: O
identified: O
by: O
anterograde: O
and: O
retrograde: O
transport: O
methods.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Separate: O
vasotocin: O
(AVT)-: O
immunoreactivity(ir): O
and: O
isotocin: O
(IST)-: O
immunoreactivity(ir): O
cells: O
were: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
preopticus: O
(nPO),: O
but: O
many: O
AVT-: O
immunoreactivity(ir): O
nucleus: O
preopticus(nPO): O
neurons: O
also: O
displayed: O
growth: O
hormone-releasing: O
factor: O
(GRF)-like-: O
immunoreactivity(ir): O
,: O
and: O
in: O
some: O
animals: O
corticotrophin-releasing: O
factor: O
(CRF)-like-: O
immunoreactivity(ir): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Throughout: O
the: O
brain,: O
Foxp2: O
was: O
highly: O
enriched: O
in: O
areas: O
involved: O
in: O
modulation: O
of: O
fine: O
motor: O
output: O
(striatum,: O
mesolimbic: O
dopamine: O
circuit,: O
olivocerebellar: O
system): O
and: O
in: O
multimodal: O
sensory: O
processing: O
and: O
sensorimotor: O
integration: O
(thalamus,: O
cortex).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Pv: O
also: O
projects: O
to: O
a: O
temporal: O
anterior: O
area,: O
TA.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Nucleus: O
caudalis: O
expression: O
of: O
preproenkephalin: O
mRNA: O
changes: O
following: O
lesions: O
depleting: O
small-caliber: O
primary: O
afferent: O
fibers: O
and: O
after: O
stimulation: O
of: O
trigeminal: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
at: O
different: O
intensities.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

High: O
levels: O
of: O
expression: O
were: O
detected: O
in: O
the: O
cerebellum: O
(Purkinje: O
and: O
granule: O
cell: O
layers),: O
choroid: O
plexus,: O
medial: O
habenula,: O
pontine: O
nuclei,: O
several: O
brainstem: O
nuclei,: O
and: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
(pyramidal: O
cell: O
layer).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
/WGA-: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
injection: O
into: O
the: O
ciliary: O
ganglion(CG): O
labeled: O
cells: O
in: O
all: O
these: O
areas: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
border: O
zones: O
of: O
the: O
anteromedian,: O
Edinger-Westphal: O
and: O
somatic: O
oculomotor: O
nuclei,: O
and: O
their: O
ventral: O
continuations: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neocortex: B-Individual_protein
provides: O
direct: O
synaptic: O
input: O
to: O
interstitial: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
intermediate: O
zone: O
of: O
kittens: O
and: O
white: O
matter: O
of: O
cats:: O
a: O
light: O
and: O
electron: O
microscopic: O
study.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Medium-sized: O
(0.06-0.14: O
microliter): O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
injections: O
were: O
made: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
(CN: O
inferior: O
colliculus(IC): O
),: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
CN: O
inferior: O
colliculus(IC): O
,: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cortex: O
(DC: O
inferior: O
colliculus(IC): O
),: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
external: O
cortex: O
(EC: O
inferior: O
colliculus(IC): O
): O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus(IC): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Lighter: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
posterior: O
piriform: O
cortex: O
originated: O
in: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
and: O
parvicellular: O
divisions: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
and: O
accessory: O
basal: O
nuclei,: O
and: O
the: O
anterior: O
cortical: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
examining: O
the: O
early: O
stages: O
of: O
gliogenesis: O
from: O
progenitors: O
in: O
the: O
subventricular: O
zone(SVZ): O
,: O
we: O
noted: O
that: O
interactions: O
with: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
blood: O
vessels: O
took: O
place: O
at: O
what: O
appeared: O
to: O
be: O
an: O
early: O
stage: O
of: O
glial: O
differentiation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Predominant: O
parvalbumin(PV): O
immunostaining: O
characterizes: O
primary: O
somatosensory,: O
visual: O
and: O
auditory: O
nuclei,: O
the: O
ventral: O
lateral: O
posterior: O
nucleus,: O
reticular: O
nucleus: O
(R),: O
and: O
to: O
a: O
lesser: O
degree: O
also,: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
centre: O
median: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
anterior,: O
lateral,: O
and: O
inferior: O
divisions: O
of: O
the: O
pulvinar: O
complex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Visual: O
orientation: O
can: O
be: O
restored: O
to: O
the: O
blind: O
hemifield: O
by: O
transection: O
of: O
the: O
commissure: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
or: O
by: O
destruction: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
(SC): O
or: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
pars: O
reticulata: O
(SNpr): O
contralateral: O
to: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
lesion.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
directly: O
tested: O
the: O
disinhibition: O
hypothesis: O
by: O
reversibly: O
disinhibiting: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus(SC): O
ipsilateral: O
to: O
a: O
visual: O
cortical: O
lesion: O
with: O
a: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid: O
(GABA)A: O
antagonist,: O
bicuculline: O
methiodide.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
normal: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IPN): O
the: O
rostral: O
subnucleus: O
can: O
be: O
subdivided: O
into: O
two: O
sectors: O
on: O
the: O
basis: O
of: O
substance: O
P(SP): O
content.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Olivocochlear: O
(OC): O
terminals: O
in: O
inner: O
and: O
outer: O
hair: O
cell: O
(IHC: O
and: O
OHC): O
regions: O
were: O
analyzed: O
quantitatively: O
along: O
the: O
cochlear: O
spiral: O
via: O
light-microscopic: O
observation: O
of: O
cochlear: O
wholemounts: O
immunostained: O
with: O
antibodies: O
to: O
glutamic: O
acid: O
decarboxylase: O
(GAD),: O
vesicular: O
acetylcholine: O
transporter: O
(VAT),: O
or: O
the: O
peptide: O
calcitonin: O
gene-related: O
peptide(CGRP): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
in: O
mouse: O
showed: O
that: O
(1): O
there: O
are: O
prominent: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
ergic,: O
cholinergic,: O
and: O
calcitonin: O
gene-related: O
peptide(CGRP): O
ergic: O
innervations: O
in: O
the: O
OHC: O
and: O
IHC: O
regions,: O
(2): O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
and: O
calcitonin: O
gene-related: O
peptide(CGRP): O
are: O
extensively: O
colocalized: O
with: O
acetylcholine(ACh): O
in: O
all: O
Olivocochlear(OC): B-Individual_protein
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
IHC: O
and: O
OHC: O
areas,: O
(3): O
the: O
longitudinal: O
gradient: O
of: O
Olivocochlear(OC): B-Individual_protein
innervation: O
peaks: O
roughly: O
at: O
the: O
10-kHz: O
region: O
in: O
the: O
OHC: O
area: O
and: O
is: O
more: O
uniform: O
along: O
the: O
cochlear: O
spiral: O
in: O
the: O
IHC: O
area,: O
(4): O
in: O
contrast: O
to: O
other: O
mammalian: O
species: O
there: O
is: O
no: O
radial: O
gradient: O
of: O
Olivocochlear(OC): B-Individual_protein
innervation: O
of: O
the: O
OHCs,: O
and: O
(5): O
all: O
OHC: O
efferent: O
terminals: O
arise: O
from: O
the: O
medial: O
Olivocochlear(OC): O
system: O
and: O
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
IHC: O
area: O
arise: O
from: O
the: O
lateral: O
Olivocochlear(OC): O
system.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
examined: O
the: O
origin: O
of: O
the: O
subcortical: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
the: O
superficial: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
striate: O
cortex: O
in: O
Tupaia: O
glis: O
and: O
Galago: O
senegalensis: O
by: O
using: O
the: O
retrograde: O
transport: O
of: O
HRP.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
quantitative: O
investigation: O
of: O
spine: O
and: O
dendrite: O
development: O
of: O
neurons: O
in: O
visual: O
cortex: O
(area: O
17): O
of: O
Macaca: O
nemestrina: O
monkeys.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Fractones: O
and: O
other: O
basal: O
laminae: O
in: O
the: O
hypothalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Results: O
from: O
these: O
experiments: O
demonstrated: O
that: O
four: O
catecholaminergic: O
cell: O
groups: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
septum:: O
(1): O
the: O
group: O
related: O
to: O
the: O
zona: O
incerta: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
thalamus,: O
(2): O
the: O
posterior: O
tubercle/mesencephalic: O
group,: O
(3): O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus,: O
and: O
(4): O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

in: O
the: O
olfactory: O
glomeruli: O
and: O
in: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Quantitative: O
analysis: O
revealed: O
that: O
these: O
projections: O
terminated: O
most: O
extensively: O
in: O
the: O
neostriatum,: B-Individual_protein
to: O
a: O
lesser: O
extent: O
in: O
MI: O
cortex,: O
and: O
innervated: O
the: O
least: O
amount: O
of: O
neuropil: O
in: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
and: O
pontine: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
the: O
level: O
of: O
dorsal: O
root: O
section: O
and: O
immediately: O
adjacent: O
sections: O
dense: O
terminal: O
fields: O
were: O
evident: O
throughout: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
(Layers: O
I-V),: O
including: O
the: O
substantia: O
gelatinosa.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
main: O
areas: O
shown: O
to: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
optic: O
tectum: O
were: O
the: O
following:: O
the: O
caudoventral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
pallium,: O
the: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
thalamus: O
and: O
dorsal: O
thalamus,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
posterior: O
commissure,: O
the: O
torus: O
semicircularis,: O
the: O
mesencephalic: O
M5: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Schober,: O
the: O
mesencephalic: O
reticular: O
area,: O
the: O
ishtmic: O
area,: O
and: O
the: O
octavolateral: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Bombesin: O
is: O
a: O
peptide: O
neurotransmitter/neuromodulator: O
with: O
important: O
autonomic: O
and: O
behavioral: O
effects: O
that: O
are: O
mediated,: O
at: O
least: O
in: O
part,: O
by: O
bombesin-containing: O
neurons: O
and: O
nerve: O
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract: O
(NTS): O
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
vagus: O
(DMV).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
exists: O
in: O
high: O
concentrations: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area: O
and: O
adjacent: O
midline: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
mesencephalon,: O
and: O
recent: O
microinjection: O
studies: O
have: O
demonstrated: O
that: O
neurotensin: O
can: O
act: O
in: O
this: O
brain: O
region: O
to: O
produce: O
both: O
a: O
decrease: O
in: O
colonic: O
temperature,: O
and: O
an: O
increase: O
in: O
spontaneous: O
motor: O
activity.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
this: O
study: O
it: O
was: O
found: O
that: O
hypothermia: O
was: O
most: O
successfully: O
evoked: O
following: O
neurotensin: O
injection: O
along: O
the: O
midline: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
mesencephalon,: O
corresponding: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
linearis: O
centralis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
theory: O
considers: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
plate(CP): O
to: O
be: O
a: O
mammalian: O
innovation: O
and: O
to: O
represent: O
a: O
single,: O
stratified,: O
and: O
expanding: O
telencephalic: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
octavolateral: O
area: O
could: O
be: O
subdivided: O
into: O
the: O
nucleus: O
vestibularis: O
magnocellularis,: O
nucleus: O
tangentialis,: O
nucleus: O
vestibularis: O
descendens: O
and: O
nucleus: O
intermedius.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

From: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
chiasm,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
discontinuity: O
was: O
at: O
the: O
ventral: O
retinal: O
radius: O
(i.e.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

the: O
right: O
retinal: O
clock-face: O
positions: O
were: O
ordered: O
6-9-12-3-6: O
o'clock: O
across: O
the: O
line);: O
just: O
central: O
to: O
the: O
chiasm,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
fibers: O
reordered: O
to: O
put: O
the: O
discontinuity: O
at: O
the: O
nasal: O
radius: O
(clock-face: O
positions: O
ordered: O
3-6-9-12-3);: O
at: O
the: O
brachial: O
bifurcation,: O
the: O
3-6-9: O
half: O
turned: O
dorsally,: O
the: O
9-12-3: O
half,: O
ventrally.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Callosal: B-Individual_protein
connectivity: O
of: O
areas: O
V1: O
and: O
V2: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
newborn: O
monkey.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
second: O
reaches: O
the: O
Timm-positive: O
zones: O
in: O
the: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
and: O
septum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
is: O
topographically: O
arranged:: O
the: O
vertical: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
intermediate: O
and: O
caudal: O
medial: O
cortex: O
and: O
the: O
entire: O
rostral: O
medial: O
cortex: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
inner: O
two-thirds: O
of: O
the: O
outer: O
plexiform: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
cortex: O
and: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
subfield: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cortex;: O
to: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
zone: O
of: O
the: O
inner: O
plexiform: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
cortex;: O
and: O
bilaterally: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
precommissural: O
septum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Connections: O
of: O
area: O
8: O
with: O
area: O
6: O
in: O
the: O
brain: O
of: O
the: O
macaque: O
monkey.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
dorsal: O
substantia: O
innominata(SI): O
receives: O
selective: O
innervation: O
from: O
the: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis,: O
the: O
central: O
and: O
basolateral: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
fundus: O
of: O
the: O
striatum,: B-Individual_protein
distinctive: O
perifornical: O
and: O
caudolateral: O
zones: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
hypothalamus,: O
and: O
caudal: O
brainstem: O
structures: O
including: O
the: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus,: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

PKC-gamma-immunolabeled: O
axons: O
terminated: O
in: O
all: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
and: O
superior: O
vestibular: O
nuclei: O
and: O
the: O
MVN,: O
DVN,: O
parasolitary: O
nucleus(Psol): O
,: O
and: O
nucleus: O
prepositus: O
hypoglossi(NPH): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Central: O
projections: O
of: O
axotomized: O
sensory: O
neurons: O
to: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
(substantia: O
gelatinosa,: O
Clarke's: O
column): O
also: O
showed: O
an: O
increase: O
in: O
CD44-immunoreactivity(CD44-IR): O
,: O
which: O
was: O
abolished: O
by: O
spinal: O
root: O
transection.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
cat,: O
somatosensory: O
nuclei: O
send: O
substantial: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
inferior: O
olive,: O
where: O
they: O
terminate: O
in: O
a: O
somatotopic: O
fashion.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
results: O
suggest: O
that: O
the: O
expression: O
of: O
PSD-95: O
membrane-associated: O
guanylate: O
kinase(MAGUK): O
genes: O
in: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
may: O
provide: O
mechanisms: O
for: O
synaptic: O
organization: O
that: O
are: O
not: O
shared: O
by: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
electrosensory: O
lateral: O
line: O
lobe(ELL): O
and: O
cerebellum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
distribution: O
and: O
differential: O
staining: O
patterns: O
of: O
cytochrome: O
oxidase: O
(CO): O
activity: O
in: O
visual: O
cortical: O
areas: O
have: O
provided: O
useful: O
anatomical: O
markers: O
for: O
the: O
modular: O
organization: O
of: O
area: O
17: O
(striate: O
cortex): O
and: O
area: O
18: O
in: O
primates.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
distribution: O
of: O
spinocerebellar: O
tract: O
(SCT): O
neurons: O
has: O
been: O
studied: O
in: O
the: O
entire: O
length: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
of: O
the: O
cat: O
following: O
injections: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
into: O
the: O
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
whether: O
or: O
not: O
the: O
axons: O
of: O
the: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
crossed: O
within: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
was: O
determined: O
in: O
cases: O
with: O
injections: O
preceded: O
by: O
hemisections: O
at: O
the: O
cervical: O
levels.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Positive: O
cells: O
were: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
superior: O
and: O
inferior: O
colliculi,: O
the: O
ventral: O
cochlear: O
nuclei,: O
the: O
ventral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus,: O
nucleus: O
cuneatus,: O
nucleus: O
gracilus,: O
and: O
the: O
substantia: O
gelatinosa.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Within: O
the: O
forebrain,: B-Individual_protein
intensely: O
immunoreactive: O
cells: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
layers: O
II-III: O
of: O
the: O
neocortex,: B-Individual_protein
anterior: O
olfactory: O
nucleus,: O
hippocampal: O
formation,: O
and: O
amygdala.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
present: O
investigation: O
evaluated: O
intergeniculate: O
leaflet(IGL): O
connections: O
with: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
subcortical: O
visual: O
shell: O
and: O
determined: O
the: O
extent: O
of: O
interconnectivity: O
between: O
these: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
intergeniculate: O
leaflet(IGL): O
has: O
a: O
well-established: O
role: O
in: O
circadian: O
rhythm: O
regulation,: O
but: O
there: O
is: O
as: O
yet: O
no: O
known: O
function: O
for: O
it: O
in: O
the: O
larger: O
context: O
of: O
the: O
subcortical: O
visual: O
system,: O
much: O
of: O
which: O
is: O
involved: O
in: O
oculomotor: O
control.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Also: O
examined: O
were: O
the: O
synaptic: O
connections: O
of: O
extrinsic: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
axon: O
terminals: O
labeled: O
by: O
lesion-induced: O
degeneration: O
consequent: O
to: O
the: O
severing: O
of: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
fibers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Immunoreactivity: O
was: O
uniformly: O
high: O
in: O
lateral: O
horn: O
motoneurons: O
(the: O
retrodorsolateral: O
nucleus): O
of: O
males: O
and: O
females: O
at: O
all: O
ages: O
examined.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
regions: O
containing: O
the: O
lowest: O
densities: O
of: O
parvalbumin-positive: O
profiles: O
were: O
the: O
medial: O
nucleus,: O
anterior: O
cortical: O
nucleus,: O
central: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
paralaminar: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

GABAergic: O
regulation: O
of: O
noradrenergic: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
A5: O
cell: O
group: O
in: O
the: O
rat:: O
an: O
electron: O
microscopic: O
analysis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Recent: O
studies: O
have: O
demonstrated: O
an: O
important: O
contribution: O
of: O
the: O
A5: O
noradrenergic: O
cell: O
group: O
of: O
the: O
rostral: O
medulla: O
in: O
the: O
regulation: O
of: O
nociceptive: O
messages: O
at: O
the: O
level: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Using: O
the: O
indirect: O
immunofluorescence: O
technique: O
on: O
frozen: O
sections,: O
we: O
observed: O
bright: O
and: O
continuous: O
labelling: O
exclusively: O
in: O
the: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
pigment: O
epithelium: O
(: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
pigment: O
epithelium(RPE): O
): O
of: O
normal: O
adult: O
newts,: O
but: O
labelling: O
became: O
diminished: O
near: O
the: O
ora: O
serrata: O
region: O
and: O
stopped: O
abruptly: O
at: O
the: O
ciliary: O
margin.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Evidence: O
for: O
a: O
functional: O
and: O
anatomical: O
relationship: O
between: O
the: O
lateral: O
septum: O
and: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
control: O
of: O
flank: O
marking: O
behavior: O
in: O
Golden: O
hamsters.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
Protopterus,: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
organ: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
telencephalic: O
hemisphere,: O
but: O
not: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
roof.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
medium-sized: O
to: O
large: O
larvae,: O
proliferating: O
cell: O
nuclear: O
antigen(PCNA): O
-immunoreactive: O
(-ir): O
cells: O
were: O
numerous: O
in: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
retina: O
near: O
the: O
differentiated: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
larval: O
retina: O
(central: O
retina).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Comparison: O
of: O
these: O
sequential: O
steps: O
with: O
their: O
counterparts: O
in: O
the: O
development: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
olive: O
(ION): O
and: O
external: O
cuneatus: O
(ECN): O
brings: O
to: O
light: O
the: O
essential: O
role: O
of: O
the: O
neuroepithelial: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
interolivary: O
commissure: O
(the: O
"floor: O
plate").: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
dendrites: O
of: O
neighbouring: O
postnatal: O
ganglion: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
rabbit: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
also: O
grow: O
by: O
different: O
amounts;: O
the: O
increase: O
in: O
dendritic: O
tree: O
area,: O
total: O
dendritic: O
length,: O
and: O
mean: O
internodal: O
distances: O
of: O
alpha: O
cells: O
exceeded: O
that: O
of: O
small: O
field: O
and: O
medium: O
field: O
cells: O
in: O
corresponding: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
positions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Heavily: O
labeled: O
estrogen(ER): O
mRNA-containing: O
cells: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
regions: O
known: O
to: O
be: O
involved: O
in: O
the: O
neural: O
control: O
of: O
gonadotropin: O
release,: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
anteroventral: O
periventricular: O
and: O
the: O
arcuate: O
nuclei,: O
but: O
only: O
a: O
moderate: O
density: O
of: O
labeling: O
for: O
androgen(AR): O
mRNA: O
was: O
found: O
over: O
these: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Furthermore,: O
heavily: O
labeled: O
androgen(AR): O
mRNA-containing: O
cells: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
vestibular: O
nuclei,: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nuclei,: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus,: O
which: O
suggests: O
that: O
androgens: O
may: O
alter: O
the: O
central: O
relay: O
of: O
vestibular: O
and: O
auditory: O
information: O
as: O
well.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
electrosensory: O
lateral: O
line: O
lobe(ELL): O
before: O
day: O
5: O
postspawning,: O
germinal: O
cells: O
form: O
from: O
an: O
initial: O
periventricular: O
germinal: O
zone,: O
then: O
migrate: O
to: O
the: O
caudolateral: O
border: O
of: O
the: O
hindbrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
begin: O
dividing.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Primary: O
electrosensory: O
afferents: O
enter: O
the: O
electrosensory: O
lateral: O
line: O
lobe(ELL): O
by: O
day: O
6;: O
incoming: O
afferents: O
form: O
four: O
fascicles: O
within: O
the: O
electrosensory: O
lateral: O
line: O
lobe(ELL): O
,: O
suggesting: O
the: O
formation: O
of: O
separate: O
electrosensory: O
lateral: O
line: O
lobe(ELL): O
segments.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
its: O
maximal: O
mediolateral: O
extent: O
in: O
coronal: O
sections,: O
lateral: O
magnocellular: O
nucleus(LM): O
underlies: O
the: O
laterodorsal: O
and: O
lateroposterior: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
features: O
suggest: O
that: O
lateral: O
magnocellular: O
nucleus(LM): O
neurons: O
are: O
highly: O
active: O
metabolically: O
and: O
may: O
be: O
fast: O
conducting: O
efferents: O
to: O
cingulate: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Inputs: O
to: O
different: O
zones: O
of: O
motor,: O
premotor,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
postarcuate: O
cortex,: O
supplementary: O
motor: O
area,: O
and: O
areas: O
3b/1: O
and: O
2/5: O
in: O
the: O
postcentral: O
cortex,: O
were: O
examined.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

EP3R-expressing: O
cells: O
were: O
also: O
prominent: O
in: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
cell: O
groups: O
involved: O
in: O
nociceptive: O
information: O
processing/modulation: O
(periaqueductal: O
gray,: O
locus: O
coeruleus: O
(LC),: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus: O
(PB),: O
caudal: O
raphé: O
nuclei),: O
arousal: O
and: O
wakefulness: O
(LC,: O
midbrain: O
raphé: O
and: O
tuberomammillary: O
nuclei);: O
and: O
in: O
conveying: O
interoceptive: O
input,: O
including: O
systemic: O
IL-1: O
signals,: O
to: O
the: O
endocrine: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
(nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract: O
(NTS): O
and: O
rostral: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla: O
[VLM]).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
neonatal: O
days: O
7,: O
9,: O
11,: O
13,: O
and: O
26,: O
amygdaloid: O
fibers: O
were: O
in: O
particular: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
thalamus: O
(MDT),: O
nucleus: O
accumbens: O
(Acb),: O
and: O
prefrontal: O
cortex: O
(PFC).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Spinal: O
cord/brainstem: O
preparations: O
from: O
5-: O
to: O
8-day-old: O
rats,: O
maintained: O
in: O
vitro,: B-Individual_protein
were: O
used: O
to: O
determine: O
the: O
cells: O
of: O
origin: O
and: O
regions: O
of: O
termination: O
of: O
fibers: O
in: O
the: O
superficial: O
ventrolateral: O
funiculus: O
(VLF): O
at: O
a: O
site: O
from: O
which: O
rhythmic: O
locomotor-like: O
activity: O
can: O
be: O
induced.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Tract-tracing: O
experiments: O
by: O
using: O
biocytin,: O
pressure-injected: O
into: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
funiculus(VLF): O
,: O
showed: O
that: O
only: O
a: O
small: O
number: O
of: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
were: O
labeled: O
and: O
these: O
were: O
scattered: O
bilaterally: O
in: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
and: O
lateral: O
medulla.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
injection: O
sites: O
included: O
the: O
tail: O
and: O
genu: O
of: O
the: O
caudate: O
nucleus: O
(14: O
cases),: O
the: O
head: O
of: O
the: O
caudate: O
(1: O
case),: O
and: O
the: O
ventral: O
putamen: O
(3: O
cases).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
number: O
of: O
Galanin(GA): O
-ir: O
neurons: O
estimated: O
from: O
three: O
brains: O
was: O
11,100: O
+/-: O
2,400: O
for: O
the: O
intermediate: O
nucleus,: O
57,800: O
+/-: O
9,100: O
for: O
the: O
supraoptic: O
nucleus: O
and: O
47,400: O
+/-: O
13,900: O
for: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
coexistence: O
of: O
Galanin(GA): O
with: O
arginine: O
vasopressin: O
(AVP),: O
oxytocin: O
(OXY),: O
and: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase: O
(TH): O
was: O
examined: O
in: O
the: O
supraoptic,: B-Individual_protein
paraventricular,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nuclei: O
in: O
adjacent: O
paraffin: O
sections.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thalamic: B-Individual_protein
connections: O
of: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
visual: O
area: O
in: O
primates.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
"third": O
eyes: O
often: O
developed: O
an: O
optic: O
nerve: O
that: O
penetrated: O
the: O
host: O
brain: O
and: O
made: O
one: O
of: O
three: O
central: O
projections:: O
bilateral: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
thalami,: O
tecta,: O
and: O
basal: O
optic: O
nuclei;: O
ipsilateral: O
to: O
the: O
same: O
areas;: O
or: O
ipsilateral: O
into: O
the: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
identified: O
Tumor: O
necrosis: O
factor-alpha(TNF: O
alpha): O
-like: O
immunoreactive: O
(: O
immunoreactive(ir): O
): O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
te: O
recombinant: O
murine(rm): O
inalis,: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
raphe: O
nuclei,: O
and: O
along: O
the: O
ventral: O
pontine: O
and: O
medullary: O
surface.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
studied: O
these: O
sequelae: O
of: O
entorhinal: B-Individual_protein
lesions: O
in: O
young: O
adult: O
rats: O
which: O
had: O
been: O
treated: O
with: O
6-hydroxydopamine: O
(6-OHDA): O
as: O
neonates,: O
in: O
order: O
to: O
determine: O
whether: O
in: O
the: O
absence: O
of: O
its: O
normal: O
noradrenergic: O
input,: O
morphological: O
plasticity: O
in: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus: O
would: O
be: O
altered: O
either: O
in: O
magnitude: O
or: O
extent.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Changes: O
during: O
the: O
development: O
and: O
degeneration: O
of: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
in: O
020/A: O
mice,: O
which: O
are: O
homozygous: O
for: O
the: O
newly: O
reported: O
rds: O
(retinal: O
degeneration: O
slow),: O
gene: O
were: O
studied: O
by: O
histological: O
and: O
enzyme-histochemical: O
methods: O
with: O
Balb/c: O
mice: O
carrying: O
the: O
normal: O
allele: O
as: O
control.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

habenula,: O
supraoptic: O
nucleus,: O
pontine: B-Individual_protein
nucleus): O
contained: O
pronounced: O
levels: O
of: O
glutamate: O
carboxypeptidase: O
II(GCP: O
II): O
message.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

All: O
animals: O
also: O
received: O
a: O
midthoracic: O
spinal: O
cord: O
lesion: O
on: O
the: O
side: O
ipsilateral: O
to: O
the: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
injections.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
also: O
receives: O
fibers: O
from: O
the: O
visual: O
related: O
cortex;: O
(3): O
the: O
intermediate: O
zone,: O
which: O
does: O
not: O
receive: O
fibers: O
from: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
nor: O
the: O
visual: O
cortex,: O
is: O
reciprocally: O
connected: O
with: O
the: O
midbrain,: B-Individual_protein
primarily: O
with: O
the: O
superficial: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
(SC),: O
and: O
gives: O
rise: O
to: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
centralis: O
lateralis: O
bilaterally;: O
and: O
(4): O
the: O
medial: O
zone,: O
from: O
which: O
commissural: B-Individual_protein
fibers: O
arise,: O
receives: O
afferents: O
bilaterally: O
from: O
the: O
retina,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
sends: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus(SC): O
bilaterally.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
early: O
neurogenesis: O
of: O
the: O
mouse: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
nerve,: O
from: O
its: O
exist: O
at: O
the: O
nasal: O
epithelium: O
to: O
its: O
entrance: O
into: O
the: O
embryonic: O
telencephalon,: O
has: O
been: O
investigated: O
by: O
using: O
the: O
rapid: O
Golgi: O
method: O
and: O
electron: O
microscopy.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
all: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
NADPH-d: O
staining: O
was: O
present: O
in: O
neurons: O
and: O
fibers: O
in: O
the: O
superficial: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
and: O
in: O
neurons: O
around: O
the: O
central: O
canal: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
commissure.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
the: O
sympathetic: O
autonomic: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
lumbar: O
segments: O
exhibited: O
prominent: O
NADPH-d: O
cellular: O
staining: O
whereas: O
the: O
parasympathetic: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
sacral: O
segments: O
was: O
not: O
well: O
stained.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
spinal: O
nucleus,: O
most: O
of: O
the: O
neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
VII: O
were: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus,: O
but: O
some: O
were: O
also: O
found: O
in: O
its: O
central: O
and: O
ventral: O
parts.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

By: O
using: O
retrograde: O
double: O
labeling: O
after: O
injections: O
of: O
different: O
tracers: O
in: O
the: O
XII: O
and: O
VII: B-Individual_protein
on: O
the: O
same: O
side,: O
we: O
examined: O
whether: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
complex: O
project: O
to: O
both: O
motor: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Relations: O
between: O
the: O
basal: O
ganglia: O
and: O
the: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
were: O
investigated: O
in: O
two: O
different: O
orders: O
of: O
reptiles:: O
turtles: O
(Chrysemys: O
scripta): O
and: O
crocodilians: O
(Caiman: O
crocodilus).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
paleostriatal-pretectal-tectal: O
pathway: O
is: O
comparable: O
to: O
a: O
previously: O
described: O
paleostriatal-pretectal-tectal: O
channel: O
in: O
birds: O
that: O
involves: O
a: O
relay: O
in: O
the: O
pretectal: O
nucleus,: O
spiriformis: O
lateralis: O
(SpL).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Dendritic: O
field: O
size: O
increased: O
with: O
increasing: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
eccentricity: O
from: O
150-200: O
microns: O
diameter: O
at: O
0.5: O
mm: O
from: O
the: O
area: O
centralis: O
to: O
600-800: O
microns: O
diameter: O
in: O
the: O
far: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
periphery.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Superior: O
colliculus: O
projections: O
to: O
midline: O
and: O
intralaminar: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
development: O
of: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
and: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
in: O
goldfish: O
was: O
studied: O
using: O
light: O
and: O
electron: O
microscopy.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projections: O
to: O
dorsalis: O
intermedius: O
ventralis: O
anterior(DIVA): O
,: O
rDLP,: O
dorsolateralis: O
anterior(DLA): O
,: O
DLM,: B-Individual_protein
cDLP,: O
and: O
spiriform: O
medialis(SpM): O
arise: O
from: O
all: O
rostrocaudal: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
and: O
external: O
cuneate: O
nuclei(DCN/CuE): O
complex;: O
those: O
to: O
intercollicular: O
nucleus(ICo): O
arise: O
from: O
caudomedial: O
nuclear: O
regions,: O
while: O
those: O
to: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
ventral: O
thalamus: O
arise: O
from: O
rostrolateral: O
nuclear: O
regions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Second,: O
the: O
patterns: O
are: O
similar: O
within: O
both: O
the: O
ventrobasal: O
complex: O
and: O
layer: O
IV: O
of: O
somatosensory: O
cortex: O
for: O
removal: O
at: O
a: O
given: O
age: O
in: O
a: O
particular: O
animal.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
focused: O
our: O
study: O
on: O
the: O
superficial: O
gray: O
layer,: O
the: O
intermediate: O
layer,: O
and: O
the: O
deep: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus,: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
matter: O
(PAGM),: O
and: O
the: O
medial: O
intercollicular: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Two: O
months: O
after: O
hemisection: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
at: O
the: O
T8: O
segment,: O
there: O
was: O
an: O
ipsilateral: O
30%: O
loss: O
of: O
neurons: O
at: O
the: O
L1: O
segment: O
in: O
adult: O
operates: O
and: O
a: O
40%: O
loss: O
in: O
neonates.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
in: O
Amia: O
most: O
neuronal: O
perikarya: O
are: O
contained: O
within: O
a: O
diffuse: O
periventricular: O
gray,: O
40: O
cell: O
masses: O
could: O
be: O
delineated:: O
Eight: O
of: O
these: O
are: O
primary: O
efferent: O
or: O
motor: O
nuclei,: O
10: O
are: O
primary: O
afferent: O
or: O
sensory: O
centers,: O
seven: O
are: O
considered: O
to: O
be: O
components: O
of: O
the: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
and: O
the: O
remaining: O
15: O
may: O
be: O
interpreted: O
as: O
"relay": O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
most: O
obvious: O
incongruity: O
is: O
that: O
the: O
area: O
intermediodorsalis: O
contains,: O
in: O
addition: O
to: O
the: O
viscerosensory: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract,: O
several: O
general: O
somatosensory: O
and: O
special: O
somatosensory: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

All: O
neuropil: O
areas: O
except: O
the: O
mushroom: O
bodies: O
and: O
central: O
complex: O
show: O
intense: O
immunostaining.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Anatomical: O
techniques: O
have: O
been: O
used: O
to: O
map: O
within: O
visual: O
cortex: O
th: O
pattern: O
of: O
degenerating: O
axonal: O
terminals: O
produced: O
by: O
surgical: O
section: O
of: O
the: O
splenium: O
of: O
the: O
corpus: O
callosum: O
in: O
the: O
owl: O
monkey,: O
Aotus: O
trivirgatus,: O
and: O
the: O
bushbaby,: O
Galago: O
senegalensis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thymidine-radiographic: O
study: O
of: O
the: O
time: O
of: O
origin: O
of: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
upper: O
medulla,: O
excluding: O
the: O
vestibular: O
and: O
auditory: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
radiographs: O
from: O
adult: O
progeny: O
of: O
these: O
rats: O
the: O
proportion: O
of: O
neurons: O
generated: O
on: O
specific: O
days: O
was: O
determined: O
in: O
the: O
major: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
upper: O
medulla,: O
with: O
the: O
exception: O
of: O
the: O
vestibular: O
and: O
auditory: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
latest: O
generated: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
upper: O
medulla: O
(excluding: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nuclei): O
belong: O
to: O
a: O
structure: O
identified: O
as: O
the: O
granular: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
raphe.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
origin: O
of: O
Corticotropin-releasing: O
factor(CRF): O
-immunoreactive: O
mossy: O
fiber: O
terminals: O
was: O
suggested: O
by: O
numerous: O
Corticotropin-releasing: O
factor(CRF): O
-immunoreactive: O
perikarya: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
medial,: O
lateral: O
and: O
descending: O
vestibular: O
nuclei,: O
nucleus: O
prepositus: O
hypoglossi,: O
nucleus: O
x,: O
paramedian: O
reticular: O
nucleus,: O
gigantocellular: O
reticular: O
nucleus,: O
lateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
raphé: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Vagal: O
efferents: O
formed: O
a: O
single: O
column: O
of: O
cells: O
in: O
a: O
ventrolateral: O
position: O
from: O
the: O
level: O
of: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
exist: O
of: O
the: O
vagus: O
nerve: O
(approximately: O
2,000: O
micrometers: O
above: O
the: O
obex): O
to: O
200: O
micrometers: O
below: O
the: O
obex: O
(values: O
given: O
are: O
for: O
an: O
80-g: O
frog).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
examined: O
the: O
cellular: O
and: O
subcellular: O
localization: O
of: O
Kv1.3: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body: O
(MNTB): O
in: O
the: O
auditory: O
brainstem,: O
a: O
nucleus: O
in: O
which: O
neurons: O
fire: O
at: O
high: O
rates: O
with: O
high: O
temporal: O
precision.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Phaseolus: O
vulgaris-leucoagglutinin(PHA-L): O
injections: O
into: O
the: O
caudal: O
basolateral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala(BLA): O
produced: O
fiber: O
labeling: O
in: O
the: O
most: O
rostromedial: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
caudate-putamen: O
facing: O
the: O
lateral: O
ventricle,: O
the: O
medial: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens,: O
and: O
the: O
lateral: O
septum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Compartmental: O
segregation: O
was: O
less: O
clear: O
in: O
the: O
caudodorsolateral: O
caudate-putamen: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Further: O
characterization: O
of: O
the: O
auditory: O
phenotype: O
of: O
young: O
adult: O
Ly5.1: O
mice: O
in: O
the: O
present: O
study: O
revealed: O
several: O
unusual: O
characteristics,: O
including: O
1): O
large: O
aggregates: O
of: O
unmyelinated: O
spiral: O
ganglion: O
neurons(SGNs): O
in: O
the: O
apical: O
and: O
middle: O
turns,: O
2): O
symmetrical: O
junction-like: O
contacts: O
between: O
the: O
unmyelinated: O
neurons,: O
3): O
abnormal: O
expression: O
patterns: O
for: O
CNPase: O
and: O
connexin: O
29: O
in: O
the: O
SGN: O
clusters,: O
4): O
reduced: O
SGN: O
density: O
in: O
the: O
basal: O
cochlea: O
without: O
a: O
corresponding: O
loss: O
of: O
sensory: O
hair: O
cells,: O
5): O
significantly: O
delayed: O
auditory: O
brainstem: O
response: O
(ABR): O
wave: O
I: O
latencies: O
at: O
low: O
and: O
middle: O
frequencies: O
compared: O
with: O
control: O
mice: O
with: O
similar: O
auditory: O
brainstem: O
response(ABR): O
threshold,: O
and: O
6): O
elevated: O
auditory: O
brainstem: O
response(ABR): O
thresholds: O
and: O
deceased: O
wave: O
I: O
amplitudes: O
at: O
high: O
frequencies.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
main: O
axons: O
sent: O
collaterals: O
within: O
the: O
substantia: O
gelatinosa(SG): O
and: O
rostrally,: O
caudally,: O
or: O
medially: O
to: O
laminae: O
I: O
and: O
III: O
of: O
the: O
MDH,: O
interpolar: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
nucleus,: O
spinal: O
tract: O
of: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
nerve,: O
or: O
upper: O
cervical: O
cord: O
segments.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
interneurons: O
were: O
stained: O
in: O
all: O
the: O
subfields: O
of: O
the: O
CA1-CA4: O
regions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
many: O
positive: O
cells: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
periventricular,: O
reticular,: O
lateral: O
habenula,: O
and: O
reunions: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Functional: O
organization: O
of: O
tactile: O
inputs: O
from: O
the: O
hand: O
in: O
the: O
cuneate: O
nucleus: O
and: O
its: O
relationship: O
to: O
organization: O
in: O
the: O
somatosensory: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ulnar: O
nerve: O
projections: O
were: O
less: O
extensive: O
but: O
also: O
included: O
the: O
internal: O
basilar: O
nucleus: O
from: O
C1-C6,: O
the: O
medial: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
from: O
C4-T1,: B-Individual_protein
Clarke's: O
nucleus: O
from: O
T1-T6,: O
the: O
external: O
cuneate: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
medial: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
cuneate: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Efferent: O
projections: O
of: O
the: O
neonatal: O
cat: O
superior: O
colliculus:: O
facial: O
and: O
cerebellum-related: O
brainstem: O
structures.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
mammals,: O
the: O
corpus: O
striatum: O
receives: O
prominent: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
neocortex: B-Individual_protein
and: O
from: O
the: O
intralaminar: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
thalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projections: O
are: O
bilateral: O
and: O
massive: O
to: O
all: O
pallial: O
areas: O
and: O
the: O
septum,: B-Individual_protein
moderate: O
to: O
the: O
striatum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
relatively: O
weak: O
to: O
the: O
preoptic: O
and: O
infundibular: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
reaching: O
caudally: O
to: O
the: O
diencephalic-mesencephalic: O
boundary.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

All: O
the: O
stained: O
mitrall: O
cells: O
projected: O
to: O
both: O
the: O
anterior: O
olfactory: O
nucleus(AON): O
and: O
the: O
anterior: O
piriform: O
cortex(aPC): O
,: O
and: O
about: O
one-fourth: O
of: O
the: O
mitral: O
cells: O
projected: O
to: O
the: O
olfactory: O
tubercle(OT): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
the: O
surface: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
olfactory: O
nucleus(AON): O
and: O
the: O
anterior: O
piriform: O
cortex(aPC): O
,: O
the: O
main: O
axon: O
running: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
olfactory: O
tract: O
(L: O
olfactory: O
tubercle(OT): O
): O
gave: O
off: O
several: O
thin: O
collaterals: O
at: O
various: O
intervals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
understand: O
the: O
organization: O
of: O
inhibitory: O
circuitries: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
parvalbumin,: O
calretinin,: O
and: O
calbindin: O
immunoreactivity: O
was: O
investigated: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
amygdaloid: O
complex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Dorsal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus: O
in: O
the: O
rat:: O
concentric: O
organization: O
and: O
tonotopic: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
cells: O
originate: O
in: O
the: O
ganglionic: O
eminences: O
(GE): O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
telencephalon: O
and: O
undergo: O
tangential: O
migration: O
to: O
enter: O
the: O
cortex.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ultrastructure: O
of: O
the: O
limbic: O
cortical: O
axon: O
terminals: O
was: O
similar: O
to: O
that: O
of: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
boutons: O
(D-type): O
described: O
previously.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Similar: O
injections: O
of: O
the: O
"nonspecific": O
tracer: O
HRP: O
into: O
the: O
anterior: O
piriform: O
cortex: O
labeled: O
most: O
of: O
the: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
mitral: O
cell: O
layer: O
of: O
both: O
the: O
main: O
and: O
accessory: O
olfactory: O
bulbs,: O
and: O
some: O
tufted: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
external: O
plexiform: O
layer.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
neostriatum,: B-Individual_protein
amygdaloid: O
complex,: O
and: O
most: O
hypothalamic: O
areas: O
express: O
lamp: O
mRNAs: O
from: O
early: O
stages: O
(E13-E14): O
in: O
a: O
pattern: O
consistent: O
with: O
the: O
onset: O
of: O
neurogenesis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
short,: O
the: O
lamp: O
transcript: O
is: O
expressed: O
heavily: O
in: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
diencephalon: B-Individual_protein
that: O
have: O
been: O
classically: O
considered: O
limbic: O
and: O
sparsely: O
or: O
moderately: O
in: O
nonlimbic: O
midbrain: O
and: O
hindbrain: O
regions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Moderate: O
projections: O
were: O
found: O
to: O
originate: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
region: O
of: O
area: O
V4: O
in: O
the: O
lunate: O
sulcus,: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
caudal: O
parietal: O
lobe,: O
the: O
posterior: O
bank: O
of: O
caudal: O
superior: O
temporal: O
sulcus,: O
and: O
area: O
OPT: O
located: O
at: O
the: O
tip: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal: O
sulcus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
is: O
suggested: O
here: O
that: O
there: O
is: O
an: O
additional: O
ventral: O
pathway: O
into: O
area: O
TE: O
as: O
well,: O
which: O
includes: O
projections: O
through: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
prestriate: O
cortex,: O
occipitotemporal: O
sulcus,: O
and: O
parahippocampal: O
gyrus,: O
ultimately: O
reaching: O
the: O
anterior: O
inferior: O
temporal: O
gyrus,: O
an: O
area: O
that: O
may: O
be: O
specialized: O
to: O
hold: O
visual: O
information: O
over: O
brief: O
periods: O
of: O
time.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
show: O
that: O
the: O
target: O
of: O
the: O
anteroventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
(AVCN): O
is: O
the: O
ventral: O
and: O
lateral: O
two: O
thirds: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
injections: O
limited: O
to: O
NCE,: O
labeling: O
is: O
found: O
in: O
all: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
lobe: O
and: O
lobule: O
VI,: O
in: O
vermal: O
lobules: O
VII,: O
VIII,: O
and: O
IX,: O
and: O
in: O
medial: O
regions: O
of: O
central: O
folia: O
of: O
the: O
paramedian: O
lobule.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Hypothalamic: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
neurons: O
regulate: O
medullary: O
catecholamine: O
cell: O
responses: O
to: O
restraint: O
stress.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
sequence: O
of: O
dendritic: O
maturation: O
of: O
transplanted: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
is: O
similar: O
to: O
that: O
seen: O
in: O
intact: O
cortex,: B-Individual_protein
although: O
the: O
stage: O
reached: O
related: O
more: O
to: O
the: O
actual: O
age: O
of: O
the: O
transplant: O
than: O
to: O
that: O
of: O
the: O
host.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Monoclonal: O
antibodies: O
against: O
two: O
alpha-bungarotoxin-binding: O
subunits: O
(alpha: O
7: O
and: O
alpha: O
8): O
of: O
the: O
nicotinic: O
acetylcholine: O
receptors: O
(nAChRs): O
were: O
used: O
as: O
immunohistochemical: O
probes: O
to: O
map: O
their: O
distribution: O
in: O
the: O
chick: O
diencephalon: B-Individual_protein
and: O
mesencephalon.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
Fluoro-Gold: O
injections: O
into: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCN): O
,: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
are: O
present: O
in: O
a: O
number: O
of: O
brain: O
areas,: O
including: O
the: O
infralimbic: O
cortex,: O
the: O
lateral: O
septum,: O
the: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
area,: O
the: O
subfornical: O
organ,: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
thalamus,: O
the: O
subparaventricular: O
zone,: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
hypothalamic: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
posterior: O
hypothalamic: O
area,: O
the: O
intergeniculate: O
leaflet,: O
the: O
olivary: O
pretectal: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
ventral: O
subiculum,: O
and: O
the: O
median: O
raphe: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
more: O
densely: O
innervated: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
and: O
lateral: O
nuclear: O
groups,: O
nucleus: O
lateralis: O
dorsalis: O
and: O
nucleus: O
anterior: O
ventralis,: O
also: O
contained: O
a: O
greater: O
number: O
of: O
labeled: O
fibers: O
than: O
had: O
been: O
indicated.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Positive: O
terminal: O
fields: O
are: O
organized: O
in: O
the: O
same: O
thalamic: O
areas: O
but: O
most: O
conspicuously: O
in: O
the: O
visual: O
recipient: O
plexus: O
of: O
Bellonci,: O
corpus: O
geniculatum: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
superficial: O
ventral: O
thalamic: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

B4-CAM: O
expression: O
paralleled: O
process: O
outgrowth: O
and: O
the: O
early: O
stages: O
of: O
synaptogenesis: O
in: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex,: O
hippocampal: O
formation,: O
and: O
cerebellum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

An: O
initial: O
study: O
investigated: O
the: O
ontogeny: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
innervation: O
of: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nuclei: O
(SCN): O
by: O
using: O
cholera: O
toxin: O
B: O
subunit: O
as: O
a: O
tracer.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Overall,: O
the: O
results: O
suggest: O
that: O
the: O
precomissural: O
nucleus(PRC): O
might: O
be: O
viewed: O
as: O
a: O
rostral: O
component: O
of: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray(PAG): O
,: O
and: O
the: O
possible: O
functional: O
significance: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
is: O
discussed: O
in: O
terms: O
of: O
its: O
connections.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
zebrafish: O
cerebellar: O
upper: O
rhombic: O
lip: O
generates: O
tegmental: O
hindbrain: O
nuclei: O
by: O
long-distance: O
migration: O
in: O
an: O
evolutionary: O
conserved: O
manner.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lateral: O
ventral: O
striatum: O
receives: O
input: O
primarily: O
from: O
areas: O
24b,: O
24b': O
and: O
23b: O
and: O
medial: O
portion: O
of: O
area: O
24c.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
striatum,: O
the: O
dorsal: O
sensorimotor: O
striatum: O
receives: O
projections: O
from: O
areas: O
24c,: O
24c': O
23c: O
and: O
31.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
high: O
morphological: O
diversity: O
suggests: O
that: O
the: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
is: O
much: O
more: O
physiologically: O
complex: O
than: O
the: O
extracortical: B-Individual_protein
efferents: O
of: O
the: O
visual: O
cortex,: O
resembling: O
other: O
cortico-cortical: O
connections.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
parent: O
axon: O
ascends: O
vertically: O
and: O
just: O
below: O
the: O
stratum: O
opticum: O
turns: O
rostrad: O
to: O
follow: O
the: O
optic: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
diencephalon.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
modification: O
of: O
the: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
pulvinar: B-Individual_protein
that: O
occurs: O
after: O
ablation: O
of: O
visual: O
cortex: O
in: O
the: O
newborn: O
cat: O
may: O
contribute: O
to: O
the: O
sparing: O
of: O
visual: O
abilities: O
seen: O
after: O
these: O
lesions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
contained: O
mainly: O
"primarylike,": O
"chopper": O
and: O
"onset": O
units,: O
but: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
contained: O
a: O
greater: O
variety: O
of: O
response: O
patterns.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

G24: O
received: O
significant: O
input: O
from: O
amacrine: O
cell: O
profiles: O
with: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
(13%: O
of: O
total): O
as: O
well: O
as: O
glycine: O
(11%: O
of: O
total): O
immunoreactivity,: O
mostly: O
in: O
the: O
proximal: O
stratum: O
S5: O
of: O
the: O
inner: O
plexiform: O
layer(IPL): O
(64%: O
and: O
67%: O
of: O
the: O
total: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
-: O
and: O
glycine-immunoreactive: O
input,: O
respectively).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Percutaneous: O
electrical: O
stimulation: O
generated: O
climbing: O
fibre: O
field: O
potentials: O
on: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
surface: O
that: O
indicated: O
a: O
somatotopical: O
organisation: O
into: O
five: O
distinct: O
cortical: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Multiple: O
hypothalamic: O
nuclei,: O
including: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
and: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
hypothalamic: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
posterior: O
arcuate: O
nucleus,: O
express: O
high: O
levels: O
of: O
Neuropeptide: O
S(NPS): O
R: O
mRNA,: O
indicating: O
that: O
Neuropeptide: O
S(NPS): O
may: O
regulate: O
energy: O
homeostasis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neonatal: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
and: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
lesions: O
produced: O
no: O
qualitative: O
change: O
in: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
primary: O
afferent: O
terminals: O
in: O
either: O
PrV: O
or: O
V: O
subnucleus: O
interpolaris: O
(SpI): O
beyond: O
that: O
which: O
could: O
be: O
attributed: O
to: O
shrinkage: O
of: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
resulting: O
from: O
retrograde: O
degeneration.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
present: O
study: O
we: O
employed: O
light: O
microscopic: O
immunocytochemical: O
techniques: O
in: O
order: O
to: O
investigate: O
the: O
temporal: O
response: O
of: O
choline: O
acetyltransferase: O
(ChAT): O
and: O
nerve: O
growth: O
factor: O
receptor: O
(NGFr): O
within: O
hypoglossal: B-Individual_protein
motoneurons: O
following: O
unilateral: O
transection: O
or: O
crushing: O
of: O
the: O
XII: O
nerve: O
or: O
after: O
intraneural: O
injections: O
of: O
ricin: O
into: O
the: O
nerve.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
dorsal: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
pars: O
mediana: O
of: O
the: O
MM: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
interanteromedial: O
nucleus: O
(IAM),: O
whereas: O
the: O
ventral: O
region: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
rostral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
anteromedial: O
nucleus: O
(AM).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
opiate: O
receptors: O
are: O
sparse: O
in: O
the: O
fetal: O
and: O
infant: O
substantia: O
nigra,: O
as: O
in: O
reports: O
of: O
the: O
adult: O
human: O
substantia: O
nigra,: O
compared: O
to: O
moderate: O
densities: O
reported: O
in: O
primates: O
and: O
rodents.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
rabbit: O
and: O
cat,: O
maximum: O
catecholamine(CA): O
nerve: O
terminals: O
were: O
detected: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
accessory: O
nucleus,: O
while: O
in: O
the: O
monkey,: O
they: O
were: O
detected: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
accessory: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ventrolateral: O
group: O
is: O
a: O
rostrocaudally: O
directed: O
column: O
of: O
cells: O
that: O
surround: O
the: O
superior: O
olive: O
(SO),: O
are: O
ventromedial: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
facial: O
nucleus: O
(VIIv),: O
and: O
are: O
lateral: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
pontis: O
lateralis: O
(PL): B-Individual_protein
as: O
far: O
rostrally: O
as: O
the: O
nucleus: O
subceruleus: O
ventralis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Whilst: O
there: O
was: O
a: O
degree: O
of: O
heterogeneity: O
in: O
the: O
binding: O
levels: O
of: O
each: O
of: O
the: O
ligands,: O
some: O
notable: O
similarities: O
existed: O
in: O
the: O
binding: O
of: O
the: O
mu: O
and: O
kappa: O
ligands: O
in: O
several: O
forebrain: O
regions,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
optic: O
tectum: O
of: O
the: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
where: O
mu: O
and: O
delta: O
binding: O
was: O
very: O
high.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
gain: O
insight: O
into: O
the: O
neurological: O
dysfunction: O
in: O
mucopolysaccharidoses(MPS): O
,: O
we: O
examined: O
the: O
morphology: O
of: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
epithelia: O
(OE): O
and: O
physiology: O
of: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
receptor: O
neurons: O
(ORNs): O
in: O
cat: O
models: O
of: O
mucopolysaccharidoses(MPS): O
I,: O
a: O
type: O
in: O
which: O
neuronal: O
lesions: O
are: O
prominent,: O
and: O
mucopolysaccharidoses(MPS): O
VI,: O
in: O
which: O
they: O
are: O
essentially: O
absent.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
the: O
pretectum: B-Individual_protein
projects: O
to: O
a: O
specific: O
focus: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
pulvinar: O
that: O
also: O
has: O
a: O
very: O
dense: O
acetylcholinesterase(AChE): O
histochemical: O
reaction.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Previous: O
studies: O
have: O
shown: O
that: O
both: O
the: O
midbrain: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
(PAG): O
and: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
receive: O
a: O
significant: O
serotoninergic: O
(5-HT): O
innervation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
data: O
also: O
indicate: O
that: O
approximately: O
35%: O
of: O
raphe: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
provide: O
nonserotoninergic: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray(PAG): O
and: O
superior: O
colliculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
these: O
studies: O
reveal: O
that: O
cell: O
bodies: O
of: O
the: O
acoustic-nerve: O
nucleus: O
are: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
auditory: O
nerve,: O
central: O
to: O
the: O
glial: O
dome.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Labeling: O
was: O
seen: O
in: O
both: O
the: O
contralateral: O
and: O
ipsilateral: O
diencephalon: O
and: O
tectum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
cortex(EC): O
-: O
subiculum(SUB): B-Individual_protein
projection: O
system: O
could: O
be: O
substantiated: O
by: O
the: O
use: O
of: O
injections: O
anterogradely: O
transported: O
radioactively: O
labeled: O
amino: O
acids: O
in: O
entorhinal: O
cortex(EC): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Problems: O
related: O
to: O
regeneration: O
in: O
the: O
embryonic: O
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
to: O
the: O
factors: O
determining: O
the: O
subnormal: O
size: O
of: O
the: O
adult: O
cerebellum: B-Individual_protein
are: O
discussed.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
only: O
choline: O
acetyltransferase-immunoreactive: O
cell: O
bodies: O
in: O
the: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
were: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
habenula.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
highest: O
densities: O
of: O
stained: O
varicosities: O
were: O
in: O
the: O
anteroventral,: O
reticular,: O
lateral: O
mediodorsal,: O
and: O
intralaminar: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
cortex,: O
the: O
prepositus: O
projected: O
to: O
restricted: O
regions: O
of: O
crura: O
I: O
and: O
II: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
the: O
caudal: O
vermis: O
and: O
vestibulocerebellum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
from: O
auditory: O
cortex: O
to: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
in: O
rats:: O
synapses: O
on: O
granule: O
cell: O
dendrites.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Previous: O
work: O
has: O
demonstrated: O
that: O
layer: O
V: O
pyramidal: O
cells: O
of: O
primary: O
auditory: O
cortex: O
project: O
directly: O
to: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Recently,: O
a: O
direct: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
to: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
was: O
demonstrated: O
in: O
rats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Multiple: O
or: O
single: O
discrete: O
injections: O
of: O
wheatgerm: O
agglutinin-horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
into: O
several: O
rostrocaudal: O
levels: O
of: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
a: O
substantial: O
population: O
of: O
neurons,: O
predominantly: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
subhabenular: O
zone: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
subpallial: B-Individual_protein
telencephalon: B-Individual_protein
and: O
to: O
the: O
tegmentum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Subnucleus: O
oralis: O
contained: O
a: O
small: O
number: O
of: O
induced: O
neurons: O
localized: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
dorsomedial: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
subnucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

One: O
group: O
of: O
fibers: O
leaves: O
the: O
rostral: O
thalamus: O
by: O
the: O
fornix,: O
pierces: O
the: O
corpus: O
callosum,: O
joins: O
the: O
cingulate: O
fasciculus: O
to: O
reach: O
limbic: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Overall: O
cerebellar: O
size,: O
foliation,: O
and: O
thickness: O
of: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
layers: O
were: O
quantified: O
and: O
Purkinje: O
cell: O
morphology: O
was: O
characterized: O
at: O
24: O
timepoints: O
in: O
ferrets: O
from: O
postnatal: O
day: O
(P)1: O
to: O
P63.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
efferent: O
projections: O
of: O
the: O
pedunculopontine: O
nucleus: O
(PPN): O
to: O
the: O
basal: O
ganglia: O
have: O
been: O
studied: O
in: O
the: O
squirrel: O
monkey: O
(Saimiri: O
sciureus): O
with: O
[3H]leucine: O
and: O
Phaseolus: O
vulgaris-leucoagglutinin: O
(PHA-L): O
as: O
anterograde: O
tracers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
rostral: O
mesencephalic: O
levels,: O
this: O
bundle: O
splits: O
into: O
ventromedial: O
and: O
dorsolateral: O
fascicles: O
that: O
arborize: O
in: O
basal: O
ganglia: O
and: O
thalamic: O
nuclei,: O
respectively.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
efferent: O
fibers: O
terminate: O
contralaterally: O
in: O
both: O
divisions: O
of: O
the: O
red: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
bilaterally: O
in: O
the: O
interstitial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Cajal,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Darkschewitsch,: O
the: O
oculomotor: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
central: O
gray.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
appears: O
that: O
the: O
anterior: O
dorsal: O
nucleus: O
receives: O
afferents: O
only: O
from: O
the: O
dysgranular: O
retrosplenial: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cytogenetic: O
gradients: O
could: O
not: O
be: O
related: O
to: O
tonotopic: O
representation;: O
however,: O
they: O
could: O
be: O
related: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
location: O
of: O
ipsilateral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
input: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
superior: O
olivary: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
medial: O
location: O
of: O
the: O
contralateral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
input: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
trapezoid: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
mesopontine: O
rostromedial: O
tegmental: O
nucleus:: O
A: O
structure: O
targeted: O
by: O
the: O
lateral: O
habenula: O
that: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area: O
of: O
Tsai: O
and: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
compacta.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Interestingly,: O
P: O
somatostatin-14(SS1): O
and: O
PSS2: O
mRNAs: O
are: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
suggesting: O
that,: O
in: O
sturgeon,: O
both: O
somatostatin-14(SS1): O
and: O
SS2: O
may: O
play: O
hypophysiotropic: O
functions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
sends: O
efferents: O
to: O
the: O
hypothalamic: B-Individual_protein
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus,: O
which: O
is: O
involved: O
in: O
generation: O
and: O
entrainment: O
of: O
several: O
circadian: O
rhythms.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Most: O
of: O
the: O
labeled: O
fibers: O
extended: O
ventrally: O
to: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
with: O
other: O
fibers: O
extending: O
throughout: O
the: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

MGM: O
is: O
linked: O
with: O
paralaminar: O
nuclei: O
that: O
are: O
situated: O
medial: O
and: O
ventral: O
to: O
MGV/MGD.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
inferior: O
parietal: O
lobule: O
(IPL): O
of: O
the: O
macaque: O
monkey: O
constitutes: O
the: O
largest: O
part: O
of: O
Brodmann's: O
area: O
7.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
to: O
the: O
amygdala: O
has: O
been: O
demonstrated: O
to: O
originate: O
in: O
the: O
subiculum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
adjacent: O
portion: O
of: O
field: O
CA1: O
of: O
the: O
Ammon's: O
horn: O
(Sub/CA1): O
in: O
the: O
rat;: O
however,: O
the: O
topographical: O
organization: O
of: O
this: O
pathway: O
is: O
still: O
understudied.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
spinal: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
receives: O
a: O
dense: O
innervation: O
of: O
noradrenaline-containing: O
fibers: O
that: O
originate: O
from: O
pontine: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
A5,: B-Individual_protein
locus: O
coeruleus: O
(LC),: O
and: O
A7: O
cell: O
groups.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
each: O
primary: O
axon,: O
about: O
one-third: O
of: O
the: O
total: O
terminal: O
boutons: O
were: O
distributed: O
in: O
each: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
vestibular: O
nucleus(SVN): O
,: O
the: O
medial: O
vestibular: O
nucleus(MVN): O
,: O
and: O
the: O
inferior: O
vestibular: O
nucleus(IVN): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Motor: O
neurons: O
for: O
the: O
dilator: O
operculi: O
and: O
levator: O
hyomandibulae: O
muscles: O
are: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
caudal: O
subnucleus;: O
the: O
medial: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
caudal: O
subnucleus: O
contains: O
only: O
dilator: O
operculi: O
motor: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
present: O
a: O
correlative: O
fate: O
map: O
of: O
the: O
nonsegmented: O
caudal: O
hindbrain: O
down: O
to: O
the: O
medullospinal: O
boundary: O
(medulla: O
oblongata),: O
as: O
a: O
companion: O
to: O
a: O
previous: O
fate: O
mapping: O
study: O
of: O
the: O
hindbrain: O
rhombomeres: O
r2-r6: O
in: O
quail: O
chick: O
chimeras: O
at: O
stages: O
HH10/11: O
[Marín: O
and: O
Puelles: O
(1995): O
Eur: O
J: O
Neurosci: O
7:1714-1738].: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Third,: O
extracellular: O
pressure: O
injection: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
into: O
H: O
field: O
of: O
Forel(H: O
FF): O
yielded: O
retrogradely: O
labelled: O
pontine: O
PN: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Fewer: O
choline: O
acetyltransferase(ChAT): O
-positive: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
vestibular: O
nucleus(MVN): O
and: O
some: O
choline: O
acetyltransferase(ChAT): O
-positive: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
prepositus: O
hypoglossus(NPH): O
are: O
double-labeled: O
following: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
injections: O
into: O
the: O
flocculus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Other: O
regions: O
showing: O
substantial: O
[14C]2-deoxyglucose(2-DG): O
uptake: O
included: O
a: O
large: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
thalamus,: O
for: O
all: O
stimulus: O
conditions: O
tested,: O
including: O
those: O
cell: O
groups: O
associated: O
with: O
the: O
retinorecipient: O
neuropil,: O
corpus: O
geniculatum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Corticocortical: O
connections: O
of: O
area: O
F3: O
(SMA-proper): O
and: O
area: O
F6: O
(pre-SMA): O
in: O
the: O
macaque: O
monkey.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast,: O
the: O
deep: O
layers: O
(layers: O
V: O
and: O
VI): O
of: O
the: O
presubiculum: B-Individual_protein
gave: O
rise: O
to: O
ipsilateral: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Using: O
two-dimensional: O
unfolded: O
maps: O
of: O
parahippocampal: O
cortices,: O
we: O
elucidated: O
the: O
distinct: O
topographical: O
relationship: O
in: O
the: O
presubiculo-entorhinal: O
projection:: O
1): O
The: O
septotemporal: O
or: O
longitudinal: O
axis: O
of: O
the: O
presubiculum: O
corresponded: O
to: O
the: O
axis: O
on: O
the: O
medial: O
entorhinal: O
area(MEA): O
/: O
lateral: O
entorhinal: O
area(LEA): O
boundary,: O
where: O
the: O
septal: O
presubiculum: B-Individual_protein
projected: O
toward: O
the: O
rhinal: O
fissure: O
and: O
the: O
temporal: O
presubiculum: B-Individual_protein
projected: O
away: O
from: O
the: O
fissure.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
middle: O
third: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
maintains: O
an: O
afferent: O
connection: O
with: O
contralateral: O
lateral: O
geniculate,: O
ventrolateral: O
optic,: O
and: O
central: O
thalamic: O
nucleus,: O
with: O
the: O
ventral: O
mesencephalic: O
tegmentum: O
and: O
periventricular: O
gray: O
bilaterally,: O
and: O
with: O
a: O
group: O
of: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
superior: O
raphé: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
brain,: O
beta-gal: O
staining: O
was: O
present: O
in: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid: O
(GABA)ergic: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei,: O
in: O
non-GABAergic: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
olive,: O
in: O
mitral: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
and: O
in: O
parvalbumin-positive: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
three: O
receptors: O
were: O
present: O
in: O
all: O
neuronal: O
populations: O
investigated,: O
including: O
abducens: O
motoneurons: O
and: O
internuclear: O
neurons,: O
medial: O
rectus: O
motoneurons: O
of: O
the: O
oculomotor: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
trochlear: O
motoneurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Some: O
visual: O
cortical: O
axons: O
extended: O
transiently: O
beyond: O
their: O
permanent: O
targets: O
in: O
the: O
pontine: O
nuclei,: O
by: O
growing: O
through: O
the: O
pyramidal: O
decussation: O
and: O
in: O
some: O
cases: O
extending: O
as: O
far: O
caudally: O
as: O
the: O
lumbar: O
enlargement.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Choline: O
acetyltransferase-positive: O
cells: O
of: O
Area: O
X: O
do: O
not: O
retrogradely: O
label: O
from: O
dorsolateral: O
thalamus(DLM): O
and: O
are: O
probably: O
cholinergic: O
interneurons: O
similar: O
to: O
those: O
in: O
mammals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
presence: O
of: O
acetylcholinesterase: O
in: O
the: O
deep: O
stratum: O
of: O
the: O
molecular: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
flocculus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
ventral: O
paraflocculus: O
distinguishes: O
them: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
paraflocculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
the: O
medial: O
terminal: O
nucleus(MTN): O
d: O
has: O
comparable: O
afferent: O
and: O
efferent: O
connections: O
with: O
retina,: B-Individual_protein
pretectum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
vestibular: O
nuclei: O
in: O
all: O
species: O
thus: O
far: O
studied.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Moderate: O
numbers: O
of: O
ppANP: O
mRNA-positive: O
cells: O
were: O
present: O
in: O
a: O
number: O
of: O
amygdaloid: O
nuclei,: O
including: O
the: O
posterolateral: O
and: O
anterior: O
cortical: O
nuclei,: O
in: O
the: O
zona: O
incerta,: O
and: O
the: O
pedunculopontine: O
tegmental: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
present: O
experiments: O
HRP: O
was: O
restricted: O
to: O
individual: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
body: O
with: O
the: O
following: O
results:: O
After: O
injections: O
of: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
layers,: O
layers: O
1: O
and: O
2,: O
labeled: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cells: O
ranged: O
in: O
size: O
from: O
8: O
to: O
20: O
micrometers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Recently,: O
we: O
observed: O
substantial: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
amygdalostriatal: O
transition: O
area,: O
which: O
is: O
located: O
dorsal: O
to: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Small: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
olive: O
connect: O
with: O
narrow: O
longitudinal: O
zones: O
in: O
the: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
through: O
compartments: O
in: O
the: O
white: O
matter.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Caudal: O
dorsal: O
accessory: O
olive: O
projects: O
to: O
lateral: O
vermal: O
zone: O
B: O
in: O
lobules: O
I-VI,: O
Deiters': O
nucleus: O
and: O
dorsomedial: O
subnucleus: O
of: O
interposed: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
study: O
demonstrates: O
that: O
a: O
major: O
topographically: O
organized: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IPN): O
originates: O
from: O
two: O
distinct: O
subpopulations: O
of: O
habenular: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
which: O
comprise: O
a: O
dorsal: O
sector: O
and: O
a: O
ventral: O
sector: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
habenula(mH): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Concurrent: O
investigations: O
were: O
designed: O
to: O
assess: O
the: O
pattern: O
discrimination: O
abilities: O
of: O
rats: O
prepared: O
with: O
striate: O
cortical: O
ablations,: O
lesions: O
in: O
Nucleus: O
lateralis: O
posterior(NLP): O
and: O
combined: O
striate-cortical: O
and: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
ablations.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Another: O
pathway: O
ran: O
dorsomedially: O
along: O
the: O
periventricular: O
hypothalamus: O
and: O
sent: O
fibers: O
to: O
all: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
diencephalon.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Part: O
of: O
these: O
fibers: O
followed: O
the: O
central: O
gray: O
to: O
the: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
spread: O
laterally: O
below: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

suggests: O
that: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
astrocytes: O
may: O
be: O
type-1: O
astrocytes: O
generated: O
in: O
the: O
optic: O
nerve.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Significant: O
differences: O
were: O
found: O
between: O
nerves: O
in: O
relation: O
to: O
their: O
large: O
fibres:: O
Those: O
of: O
the: O
abducent: O
nerve: O
had: O
significantly: O
thicker: O
sheaths,: O
those: O
of: O
the: O
oculomotor: O
nerve: O
had: O
significantly: O
smaller: O
axon: O
perimeters,: O
and: O
the: O
myelin: O
sheath-axon: O
perimeter: O
relationship: O
of: O
the: O
abducent: O
nerve: O
differed: O
significantly: O
from: O
that: O
of: O
the: O
other: O
two.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Examination: O
of: O
short-survival: O
radiograms: O
indicated: O
that: O
the: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
LGD: O
originate: O
in: O
a: O
discrete: O
neuroepithelial: O
eversion: O
situated: O
ventral: O
to: O
the: O
pineal: O
rudiment: O
and: O
dorsal: O
to: O
the: O
putative: O
neuroepithelium: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
nuclear: O
complex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
fine: O
structure: O
of: O
the: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus: O
(DNLL): O
to: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
is: O
examined: O
in: O
the: O
cat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Taken: O
as: O
an: O
ensemble,: O
the: O
neurons: O
in: O
areas: O
neighboring: O
SII: O
exhibited: O
a: O
very: O
crude: O
topography;: O
but: O
at: O
the: O
level: O
of: O
an: O
individual: O
neuron: O
and: O
its: O
neighbor,: O
there: O
was: O
never: O
a: O
pattern: O
of: O
gradual: O
transition: O
in: O
peripheral: O
receptive: O
field: O
locations: O
between: O
one: O
unit: O
and: O
the: O
next,: O
like: O
that: O
seen: O
in: O
SII.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Control: O
injections: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
into: O
the: O
posterior: O
pituitary: O
and: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
nucleus: O
produce: O
patterns: O
of: O
cell: O
labeling: O
which: O
are: O
very: O
distinct: O
from: O
that: O
seen: O
with: O
injections: O
into: O
the: O
median: O
eminence.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
injections: O
into: O
the: O
posterior: O
pituitary,: O
the: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
neurosecretory: O
nuclei: O
are: O
all: O
heavily: O
labeled,: O
but: O
small: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
parvocellular: O
neuronal: O
groups: O
are: O
not: O
labeled.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
aggregations: O
of: O
these: O
branches: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
lamina: O
VII,: O
mainly: O
in: O
the: O
region: O
of: O
Clarke's: O
column: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
and: O
ventrolateral: O
regions: O
thereof: O
and: O
in: O
lamina: O
IX,: O
mainly: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
lateromedialis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
study: O
examines: O
the: O
termination: O
pattern: O
of: O
axons: O
from: O
the: O
medial: O
mammillary: O
nucleus: O
within: O
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Gudden: O
(TV): O
in: O
rats: O
by: O
using: O
anterograde: O
transport: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
conjugated: O
with: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin: O
(WGA-HRP): O
and: O
visualized: O
with: O
tetramethylbenzidine.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Crystal: O
placements: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
thalamus: O
at: O
postnatal: O
day: O
2(P2): O
-P3: O
reveal: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
extending: O
down: O
through: O
the: O
diencephalon: B-Individual_protein
and: O
growing: O
out: O
through: O
the: O
internal: O
capsule: O
among: O
groups: O
of: O
back-labelled: O
cells: O
that: O
already: O
project: O
into: O
the: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
area: O
causing: O
EOD-frequency: O
rises: O
(: O
nucleus: O
electrosensorius(nE): O
increases)--a: O
horizontal: O
band: O
of: O
cells: O
at: O
the: O
dorsal: O
aspect: O
of: O
the: O
caudal: O
nucleus: O
electrosensorius(nE): O
which: O
receives: O
TSd: O
input: O
and: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
prepacemaker: O
nucleus(PPn): O
and: O
vicinity: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
cerebellum;: O
nucleus: O
electrosensorius(nE): O
increases: O
stimulation: O
induces: O
slow: O
EOD-frequency: O
rises: O
characteristic: O
of: O
the: O
jamming: O
avoidance: O
response(JAR): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Four: O
of: O
them: O
were: O
motoneurons,: O
having: O
relatively: O
large: O
cell: O
somata: O
in: O
the: O
retrofacial: O
nucleus: O
(RFN): O
and: O
axons: O
without: O
any: O
collaterals: O
inside: O
the: O
brainstem.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Both: O
isoforms: O
were: O
expressed: O
in: O
neuronal: O
subgroups: O
outside: O
the: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
such: O
as: O
in: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
layer: O
VI,: O
or: O
the: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
olfactory: O
tubercle.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
amygdalo-piriform: O
transition: O
area: O
also: O
projects: O
moderately: O
to: O
other: O
amygdaloid: O
nuclei,: O
including: O
the: O
parvicellular: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
anterior: O
cortical: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
olfactory: O
tract.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
spinal: O
grey: O
matter,: O
numerous: O
labeled: O
cells: O
were: O
regularly: O
encountered: O
in: O
the: O
marginal: O
zone,: O
the: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
neck: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
horn,: O
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
grey: O
commissure.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
order: O
to: O
determine: O
whether: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
DMV: O
project: O
to: O
higher: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
brain: O
stem,: O
large: O
injections: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
(1-3: O
microliters): O
were: O
made: O
into: O
the: O
pons,: B-Individual_protein
mesencephalon,: B-Individual_protein
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
amygdala.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Terminations: O
in: O
the: O
rostro-medial: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
accessory: O
olive: O
arise: O
from: O
the: O
contralateral: O
internal: O
cuneate: O
nucleus: O
and: O
from: O
the: O
opposite: O
intermediate: O
grey: O
at: O
C.1.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
both: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
and: O
globus: O
pallidus,: O
5-HT1B: O
receptors: O
were: O
preferentially: O
associated: O
with: O
the: O
membrane: O
of: O
fine,: O
unmyelinated,: O
preterminal: O
axons,: O
and: O
were: O
not: O
found: O
on: O
axon: O
terminals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
schedule: O
of: O
the: O
crossed: O
tectorotundal: O
connections: O
coincides: O
with: O
the: O
schedule: O
of: O
tectal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
onto: O
the: O
contralateral: O
intrinsic: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
TT.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

When: O
the: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
navigated: O
in: O
the: O
chiasm: B-Individual_protein
at: O
E13-E14,: O
immunoreactive: O
Chondroitin: O
sulfate(CS): O
remained: O
at: O
a: O
low: O
level: O
in: O
the: O
optic: O
fiber: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
chiasm: B-Individual_protein
but: O
was: O
observed: O
prominently: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
diencephalon.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Other: O
connections: O
include: O
projections: O
to: O
lateral: O
hypothalamus,: O
dorsal: O
raphe,: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
matter,: O
pericerulear: O
region,: O
rostroventral: O
medulla,: O
and: O
parabrachial: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
to: O
the: O
rostral: O
agranular: O
insular: O
cortex(RAIC): O
from: O
medial: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
are: O
associated: O
with: O
motivational/affective: O
components: O
of: O
pain.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

rostral: O
agranular: O
insular: O
cortex(RAIC): O
projections: O
to: O
mesolimbic/mesocortical: O
ventral: O
forebrain: O
circuits: O
are: O
likely: O
to: O
participate: O
in: O
the: O
sensorimotor: O
integration: O
of: O
nociceptive: O
processing,: O
while: O
its: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
are: O
most: O
likely: O
to: O
contribute: O
to: O
descending: O
pain: O
inhibitory: O
control.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Connection: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nuclei: O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
in: O
the: O
rat:: O
topographical: O
organization: O
and: O
somatotopic: O
specific: O
plasticity: O
in: O
response: O
to: O
neonatal: O
enucleation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
types: O
of: O
V1: B-Individual_protein
cells: O
labeled: O
with: O
antibodies: O
to: O
parvalbumin(PV): O
and: O
calbindin(CB): O
in: O
all: O
mammals: O
examined: O
including: O
the: O
flying: O
fox: O
suggest: O
that: O
the: O
similarities: O
in: O
the: O
cellular: O
distribution: O
of: O
these: O
proteins: O
in: O
cortex: O
reflect: O
the: O
fact: O
that: O
this: O
feature: O
is: O
common: O
to: O
all: O
mammals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Differential: O
innervation: O
of: O
parvalbumin-immunoreactive: O
interneurons: O
of: O
the: O
basolateral: O
amygdaloid: O
complex: O
by: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
and: O
intrinsic: O
inputs.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

MI: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
coincides: O
with: O
the: O
lateral: O
agranular: O
field: O
but: O
also: O
overlaps: O
with: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
adjacent: O
granular: O
cortex: O
of: O
the: O
first: O
somatic: O
sensory: O
(SI): O
representation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

By: O
far: O
the: O
densest: O
projection: O
ends: O
just: O
dorsal: O
to: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCh): O
in: O
a: O
comma-shaped: O
region: O
designated: O
the: O
"subparaventricular: O
zone,": O
although: O
some: O
fibers: O
continue: O
on: O
through: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
to: O
end: O
in: O
the: O
overlying: O
midline: O
thalamus,: O
and: O
others: O
continue: O
on: O
to: O
end: O
in: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
region: O
around: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
posterior: O
hypothalamic: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Vestibulospinal: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
descending: O
vestibular: O
nuclei: O
have: O
widespread: O
bilateral: O
terminations: O
in: O
the: O
upper: O
cervical: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
distinguish: O
between: O
the: O
projection: O
sites: O
of: O
thyrotropin-releasing: O
hormone(TRH): O
neurons: O
residing: O
in: O
the: O
anterior: O
parvocellular: O
subdivision: O
of: O
the: O
PVN(aPVN): O
and: O
the: O
closely: O
situated: O
perifornical: O
area,: O
the: O
retrograde: O
tracer: O
cholera: O
toxin: O
B: O
subunit: O
(CTB): O
was: O
injected: O
into: O
regions: O
where: O
Phaseolus: O
vulgaris: O
leucoagglutinin(PHAL): O
/pro-: O
thyrotropin-releasing: O
hormone(TRH): O
-containing: O
axons: O
were: O
densely: O
accumulated.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
section: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
nerve,: O
degenerating: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
terminals: O
reveal: O
an: O
accumulation: O
of: O
neurofilaments: O
(neurofilamentous: O
hypertrophy): O
as: O
demonstrated: O
by: O
silver: O
impregnation: O
techniques: O
or: O
electron: O
microscopy.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
indicate: O
that: O
the: O
striatal: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
to: O
the: O
entopeduncular: O
nucleus(EPN): O
-habenular: O
and: O
entopeduncular: O
nucleus(EPN): O
-thalamic: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
entopeduncular: O
nucleus(EPN): O
originates: O
from: O
striosome: O
and: O
matrix: O
neurons,: O
respectively.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Our: O
results: O
show: O
that: O
the: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
anteroventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus(aVCN): O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body(MNTB): O
is: O
divergent,: O
both: O
when: O
calyces: O
have: O
just: O
been: O
formed: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
adult.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
from: O
nucleus: O
x: O
and: O
from: O
the: O
external: O
cuneate: O
nucleus: O
was: O
confirmed,: O
and: O
a: O
distinct: O
group: O
of: O
neurones: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
ventroposteromedial: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
was: O
distinguished: O
near: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
aspect: O
of: O
the: O
principal: O
sensory: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

When: O
autoradiographic: O
injection: O
sites: O
included: O
neostriatum: B-Individual_protein
postero-ventral: O
to: O
field: O
L,: O
a: O
projection: O
to: O
archistriatum: O
outlining: O
the: O
anterior: O
and: O
ventral: O
borders: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
robustus: O
archistriatalis: O
(RA): O
resulted.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
analyzed: O
the: O
effect: O
of: O
a: O
small: O
lesion: O
to: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
of: O
a: O
two-day-old: O
kitten: O
and: O
observed: O
that: O
after: O
degeneration: O
of: O
ganglion: O
cells: O
whose: O
axons: O
were: O
severed,: O
a: O
restricted: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
remained: O
depleted: O
of: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Expression: O
of: O
pro-opiomelanocortin(POMC): O
mRNA: O
in: O
the: O
pituitary: B-Individual_protein
was: O
restricted: O
to: O
the: O
cephalic: O
lobe,: O
whereas: O
in: O
the: O
brain,: O
the: O
signal: O
was: O
limited: O
to: O
the: O
hypothalamic: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

As: O
assessed: O
by: O
Northern: O
blot: O
analysis,: O
the: O
length: O
of: O
the: O
pro-opiomelanocortin(POMC): O
mRNA: O
in: O
both: O
the: O
pituitary: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
was: O
approximately: O
1,200: O
nucleotides.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Of: O
the: O
cells: O
in: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
caudalis(Hc): O
that: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
pituitary,: O
almost: O
all: O
(96%): O
are: O
small: O
and: O
the: O
remainder: O
are: O
medium-sized.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cavernous: O
nerve: O
plexus,: O
with: O
several: O
small: O
ganglia,: O
mainly: O
occupied: O
the: O
lateral: O
wall: O
of: O
the: O
sinus: O
and: O
extended: O
laterally: O
above: O
the: O
ophthalmic: O
and: O
maxillary: O
divisions: O
of: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
nerve,: O
in: O
relation: O
to: O
the: O
oculomotor: O
and: O
trochlear: O
nerves.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Regional: O
and: O
laminar: O
organization: O
of: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
presubiculum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
parasubiculum: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
cortex:: O
an: O
anterograde: O
tracing: O
study: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

the: O
part: O
closest: O
to: O
the: O
subiculum,: B-Individual_protein
projected: O
to: O
the: O
most: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
medial: O
entorhinal: O
area(MEA): O
and: O
the: O
central: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
presubiculum: B-Individual_protein
sent: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
most: O
medial: O
part: O
of: O
medial: O
entorhinal: O
area(MEA): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
results: O
demonstrate: O
that: O
diversity,: O
instead: O
of: O
homogeneity,: O
is: O
a: O
characteristic: O
feature: O
of: O
vestibulospinal: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
that: O
originate: O
from: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
descending: O
vestibular: O
nuclei: O
and: O
travel: O
in: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
ventral: O
funiculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

On: O
the: O
basis: O
of: O
its: O
cytoarchitecture: O
and: O
connections: O
with: O
the: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
insular: O
cortex: O
was: O
divided: O
into: O
a: O
dorsal: O
granular: O
area,: O
an: O
intermediate: O
dysgranular: O
region,: O
and: O
a: O
ventral: O
agranular: O
strip.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Another: O
area: O
in: O
which: O
immunostaining: O
is: O
notable: O
is: O
surrounding: O
the: O
III: O
ventricle,: O
where: O
transferrin: O
is: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
choroid: O
plexus: O
and: O
ependyma: B-Individual_protein
and: O
ferritin: O
and: O
iron: O
are: O
present: O
in: O
tanycytes.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
ergic: O
neurons: O
and: O
fibers: O
were: O
abundant: O
in: O
the: O
dorsalmost: O
part: O
of: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
geniculate: O
region,: O
while: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
ergic: O
neurons: O
and: O
fibers: O
were: O
sparse: O
(or: O
lightly: O
labeled): O
in: O
the: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
rotundus,: O
triangularis,: O
and: O
ovoidalis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
investigated: O
whether: O
hypothalamic: B-Individual_protein
EM-like: O
immunoreactivity(EM-LI): O
cells: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area(VTA): O
,: O
where: O
they: O
could: O
play: O
a: O
natural: O
role: O
in: O
this: O
circuitry.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
much: O
smaller: O
number: O
of: O
cholinergic: O
pedunculopontine: O
neurons: O
project: O
as: O
far: O
as: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Area: O
PO: O
is: O
connected: O
both: O
directly: O
and: O
indirectly,: O
via: O
MT: O
and: O
MST,: B-Individual_protein
to: O
parietal: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
injections: O
of: O
the: O
tracer: O
into: O
the: O
neuro-intermediate: O
lobe,: O
a: O
substantial: O
number: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
-labeled: O
neurons: O
was: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
supraoptic: O
and: O
paraventricular: O
neurosecretory: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Further: O
caudally: O
a: O
lateral: O
fiber: O
stream: O
(mainly: O
derived: O
from: O
the: O
lateral: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
hypothalamic: O
area): O
distributed: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
parabrachial: O
nuclei,: O
nucleus: O
subcoeruleus,: O
locus: O
coeruleus,: O
the: O
micturition-coordinating: O
region,: O
the: O
caudal: O
brainstem: O
lateral: O
tegmentum,: O
and: O
the: O
solitary: O
and: O
dorsal: O
vagal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Afferents: O
from: O
pallial: B-Individual_protein
telencephalic: O
areas: O
are: O
not: O
present,: O
suggesting: O
that: O
although: O
anurans: O
receive: O
striatal: B-Individual_protein
input: O
from: O
the: O
diencephalon: B-Individual_protein
and: O
mesencephalon,: B-Individual_protein
they: O
do: O
not: O
possess: O
a: O
homolog: O
of: O
the: O
mammalian: O
corticostriatal: O
system.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
two: O
cortices: O
are: O
further: O
projected: O
upon: O
by: O
fibers: O
from: O
the: O
supramamillary: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
mesencephalon,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
centralis: O
superior,: O
and: O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
of: O
these: O
experiments: O
demonstrate: O
that,: O
with: O
the: O
exception: O
of: O
the: O
claustrum,: B-Individual_protein
these: O
subcortical: O
areas: O
project: O
mainly: O
to: O
the: O
superficial: O
layers: O
I-III: O
and: O
the: O
lamina: O
dissecans: O
of: O
the: O
parahippocampal: O
cortex,: O
and: O
to: O
a: O
lesser: O
degree: O
to: O
the: O
deep: O
layers: O
V: O
and: O
VI.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
of: O
the: O
parahippocampal: O
cortex: O
was: O
studied: O
with: O
the: O
aid: O
of: O
retrograde: O
and: O
anterograde: O
tracing: O
techniques.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Parasensory: O
association: O
areas,: O
which: O
form: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
neocortex,: B-Individual_protein
do: O
not: O
project: O
farther: O
medially: O
in: O
the: O
parahippocampal: O
cortex: O
than: O
the: O
perirhinal: O
areas: O
35: O
and: O
36.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

There: O
is: O
a: O
rostrocaudal: O
topographical: O
arrangement: O
in: O
these: O
projections: O
such: O
that: O
rostral: O
cortical: O
areas: O
distribute: O
more: O
rostrally: O
and: O
caudal: O
parts: O
project: O
to: O
more: O
caudal: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
perirhinal: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lateral: O
accessory: O
lobe(LAL): O
-: O
ventral: O
protocerebrum(VPC): O
is: O
regarded: O
as: O
the: O
major: O
target: O
of: O
olfactory: O
responding: O
neurons: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
the: O
control: O
center: O
for: O
olfactory-evoked: O
sequential: O
zigzag: O
turns.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
neural: O
populations: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
or: O
accumbens: O
are: O
highly: O
intermingled: O
throughout: O
the: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
midline,: O
but: O
display: O
some: O
topographical: O
prevalence.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Only: O
injections: O
into: O
the: O
reticular: O
nucleus: O
resulted: O
in: O
retrograde: O
labelling: O
of: O
the: O
cholinergic: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
basalis: O
of: O
Meynert.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis(BSTS): O
inputs: O
and: O
outputs: O
were: O
identified,: O
respectively,: O
by: O
the: O
presence: O
of: O
varicose: O
fibers: O
and: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
within: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Radioautography: O
also: O
demonstrated: O
that: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
fiber: O
terminals: O
had: O
invaded: O
the: O
caudal: O
tectum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Mediodorsal: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
to: O
layer: O
III: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
prefrontal: O
cortex:: O
synaptic: O
relationships: O
to: O
subclasses: O
of: O
interneurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Similar: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nuclear: O
projections,: O
trigeminal: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
ventrolateral: O
subdivisions,: O
although: O
these: O
terminations: O
were: O
rostral: O
and: O
dorsal: O
to: O
areas: O
receiving: O
cuneatus: O
input.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
interstitial: O
subnuclei: O
lie: O
within: O
each: O
fasciculus: O
retroflexus: O
as: O
it: O
enters: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IPN): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injection: O
of: O
biocytin: O
into: O
the: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
resulted: O
in: O
the: O
anterograde: O
labeling: O
of: O
a: O
dense: O
band: O
of: O
fibers: O
and: O
terminals: O
within: O
the: O
entire: O
thalamic: O
reticular: O
nucleus;: O
this: O
labeling: O
extended: O
through: O
the: O
visual: O
sector: O
including: O
the: O
perigeniculate: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus,: O
the: O
distal: O
limb: O
representations: O
in: O
somatic: O
sensory: O
area(SI): O
and: O
somatic: O
sensory: O
area(SI): O
I: O
each: O
receive: O
inputs: O
from: O
a: O
third: O
major: O
relay: O
nucleus: O
(i.e.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
bundles,: O
made: O
up: O
of: O
50: O
or: O
more: O
axons,: O
leave: O
the: O
optic: O
nerve,: O
emerge: O
through: O
the: O
otherwise: O
continuous: O
layer: O
of: O
subpial: O
glia: O
and: O
through: O
the: O
basal: O
lamina: O
of: O
the: O
nerve,: O
run: O
a: O
short,: O
naked,: O
extracerebral: O
course: O
among: O
collagen: O
fibers: O
and: O
presumed: O
fibroblasts,: O
and: O
then: O
re-enter: O
the: O
central: O
nervous: O
system,: O
passing: O
rostrally: O
and: O
dorsally: O
to: O
the: O
superficial: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
hypothalamus: O
away: O
from: O
the: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
chiasm.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Anterograde: O
and: O
retrograde: O
transport: O
methods: O
have: O
been: O
used: O
to: O
analyze: O
the: O
projection: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
upon: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
in: O
19: O
mammalian: O
species.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
domain: O
over: O
which: O
the: O
map: O
in: O
somatosensory: O
cortical: O
area: O
I: O
(SI): B-Individual_protein
dynamically: O
changes: O
following: O
intracortical: O
microstimulation: O
(Recanzone,: O
Merzenich: O
and: O
Dinse,: O
Cerebral: O
Cortex: O
2:181-196,: O
1992): O
may: O
depend: O
on: O
the: O
range: O
of: O
intrinsic: O
connections: O
observed: O
in: O
this: O
study.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
cells: O
begin: O
to: O
penetrate: O
the: O
parenchyma: O
on: O
day: O
E20,: O
and: O
by: O
days: O
E21: O
and: O
E22: O
two: O
components: O
of: O
the: O
external: O
cuneate: O
nucleus: O
are: O
identifiable-the: O
dorsal: O
and: O
ventral: O
external: O
cuneate: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Furthermore,: O
because: O
there: O
are: O
cells: O
with: O
circumferential: O
axons: O
throughout: O
the: O
ventral: O
retina,: O
the: O
data: O
imply: O
that: O
at: O
least: O
ventral: O
RGC: O
axons: O
avoid: O
mingling: O
with: O
the: O
axons: O
from: O
dorsal: O
retinal: O
ganglion: O
cells(RGCs): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Field: O
of: O
Forel: O
(FF): O
neurons,: O
which: O
project: O
primarily: O
to: O
the: O
frontal: O
cortex: O
of: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
hemisphere,: O
are: O
located: O
just: O
ventral: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
edge: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
lemniscus,: O
at: O
the: O
level: O
of: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
basal: O
thalamic: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Posterior: O
lateral: O
hypothalamic: O
(LHAp): O
neurons: O
form: O
a: O
dense: O
cluster: O
spanning: O
the: O
lateral: O
hypothalamus,: O
from: O
the: O
cerebral: O
peduncle: O
to: O
the: O
posterior: O
hypothalamic: O
area: O
at: O
premammillary: O
levels,: O
and: O
extending: O
into: O
the: O
supramammillary: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
adjacent: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
involving: O
the: O
mesencephalic: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
nerve: O
(Vmes),: O
resulted: O
in: O
labeling: O
of: O
Probst's: O
tract,: O
which: O
descends: O
in: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
reticular: O
formation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
show: O
that: O
multimodal: O
area: O
TPO: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal: O
sulcus(STS): O
projects: O
back: O
to: O
specific: O
unimodal: O
parasensory: O
association: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
parietal: O
lobe: O
(somatosensory),: O
superior: O
temporal: O
gyrus: O
(auditory),: O
and: O
posterior: O
parahippocampal: O
gyrus: O
(visual).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
a: O
substantial: O
number: O
of: O
projections: O
from: O
area: O
TPO-3(TPO): O
are: O
directed: O
to: O
distal: O
parasensory: O
association: O
areas,: O
area: O
PG-Opt: O
in: O
the: O
inferior: O
parietal: O
lobule,: O
areas: O
Ts1: O
and: O
Ts2: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
superior: O
temporal: O
gyrus,: O
and: O
areas: O
TF: O
and: O
TL: O
in: O
the: O
parahippocampal: O
gyrus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
diffuse: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
striatum: O
arises: O
from: O
neurons: O
ventral: O
and: O
caudal: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
reuniens: O
rather: O
than: O
from: O
cells: O
inside: O
the: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
this: O
age,: O
there: O
were: O
also: O
many: O
immunoreactive: O
fibers: O
that: O
crossed: O
from: O
one: O
side: O
of: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
other: O
in: O
the: O
commissure: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Reticular: O
formation: O
cells: O
studied: O
were: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
gigantocellularis,: O
nucleus: O
magnocellularis,: O
nucleus: O
paragigantocellularis: O
dorsalis,: O
and: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
paramedianus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
main: O
sources: O
of: O
nonlimbic: O
anterior: O
thalamic: O
nuclei(ATN): O
afferents: O
are: O
the: O
pretectum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
central: O
gray.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Pretectal: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
were: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
-labeled: O
primarily: O
in: O
the: O
contralateral: O
medial: O
pretectal: O
nucleus: O
with: O
a: O
smaller: O
number: O
in: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
posterior: O
pretectal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

AC8: O
expression: O
is: O
initially: O
restricted: O
to: O
the: O
epithalamus,: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
superior: O
colliculus,: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
anlage: O
the: O
proliferative: O
zone: O
of: O
the: O
rhombic: O
lip,: O
and: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
a: O
robust: O
plexus: O
of: O
sympathetic: O
fibers: O
was: O
evident: O
in: O
the: O
deep: O
white: O
matter: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
inferior: O
cerebellar: O
peduncles.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Sympathetic: O
axons: O
were: O
also: O
associated: O
with: O
the: O
large: O
blood: O
vessels: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
fissure: O
and: O
were: O
present: O
within: O
the: O
hilar: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

For: O
the: O
D1: O
radioligand,: O
the: O
high-density: O
zones: O
are: O
more: O
widespread: O
throughout: O
the: O
caudate: O
nucleus,: O
nucleus: O
accumbens,: O
and: O
putamen.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Retinal: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus: O
in: O
rats: O
and: O
Mongolian: O
gerbils.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
direct: O
pathway: O
from: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus: O
(DRN): O
has: O
been: O
demonstrated: O
in: O
both: O
albino: O
rats: O
and: O
Mongolian: O
gerbils.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
injection: O
of: O
cholera: O
toxin: O
subunit: O
B(CTB): O
into: O
the: O
lateral: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus(DRN): O
,: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
ganglion: O
cells: O
(GCs): O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
whole-mount: O
retinas: O
of: O
both: O
species.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Lateral: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
cortex: O
projected: O
to: O
caudal: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
recipient: O
fields: O
and: O
more: O
medial: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
cortex: O
projected: O
to: O
progressively: O
more: O
rostral: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
fields.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
characterize: O
the: O
cellular: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
pathology: O
in: O
mesial: O
temporal: O
lobe: O
epilepsies(MTLE): O
,: O
we: O
have: O
analyzed: O
hilar: O
neurons: O
in: O
surgical: O
hippocampus: O
specimens: O
from: O
patients: O
with: O
mesial: O
temporal: O
lobe: O
epilepsies(MTLE): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
percentages: O
of: O
peptide-immunoreactive: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract(NTS): O
cells: O
that: O
projected: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
and: O
contralateral: O
DMNX: O
were: O
in: O
the: O
ranges: O
of: O
29-61%: O
and: O
10-48%,: O
respectively.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
medial: O
striatum(MSt): O
,: O
but: O
not: O
Area: O
X,: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area: O
(VTA): O
and: O
SNc,: B-Individual_protein
but: O
neither: O
medial: O
striatum(MSt): O
nor: O
Area: O
X: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
pars: O
reticulata(SNr): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Finally,: O
we: O
provide: O
evidence: O
consistent: O
with: O
an: O
indirect: O
pathway: O
from: O
the: O
cerebellum: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
basal: O
ganglia,: O
including: O
Area: O
X.: O
Area: O
X: O
projections: O
thus: O
differ: O
from: O
those: O
of: O
the: O
globus: O
pallidus(GP): O
and: O
lateral: O
striatum(LSt): O
,: O
but: O
are: O
similar: O
to: O
those: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
striatum(MSt): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
serotoninergic: O
input: O
to: O
the: O
mammalian: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
originates: O
in: O
the: O
median: O
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
visual: O
field: O
representation: O
in: O
V2: B-Individual_protein
is: O
not: O
a: O
mirror: O
image: O
of: O
that: O
in: O
V1;: O
the: O
representation: O
of: O
the: O
horizontal: O
meridian: O
forms: O
the: O
lateral: O
border: O
of: O
V2,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
visual: O
field: O
representation: O
is: O
split: O
so: O
that: O
adjacent: O
points: O
on: O
either: O
side: O
of: O
the: O
horizontal: O
meridian: O
are: O
represented: O
in: O
nonadjacent: O
parts: O
of: O
V2.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Given: O
the: O
strong: O
established: O
connections: O
from: O
olfactory: O
structures: O
to: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
area(MPO): O
,: O
it: O
is: O
possible: O
that: O
the: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
area(MPO): O
-->: O
locus: O
coeruleus(LC): O
pathway: O
provides: O
an: O
anatomical: O
substrate: O
for: O
olfactory: O
modulation: O
of: O
arousal.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Based: O
on: O
previous: O
retrograde: O
tracer: O
studies,: O
neocortical: O
afferents: O
to: O
the: O
macaque: O
monkey: O
entorhinal: O
cortex: O
originate: O
largely: O
in: O
polysensory: O
cortical: O
association: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
corpus: O
callosum: O
interconnects: O
both: O
corresponding: O
(homotopic): O
and: O
noncorresponding: O
(heterotopic): O
cortical: O
sites: O
of: O
the: O
two: O
hemispheres.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
further: O
determined: O
that: O
regions: O
within: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
and: O
raphe: O
nuclei: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
orbital: O
cortex,: O
and: O
that: O
these: O
regions: O
overlap: O
with: O
those: O
that: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
submedius.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Such: O
neurons: O
were: O
extremely: O
rare: O
in: O
the: O
cat;: O
only: O
a: O
few: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
principal: O
olive,: O
the: O
medial: O
accessory: O
olive,: O
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
accessory: O
olive.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
gain: O
insight: O
into: O
how: O
cortical: O
fields: O
process: O
somatic: O
inputs: O
and: O
ultimately: O
contribute: O
to: O
complex: O
abilities: O
such: O
as: O
tactile: O
object: O
perception,: O
we: O
examined: O
the: O
pattern: O
of: O
connections: O
of: O
two: O
areas: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
sulcus: O
of: O
macaque: O
monkeys:: O
the: O
second: O
somatosensory: O
area: O
(S2),: O
and: O
the: O
parietal: O
ventral: O
area: O
(PV).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

soluble: O
guanylyl: O
cyclase(sGC): O
was: O
present: O
at: O
high: O
levels: O
in: O
inner: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
but: O
barely: O
detectable: O
in: O
outer: O
retina.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
is: O
well: O
known: O
that: O
area: O
3a: O
in: O
the: O
cat: O
may: O
monosynaptically: O
influence: O
the: O
activity: O
of: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
motor: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
rostral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
agranular: O
cortex: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
rostral: O
two-thirds: O
of: O
subthalamic: O
nucleus(STH): O
,: O
and: O
the: O
caudal: O
part: O
of: O
this: O
field: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
aspect: O
of: O
the: O
middle: O
third: O
of: O
subthalamic: O
nucleus(STH): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
included: O
the: O
intermediolateral: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
funiculus: O
just: O
lateral: O
to: O
it,: O
the: O
medial: O
gray: O
matter: O
in: O
the: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
intercalatus,: O
and: O
the: O
paracentral: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

One: O
type: O
is: O
topographic: O
in: O
that: O
the: O
mediolateral: O
relationships: O
among: O
these: O
striatal: B-Individual_protein
efferent: O
neurons: O
are: O
roughly: O
maintained: O
by: O
their: O
termination: O
patterns: O
in: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra,: O
while: O
the: O
dorsoventral: O
relationships: O
are: O
inverted.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
injection: O
of: O
HRP: O
or: O
WGA-HRP: O
into: O
the: O
dorsal: O
medulla,: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
are: O
present: O
both: O
in: O
the: O
pre-: O
and: O
postcentral: O
gyrus,: O
but: O
their: O
location: O
depends: O
upon: O
the: O
sites: O
and: O
extent: O
of: O
the: O
injection: O
site.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
majority: O
of: O
labeled: O
fibers: O
from: O
supramammillary: O
nucleus(SUM): O
ascended: O
through: O
the: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
within: O
the: O
medial: O
forebrain: O
bundle.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Together,: O
these: O
nuclei: O
project: O
topographically: O
back: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
amygdalar: O
nucleus,: O
to: O
the: O
adjacent: O
lateral: O
septal: O
nucleus,: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens: O
and: O
substantia: O
innominata,: O
to: O
hypothalamic: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
behavior: O
control: O
column,: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
hypothalamic: O
periventricular: O
region,: O
which: O
controls: O
patterned: O
neuroendocrine: O
and: O
autonomic: O
responses.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
dorsal: O
trend,: O
which: O
begins: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
proisocortical: O
areas,: O
can: O
be: O
followed: O
through: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
prefrontal: O
cortex,: O
culminating: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
arcuate: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
one: O
case: O
with: O
a: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
lesion: O
restricted: O
to: O
the: O
motor-sensory: O
cortex,: O
mainly: O
dark: O
degenerating: O
terminals: O
are: O
apparent: O
in: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
pontine: O
gray,: O
whereas: O
in: O
a: O
lesion: O
confined: O
to: O
the: O
visual: O
cortex: O
only: O
filamentous: O
degeneration: O
was: O
observed.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Morphology: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
axon: O
arbors: O
induced: O
to: O
arborize: O
in: O
a: O
novel: O
target,: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
found: O
leu-enkephalin: O
immunoreactivity: O
in: O
some: O
fibers: O
of: O
the: O
neural: O
lobe: O
and: O
the: O
median: O
eminence.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
of: O
individual: O
Purkinje: O
cells: O
of: O
identified: O
zones: O
in: O
the: O
flocculus: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
vestibular: O
and: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei: O
in: O
the: O
rabbit.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

There: O
are: O
sparse: O
ipsilateral: O
pontocerebellar: O
projections: O
to: O
these: O
same: O
regions: O
of: O
cerebellar: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
postnatal: O
day: O
(P): O
7,: O
many: O
Lmx1b-expressing: O
neurons: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
posterior: O
hypothalamic: O
area,: O
supramammillary: O
nucleus,: O
ventral: O
premammillary: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
subthalamic: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Early: O
studies: O
that: O
used: O
older: O
tracing: O
techniques: O
reported: O
exceedingly: O
few: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus: O
(DR): O
to: O
the: O
brainstem.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
following: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
medulla: O
receive: O
moderately: O
dense: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus(DR): O
:: O
nucleus: O
gigantocellularis,: O
nucleus: O
raphe: O
magnus,: O
nucleus: O
raphe: O
obscurus,: O
facial: O
nucleus,: O
nucleus: O
gigantocellularis-pars: O
alpha,: O
and: O
the: O
rostral: O
ventrolateral: O
medullary: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
observations: O
demonstrate: O
that,: O
in: O
the: O
opossum: O
vomeronasal: O
organ(VNO): O
,: O
there: O
is: O
a: O
population: O
of: O
proliferating: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
basal: O
region: O
close: O
to: O
the: O
basal: O
lamina: O
in: O
the: O
sensory: O
epithelium.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
highly: O
specific: O
patterns: O
of: O
Cholecystokinin(CCK): O
binding: O
in: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
and: O
transitional: O
cortices: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
temporal: O
lobe: O
can: O
be: O
related: O
to: O
terminal: O
fields: O
of: O
neo-: O
and: O
allocortical: O
afferents: O
to: O
these: O
regions,: O
while: O
label: O
in: O
the: O
hippocampal: O
formation: O
coincides: O
with: O
the: O
terminals: O
of: O
intrinsic: O
neurons: O
which: O
ramify: O
among: O
the: O
somata: O
of: O
cells: O
that: O
are: O
targets: O
of: O
neocortical: B-Individual_protein
afferents.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Notably,: O
cochlear: O
root: O
neurons(CRNs): O
apparently: O
do: O
not: O
innervate: O
any: O
of: O
the: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
auditory: O
brainstem,: O
as: O
usually: O
defined,: O
even: O
though: O
their: O
axons: O
pass: O
through: O
or: O
in: O
close: O
proximity: O
to: O
them.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
deep: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
contain: O
cells: O
which: O
are: O
premotor: O
in: O
the: O
sense: O
that: O
they: O
respond: O
prior: O
to: O
the: O
onset: O
of: O
shifts: O
in: O
gaze: O
and: O
send: O
axons,: O
by: O
way: O
of: O
a: O
pathway: O
called: O
the: O
predorsal: O
bundle,: O
to: O
the: O
contralateral: O
brainstem: O
gaze: O
centers: O
and: O
cervical: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Finally,: O
an: O
association: O
component: O
originates: O
mainly: O
from: O
prefrontal: O
cortex: O
and: O
posterior: O
parietal: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Distribution: O
of: O
neurotensin-immunoreactivity: O
within: O
baroreceptive: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
tractus: O
solitarius: O
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
vagal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
reticulospinal(RS): O
neurons: O
are: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
hindbrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
cell: O
types: O
can: O
be: O
identified: O
by: O
differences: O
in: O
their: O
cell: O
body: O
sizes: O
and: O
positions,: O
axonal: O
projections,: O
and: O
dendritic: O
arborizations: O
(Metcalfe: O
et: O
al.,: O
J.: O
Comp.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cell: O
size: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
superior: O
olive,: O
medial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body,: O
ventral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus,: O
anteroventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus,: O
dorsal: O
cochlear: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
facial: O
nucleus: O
was: O
also: O
smaller: O
(by: O
9-21%): O
in: O
albinos: O
than: O
in: O
pigmented: O
animals: O
but: O
none: O
of: O
these: O
differences: O
was: O
statistically: O
reliable.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
entopeduncular: O
and: O
subthalamic: O
nuclei: O
do: O
not: O
appear: O
to: O
receive: O
input: O
from: O
the: O
caudal: O
globus: O
pallidus(GP): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neonatal: O
tectal: B-Individual_protein
lesions: O
in: O
hamsters: O
result: O
in: O
the: O
elimination: O
of: O
a: O
major: O
central: O
target: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
axons,: O
massively: O
denervate: O
the: O
lateral: O
posterior: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
(LP),: O
and: O
lead: O
to: O
a: O
marked: O
increase: O
of: O
the: O
retino-LP: O
projection.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Dextran-amines: O
were: O
used: O
as: O
retrograde: O
tracers: O
to: O
investigate: O
the: O
organization: O
of: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
different: O
cytoarchitectonic: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
pontomedullary: O
reticular: O
formation: O
of: O
the: O
cat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast,: O
injections: O
into: O
the: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
pontis: O
caudalis: O
(NRPc),: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
gigantocellularis: O
(NRGc),: O
and: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
magnocellularis: O
(NRMc): O
resulted: O
in: O
bilateral: O
labelling--primarily: O
in: O
areas: O
6a: O
beta,: O
6a: O
gamma,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
rostromedial: O
region: O
of: O
area: O
4--with: O
little: O
labelling: O
in: O
the: O
proreus: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Taken: O
together,: O
our: O
data: O
reveal: O
important: O
chemical: O
distinctions: O
between: O
mouse: O
inhibitory: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
and: O
indicate: O
that: O
parvalbumin(PV): O
,: O
somatostatin(SOM): O
,: O
and: O
vasointenstinal: O
peptide(VIP): O
can: O
differentially: O
label: O
a: O
majority: O
of: O
mouse: O
inhibitory: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
they: O
are: O
found: O
in: O
parts: O
of: O
areas: O
5,: O
6,: O
and: O
24: O
that: O
project: O
to: O
these: O
cortical: O
motor: O
areas,: O
and: O
that: O
are: O
thought: O
to: O
have: O
"premotor": O
or: O
movement-programming: O
functions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
corticomagnocellular: O
(CRm): O
projection: O
arises: O
principally: O
from: O
cells: O
in: O
sublamina: O
Vb: O
of: O
the: O
precentral: O
arm: O
and: O
leg: O
areas: O
(area: O
4),: O
and: O
from: O
adjacent: O
parts: O
of: O
posterior: O
area: O
6,: O
corticomagnocellular(CRm): O
cells: O
are: O
pyramidally: O
shaped,: O
and: O
their: O
size: O
distribution: O
is: O
bimodal,: O
with: O
peaks: O
that: O
correspond,: O
respectively,: O
to: O
the: O
modal: O
diameters: O
of: O
Corticoparvocellular(CRp): O
and: O
of: O
corticospinal: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Double: O
labeling: O
with: O
anti-KCNQ5: O
antibodies: O
and: O
anti-synaptophysin: O
or: O
anti-syntaxin,: O
which: O
mark: O
synaptic: O
endings,: O
or: O
anti-microtubule-associated: O
protein: O
2: O
(MAP2): O
antibodies,: O
which: O
mark: O
dendrites,: O
were: O
used: O
to: O
analyze: O
the: O
subcellular: O
distribution: O
of: O
KCNQ5: O
in: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus,: O
superior: O
olivary: O
complex,: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus,: O
and: O
inferior: O
colliculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
latter: O
type: O
was: O
by: O
far: O
the: O
most: O
frequently: O
impregnated: O
cell: O
type: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
septum(LS): O
d: O
and: O
was: O
also: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
septum(LS): O
i.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
is: O
concluded: O
that: O
the: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
to: O
the: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
is: O
a: O
multicomponent: O
projection: O
consisting: O
of: O
several: O
pathways: O
terminating: O
in: O
discrete: O
midbrain: O
regions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
mature: O
(P20: O
and: O
older): O
spinal: O
cord,: O
most: O
V1-derived: O
neurons: O
are: O
located: O
in: O
lateral: O
LVII: O
and: O
in: O
LIX,: O
few: O
in: O
medial: O
LVII,: O
and: O
none: O
in: O
LVIII.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
combined: O
Phaseolus: O
vulgaris: O
leucoagglutinin: O
anterograde: O
tracing: O
and: O
Herpes: O
simplex: O
virus: O
transneuronal: O
retrograde: O
tracing: O
to: O
determine: O
whether: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
vasodepressor: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
rabbit: O
caudal: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla: O
project: O
to: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
containing: O
the: O
virus: O
after: O
its: O
transneuronal: O
transport: O
from: O
the: O
adrenal: O
medulla.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Pretectal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
the: O
oculomotor: O
complex: O
of: O
the: O
monkey: O
and: O
their: O
role: O
in: O
eye: O
movements.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Here: O
we: O
report: O
the: O
distribution: O
pattern: O
of: O
pChAT-containing: O
afferents: O
from: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
ganglion: O
to: O
the: O
brainstem,: B-Individual_protein
compared: O
with: O
that: O
of: O
calcitonin: O
gene-related: O
peptide: O
(CGRP): O
and: O
substance: O
P: O
(SP),: O
by: O
use: O
of: O
the: O
immunohistochemical: O
techniques: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ventral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
also: O
sends: O
fibers: O
through: O
the: O
medial: O
forebrain: O
bundle: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
and: O
anterior: O
hypothalamic: O
areas,: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
hypothalamic: O
area: O
and: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
nucleus,: O
to: O
the: O
mammillary: O
body: O
(including: O
the: O
supramammillary: O
region),: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
medial: O
septal: O
nucleus: O
also: O
sends: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
midbrain: O
(the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area: O
and: O
raphe: O
nuclei): O
and: O
to: O
the: O
parataenial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus,: O
while: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
diagonal: O
band: O
has: O
an: O
additional: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
anterior: O
limbic: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Grafted: O
septal: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
form: O
cholinergic: O
synaptic: O
connections: O
in: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus: O
of: O
behaviorally: O
impaired: O
aged: O
rats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injection: O
sites: O
encompassed: O
2-8%: O
of: O
the: O
main: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
glomeruli: O
and: O
some: O
injection: O
sites: O
were: O
confined: O
to: O
the: O
accessory: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
glomeruli.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Chemoanatomical: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
noradrenergic: O
input: O
from: O
locus: O
coeruleus: O
to: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
of: O
the: O
adult: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
major: O
target: O
of: O
locus: O
coeruleus: O
projections: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
is: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
(Shipley: O
et: O
al.:: O
Brain: O
Res.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
iontophoretic: O
injections: O
of: O
1%: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin-horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
into: O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus,: O
the: O
densest: O
anterograde: O
label: O
in: O
the: O
accessory: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
was: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
external: O
plexiform: O
layer,: O
granule: O
cell: O
layer,: O
and: O
especially: O
in: O
the: O
internal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
mitral: O
cell: O
layer.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
suggests: O
that: O
the: O
major: O
influence: O
of: O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus: O
input: O
to: O
both: O
the: O
main: O
and: O
accessory: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulbs: O
is: O
on: O
the: O
predominant: O
neuronal: O
element: O
in: O
those: O
layers,: O
the: O
granule: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
placed: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
pole: O
of: O
the: O
paragigantocellularis(PGi): O
(medial: O
to: O
the: O
facial: O
nucleus): O
produced: O
the: O
greatest: O
number: O
of: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
periaqueductal: O
gray(PAG): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Therefore,: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens: O
and: O
the: O
olfactory: O
tubercle,: O
the: O
cellular: O
localization: O
of: O
5-hydroxytryptamine2a(5-HT2a): O
mRNA: O
was: O
investigated: O
by: O
determining: O
the: O
colocalization: O
of: O
5-hydroxytryptamine2a(5-HT2a): O
mRNA: O
with: O
enkephalin: O
mRNA: O
or: O
dynorphin: O
mRNA.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

An: O
anatomical: O
approach: O
to: O
possible: O
areas: O
in: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
involved: O
in: O
somatic: O
motor: O
behavior: O
is: O
to: O
analyze: O
the: O
cortical: O
areas: O
containing: O
neurons: O
that: O
connect: O
directly: O
to: O
the: O
primary: O
motor: O
cortex: O
(MI).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Labeled: O
axons: O
were: O
apparent: O
within: O
the: O
motor: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
chief: O
sensory: O
nucleus: O
(quite: O
profusely): O
and: O
within: O
the: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
or: O
descending: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trigeminal: O
nerve.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Direct: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
anterior: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
to: O
the: O
retrohippocampal: O
region: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Furthermore,: O
the: O
lateral: O
and: O
dorsal: O
quadrants: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
pyramidal: O
cell: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
temporal: O
subiculum,: O
whereas: O
the: O
ventral: O
and: O
medial: O
quadrants: O
project: O
more: O
septally.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Therefore,: O
the: O
projections: O
from: O
both: O
centromedian(CM): O
and: O
parafascicular(Pf): B-Individual_protein
cover: O
the: O
entire: O
striatum,: B-Individual_protein
with: O
those: O
from: O
centromedian(CM): O
arborizing: O
into: O
the: O
"sensorimotor": O
striatal: O
territory: O
and: O
the: O
ones: O
from: O
parafascicular(Pf): B-Individual_protein
innervating: O
the: O
"associative-limbic": O
striatal: O
territory.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Additional: O
studies: O
with: O
retrograde: O
double-labeling: O
methods: O
show: O
that: O
distinct: O
cell: O
groups: O
within: O
centromedian(CM): O
project: O
to: O
the: O
motor: O
cortex: O
and: O
the: O
striatum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
globus: O
pallidus,: O
intense: O
GABA(B)R1: O
and: O
GABA(B)R2: O
subunit: O
labeling: O
was: O
found: O
in: O
large: O
pallidal: O
neurons,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra,: O
both: O
pars: O
compacta: O
and: O
pars: O
reticulata: O
neurons: O
were: O
labeled: O
for: O
both: O
receptor: O
subunits.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
diencephalon,: B-Individual_protein
overlap: O
was: O
observed: O
in: O
several: O
hypothalamic: O
areas,: O
including: O
the: O
perifornical,: O
dorsomedial,: O
and: O
paraventricular: O
nuclei,: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
in: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
thalamic: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
recent: O
studies: O
in: O
the: O
monkey: O
have: O
documented: O
projections: O
from: O
mediodorsal(MD): B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
more: O
caudal,: O
agranular: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
frontal: O
cortex,: O
suggesting: O
that: O
the: O
connections: O
of: O
mediodorsal(MD): B-Individual_protein
may: O
be: O
characterized: O
by: O
a: O
breadth: O
of: O
distribution: O
and: O
diversity: O
of: O
functional: O
roles: O
too: O
great: O
to: O
be: O
useful: O
as: O
a: O
unifying: O
and: O
defining: O
feature: O
for: O
a: O
specific: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
territory.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

No: O
striking: O
differences: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
cell: O
and: O
fibre: O
architecture: O
between: O
the: O
cortex: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
gyrus: O
and: O
that: O
of: O
the: O
so-called: O
"calcarine": O
area: O
that: O
has: O
also: O
been: O
considered: O
as: O
"visual.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
a: O
brainstem: O
hemisection: O
just: O
caudal: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
isthmi: O
(1-20: O
weeks),: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
descending: O
tectal: O
efferent(TE): O
pathway: O
was: O
autoradiographically: O
examined: O
(n: O
=: O
20).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
from: O
area: O
7,: O
the: O
posterior: O
cingulate: O
area,: O
the: O
ventral: O
anterior: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
nucleus: O
are: O
spatially: O
ordered: O
in: O
a: O
pattern: O
such: O
that: O
parts: O
of: O
area: O
6: O
close: O
to: O
the: O
fundus: O
of: O
the: O
cruciate: O
sulcus: O
receive: O
input: O
from: O
neurons: O
positioned: O
anteriorly: O
in: O
the: O
cortical: O
areas,: O
dorsolaterally: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
anterior: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
ventrolaterally: O
in: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
is: O
concluded: O
that: O
cholinergic: O
boutons: O
in: O
the: O
neostriatum: B-Individual_protein
form: O
synaptic: O
specializations: O
and: O
that: O
one: O
of: O
their: O
major: O
targets: O
is: O
the: O
medium-size: O
densely: O
spiny: O
neuron: O
that: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
present: O
account: O
describes: O
the: O
mushroom: O
bodies: O
of: O
Spodoptera: O
littoralis,: O
a: O
moth: O
extensively: O
used: O
for: O
studies: O
of: O
olfactory: O
processing: O
and: O
conditioning.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
double: O
injection: O
cases,: O
the: O
center-to-center: O
separation: O
between: O
AV: O
cochlear: O
nucleus(CN): O
laminae: O
was: O
also: O
approximately: O
twice: O
that: O
in: O
the: O
PV: O
cochlear: O
nucleus(CN): O
and: O
equal: O
to: O
that: O
in: O
the: O
D: O
cochlear: O
nucleus(CN): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
caudomedial: O
region: O
of: O
lateral: O
preglomerular: O
nucleus: O
(PGl): O
and: O
medial: O
zone: O
of: O
medial: O
preglomerular: O
nucleus: O
(PGm),: O
which: O
also: O
receive: O
auditory: O
toral: O
fibers,: O
projected: O
to: O
the: O
same: O
telencephalic: O
regions: O
as: O
did: O
preglomerular: O
nucleus(PGa): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Counts: O
of: O
stained: O
neurons: O
demonstrated: O
a: O
significant: O
increase: O
in: O
the: O
density: O
of: O
SP-positive: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
tractus: O
solitarius: O
(P: O
<: O
0.05): O
and: O
of: O
met-enkephalin-positive: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
medullary: O
reticular: O
formation: O
(P: O
<: O
0.05).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Specifically,: O
visual: O
area: O
3(V3): O
has: O
connections: O
with: O
areas: O
V1: O
and: O
V4: B-Individual_protein
transitional: O
area: O
(V4t): O
that: O
are: O
absent: O
for: O
ventral: O
posterior: O
area(VP): O
;: O
ventral: O
posterior: O
area(VP): O
has: O
connections: O
with: O
areas: O
ventral: O
occipitotemporal: O
area: O
(VOT),: O
dorsal: O
prelunate: O
area: O
(DP),: O
and: O
visually: O
responsive: O
portion: O
of: O
temporal: O
visual: O
area: O
F: O
(VTF): O
that: O
are: O
absent: O
or: O
occur: O
only: O
rarely: O
for: O
visual: O
area: O
3(V3): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
subependymal: O
layer: O
around: O
the: O
anterior: O
lateral: O
ventricle: O
extends: O
into: O
the: O
center: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Rubral: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
sparsely: O
innervate: O
the: O
lateral: O
cerebellar: O
nucleus: O
and: O
project: O
heavily: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lateral: O
cerebellar: O
nucleus: O
receives: O
a: O
contralateral: O
input: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
E17,: O
entorhinal: O
fibers: O
arborized: O
within: O
the: O
stratum: O
lacunosum-moleculare.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
conclude: O
that: O
developing: O
entorhinal: O
and: O
commissural: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
show: O
a: O
high: O
degree: O
of: O
laminar: O
specificity: O
from: O
the: O
earliest: O
stages: O
of: O
formation,: O
which: O
is: O
compatible: O
with: O
the: O
notion: O
that: O
distinct: O
subsets: O
of: O
early: O
maturing: O
neurons: O
populating: O
the: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
plexiform: O
layers: O
may: O
attract: O
particular: O
fiber: O
systems.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus,: O
we: O
tested: O
the: O
hypothesis: O
that: O
LNGFr: O
in: O
the: O
deep: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
is: O
located: O
on: O
NDB: O
axons: O
by: O
making: O
lesions: O
of: O
NDB.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Spinal: O
nerve: O
roots: O
of: O
21-mm: O
larval: O
and: O
adult: O
lampreys,: O
with: O
special: O
reference: O
to: O
the: O
relation: O
of: O
meninges: B-Individual_protein
with: O
the: O
root: O
sheath: O
and: O
the: O
perineurium.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
investigated: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
efferent: O
projections: O
of: O
the: O
macaque: O
monkey: O
retrosplenial: O
and: O
posterior: O
cingulate: O
cortices: O
by: O
using: O
(3)H-amino: O
acids: O
as: O
anterograde: O
tracers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
show: O
that: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
connections: O
are: O
unevenly: O
distributed: O
in: O
SI: B-Individual_protein
and: O
SII.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Hence,: O
representations: O
of: O
body: O
surfaces: O
important: O
in: O
the: O
exploration: O
of: O
the: O
environment: O
are: O
relatively: O
free: O
of: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
connections,: O
whereas: O
representations: O
of: O
midline: O
and: O
more: O
lateral: O
surfaces,: O
less: O
significant: O
in: O
tactile: O
exploration,: O
receive: O
dense: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
connections.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
fibers: O
of: O
the: O
corpus: O
callosum,: O
hippocampal: O
commissure,: O
and,: O
to: O
a: O
lesser: O
extent,: O
the: O
anterior: O
commissure: O
are: O
intimately: O
associated: O
with: O
the: O
ventricular: O
system: O
as: O
they: O
course: O
through: O
the: O
white: O
matter: O
of: O
the: O
temporal: O
lobe.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
each: O
case,: O
the: O
retinotopic: O
distribution: O
of: O
tracer: O
in: O
the: O
pulvinar: B-Individual_protein
was: O
charted: O
by: O
reference: O
to: O
its: O
parallel: O
distribution: O
within: O
the: O
maps: O
of: O
cortical: O
areas: O
V1: O
and: O
V2.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Recent: O
studies: O
have: O
demonstrated: O
that: O
a: O
large: O
number: O
of: O
spinal: O
cord: O
neurons: O
convey: O
somatosensory: O
and: O
visceral: O
nociceptive: O
information: O
directly: O
from: O
cervical,: O
lumbar,: O
and: O
sacral: O
spinal: O
cord: O
segments: O
to: O
the: O
hypothalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Caudal: O
to: O
the: O
obex,: O
most: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
laminae: O
I-II: O
and: O
V: O
and: O
the: O
paratrigeminal: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
fewer: O
neurons: O
in: O
laminae: O
III-IV: O
and: O
X.: O
The: O
distribution: O
of: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
in: O
trigeminal: O
brainstem: O
nuclear: O
complex(TBNC): O
gray: O
matter: O
areas: O
that: O
receive: O
monosynaptic: O
input: O
from: O
trigeminal: O
primary: O
afferent: O
fibers: O
innervating: O
extracranial: O
orofacial: O
structures: O
(such: O
as: O
the: O
cornea,: O
nose,: O
tongue,: O
teeth,: O
lips,: O
vibrissae,: O
and: O
skin): O
and: O
intracranial: O
structures: O
(such: O
as: O
the: O
meninges: B-Individual_protein
and: O
cerebral: O
blood: O
vessels): O
suggests: O
that: O
sensory: O
and: O
nociceptive: O
information: O
originating: O
in: O
these: O
tissues: O
could: O
be: O
transferred: O
to: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
directly: O
by: O
this: O
pathway.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Delayed: O
perfusion: O
fixation: O
also: O
produced: O
more: O
cytoplamic: O
CaMKII: O
clusters: O
(: O
approximately: O
110: O
nm: O
in: O
diameter): O
in: O
the: O
somas: O
of: O
pyramidal: O
cells: O
(from: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
cerebral: O
cortex): O
than: O
in: O
Purkinje: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
neuronal: O
composition: O
of: O
area: O
17: O
of: O
rat: O
visual: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
the: O
caudal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract(NTS): O
may: O
project: O
lightly: O
to: O
the: O
area: O
postrema(AP): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Connection: O
patterns: O
indicate: O
that: O
the: O
proper: O
and: O
the: O
embedded: O
parts: O
of: O
ventroposterior: O
nucleus(VP): O
i: O
combine: O
to: O
form: O
a: O
body: O
representation: O
paralleling: O
that: O
in: O
ventroposterior: O
nucleus(VP): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

anterior: O
pulvinar(AP): O
neurons: O
project: O
to: O
S-I,: O
S-II,: O
and: O
PV: O
in: O
somatotopic: O
patterns.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
location: O
and: O
chemical: O
identity: O
of: O
neurons: O
interconnecting: O
the: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
complex: O
and: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
were: O
analyzed: O
in: O
order: O
to: O
provide: O
further: O
information: O
on: O
the: O
anatomical: O
substrates: O
for: O
the: O
entrainment: O
of: O
circadian: O
rhythms.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
seems: O
likely: O
that: O
in: O
the: O
reptiles: O
studied,: O
in: O
addition: O
to: O
rubrospinal: O
and: O
reticulospinal: O
pathways,: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Edinger-Westphal,: O
the: O
cell: O
group: O
comparable: O
to: O
the: O
mammalian: O
lateral: O
pontine: O
area,: O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus,: O
and: O
subcoeruleus: O
area,: O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract: O
pass: O
via: O
the: O
lateral: O
funiculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Dendritic: O
field: O
size: O
increases: O
from: O
approximately: O
200: O
microns: O
in: O
diameter: O
within: O
2: O
mm: O
of: O
the: O
fovea: B-Individual_protein
to: O
approximately: O
500: O
microns: O
in: O
the: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
periphery.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
examined: O
the: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
lateral: O
superior: O
olive: O
(LSO): O
to: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
(IC): O
in: O
the: O
ferret,: O
with: O
particular: O
interest: O
in: O
the: O
laterality: O
of: O
the: O
projection: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
effects: O
of: O
unilateral: O
cochlear: O
removal: O
in: O
infancy.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
densest: O
innervation: O
was: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
parasubiculum,: B-Individual_protein
subiculum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
entorhinal: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
study: O
identifies: O
for: O
the: O
first: O
time: O
those: O
specific: O
regions: O
of: O
brainstem: O
nuclei: O
providing: O
input: O
to: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
that: O
process: O
FM2: O
information: O
in: O
the: O
mustached: O
bat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

the: O
rostral: O
anterior: O
lobe: O
and: O
the: O
caudal: O
paramedian: O
lobule.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

FTL: O
cells: O
projecting: O
to: O
nucleus: O
parabrachialis(NPB): O
/: O
Kölliker-Fuse: O
nucleus(KF): O
were: O
found: O
to: O
be: O
on: O
discrete: O
longitudinal: O
sheets,: O
running: O
radially: O
with: O
respect: O
to: O
the: O
fourth: O
ventricle.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Its: O
cell: O
body: O
is: O
usually: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
inner: O
half: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
gelatinosa(SG): O
layer: O
and: O
its: O
sinuous: O
dendrites: O
cross: O
the: O
substantia: O
gelatinosa(SG): O
layer: O
and: O
enter: O
the: O
marginal: O
layer.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
neostriatal: B-Individual_protein
injections,: O
light: O
microscopic: O
analysis: O
revealed: O
heavy: O
labelling: O
of: O
the: O
globus: O
pallidus: O
and: O
entopeduncular: O
nucleus,: O
but: O
only: O
background: O
labelling: O
of: O
the: O
subthalamic: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Using: O
immunohistochemistry: O
we: O
demonstrate: O
that: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
maturation: O
anterior: O
to: O
the: O
central: O
zone(CZ): O
/: O
posterior: O
zone(PZ): O
transverse: O
boundary: O
appears: O
to: O
be: O
unaffected: O
by: O
the: O
Lc: O
allele,: O
in: O
that: O
initial: O
progression: O
of: O
Hsp25: O
expression: O
in: O
the: O
Lurcher(Lc/+): O
+: O
cerebellum: B-Individual_protein
was: O
similar: O
to: O
controls.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
inferior: O
pulvinar: O
nucleus: O
in: O
turn: O
projects: O
to: O
area: O
MT,: O
a: O
conspicuous: O
subdivision: O
of: O
the: O
temporal: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
terminal: O
experiment,: O
hand: O
representation: O
in: O
the: O
contralateral: O
somatosensory: O
cortex: O
was: O
electrophysiologically: O
mapped: O
to: O
define: O
hand: O
deafferentation: O
and: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
reactivation: O
further.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
from: O
the: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
nucleus: O
to: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
completion: O
of: O
neuronal: O
migration: O
to: O
form: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex,: O
axons: O
undergo: O
rapid: O
elongation: O
to: O
their: O
intra-: O
and: O
subcortical: O
targets,: O
from: O
midgestation: O
through: O
infancy.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
small: O
population: O
of: O
mainly: O
medium-sized: O
and: O
large: O
ganglion: O
cells: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
deep: O
stratum: O
griseum: O
superficiale: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
stratum: O
opticum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Our: O
results: O
demonstrate: O
that: O
the: O
majority: O
of: O
Neuroglobin(Ngb): O
-expressing: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCN): O
belong: O
to: O
a: O
cell: O
group: O
not: O
previously: O
characterized: O
by: O
neurotransmitter: O
content;: O
only: O
a: O
small: O
portion: O
was: O
found: O
to: O
co-store: O
GRP: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCN): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord,: O
afferent: O
labeling: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
columns: O
and: O
Lissauer's: O
tract: O
extended: O
from: O
S3: B-Individual_protein
to: O
at: O
least: O
L1.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

CTB: O
injections: O
into: O
the: O
superficial: O
laminae: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus(SC): O
showed: O
that: O
GABAergic: O
and: O
non-GABAergic: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract(NOT): O
project: O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus(SC): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cerebellum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
zone: O
of: O
periventricular: O
hypothalamus: O
exhibited: O
the: O
highest: O
density: O
of: O
[(3)H]CGP-12177: O
binding: O
sites: O
and: O
beta(2)-AR: O
immunoreactivity.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Our: O
results: O
showed: O
that: O
neurons: O
from: O
ventral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body(VNTB): O
project: O
bilaterally: O
and: O
directly: O
to: O
cochlear: O
root: O
neurons(CRNs): O
,: O
giving: O
off: O
numerous: O
endings: O
onto: O
cell: O
bodies: O
and: O
preferentially: O
dendrites: O
of: O
cochlear: O
root: O
neurons(CRNs): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
does,: O
however,: O
receive: O
relatively: O
strong: O
inputs: O
from: O
auditory: O
association: O
areas: O
on: O
the: O
convexity: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal: O
gyrus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
distribution: O
of: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
basal: O
telencephalon,: O
the: O
diencephalon,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
that: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
hippocampal: O
formation: O
has: O
been: O
analyzed: O
in: O
mature: O
cynomolgus: O
monkeys: O
(Macaca: O
fascicularis): O
by: O
the: O
injection: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
into: O
different: O
rostro-caudal: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampal: O
formation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
to: O
four: O
monocular: O
visual: O
areas--lateral: O
posterior: O
nucleus,: O
dorsal: O
terminal: O
nucleus,: O
lateral: O
terminal: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract--are: O
established: O
later: O
than: O
binocular: O
visual: O
areas,: O
except: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
the: O
pattern: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
these: O
degenerated: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(dLGN): O
differs: O
depending: O
upon: O
whether: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
lesion: O
is: O
incurred: O
early: O
in: O
postnatal: O
life: O
or: O
in: O
adulthood.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Comparison: O
of: O
ganglion: O
cell: O
topography: O
with: O
the: O
visual: O
field: O
representation: O
in: O
V1: B-Individual_protein
reveals: O
similarities: O
consistent: O
with: O
the: O
idea: O
that: O
cortical: O
magnification: O
is: O
proportional: O
to: O
ganglion: O
cell: O
density: O
throughout: O
the: O
visual: O
field.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Lesions: O
at: O
various: O
loci: O
in: O
the: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
resulted: O
in: O
differential: O
patterns: O
of: O
ChAT: O
loss: O
in: O
the: O
cortex,: B-Individual_protein
which: O
suggests: O
some: O
degree: O
of: O
topographical: O
organization: O
of: O
Ch4: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
mantle.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Microstimulation: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nucleus: O
on: O
either: O
side: O
elicits: O
monosynaptic: O
inhibitory: O
responses: O
in: O
reticulospinal: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
while: O
stimulation: O
of: O
octavolateralis: O
and: O
octavomotorius: O
nuclei: O
elicits: O
excitation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
tritiated: O
leucine: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
sagulum: O
labeled: O
axons: O
that: O
ended: O
in: O
dense: O
patches: O
within: O
the: O
superficial: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
caudal: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cortex: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
on: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
side.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Topography: O
of: O
terminal: O
fields: O
in: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
pons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Frontal: O
eye: O
field: O
(FEF): O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
pons: B-Individual_protein
were: O
studied: O
in: O
nine: O
macaque: O
monkeys: O
that: O
were: O
used: O
to: O
study: O
Frontal: O
eye: O
field(FEF): O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
(Stanton: O
et: O
al.:: O
J.: O
Comp.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
striatal: B-Individual_protein
output: O
appears: O
to: O
remain: O
segregated: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
striatal: O
efferent: O
projections: O
to: O
pallidal: O
structures.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Very: O
anterior: O
cortex,: O
overlapping: O
previously: O
identified: O
tonotopic: O
auditory: O
areas: O
(AI,: O
P: O
and: O
VP): O
receives: O
a: O
dense: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
laminated: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
body: O
(MGl).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

From: O
the: O
hypothalamic: B-Individual_protein
magnocellular: O
nucleus,: O
cocaine-: O
and: O
amphetamine-regulated: O
transcript: O
peptide(CARTp): O
-containing: O
axons: O
run: O
to: O
the: O
neurohemal: O
median: O
eminence,: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
neural: O
pituitary: O
lobe: O
to: O
form: O
neurohemal: O
terminals,: O
as: O
shown: O
by: O
immunoelectron: O
microscopy.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Starvation: O
increases: O
the: O
number: O
of: O
cocaine-: O
and: O
amphetamine-regulated: O
transcript: O
peptide(CARTp): O
-cells: O
in: O
the: O
optic: O
tectum: O
by: O
46%: O
but: O
has: O
no: O
effect: O
on: O
such: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
torus: O
semicircularis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
both: O
species: O
the: O
largest: O
source: O
of: O
afferents: O
to: O
the: O
abducens: O
nucleus: O
was: O
bilateral: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
vestibular: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
rostral: O
pole: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
vestibular: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
found: O
the: O
presence: O
of: O
cells: O
expressing: O
molecular: O
markers: O
of: O
neural: O
and: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
progenitors: O
in: O
the: O
nonlaminated: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
margin: O
and: O
ciliary: O
body: O
pars: O
plana: O
of: O
mature: O
primates.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast,: O
the: O
rostrodorsal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
septum,: O
the: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis,: O
the: O
anterior: O
and: O
posterior: O
hypothalamic: O
areas,: O
and: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
hypothalamic: O
nucleus: O
project: O
more: O
heavily: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
than: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
sexually: O
dimorphic: O
area(SDA): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Shaft: O
connectors: O
extend: O
all: O
the: O
way: O
to: O
the: O
tips: O
of: O
extrastriolar: O
hair: O
cell: O
bundles,: O
but: O
extend: O
only: O
a: O
short: O
way: O
up: O
the: O
bundles: O
of: O
hair: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
basilar: O
papilla: O
and: O
striolar: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
lagenar: O
macula.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Only: O
two: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract(NST): O
neurons: O
possessed: O
axons: O
that: O
terminated: O
in: O
the: O
subjacent: O
dorsal: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
vagus(DMNV): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Fourteen: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
vagus(DMNV): O
neurons: O
appeared: O
to: O
contribute: O
to: O
the: O
vagus: O
nerve: O
and: O
15: O
extended: O
dendrites: O
into: O
the: O
overlying: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract(NST): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
dorsal: O
vagal: O
complex: O
(DVC): O
is: O
the: O
primary: O
hindbrain: O
site: O
of: O
vagal: O
control: O
of: O
the: O
gastrointestinal: O
tract,: O
and: O
yet: O
the: O
subnuclear: O
distribution: O
of: O
NO: O
and: O
its: O
physiological: O
effects: O
have: O
not: O
been: O
analyzed: O
in: O
this: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neuropeptide: O
Y-immunoreactive: O
nerves: O
were: O
observed: O
at: O
all: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord,: O
being: O
most: O
concentrated: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
horn.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Forebrain: O
regions: O
that: O
contained: O
Fos-stained: O
nuclei: O
at: O
earlier: O
time: O
points,: O
but: O
not: O
at: O
6: O
hours,: O
included: O
the: O
supraoptic: O
nucleus,: O
magnocellular: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
subfornical: O
organ,: O
and: O
the: O
organum: O
vasculosum: O
of: O
the: O
lamina: O
terminalis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
retrograde: O
transport: O
of: O
Fluorogold: O
revealed: O
a: O
remarkably: O
precise: O
topography: O
of: O
the: O
rostral: O
reticular: O
nucleus(Rt): O
:: O
different: O
reticular: O
areas: O
were: O
found: O
to: O
project: O
to: O
different: O
thalamic: O
nuclei,: O
or: O
to: O
different: O
rostrocaudal: O
or: O
mediolateral: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
same: O
thalamic: O
nucleus,: O
with: O
a: O
limited: O
degree: O
of: O
overlap.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

All: O
of: O
area: O
13: O
also: O
sends: O
efferents: O
to: O
the: O
anterior: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
nucleus,: O
while: O
the: O
anterior: O
half: O
of: O
area: O
13: O
sends: O
an: O
additional: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
initial: O
sequence: O
in: O
this: O
sensorilimbic: O
system: O
consists: O
of: O
one: O
or: O
more: O
modality-specific: O
corticocortical: O
relays: O
that: O
originate: O
in: O
the: O
primary: O
sensory: O
cortices: O
and: O
terminate: O
in: O
one: O
of: O
four: O
topographically: O
adjacent,: O
modality-specific: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
insular: O
and: O
temporal: O
cortices.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Retrograde: O
labeling: O
from: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus(IC): O
of: O
fibers: O
projected: O
from: O
the: O
medullary: O
auditory: O
nuclei,: O
first: O
observed: O
on: O
day: O
36,: O
became: O
progressively: O
denser: O
during: O
pouch: O
life.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
following: O
conclusions: O
were: O
drawn:: O
1): O
the: O
rostral: O
branch(R.Br): O
,: O
containing: O
only: O
afferent: O
fibers: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
lateral: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract: O
(NST),: O
extends: O
between: O
slightly: O
below: O
the: O
obex: O
and: O
the: O
region: O
approximately: O
0.6: O
mm: O
rostral: O
from: O
the: O
obex,: O
and: O
it: O
corresponds: O
to: O
the: O
interstitial: O
subnucleus: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract(NST): O
;: O
2): O
the: O
middle: O
branch(M.Br): O
,: O
innervating: O
the: O
cricothyroid: O
muscle,: O
contains: O
only: O
efferent: O
fibers: O
originating: O
ipsilaterally: O
from: O
the: O
motoneurons: O
localized: O
within: O
the: O
ambiguus: O
nucleus: O
(Amb): O
and: O
in: O
the: O
area: O
ventrolateral: O
to: O
the: O
ambiguus: O
nucleus(Amb): O
;: O
and: O
3): O
the: O
caudal: O
branch(C.Br): O
,: O
which: O
innervates: O
the: O
inferior: O
pharyngeal: O
constrictor: O
muscle,: O
contains: O
both: O
efferent: O
and: O
afferent: O
fibers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Relationship: O
of: O
complex: O
spike: O
synchrony: O
bands: O
and: O
climbing: O
fiber: O
projection: O
determined: O
by: O
reference: O
to: O
aldolase: O
C: O
compartments: O
in: O
crus: O
IIa: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
cerebellar: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

On: O
the: O
other: O
hand,: O
each: O
aldolase: O
C: O
compartment: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
crus: O
IIa: O
was: O
innervated: O
by: O
a: O
region: O
in: O
a: O
different: O
subnucleus: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
inferior: O
olive.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Androgen: O
receptor: O
(AR): O
and: O
FluoroGold: O
(FG): O
double: O
labeling: O
was: O
revealed: O
throughout: O
the: O
limbic: O
forebrain,: O
including: O
scattered: O
numbers: O
of: O
cells: O
within: O
the: O
anterior: O
and: O
posterior: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
the: O
bed: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis;: O
the: O
medial: O
zone: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
including: O
large: O
numbers: O
of: O
Androgen: O
receptor(AR): O
-: O
FluoroGold(FG): O
-positive: O
cells: O
within: O
the: O
anteroventral: O
periventricular: O
and: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
cell: O
groups.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

to: O
characterize: O
the: O
morphology: O
of: O
lumbar: O
commissural: O
neurons: O
(CNs): O
with: O
reticulospinal: B-Individual_protein
inputs: O
and: O
2).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ventral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
cortex: O
projects: O
mainly: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral,: O
posterior: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
ventricular: O
ridge: O
and: O
the: O
external: O
amygdaloid: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
results: O
are: O
consistent: O
with: O
a: O
requirement: O
of: O
dopamine: O
terminals: O
(presynaptic: O
kappa: O
receptors): O
for: O
the: O
inhibitory: O
action: O
of: O
dynorphin: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal/lateral: O
striatum,: B-Individual_protein
but: O
not: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
striatum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cytoarchitectonic: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
frontal: O
cortex: O
of: O
the: O
marmoset: O
monkey: O
(Callithrix: O
jacchus),: O
and: O
their: O
projections: O
to: O
dorsal: O
visual: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

All: O
subcortical: O
terminal: O
labeling: O
is: O
ipsilateral: O
in: O
the: O
basal: O
ganglia: O
and: O
thalamic: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
correlation: O
of: O
the: O
injection: O
sites: O
in: O
Oc: O
1: O
and: O
terminal: O
fields: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract(NOT): O
reveals: O
a: O
loose: O
topographic: O
organization: O
in: O
the: O
cortico-: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract(NOT): O
projection;: O
accordingly,: O
the: O
rostrocaudal: O
axis: O
of: O
the: O
striate: O
cortex: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
lateromedial: O
axis: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract(NOT): O
,: O
with: O
a: O
90: O
degrees: O
rotation,: O
whereas: O
lateral: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
striate: O
cortex: O
project: O
diffusely: O
throughout: O
the: O
rostrocaudal: O
extent: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract(NOT): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
macaque: O
red: O
nucleus: O
receives: O
afferents: O
from: O
two: O
major: O
sources,: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
and: O
the: O
deep: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Inhibin: O
beta,: O
somatostatin,: O
and: O
enkephalin: O
immunoreactivities: O
coexist: O
in: O
caudal: O
medullary: O
neurons: O
that: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
dorsal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
cingulate: O
area: O
(ACd): O
seemed: O
to: O
be: O
connectionally: O
intermediate: O
between: O
the: O
adjacent: O
areas: O
precentral: O
medial: O
area(PrCm): O
and: O
prelimbic(PL): B-Individual_protein
;: O
it: O
receives: O
neither: O
the: O
somatosensory: O
inputs: O
characteristic: O
of: O
area: O
precentral: O
medial: O
area(PrCm): O
nor: O
the: O
afferents: O
characteristic: O
of: O
areas: O
prelimbic(PL): O
and: O
infralimbic(IL): O
,: O
with: O
the: O
exception: O
of: O
the: O
afferents: O
from: O
the: O
caudal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
retrosplenial: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
comparison: O
of: O
the: O
pattern: O
of: O
afferent: O
and: O
efferent: O
connections: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
medial: O
frontal: O
cortex(MFC): O
with: O
the: O
pattern: O
of: O
macaque: O
prefrontal: O
cortex: O
suggests: O
that: O
precentral: O
medial: O
area(PrCm): O
and: O
ACd: O
areas: O
share: O
some: O
properties: O
with: O
the: O
macaque: O
premotor: O
cortex,: O
whereas: O
prelimbic(PL): B-Individual_protein
and: O
infralimbic(IL): O
areas: O
may: O
have: O
characteristics: O
in: O
common: O
with: O
the: O
cingulate: O
or: O
with: O
medial: O
areas: O
24,: O
25,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
32: B-Individual_protein
and: O
with: O
orbital: O
areas: O
12,: O
13,: O
and: O
14: O
of: O
macaques.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
show: O
that,: O
while: O
the: O
major: O
projection: O
pathways: O
from: O
the: O
anteroventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus(AVCN): O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
olivary: O
complex(SOC): O
are: O
in: O
place: O
at: O
the: O
time: O
of: O
birth,: O
further: O
and: O
subtle: O
development: O
of: O
anteroventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus(AVCN): O
terminal: O
arbors: O
occurs: O
during: O
the: O
first: O
postnatal: O
week.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
injection: O
into: O
the: O
lateral: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
striatum,: O
few: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
are: O
seen: O
scattered: O
in: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
intralaminar: O
and: O
ventral: O
thalamic: O
groups: O
and: O
occasional: O
labeled: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
shell: O
is: O
distinguished: O
from: O
the: O
rest: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
striatum: O
in: O
that: O
it: O
receives: O
the: O
fewest: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
ventral,: O
anterior,: O
medial,: O
and: O
lateral: O
thalamic: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Beyond: O
the: O
cortex,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
main: O
axon: O
has: O
no: O
collateral: O
branches,: O
except: O
for: O
a: O
single: O
laterally: O
directed: O
branch: O
in: O
the: O
neostriatum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Some: O
lesions: O
in: O
addition: O
transected: O
the: O
main: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
mossy: O
fibers: O
en: O
route: O
from: O
the: O
dentate: B-Individual_protein
granule: O
cells: O
to: O
the: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
pyramidal: O
cells: O
in: O
regio: O
inferior: O
(CA3).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Of: O
20: O
neurons: O
stained,: O
7: O
and: O
13: O
were: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
subnucleus: O
(Vpd): O
and: O
ventrolateral: O
subnucleus: O
(Vpv): O
of: O
Vp,: O
respectively.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Fibers: O
from: O
the: O
fastigial: O
nucleus: O
decussated: O
within: O
the: O
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
formed: O
the: O
crossed: O
ascending: O
limb: O
of: O
the: O
uncinate: O
fasciculus,: O
ascended: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
midbrain: O
tegmentum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
entered: O
the: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Cerebellothalamic: O
fibers: O
from: O
the: O
interpositus: O
and: O
dentate: O
nuclei: O
coursed: O
in: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
brachium: O
conjunctivum,: O
decussated: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
midbrain,: O
and: O
ascended: O
to: O
the: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
via: O
the: O
crossed: O
ascending: O
limb: O
of: O
the: O
brachium: O
conjunctivum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
prominent: O
recrossing: O
of: O
cerebellothalamic: O
fibers: O
from: O
the: O
fastigial,: O
posterior: O
interpositus,: O
and: O
dentate: O
nuclei: O
occurred: O
through: O
the: O
central: O
medial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
internal: O
medullary: O
lamina.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
neurons: O
in: O
VPL: O
are: O
aligned: O
in: O
rostrocaudal: O
and: O
dorsoventral: O
rows: O
that: O
are: O
roughly: O
parallel: O
to: O
the: O
curvature: O
of: O
the: O
external: O
medullary: O
lamina: O
(EML): O
and: O
curve: O
partially: O
around: O
the: O
rostral: O
pole: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
posteromedial: O
nucleus: O
(VPM).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Postnatal: O
development: O
of: O
the: O
serotonin: O
innervation: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
dentate: O
gyrus: O
following: O
raphe: O
implants.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Each: O
rostrocaudal: O
sector: O
of: O
area: O
TPO: O
also: O
has: O
reciprocal: O
connections: O
with: O
the: O
laterally: O
adjacent: O
area: O
TAa,: O
at: O
the: O
upper: O
rim: O
of: O
the: O
sulcus,: O
and: O
medially: O
adjacent: O
areas: O
PGa: O
and: O
IPa,: O
near: O
the: O
depth.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Relationship: O
of: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
basal: O
forebrain: O
projection: O
neurons: O
to: O
the: O
peptidergic: O
innervation: O
of: O
the: O
midline: O
thalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
area: O
was: O
designated: O
as: O
the: O
Z-portion: O
because: O
in: O
the: O
coronal: O
section: O
it: O
appears: O
like: O
the: O
letter: O
"Z.": O
Retrogradely: O
labeled: O
inferior: O
olive(IO): O
neurons: O
were: O
also: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
Z-portion: O
when: O
HRP: O
was: O
injected: O
into: O
the: O
oculomotor: O
vermis,: O
indicating: O
that: O
neurons: O
in: O
this: O
portion: O
project: O
to: O
both: O
the: O
fastigial: O
and: O
vermal: O
oculomotor: O
regions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Additional: O
neurons: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
middle: O
nucleus: O
tractus: O
solitarii(NTS): O
were: O
found: O
to: O
project: O
exclusively: O
to: O
the: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
nucleus: O
pars: O
caudalis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Differential: O
innervation: O
patterns: O
of: O
three: O
divisions: O
of: O
frog: O
auditory: O
midbrain: O
(torus: O
semicircularis).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast,: O
the: O
laminar: O
nucleus,: O
but: O
even: O
more: O
markedly: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
nucleus,: O
received: O
extensive: O
descending: O
inputs: O
from: O
numerous: O
structures: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
thalamus: O
and: O
less: O
pronounced: O
ascending: O
afferents: O
from: O
caudal: O
brainstem: O
auditory: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
principal: O
nucleus: O
gave: O
restricted: O
ascending: O
projections,: O
limited: O
mainly: O
to: O
the: O
caudal: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
posterior: O
thalamic: O
nucleus,: O
a: O
region: O
important: O
in: O
processing: O
spectral: O
information: O
of: O
complex: O
sounds,: O
and: O
the: O
pretectal: O
gray.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Perirhinal: O
cortex: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
amygdaloid: O
complex: O
and: O
hippocampal: O
formation: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

after: O
facial: O
nerve: O
transection,: O
they: O
labeled: O
activated,: O
perineuronal: O
microglia: O
in: O
the: O
operated: O
facial: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

They: O
extended: O
to: O
all: O
laminae: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
except: O
for: O
the: O
lamina: O
2: O
(substantia: O
gelatinosa): O
during: O
postnatal: O
development.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
midbrain,: B-Individual_protein
5-HTi: O
cells: O
were: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
raphes: O
superior: O
and: O
the: O
lateral: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
superior.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
was: O
concluded: O
that: O
in: O
macaque: O
monkeys,: O
just: O
as: O
in: O
the: O
cat,: O
a: O
geniculoprestriate: O
projection: O
system: O
exists;: O
it: O
was: O
suggested: O
that: O
there: O
are: O
two: O
parallel: O
system: O
of: O
visual: O
information: O
processing: O
from: O
the: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(LGN): O
to: O
the: O
prestriate: O
cortex,: O
a: O
direct: O
one: O
and: O
in: O
indirect: O
one: O
through: O
the: O
striate: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
findings: O
indicate: O
that,: O
although: O
very: O
similar: O
to: O
those: O
described: O
in: O
other: O
mammals,: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb(OB): O
efferent: O
connections: O
in: O
the: O
opossum: O
present: O
some: O
peculiarities;: O
namely,: O
the: O
existence: O
of: O
dense: O
terminal: O
fields: O
in: O
the: O
sulcal: O
cortex: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
district: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
amygdaloid: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Common: O
long: O
descending: O
projections: O
extended: O
the: O
full: O
length: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
terminating: O
in: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
ventral: O
horn: O
and: O
intermediate: O
zone: O
and: O
more: O
sparsely: O
in: O
the: O
base: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
and: O
(particularly: O
from: O
reticularis: O
gigantocellularis(Rgc): O
): O
the: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
motoneurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Brainstem: B-Individual_protein
and: O
spinal: O
cord: O
sections: O
were: O
processed: O
for: O
tracers: O
transported: O
by: O
cutaneous: O
afferents: O
to: O
terminations: O
in: O
the: O
gracile: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Organization: O
of: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
to: O
anterior: O
dorsal: O
ventricular: O
ridge: O
in: O
turtles.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Afferents: O
from: O
the: O
lateral: O
habenula: O
and: O
contralateral: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
represent: O
extensions: O
of: O
more: O
traditional: O
basal: O
ganglion: O
circuitry: O
which: O
further: O
delineate: O
the: O
midbrain: O
extrapyramidal: O
area(MEA): O
from: O
the: O
pedunculopontine: O
tegmental: O
nucleus(PPT): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

MD: O
pars: O
paramediana: O
is: O
more: O
heavily: O
interconnected: O
with: O
the: O
caudal: O
and: O
medial: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
orbital: O
region,: O
particularly: O
the: O
agranular: O
insular: O
areas: O
and: O
the: O
caudal: O
parts: O
of: O
areas: O
13: O
and: O
14.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
edge: O
where: O
the: O
two: O
wings: O
intersect: O
delimits: O
the: O
lateral: O
border: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
with: O
the: O
external: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
cat: O
vagal: O
afferent: O
fibers: O
are: O
known: O
to: O
enter: O
the: O
medulla: B-Individual_protein
at: O
levels: O
between: O
0.5: O
mm: O
and: O
3.2: O
mm: O
rostral: O
to: O
the: O
obex: O
(Kalia: O
and: O
Mesulam,: B-Individual_protein
'80a).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
most: O
of: O
the: O
injections: O
led: O
to: O
heavier: O
fiber: O
and: O
terminal: O
labeling: O
in: O
the: O
superficial: O
layers: O
of: O
area: O
TE,: O
the: O
most: O
dorsal: O
injections: O
in: O
the: O
basal: O
nucleus: O
produced: O
denser: O
labeled: O
fibers: O
and: O
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
deep: O
layers: O
of: O
area: O
TE.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Area: O
V1: O
received: O
projections: O
primarily: O
from: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
these: O
terminated: O
exclusively: O
in: O
the: O
superficial: O
layers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP): O
and: O
amino: O
acid: O
autoradiography: O
were: O
used: O
in: O
pigeon: O
to: O
determine: O
the: O
trajectories: O
and: O
projection: O
patterns: O
of: O
neurons: O
within: O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus: O
and: O
subcoeruleus: O
nuclei: O
upon: O
the: O
cerebral: O
hemispheres.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Zebrin: O
II-negative: O
Purkinje: O
cells: O
are: O
present: O
in: O
a: O
continuous: O
region: O
encompassing: O
the: O
rostromedial: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
valvula,: O
the: O
lobus: O
transitorius,: O
lobe: O
C1: O
and: O
the: O
ventral: O
part: O
of: O
lobe: O
C2,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
in: O
a: O
small,: O
lateral: O
zone: O
of: O
the: O
posterior: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
caudal: O
lobe.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

medial: O
vestibulospinal: O
tract(MVST): O
axons: O
ran: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
funiculus: O
and: O
gave: O
rise: O
to: O
multiple: O
axon: O
collaterals: O
to: O
the: O
upper: O
cervical: O
gray: O
matter: O
at: O
different: O
segments.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
field: O
of: O
neurons: O
extended: O
into: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus,: O
arcuate: O
nucleus: O
and: O
tuberal: O
areas: O
surrounding: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Large: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
telencephalon: B-Individual_protein
including: O
the: O
hyperstriatum: O
accessorium,: O
most: O
of: O
the: O
hyperstriatum: O
ventrale,: O
much: O
of: O
the: O
archistriatum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
much: O
of: O
the: O
neostriatum: B-Individual_protein
do: O
not: O
receive: O
projections: O
from: O
area: O
ventralis: O
of: O
Tsai(AVT): O
or: O
tegmenti: O
pedunculopontinus: O
pars: O
compacta(TPc): O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

An: O
earlier: O
paper: O
(Balaban: O
and: O
Ulinski,: O
'81): O
demonstrated: O
that: O
this: O
projections: O
is: O
restricted: O
to: O
zone: O
4: O
of: O
dorsal: O
area: O
of: O
anterior: O
dorsal: O
ventricular: O
ridge(ADVR): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
used: O
bilateral: O
retrograde: O
tracing: O
to: O
determine: O
the: O
source: O
of: O
olivocerebellar: O
afferents: O
to: O
posterior: O
vermis: O
lobules: O
VII-VIII: O
in: O
a: O
model: O
of: O
retained: O
immature: O
Purkinje: O
cell: O
polyinnervation,: O
the: O
granuloprival: O
cerebellum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Efferent: O
projections: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
ventricular: O
ridge: O
and: O
the: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
Tegu: O
lizard.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus: O
the: O
anterior: O
dorsal: O
ventricular: O
ridge(DVR): O
projects: O
ipsilaterally: O
to: O
nuclei: O
sphericus: O
and: O
lateralis: O
amygdalae,: O
striatum: O
(ipsilateral: O
and: O
contralateral): O
ventromedial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: O
nucleus: O
accumbens,: O
anterior: O
olfactory: O
nucleus,: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
olfactory: O
tract: O
and: O
lateral: O
pallium.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Posterior: O
dorsal: O
ventricular: O
ridge(DVR): O
projections: O
enter: O
ipsilateral: O
anterior: O
olfactory: O
nucleus,: O
lateral: O
and: O
interstitial: O
amygdalar: O
nuclei,: O
olfactory: O
tubercle: O
and: O
bulb,: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
olfactory: O
tract: O
and: O
a: O
zone: O
surrounding: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
hypothalamic: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Distribution: O
of: O
the: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
-labeled: O
cells: O
was: O
not: O
confined: O
to: O
one: O
area,: O
but: O
these: O
cells: O
were: O
found: O
within: O
the: O
nucleus: O
dorsalis,: O
the: O
reticular: O
formation: O
surrounding: O
the: O
nucleus: O
ambiguus: O
and: O
an: O
intermediary: O
zone: O
between: O
the: O
two: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
systematic: O
representation: O
of: O
the: O
body,: O
termed: O
the: O
"ventral: O
somatic": O
area,: O
VS,: B-Individual_protein
was: O
found: O
extending: O
laterally: O
from: O
S-II: B-Individual_protein
on: O
the: O
lower: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
sulcus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ultrastructural: O
organization: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
terminals: O
within: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract: O
of: O
rabbits: O
was: O
investigated: O
with: O
a: O
combination: O
of: O
anterograde: O
tracing: O
and: O
immunocytochemistry.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
contralateral: O
descending: O
pathway: O
(: O
brachium: O
conjunctivum(B.C.): O
de): O
roceeds: O
caudally: O
from: O
the: O
decussation: O
of: O
the: O
brachium: O
conjunctivum(B.C.): O
within: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
reticular: O
formation: O
of: O
the: O
pons: B-Individual_protein
and: O
medulla.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
clusters: O
of: O
both: O
the: O
ventralis: O
posterolarteralis: O
pars: O
medialis(VPLm): O
neurons: O
and: O
cuneate: O
terminations: O
within: O
ventralis: O
posterolarteralis: O
pars: O
medialis(VPLm): O
provides: O
an: O
anatomical: O
basis: O
for: O
the: O
functional: O
characteristics: O
of: O
synaptic: O
security,: O
fine: O
grain: O
somatotopia: O
and: O
modality: O
specificity: O
so: O
prominent: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nuclei-medial: O
lemniscal: B-Individual_protein
system.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
brainstem,: B-Individual_protein
labeled: O
cells: O
were: O
found: O
bilaterally: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
midbrain,: O
the: O
central: O
gray,: O
the: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
the: O
parabrachial: O
nuclei,: O
the: O
raphe: O
nuclei,: O
the: O
laterodorsal: O
tegmental: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurons: O
were: O
unstained: O
in: O
the: O
forebrain,: B-Individual_protein
although: O
small: O
numbers: O
of: O
large: O
reticular: O
and: O
motor: O
neurons: O
were: O
faintly: O
to: O
moderately: O
stained: O
in: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
and: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
Golgi: O
impregnation: O
method: O
revealed: O
that: O
in: O
wildtype: O
mice: O
more: O
than: O
90%: O
of: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
CA1: O
pyramidal: O
neurons: O
extended: O
a: O
single: O
trunk: O
or: O
apical: O
trunks: O
bifurcated: O
in: O
stratum: O
radiatum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Lesion: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
acoustic: O
stria: O
caused: O
a: O
substantial: O
decrement: O
of: O
spontaneous: O
activity(SA): O
in: O
the: O
contralateral: O
inferior: O
colliculus(ICc): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

From: O
the: O
medial: O
frontal: O
cortex: O
the: O
central: O
amygdaloid: O
nucleus: O
(AC): O
receives: O
a: O
hitherto: O
undescribed: O
projection: O
originating: O
in: O
the: O
tenia: O
tecta;: O
and: O
both: O
the: O
amygdaloid: O
nucleus(AC): O
and: O
the: O
lateral: O
amygdaloid: O
nucleus: O
(AL): O
receive: O
fibers: O
from: O
the: O
prelimbic: O
and: O
infralimbic: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurons: O
in: O
the: O
spinal: O
trigeminal: O
nuclei: O
project: O
predominantly: O
to: O
the: O
Kölliker-Fuse(KF): O
and: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
external: O
lateral: O
parabrachial(PB): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Organization: O
of: O
the: O
efferent: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
spinal: O
cervical: O
enlargement: O
to: O
the: O
parabrachial: O
area: O
and: O
periaqueductal: O
gray:: O
a: O
PHA-L: O
study: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
organization: O
of: O
efferent: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
spinal: O
cervical: O
enlargement: O
to: O
the: O
parabrachial: O
(PB): O
area: O
and: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
(PAG): O
was: O
studied: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
by: O
using: O
microinjections: O
of: O
Phaseolus: O
vulgaris-leucoagglutinin: O
(PHA-L): O
into: O
different: O
laminae: O
around: O
the: O
C7: O
level.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Studies: O
of: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
in: O
striate: O
cortex: O
show: O
that: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
is: O
involved: O
in: O
the: O
development: O
of: O
topographical: O
connections.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Moreover,: O
they: O
suggest: O
that: O
development: O
of: O
retinotopically: O
matched: O
callosal: O
linkages: O
depends: O
critically: O
on: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
influences: O
during: O
a: O
brief: O
period: O
between: O
P4: O
and: O
P6,: O
when: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
connections: O
are: O
still: O
very: O
immature.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
cholera: O
toxin: O
subunit: O
B(ChB): O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
hypothalamic: O
nucleus,: O
not: O
involving: O
the: O
underlying: O
subparaventricular: O
area,: O
gave: O
rise: O
to: O
a: O
population: O
of: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCN): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Pre-PDYN: O
message: O
is: O
especially: O
abundant: O
in: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
tuberal: O
and: O
mammillary: O
regions,: O
with: O
a: O
distinct: O
population: O
of: O
labeled: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
premammillary: O
nucleus: O
and: O
dorsal: O
posterior: O
hypothalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Therefore,: O
the: O
two: O
types: O
of: O
glomerulosum: O
pars: O
rotunda(GR): O
cells: O
appear: O
to: O
constitute: O
parallel: O
pathways: O
from: O
the: O
pretectum: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
inferior: O
lobe.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Three: O
polysensory: O
vestibular: O
areas: O
were: O
found: O
to: O
have: O
a: O
substantial: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
vestibular: O
nuclei:: O
area: O
2v: O
located: O
at: O
the: O
tip: O
of: O
the: O
intraparietal: O
sulcus,: O
the: O
parietoinsular: O
vestibular: O
cortex: O
(PIVC): O
covering: O
the: O
most: O
occipital: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
granular: O
insula: O
(Ig): O
and: O
the: O
retroinsular: O
area: O
(Ri: O
or: O
reipt),: O
and: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
somatosensory: O
area: O
3a: O
("area: O
3aV": O
neck/trunk: O
region).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Vestibular: O
nuclei: O
with: O
a: O
dominant: O
output: O
to: O
the: O
gaze: O
motor: O
system: O
of: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
receive: O
efferent: O
connections: O
preferably: O
from: O
the: O
parietoinsular: O
vestibular: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
results: O
suggest: O
that: O
the: O
submedius(Sm): O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
receives: O
its: O
orofacial: O
afferent: O
inputs: O
from: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
that: O
are: O
localized: O
to: O
the: O
caudal: O
interpolaris: O
and: O
rostral: O
caudalis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
telencephalon,: B-Individual_protein
they: O
are: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
telencephalon: O
(except: O
its: O
lateral: O
part): O
but: O
are: O
most: O
abundant: O
in: O
the: O
subpallial: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
involving: O
the: O
frontal: O
eye: O
fields: O
(FEF): O
labelled: O
the: O
interstitial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Cajal(INC): O
bilaterally,: O
but: O
ipsilateral: O
terminations: O
were: O
densest.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus,: O
the: O
lateral: O
pallium: O
and: O
the: O
dorsal: O
pallium: O
together: O
appear: O
to: O
constitute: O
an: O
olfactory: O
pallium: O
in: O
lungfishes.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast: O
to: O
the: O
restricted: O
receptive: O
field: O
(RF): O
properties: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
posteromedial: O
nucleus: O
(VPM),: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
thalamus: O
zona: O
incerta: O
(ZI): O
have: O
been: O
shown: O
to: O
exhibit: O
multiwhisker: O
responses: O
that: O
vary: O
from: O
the: O
ventral: O
(: O
zona: O
incerta(ZI): O
v): O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
(: O
zona: O
incerta(ZI): O
d): O
subdivision.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Laminar: O
and: O
cellular: O
targets: O
of: O
individual: O
thalamic: O
reticular: O
nucleus: O
axons: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
prosimian: O
primate: O
Galago.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

barosensitive: O
bulbospinal(BSBS): O
rostral: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla(RVLM): O
neurons: O
most: O
likely: O
provide: O
a: O
major: O
enkephalinergic(ENK): O
input: O
to: O
sympathetic: O
preganglionic: O
neurons: O
and: O
preproenkephalin(PPE): O
mRNA: O
is: O
the: O
first: O
identified: O
positive: O
phenotype: O
of: O
the: O
non-C1: O
barosensitive: O
bulbospinal(BSBS): O
rostral: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla(RVLM): O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lobula: O
plate: O
itself: O
is: O
supplied: O
by: O
two: O
major: O
parallel: O
retinotopic: O
pathways: O
from: O
the: O
medulla:: B-Individual_protein
small-field,: O
magnocellular: O
afferents: O
that: O
are: O
implicated: O
in: O
achromatic: O
motion: O
processing: O
and: O
Y: O
cells: O
that: O
connect: O
the: O
medulla: B-Individual_protein
with: O
both: O
the: O
lobula: O
plate: O
and: O
the: O
lobula.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Compared: O
with: O
previously: O
reported: O
distributions,: O
our: O
reinvestigation: O
describes: O
novel: O
oxytocin-: O
and: O
vasopressin-binding: O
sites: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
and: O
supracapsular: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis(BST): O
,: O
in: O
the: O
sublenticular: O
extended: O
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
interstitial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
posterior: O
limb: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
commissure,: O
in: O
the: O
marginal: O
zone,: O
in: O
the: O
central: O
amygdaloid: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
anterior: O
amygdaloid: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
habenula: B-Individual_protein
is: O
an: O
integrative: O
center: O
between: O
the: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
limbic: B-Individual_protein
and: O
motor: O
systems.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Neurons: O
immunoreactive: O
to: O
the: O
peptide: O
hormone: O
gonadotropin-releasing: O
hormone: O
(GnRH): O
have: O
been: O
identified: O
in: O
the: O
posterior: O
diencephalon: O
or: O
anterior: O
midbrain: O
of: O
diverse: O
vertebrates.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thick: O
fibers: O
that: O
arise: O
from: O
terminal: O
nerve: O
and: O
septo-preoptic: O
neurons: O
project: O
mainly: O
to: O
the: O
median: O
eminence,: O
medial: O
pallium: O
and: O
habenula.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
trout: O
habenula: O
also: O
receives: O
pineal: B-Individual_protein
and: O
parapineal: B-Individual_protein
projections.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Double-labeling: O
studies: O
further: O
indicated: O
that: O
a: O
subset: O
of: O
insulin-like: O
growth: O
factor-II/mannose-6-phosphate(IGF-II/M6P): O
receptor: O
colocalizes: O
with: O
cholinergic: O
cell: O
bodies: O
and: O
fibers: O
in: O
the: O
septum,: B-Individual_protein
striatum,: B-Individual_protein
diagonal: O
band: O
complex,: O
nucleus: O
basalis,: O
cortex,: B-Individual_protein
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
motoneurons: O
of: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
and: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
the: O
optic: O
nerve: O
head,: O
the: O
fibers: O
from: O
the: O
different: O
retinal: O
areas: O
maintained: O
the: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
topography: O
in: O
a: O
simplified: O
form: O
according: O
to: O
the: O
trajectory: O
of: O
optic: O
fibers: O
surrounding: O
the: O
optic: O
disc.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
areas: O
that: O
form: O
a: O
broad: O
ring: O
around: O
the: O
central: O
sulcus: O
are: O
the: O
ventral: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
principal: O
sulcus: O
and: O
the: O
adjacent: O
area: O
46,: O
the: O
precentral: O
operculum: O
(PrOC),: O
area: O
SII: O
(Jones: O
and: O
Burton:: O
J.: O
Comp.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
topographical: O
order: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellopetal: O
projections: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
valvula: O
and: O
inferior: O
olive: O
is: O
also: O
described,: O
as: O
are: O
differential: O
inputs: O
to: O
various: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellum: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
two: O
species.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

An: O
important: O
difference: O
between: O
urocortin: O
and: O
corticotropin-releasing: O
factor(CRF): O
is: O
the: O
localization: O
of: O
urocortin,: O
and: O
not: O
corticotropin-releasing: O
factor(CRF): O
,: O
within: O
Purkinje: O
cells,: O
implying: O
that: O
urocortin: O
probably: O
has: O
an: O
additional: O
role: O
in: O
modulating: O
the: O
signals: O
emanating: O
from: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
cortex: O
to: O
the: O
deep: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cells: O
of: O
origin: O
of: O
spinothalamic: B-Individual_protein
tract: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
lateral: O
thalamus: O
in: O
the: O
cat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
main: O
afferent: O
connection: O
of: O
the: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IPN): O
is: O
a: O
topographically: O
organized: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
medial: O
habenula: O
(Hb).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

An: O
additional: O
projection,: O
which: O
is: O
predominantly: O
ipsilateral,: O
arises: O
from: O
the: O
rostral: O
half: O
of: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
habenula(Hb): O
and: O
terminates: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IPN): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
lateral: O
habenula(Hb): O
to: O
the: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IPN): O
were: O
confirmed: O
by: O
tracing: O
anterogradely: O
transported: O
HRP: O
as: O
well.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
also: O
invades: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus(SC): O
and: O
pulvinar: B-Individual_protein
around: O
E70.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus(SC): O
,: O
label: O
was: O
initially: O
confined: O
to: O
the: O
stratum: O
opticum,: O
but: O
by: O
E84: O
it: O
extended: O
into: O
the: O
superficial: O
gray.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Recent: O
studies: O
showed: O
that: O
light: O
stimulation: O
is: O
required: O
for: O
the: O
maturational: O
segregation: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cell: O
(RGC): O
synaptic: O
connectivity: O
with: O
ON: O
and: O
OFF: O
bipolar: O
cells: O
in: O
mammalian: O
retina.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Forebrain: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
from: O
cholecystokininlike-immunoreactive: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
midbrain.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
amygdala: O
received: O
innervation: O
mainly: O
from: O
cholecystokininlike-immunoreactive(CCK-I): O
cell: O
bodies: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
pars: O
lateralis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
do: O
this,: O
we: O
labeled: O
a: O
population: O
of: O
pretectal: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
with: O
the: O
anterograde: O
tracer: O
Phaseolus: O
vulgaris: O
leucoagglutinin: O
and: O
analyzed: O
the: O
morphology: O
and: O
synaptology: O
of: O
labeled: O
pretectal: B-Individual_protein
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
A-laminae: O
of: O
the: O
cat's: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Ipsilateral: O
tectal: O
afferents: O
include: O
the: O
area: O
dorsalis: O
centralis: O
of: O
the: O
forebrain,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
nucleus: O
dorsalis: O
lateralis: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
area: O
pretectalis,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
pretectalis,: O
a: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
mesencephalic: O
tegmentum,: O
the: O
torus: O
longitudinales,: O
the: O
torus: O
semicircularis,: O
a: O
dorsolateral: O
tegmental: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
isthmi,: O
and: O
a: O
rostral: O
cell: O
group: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
motorius: O
tegmenti.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
study: O
shows: O
that: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cap: O
receives: O
a: O
major: O
inhibitory: O
input: O
from: O
the: O
nucleus: O
prepositus: O
hypoglossi,: O
the: O
terminals: O
of: O
which: O
are: O
located: O
at: O
strategic: O
positions: O
on: O
the: O
olivary: B-Individual_protein
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Our: O
data: O
suggest: O
that: O
both: O
zona: O
incerta(ZI): O
and: O
the: O
higher: O
order: O
thalamic: O
relays: O
are: O
innervated: O
by: O
distinct,: O
physiologically: O
heterogeneous: O
anterior: O
pretectal: O
nucleus(APT): O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Histogenetic: O
compartments: O
of: O
the: O
mouse: O
centromedial: O
and: O
extended: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
based: O
on: O
gene: O
expression: O
patterns: O
during: O
development.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

For: O
example,: O
all: O
parts: O
of: O
fields: O
CA1,: B-Individual_protein
CA2: B-Individual_protein
and: O
CA3: B-Individual_protein
project: O
to: O
the: O
subiculum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
at: O
least: O
some: O
parts: O
of: O
these: O
fields: O
send: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
pre-: O
and: O
parasubiculum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
to: O
the: O
entorhinal: O
perirhinal,: O
retrosplenial: O
and: O
cingulate: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
incertus,: O
located: O
dorsomedial: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
tegmental: O
nucleus,: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
contralateral: O
half: O
of: O
the: O
rostral: O
subnucleus: O
of: O
the: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IPN): O
;: O
the: O
pars: O
caudalis: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
tegmental: O
nucleus: O
projects: O
sparsely: O
to: O
the: O
rostral: O
lateral,: O
dorsal: O
lateral,: O
lateral,: O
caudal,: O
and: O
apical: O
subnuclei: O
predominantly: O
contralaterally;: O
the: O
laterodorsal: O
tegmental: O
nucleus,: O
to: O
most: O
of: O
the: O
subnuclei: O
predominantly: O
contralaterally;: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
central: O
gray: O
rostral: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
tegmental: O
nucleus: O
and: O
lateral: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
rostral: O
lateral: O
and: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
subnuclei: O
predominantly: O
contralaterally;: O
the: O
median: O
raphe: O
nucleus,: O
substantially: O
to: O
all: O
subnuclei;: O
the: O
medial: O
habenular: O
nucleus,: O
in: O
a: O
topographic: O
manner,: O
to: O
the: O
rostral,: O
central,: O
and: O
intermediate: O
subnuclei,: O
to: O
the: O
rostral: O
lateral: O
and: O
lateral: O
subnuclei: O
predominantly: O
ipsilaterally,: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
subnucleus: O
predominantly: O
contralaterally;: O
the: O
supramammillary: O
nucleus: O
and: O
areas: O
around: O
the: O
origin: O
of: O
the: O
mammillothalamic: O
tract: O
and: O
near: O
the: O
third: O
ventricle: O
project: O
sparsely: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
rostral: O
subnucleus: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
central,: O
lateral,: O
caudal: O
and: O
apical: O
subnuclei;: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
diagonal: O
band,: O
sparsely: O
to: O
the: O
rostral,: O
central,: O
dorsal: O
lateral,: O
caudal,: O
and: O
apical: O
subnuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Further,: O
our: O
finding: O
that: O
the: O
major: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
input: O
to: O
the: O
central: O
nucleus: O
preferentially: O
innervates: O
intrinsic: O
GABAergic: O
neurons: O
suggests: O
that: O
these: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
central: O
extended: O
amygdala(CEA): O
may: O
serve: O
as: O
an: O
interface: O
between: O
the: O
principal: O
inputs: O
and: O
outputs: O
of: O
this: O
forebrain: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
implant: O
in: O
forelimb: O
and: O
hindlimb: O
areas: O
of: O
motor-sensory: O
cortex,: O
labeled: O
cells: O
are: O
confined: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
(: O
ventral: O
posterolateral: O
nucleus(VPL): O
m): O
and: O
lateral: O
(: O
ventral: O
posterolateral: O
nucleus(VPL): O
l): O
portions: O
of: O
ventral: O
posterolateral: O
nucleus(VPL): O
,: O
respectively.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
labeled: O
axon: O
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
gracile: O
nucleus: O
were: O
more: O
densely: O
distributed: O
in: O
the: O
middle: O
and: O
caudal: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
than: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
part.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Syt: O
1: O
and: O
syt: O
2: O
are: O
localized: O
predominantly: O
to: O
different: O
subsets: O
of: O
synapses: O
in: O
retina,: B-Individual_protein
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
median: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body: O
(MNTB).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
general,: O
nonoverlapping: O
portions: O
of: O
copula: O
pyramidis(Cop: O
P): O
and: O
paramedian(PM): O
were: O
activated: O
during: O
the: O
two: O
types: O
of: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
stimulation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
amygdaloid: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
of: O
origin: O
and: O
the: O
trajectory: O
of: O
amygdaloid: B-Individual_protein
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
adult: O
male: O
Syrian: O
hamster: O
were: O
identified: O
by: O
using: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP): O
histochemistry.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
this: O
study,: O
we: O
examine: O
the: O
neuropeptide: O
immunoreactivities: O
of: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
that: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus(PB): O
by: O
using: O
the: O
combined: O
retrograde: O
fluorescence-immunofluorescence: O
method.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
from: O
the: O
prefrontal: O
cortex: O
originated: O
mainly: O
in: O
the: O
infralimbic: O
area: O
and: O
to: O
a: O
lesser: O
degree: O
in: O
the: O
prelimbic: O
and: O
anterior: O
cingulate: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
method(HRP): O
injections: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
NOA,: O
labeled: O
cells: O
were: O
distributed: O
in: O
the: O
NOA,: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
olfactory: O
tract,: O
posterolateral: O
cortical: O
amygdaloid: O
nucleus,: O
piriform: O
cortex,: O
horizontal: O
and: O
vertical: O
limbs: O
of: O
the: O
diagonal: O
band: O
of: O
Broca,: O
mitral: O
cell: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
MOB,: O
tenia: O
tecta,: O
anterior: O
amygdaloid: O
area,: O
and: O
the: O
contralateral: O
NOA.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Brainstem: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
medulla: O
in: O
cat:: O
retrograde: O
transport: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
and: O
immunohistochemical: O
studies.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Pale: O
cytochrome: O
oxidase: O
stripes: O
in: O
V2: B-Individual_protein
receive: O
the: O
richest: O
projection: O
from: O
macaque: O
striate: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
demonstrate: O
a: O
distinct: O
projection: O
pattern: O
of: O
calcitonin: O
gene-related: O
peptide(CGRP): O
-containing: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
and: O
parabrachial: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
to: O
subnuclei: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
and: O
extended: O
amygdala.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Most: O
Purkinje: O
cells: O
in: O
mormyrids: O
and: O
other: O
actinopterygian: O
fishes: O
are: O
interneurons: O
that: O
terminate: O
locally: O
in: O
the: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
on: O
efferent: O
neurons: O
that: O
are: O
equivalent: O
to: O
cerebellar: O
nucleus: O
cells: O
in: O
mammals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

During: O
development: O
of: O
the: O
adult: O
olfactory: O
system: O
of: O
the: O
moth: O
Manduca: O
sexta,: O
olfactory: O
receptor: O
neurons: O
extend: O
axons: O
from: O
the: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
epithelium: O
in: O
the: O
antenna: O
into: O
the: O
brain.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Retinotopic: O
patterns: O
of: O
connections: O
of: O
area: O
17: O
with: O
visual: O
areas: O
V-II: O
and: O
MT: B-Individual_protein
in: O
macaque: O
monkeys.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
application: O
of: O
microelectrode: O
recording: O
and: O
anatomical: O
tracing: O
methods: O
to: O
the: O
subcortical: O
optic: O
projections: O
of: O
the: O
normal: O
rat: O
shows: O
that: O
the: O
uncrossed: O
pathway: O
from: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
of: O
this: O
mammal: O
is: O
substantially: O
composed: O
of: O
branches: O
of: O
crossed: O
axons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
following: O
subcortical: O
structures: O
were: O
found: O
to: O
project: O
to: O
area: O
17: O
and/or: O
area: O
18:: O
locus: O
coeruleus,: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus,: O
nucleus: O
annularis,: O
nucleus: O
centralis: O
superior,: O
pontine: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
mesencephalic: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
dorsal: O
hypothalamus,: O
lateral: O
hypothalamus,: O
nucleus: O
basalis: O
of: O
Meynert,: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
diagonal: O
band: O
of: O
Broca,: O
claustrum,: O
nucleus: O
basalis: O
lateralis: O
amygdalae,: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus,: O
inferior: O
pulvinar,: O
lateral: O
pulvinar,: O
nucleus: O
limitans,: O
medial: O
magnocellular: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
ventralis: O
anterior,: O
nucleus: O
paracentralis,: O
and: O
nucleus: O
centralis: O
medialis: O
thalami.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cells: O
of: O
origin: O
of: O
the: O
pontine: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
from: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
(IC): O
of: O
cats: O
have: O
been: O
identified: O
by: O
means: O
of: O
retrograde: O
axonal: O
transport: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
approximate: O
level: O
of: O
termination: O
of: O
the: O
axons: O
of: O
individual,: O
functionally: O
characterized: O
spinothalamic: O
tract: O
neurons: O
within: O
the: O
monkey: O
thalmus: B-Individual_protein
was: O
mapped: O
by: O
antidromic: O
activation: O
using: O
a: O
monopolar: O
electrode: O
which: O
was: O
moved: O
in: O
a: O
systematic: O
grid: O
of: O
tracks: O
through: O
the: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

area: O
PEa): O
were: O
also: O
determ: O
intraparietal: O
sulcus(i.e.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
opposite: O
oculomotor: O
complex: O
(OMC): O
silver: O
grains: O
were: O
profuse: O
over: O
the: O
ventral: O
nucleus: O
(VN,: O
medial: O
rectus: O
muscle): O
and: O
patchy: O
over: O
caudal: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
nucleus: O
(DN,: O
inferior: O
rectus: O
muscle).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Similarities: O
and: O
differences: O
in: O
the: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
expression: O
of: O
Lhx1: O
and: O
Lhx5: O
between: O
chicken: O
and: O
mouse:: O
Insights: O
for: O
understanding: O
telencephalic: O
development: O
and: O
evolution.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
in: O
mouse: O
and: O
chicken: O
Lhx5: O
is: O
expressed: O
in: O
two: O
extratelencephalic: O
domains: O
that: O
appear: O
to: O
contribute: O
Lhx5-expressing: O
cells: O
to: O
the: O
basal: O
telencephalon,: O
including: O
the: O
supraoptoparaventricular: O
hypothalamic: O
domain: O
and: O
the: O
eminentia: O
thalami.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
tract: O
continues: O
dorsally: O
and: O
bifurcates: O
into: O
a: O
major: O
branch: O
that: O
exists: O
the: O
brain: O
via: O
nervi: O
corpora: O
cardiaca: O
1: O
(NCC1): O
to: O
innervate: O
the: O
corpora: O
cardiaca: O
and: O
the: O
corpora: O
allata.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
caudal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IPN): O
the: O
fascicular: O
axons: O
from: O
each: O
side: O
terminate: O
to: O
an: O
equal: O
extent: O
in: O
two: O
discrete,: O
parasagittal: O
zones,: O
situated: O
one: O
on: O
side: O
in: O
the: O
mid-mediolateral: O
extent: O
of: O
the: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IPN): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Results: O
show: O
that: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra,: O
pars: O
lateralis,: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
ipsilaterally.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Labeled: O
neuronal: O
nuclei: O
were: O
not: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
ganglion: O
cell: O
layer: O
in: O
any: O
of: O
the: O
retinas,: B-Individual_protein
but: O
they: O
were: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
other: O
nuclear: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
same: O
retinas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
present: O
data: O
demonstrate: O
that: O
bilateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus(RT): O
connections: O
with: O
the: O
dorsal: O
thalamus: O
provide: O
a: O
channel: O
for: O
interthalamic: O
crosstalk.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
normal: O
properties: O
of: O
Y-type: O
interneurons: O
and: O
XY-type: O
relay: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
deprived: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(LGN): O
suggest: O
that: O
neither: O
a: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
dysfunction: O
nor: O
an: O
inherent: O
inability: O
of: O
the: O
Y-type: O
optic: O
tract: O
axons: O
to: O
form: O
adequate: O
synapses: O
onto: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(LGN): O
neurons: O
are: O
factors: O
which: O
would: O
readily: O
account: O
for: O
the: O
reduction: O
of: O
Y-type: O
relay: O
cells: O
in: O
monocularly: O
deprived: O
cats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

On: O
the: O
other: O
hand,: O
a: O
large: O
proportion: O
(at: O
least: O
60%): O
of: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract(NOT): O
-DTN: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
nucleus: O
prepositus: O
hypoglossi(NPH): O
were: O
found: O
to: O
bifurcate: O
upon: O
the: O
inferior: O
olive(IO): O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Electrophysiologically,: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract(NOT): O
-DTN: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
inferior: O
olive(IO): O
were: O
identified: O
by: O
their: O
directionally: O
selective: O
responses.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
dorsal: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
amygdalar: O
nucleus(MEA): O
(the: O
posterodorsal: O
part): O
is: O
characterized: O
by: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
principal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
bed: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis(BST): O
,: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
anteroventral: O
periventricular,: O
medial,: O
and: O
central: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
preoptic,: O
and: O
ventral: O
premammillary: O
hypothalamic: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
endopiriform: O
nucleus: O
is: O
a: O
large: O
group: O
of: O
multipolar: O
cells: O
located: O
deep: O
to: O
the: O
piriform: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Several: O
principles: O
of: O
organization: O
were: O
derived:: O
(1): O
heavy: O
local: O
and: O
long: O
intrinsic: O
connections: O
are: O
present: O
throughout: O
the: O
endopiriform: O
nucleus;: O
(2): O
endopiriform: O
efferents: O
target: O
cortical: O
rather: O
than: O
nuclear: O
structures;: O
(3): O
extensive: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
endopiriform: O
nucleus: O
extend: O
to: O
most: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
areas: O
including: O
the: O
piriform: O
cortex,: O
entorhinal: O
cortex,: O
insular: O
cortex,: O
orbital: O
cortex,: O
and: O
all: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
amygdaloid: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Septal: O
corticocortical: O
projections: O
terminate: O
in: O
the: O
dysgranular: O
cortex: O
anterior: O
to: O
E-row: O
barrels: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
posteromedial: O
parietal: O
cortex: O
in: O
addition: O
to: O
somatic: O
sensory(S-I): O
I.: O
Whereas: O
layer: O
IV: O
barrels: O
are: O
largely: O
isolated: O
from: O
lateral: O
connections,: O
septa: O
are: O
the: O
main: O
conduits: O
of: O
intracortical: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
arising: O
from: O
neighboring: O
barrel: O
and: O
septal: O
columns.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
results: O
are: O
consistent: O
with: O
the: O
hypothesis: O
that: O
radiate: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
subserve: O
the: O
wideband: O
inhibition: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cochlear: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
mediodorsal: O
regions: O
included: O
portions: O
of: O
medial: O
areas: O
25,: O
32,: B-Individual_protein
14,: O
and: O
dorsal: O
area: O
8.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
study: O
employed: O
orthogradely: O
transported: O
axonal: O
tracers: O
to: O
demonstrate,: O
in: O
the: O
rat,: O
projections: O
that: O
reach: O
the: O
basilar: O
pontine: O
nuclei: O
from: O
the: O
zona: O
incerta: O
or: O
pretectal: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cholecystokinin: O
activates: O
catecholaminergic: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
medulla: O
that: O
innervate: O
the: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
in: O
rats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Mossy: O
fiber: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
cuneate: O
nucleus: O
to: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
present: O
study,: O
we: O
determined: O
that: O
the: O
axonal: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
cuneate: O
region: O
gave: O
rise: O
to: O
mossy: O
fiber: O
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
granule: O
cell: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
perireuniens: O
nucleus: O
selectively: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
perirhinal: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Because: O
the: O
midbrain: O
periaqueductal: O
gray(PAG): O
and: O
its: O
descending: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
rostral: O
ventromedial: O
medulla: O
(RVM): O
constitute: O
an: O
essential: O
neural: O
circuit: O
for: O
opioid-based: O
analgesia,: O
the: O
present: O
studies: O
were: O
conducted: O
to: O
determine: O
whether: O
sex: O
differences: O
in: O
the: O
anatomical: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray(PAG): O
-: O
rostral: O
ventromedial: O
medulla(RVM): O
pathway,: O
and: O
its: O
activation: O
during: O
persistent: O
inflammatory: O
pain,: O
could: O
account: O
for: O
sex-based: O
differences: O
in: O
opioid: O
analgesia.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
as: O
is: O
known: O
from: O
other: O
studies,: O
hippocampal: O
pyramidal: O
cells: O
give: O
rise: O
to: O
a: O
powerful: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
septum: O
in: O
adult: O
animals.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Our: O
results: O
show: O
that: O
there: O
is: O
a: O
considerable: O
remodeling: O
of: O
the: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
septum: B-Individual_protein
during: O
ontogenetic: O
development.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

After: O
small: O
injections: O
in: O
the: O
upper: O
limb: O
representation: O
of: O
reticular: O
nucleus(RTN): O
,: O
most: O
labeled: O
terminations: O
in: O
ventral: O
posterior: O
lateral: O
nucleus(VPL): O
were: O
confined: O
to: O
its: O
medial: O
part,: O
suggesting: O
the: O
presence: O
of: O
a: O
topographic: O
organization: O
in: O
the: O
projection.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Spinal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
from: O
the: O
mesencephalic: B-Individual_protein
and: O
pontine: O
reticular: O
formation: O
in: O
the: O
North: O
American: O
Opossum:: O
a: O
study: O
using: O
axonal: O
transport: O
techniques.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Within: O
the: O
raphe: O
nuclei,: O
retrogradely: O
fluorogold-labeled: O
neurons: O
were: O
observed: O
mainly: O
in: O
the: O
median: O
raphe: O
nucleus: O
(B8),: O
groups: O
B6/B5,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
area: O
lateral: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
interpeduncularis: O
(group: O
S4),: O
but: O
not: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
injections: O
of: O
3H: O
amino: O
acids: O
into: O
electrophysiologically: O
defined: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
complex: O
in: O
which: O
cardiac: O
or: O
respiratory: O
units: O
were: O
recorded,: O
labeled: O
fibers: O
could: O
be: O
traced: O
to: O
a: O
number: O
of: O
sites: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
brain: O
stem: O
including: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
lateral: O
parabrachial: O
nuclei,: O
Kölliker-Fuse: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
area: O
ventral: O
to: O
this: O
nucleus,: O
lateral: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
matter,: O
ambiguus: O
complex,: O
which: O
consists: O
of: O
the: O
retrofacial,: O
ambiguus: O
and: O
retroambiguus: O
nuclei,: O
ventrolateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus: O
(in: O
an: O
area: O
equivalent: O
to: O
the: O
A1: O
cell: O
group: O
of: O
Dahlström: O
and: O
Fuxe,: O
'64),: O
medial: O
accessory: O
olive,: O
paramedian: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
and: O
lateral: O
cuneate: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Labeled: O
medullary: B-Individual_protein
cells: O
were: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
caudoventral: O
and: O
rostral: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nuclei: O
(DCN;: O
stellate: O
and: O
fusiform: O
cells),: O
the: O
underlying: O
n.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
set: O
of: O
projections: O
from: O
different: O
basilar: O
pontine: O
nuclei(BPN): O
or: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
tegmenti: O
pontis(NRTP): O
areas: O
were: O
partially,: O
but: O
never: O
completely,: O
overlapping.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
accessory: O
lobes: O
are: O
large: O
bilateral: O
areas: O
of: O
neuropil: O
that: O
are: O
anatomically: O
associated: O
with: O
the: O
olfactory: O
lobes.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Striatal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
pallidum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
and: O
the: O
origin: O
of: O
projections: O
to: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
from: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
and: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
were: O
examined.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus: O
separate: O
but: O
neighboring: O
regions: O
of: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
appeared: O
to: O
have: O
overlapping: O
pallidal: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
territories.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Rostral: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
projected: O
to: O
medial: O
nigra: O
and: O
caudal: O
striatum: O
to: O
lateral: O
nigra.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Autonomic: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
tractus: O
solitarii(NTS): O
,: O
including: O
its: O
commissural,: O
dorsal,: O
intermediate,: O
interstitial,: O
ventral,: O
and: O
ventrolateral: O
subnuclei: O
directly: O
project: O
to: O
rostroventrolateralis(RVL): B-Individual_protein
as: O
well: O
as: O
to: O
other: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
in: O
AI: O
and: O
R: O
led: O
to: O
retrograde: O
labeling: O
of: O
neurons: O
in: O
all: O
three: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
(MG): O
nucleus: O
(: O
medial: O
geniculate(MG): O
v,: O
medial: O
geniculate(MG): O
d,: O
and: O
medial: O
geniculate(MG): O
m),: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
nuclei: O
outside: O
medial: O
geniculate(MG): O
,: O
whereas: O
CM: O
injections: O
led: O
to: O
only: O
sparse: O
labeling: O
of: O
neurons: O
in: O
a: O
restricted: O
zone: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
medial: O
geniculate(MG): O
d: O
and,: O
possibly,: O
medial: O
geniculate(MG): O
m,: O
in: O
addition: O
to: O
labeling: O
in: O
non-: O
medial: O
geniculate(MG): O
sites.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
combined: O
results: O
suggest: O
that: O
medial: O
geniculate(MG): O
v: O
sends: O
direct: O
projections: O
in: O
parallel: O
to: O
areas: O
AI: O
and: O
R,: O
which: O
drive: O
pure-tone(PT): O
-responses: O
in: O
both: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
premotor: O
cortex: O
and: O
the: O
following: O
neocortical: O
sensory: O
association: O
areas: O
project: O
differentially: O
upon: O
the: O
various: O
ipsilateral: O
prefrontal: O
cortex(PFC): O
sectors:: O
the: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
somatosensory: O
area: O
SIV: O
in: O
the: O
upper: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
ectosylvian: O
sulcus,: O
the: O
visual: O
area: O
in: O
the: O
lower: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
same: O
sulcus,: O
the: O
auditory: O
area: O
AII,: O
the: O
temporal: O
area,: O
the: O
perirhinal: O
cortex,: O
the: O
posterior: O
suprasylvian: O
area,: O
area: O
20,: O
the: O
posterior: O
ectosylvian: O
area,: O
the: O
suprasylvian: O
fringe,: O
the: O
lateral: O
suprasylvian: O
area: O
(anterolateral: O
and: O
posterolateral: O
subdivisions),: O
area: O
5,: O
and: O
area: O
7.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

the: O
nucleus: O
parabrachialis: O
lateralis: O
and: O
the: O
locus: O
coeruleus,: O
an: O
abrupt: O
decrease: O
occurred: O
around: O
birth.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
because: O
the: O
total: O
volume: O
of: O
the: O
cerebellum: B-Individual_protein
was: O
less,: O
the: O
total: O
number: O
of: O
mitotically: O
active: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
whole: O
cerebellum: B-Individual_protein
of: O
11-,: O
14-,: O
and: O
17-day-old: O
diseased: O
animals: O
was: O
less: O
than: O
in: O
littermate: O
controls.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Previous: O
histofluorescence: O
studies: O
have: O
demonstrated: O
that: O
the: O
caudal: O
raphe: O
nuclei: O
(CRa): O
of: O
the: O
rat,: O
particularly: O
the: O
ventral: O
portion: O
(V: O
caudal: O
raphe: O
nuclei(CRa): O
),: O
contains: O
a: O
very: O
high: O
density: O
of: O
noradrenaline: O
(NA): O
terminals: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
present: O
study: O
we: O
attempted: O
to: O
elucidate: O
the: O
origins: O
and: O
free: O
structure: O
of: O
the: O
noradrenaline(NA): O
terminals: O
in: O
this: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin: O
conjugated: O
to: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(WGA-HRP): O
into: O
the: O
caudal: O
SNVc: O
and: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
resulted: O
in: O
terminal: O
labeling: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal,: O
central,: O
and: O
external: O
lateral: O
subnuclei: O
of: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus(PB): O
and: O
the: O
Kölliker-Fuse: O
nucleus,: O
all: O
of: O
which: O
are: O
known: O
to: O
receive: O
cardiovascular: O
and: O
respiratory: O
afferent: O
information.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Orderly: O
anomalous: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate,: O
ventrobasal,: O
and: O
lateral: O
posterior: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
hamster.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Vestibular: O
nerve: O
fibers: O
were: O
also: O
traced: O
to: O
discrete: O
terminal: O
fields: O
in: O
the: O
reticular: O
formation: O
lateral: O
to: O
the: O
abducens: O
nucleus: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
rostral,: O
lateral: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
accessory: O
cuneate: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Intermediate: O
and: O
lateral: O
zones: O
of: O
mid-vermal: O
cerebellar: O
cortex: O
are: O
projected: O
on: O
by: O
neurons: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
interposed: O
and: O
dentate: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Contralateral: O
to: O
the: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
injection,: O
labelled: O
cells: O
were: O
concentrated: O
in: O
the: O
clusters: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
gracile: B-Individual_protein
and: O
cuneate: O
but: O
rostrally: O
in: O
these: O
nuclei: O
they: O
were: O
scattered: O
among: O
unlabelled: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Labelled: O
fibers: O
and: O
terminal: O
fields: O
were: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
preoptic: O
area,: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis,: O
substantia: O
innominata,: O
the: O
anterior: O
amygdaloid: O
area,: O
diagonal: O
bands: O
of: O
Broca: O
and: O
lateral: O
septum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Eight: O
of: O
the: O
cells: O
had: O
axons: O
that: O
projected: O
rostrally: O
in: O
the: O
ascending: O
tract: O
of: O
Deiters: O
and: O
arborized: O
exclusively: O
on: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
side: O
of: O
the: O
brainstem,: B-Individual_protein
terminating: O
in: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
medial: O
rectus: O
subdivision: O
of: O
the: O
oculomotor: O
nucleus: O
and,: O
in: O
some: O
cases,: O
the: O
dorsal: O
paramedian: O
pontine: O
reticular: O
formation: O
or: O
the: O
caudal: O
interstitial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
longitudinal: O
fasciculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Localization: O
of: O
neurons: O
expressing: O
substance: O
P: O
and: O
neurokinin: O
B: O
gene: O
transcripts: O
in: O
the: O
human: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
basal: O
forebrain.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Our: O
data: O
suggest: O
four: O
such: O
areas:: O
(a): O
a: O
"ventral: O
agranular: O
insular: O
area": O
in: O
the: O
lower: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
rhinal: O
sulcus,: O
architectonically: O
transitional: O
between: O
iso-: O
and: O
allocortex: B-Individual_protein
and: O
sparsely: O
connected: O
to: O
the: O
thalamus,: O
mainly: O
with: O
midline: O
nuclei;: O
(b): O
a: O
"dorsal: O
agranular: O
insular: O
area": O
in: O
the: O
upper: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
rhinal: O
sulcus,: O
linked: O
to: O
the: O
mediodorsal,: O
ventromedial,: O
parafascicular: O
and: O
midline: O
nuclei;: O
(c): O
a: O
"dysgranular: O
insular: O
area": O
in: O
the: O
anteroventral: O
half: O
of: O
the: O
orbital: O
gyrus,: O
characterized: O
by: O
its: O
connections: O
with: O
gustatory: O
and: O
viscerosensory: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
ventroposterior: O
complex: O
and: O
with: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
nucleus;: O
and: O
(d): O
a: O
"granular: O
insular: O
area",: O
dorsocaudal: O
in: O
the: O
orbital: O
gyrus,: O
which: O
is: O
chiefly: O
bound: O
to: O
spinothalamic-recipient: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
posterior: O
medial: O
and: O
the: O
ventroposterior: O
inferior.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
paralemniscal: O
zone: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
midbrain: O
tegmentum: B-Individual_protein
of: O
the: O
cat: O
has: O
been: O
identified: O
in: O
a: O
possible: O
pathway: O
from: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
to: O
the: O
facial: O
nucleus: O
that: O
may: O
control: O
pinna: O
movements: O
(Henkel: O
and: O
Edward,: O
'78).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
order: O
of: O
appearance: O
of: O
serotoninergic: O
populations: O
in: O
the: O
rhombencephalon: B-Individual_protein
and: O
spinal: O
cord: O
(first: O
the: O
superior: O
groups: O
and: O
then: O
the: O
inferior: O
and: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
populations): O
roughly: O
matched: O
with: O
that: O
reported: O
in: O
other: O
vertebrates: O
but: O
important: O
differences: O
were: O
noted: O
in: O
the: O
formation: O
of: O
prosencephalic: O
groups: O
in: O
fishes.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
rostral: O
opercular: O
cortex: O
including: O
the: O
gustatory: O
and: O
proisocortical: O
motor: O
(ProM): O
areas: O
is: O
connected: O
with: O
precentral: O
areas: O
3,: O
1,: O
and: O
2: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
with: O
the: O
rostral: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
opercular: O
area: O
which: O
resembles: O
the: O
second: O
somatosensory: O
type: O
of: O
cortex: B-Individual_protein
(area: O
SII): O
and: O
the: O
ventral: O
portion: O
of: O
area: O
6.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
study: O
of: O
its: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
and: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
connections.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
three: O
experiments: O
the: O
contra: O
labelling: O
in: O
the: O
ventral(lateral): O
cortex: O
was: O
examined: O
and: O
a: O
small: O
number: O
of: O
labelled: O
cells: O
was: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
anterior: O
ectosylvian: O
and: O
suprasylvian: O
sulci.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
olivocerebellar: O
projection: O
in: O
the: O
homozygous: O
reeler: O
mouse: O
(rl/rl): O
was: O
studied: O
with: O
the: O
use: O
of: O
microinjections: O
of: O
3H-leucine: O
in: O
different: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
olivary: O
complex: O
(IO): O
or: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
conjugated: O
with: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin: O
(WGA-HRP): O
into: O
medial,: O
intermediate,: O
or: O
lateral: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
reeler: O
cerebellum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
in: O
the: O
temporal: O
one-third: O
of: O
CA1: O
label: O
axons: O
and: O
terminals: O
in: O
subicular,: O
parasubicular,: O
entorhinal,: O
and: O
infraradiata: O
cortices,: O
anterior: O
olfactory: O
nucleus,: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
lateral: O
septal: O
nucleus,: O
nucleus: O
accumbens,: O
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
hypothalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Some: O
of: O
these: O
nerve: O
fibers: O
continue: O
through: O
the: O
electrosensory: O
lateral: O
line: O
lobe(ELL): O
to: O
end: O
as: O
mossy: O
fibers: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
eminentia: O
granularis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

HA-ir: O
neurons: O
were: O
localized: O
almost: O
exclusively: O
in: O
the: O
posterior: O
hypothalamus: O
with: O
the: O
largest: O
group: O
in: O
the: O
tuberomammillary: O
nucleus: O
and: O
adjacent: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

As: O
in: O
the: O
adult: O
fly,: O
larval: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
project: O
into: O
the: O
(larval): O
antennal: O
lobe: O
(LAL),: O
where: O
they: O
synapse: O
onto: O
local: O
interneurons: O
and: O
projection: O
neurons,: O
whereas: O
gustatory: O
afferents: O
terminate: O
essentially: O
in: O
the: O
tritocerebral-subesophageal: O
(TR-SOG): O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

An: O
ultrastructural: O
and: O
morphometric: O
study: O
of: O
the: O
effect: O
of: O
removal: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
input: O
on: O
the: O
development: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
only: O
connection: O
between: O
the: O
medulla: B-Individual_protein
and: O
more: O
central: O
neuropil: O
(the: O
midbrain): O
was: O
via: O
a: O
bundle: O
of: O
axons: O
(the: O
Cuccati: O
bundle): O
present: O
also: O
in: O
the: O
normal: O
optic: O
lobes.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
contralateral: O
nucleus: O
magnocellularis(NM): O
,: O
the: O
density: O
of: O
GABA-immunoreactive(GABA-I): O
terminals: O
decreased: O
relative: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
nucleus: O
magnocellularis(NM): O
and: O
to: O
normal: O
animals: O
1-21: O
days: O
after: O
cochlea: B-Individual_protein
removal.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Terminal: O
label: O
was: O
evident: O
in: O
the: O
pretectal: O
olivary: O
nucleus,: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract,: O
nucleus: O
raphe: O
interpositus: O
(omnipause: O
region),: O
nucleus: O
prepositus: O
hypoglossi,: O
the: O
perioculomotor: O
cap: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
gray,: O
dorsal: O
central: O
gray,: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
tegmenti: O
pontis,: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
pontis: O
oralis,: O
and: O
to: O
multiple: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
basis: O
pontis: O
(most: O
densely: O
to: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
nucleus).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Dendritic: O
morphologies: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cells: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
rabbit.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
tracer: O
into: O
the: O
parietal: O
cortex: O
labelled: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
globus: O
pallidus,: O
the: O
underlying: O
substantia: O
innominata,: O
and: O
the: O
lateral: O
hypothalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cells: O
postsynaptic: O
to: O
P: O
axons: O
do: O
not: O
show: O
these: O
properties,: O
but: O
instead: O
tend: O
to: O
reflect: O
their: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(LGN): O
inputs: O
more: O
faithfully;: O
therefore,: O
it: O
is: O
possible: O
that: O
these: O
physiologic: O
differences: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
cells: O
postsynaptic: O
to: O
different: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(LGN): O
pathways: O
reflect: O
the: O
differential: O
involvement: O
of: O
inhibitory: O
circuits.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
results: O
suggest: O
that: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
MI: O
whisker: O
region: O
to: O
the: O
contralateral: O
thalamus: O
may: O
modulate: O
the: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
interactions: O
that: O
are: O
presumed: O
to: O
play: O
a: O
role: O
in: O
coordinating: O
bilateral: O
whisking: O
behavior.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

An: O
anatomical: O
technique: O
based: O
on: O
the: O
retrograde: O
transport: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP): O
was: O
used: O
to: O
investigate: O
the: O
projections: O
of: O
spinal: O
cord: O
neurons: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus: O
(LRN).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Labeled: O
cells: O
were: O
found: O
at: O
all: O
spinal: O
levels: O
and: O
in: O
particular: O
large: O
numbers: O
in: O
cervical: O
and: O
lumbar: O
segments.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Areas: O
13a: O
and: O
12o,: B-Individual_protein
which: O
are: O
associated: O
with: O
both: O
networks,: O
were: O
strongly: O
connected: O
with: O
the: O
parataenial: O
nuclei(Pt): O
and: O
the: O
central: O
intermedial: O
nucleus,: O
respectively.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
also: O
receives: O
bilateral: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
tegmental: O
field,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus,: O
and: O
nucleus: O
isthmi,: O
and: O
ipsilateral: O
projections: O
from: O
nucleus: O
profundus: O
mesencephali.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Labeled: O
periventricularis: O
magnocellularis(PVM): B-Individual_protein
fibers: O
are: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
septal: O
nucleus,: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
pallial: O
commisure,: O
dorsomedial: O
thalamic: O
nucleus,: O
dorsolateral: O
anterior: O
thalamic: O
nucleus: O
(pars: O
ventralis),: O
median: O
eminence,: O
medial: O
and: O
lateral: O
hypothalamus,: O
medial: O
mammillary: O
area,: O
and: O
nucleus: O
intercollicularis: O
and: O
central: O
gray: O
of: O
the: O
midbrain.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
mutant: O
also: O
shows: O
anatomical: O
disorganization: O
in: O
the: O
area: O
acousticolateralis: O
and: O
cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
auricle,: O
but: O
it: O
is: O
unclear: O
(1): O
to: O
what: O
extent: O
the: O
behavioral: O
abnormalities: O
are: O
traceable: O
to: O
the: O
vestibulocerebellar: O
defect: O
or: O
(2): O
how: O
the: O
vestibulocerebellar: O
pathway: O
modulates: O
swimming: O
behavior: O
in: O
the: O
normal: O
axolotl.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus,: O
each: O
of: O
the: O
three: O
divisions: O
of: O
the: O
VPM: O
receives: O
main: O
ascending: O
afferent: O
fibers: O
from: O
different: O
brain: O
stem: O
structures;: O
the: O
VPMpcm,: O
VPMpcl,: O
or: O
VPMmc: O
receives: O
afferent: O
fibers,: O
respectively,: O
from: O
the: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus(PBN): O
ipsilaterally,: O
from: O
the: O
dorsal: O
division: O
of: O
Vp: O
ipsilaterally,: O
or: O
from: O
the: O
ventral: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
Vp: O
and: O
the: O
Vsp: O
contralaterally.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
crossed: O
primary: O
afferent: O
axons: O
passing: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
commissure: O
projected: O
to: O
(1): O
the: O
dorsal: O
gray: O
commissure,: O
(2): O
small,: O
dorsomedial: O
and: O
ventrolateral: O
parts: O
of: O
laminae: O
III: O
and: O
IV,: O
(3): O
lamina: O
I,: O
and: O
(4): O
the: O
Xth: O
area: O
(region: O
dorsal: O
to: O
and: O
around: O
the: O
central: O
canal).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
synaptic: O
boutons: O
of: O
ventral: O
respiratory: O
group: O
neurons: O
that: O
were: O
labeled: O
in: O
the: O
phrenic: O
nucleus: O
had: O
asymmetrical: O
membrane: O
densities: O
at: O
sites: O
of: O
synaptic: O
contact: O
with: O
labeled: O
phrenic: O
somal: O
or: O
dendritic: O
profiles,: O
supporting: O
the: O
notion: O
that: O
this: O
bulbospinal: O
pathway: O
has: O
excitatory: O
contacts: O
with: O
phrenic: O
motoneurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
few: O
positive: O
fibers: O
were: O
detected: O
in: O
the: O
neural: O
lobe: O
of: O
the: O
pituitary,: O
particularly: O
in: O
the: O
region: O
bordering: O
the: O
pars: O
intermedia.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

By: O
far: O
the: O
densest: O
terminal: O
field: O
arising: O
from: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCh): O
ends: O
in: O
a: O
roughly: O
comma-shaped: O
zone: O
between: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCh): O
and: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
on: O
the: O
one: O
hand: O
and: O
the: O
periventricular: O
nucleus: O
and: O
anterior: O
hypothalamic: O
area: O
on: O
the: O
other.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
projections: O
were: O
gradually: O
replaced: O
near: O
the: O
VPLo(VPL): O
-: O
ventrolateral: O
nucleus(VL): O
border: O
in: O
the: O
cat: O
and: O
VPLo(VPL): B-Individual_protein
c-: O
VPLo(VPL): O
o: O
border: O
in: O
the: O
monkey: O
first: O
by: O
input: O
from: O
the: O
lateral: O
cervical: O
nucleus: O
(cat: O
only): O
and: O
the: O
rostral: O
and: O
ventral: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nuclei: O
and: O
then: O
by: O
spinothalamic: B-Individual_protein
projections.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Rostral: O
neocortical: O
areas: O
project: O
predominantly: O
to: O
rostral: O
perirhinal: O
regions: O
while: O
more: O
caudal: O
neocortical: O
and: O
subicular: O
areas: O
project: O
predominantly: O
to: O
caudal: O
perirhinal: O
regions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
olfactory: O
sensory: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
main: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
epithelium: O
projected: O
to: O
glomerular: O
neuropil: O
throughout: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
including: O
sparse: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
rat,: O
sound: O
filtering: O
properties: O
of: O
the: O
primary: O
(A1): O
and: O
ventral: O
(VAF): O
auditory: O
fields: O
are: O
markedly: O
different,: O
yet: O
both: O
are: O
core: O
regions: O
that: O
by: O
definition: O
receive: O
most: O
of: O
their: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
input: O
from: O
the: O
ventral: O
nucleus: O
(MGBv): O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
body: O
(: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
body(MGB): O
).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
vivo: O
injection: O
of: O
AlexaFluor: O
568: O
dextran: O
amine: O
into: O
superior: O
olivary: O
nucleus(SON): O
demonstrated: O
a: O
coarse: O
topographic: O
projection: O
from: O
superior: O
olivary: O
nucleus(SON): O
to: O
nucleus: O
laminaris(NL): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Immunohistochemistry: O
demonstrates: O
that: O
these: O
cochlear: B-Individual_protein
cells: O
are: O
derived: O
from: O
the: O
monocyte/macrophage: O
lineage: O
and: O
serve: O
a: O
phagocytic: O
function: O
in: O
the: O
inner: O
ear.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

There: O
was: O
less: O
evidence: O
of: O
separation: O
of: O
the: O
limb: O
representations: O
at: O
more: O
rostral: O
medullary: O
levels: O
where: O
they: O
both: O
occupied: O
predominantly: O
cuneate: O
nucleus(Cu): O
E.: O
Afferent: O
labelling: O
from: O
cutaneous: O
nerves: O
and: O
feather: O
follicles: O
was: O
distributed: O
lightly: O
throughout: O
cuneate: O
nucleus(Cu): O
and: O
cuneate: O
nucleus(Cu): O
E,: O
and: O
from: O
muscles: O
of: O
both: O
limbs: O
primarily: O
throughout: O
cuneate: O
nucleus(Cu): O
E.: O
There: O
was: O
also: O
a: O
small: O
but: O
specific: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
limbs: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract,: O
and: O
from: O
the: O
wing: O
to: O
the: O
principal: O
sensory: O
trigeminal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
receives: O
projections: O
by: O
way: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
peduncle: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
forebrain: O
bundle: O
from: O
four: O
dorsal: O
thalamic: O
nuclei:: O
nucleus: O
rotundus,: O
nucleus: O
reuniens,: O
the: O
posterior: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
and: O
nucleus: O
dorsomedialis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
posterior: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
basolateral: O
nucleus: O
also: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
posterodorsal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
parasubiculum: O
("parasubiculum: O
a": O
of: O
Blackstad,: O
'56).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
endopiriform: O
nucleus,: O
deep: O
to: O
the: O
prepiriform: O
cortex,: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
central: O
segment: O
of: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
nucleus;: O
this: O
may: O
constitute: O
the: O
major: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
input: O
into: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
nucleus,: O
since: O
little: O
or: O
no: O
projection: O
could: O
be: O
demonstrated: O
from: O
the: O
prepiriform: O
cortex: O
itself.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus(LRN): O
therefore: O
receives: O
spinal: B-Individual_protein
and: O
supraspinal: O
projections: O
within: O
at: O
least: O
its: O
rostral: O
one-half,: O
and: O
these: O
terminate: O
within: O
specific: O
areas: O
in: O
a: O
partially: O
overlapping: O
fashion,: O
whereas: O
the: O
caudal: O
one-half: O
is: O
primarily: O
a: O
spinal: O
receiving: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
intralaminar: O
and: O
other: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
to: O
the: O
caudate: O
nucleus: O
(CD),: O
putamen: O
(PU),: O
nucleus: O
accumbens: O
(Acc),: O
and: O
olfactory: O
tubercle: O
(TO): O
were: O
examined: O
in: O
the: O
cat: O
by: O
autoradiography: O
after: O
deposits: O
of: O
3H-amino: O
acids: O
in: O
individual: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
and: O
by: O
retrograde: O
cell: O
labeling: O
after: O
intrastriatal: O
deposits: O
of: O
wheat-germ-conjugated: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Woolly: O
fibers: O
are: O
also: O
found: O
in: O
a: O
number: O
of: O
other: O
basal: O
telencephalic: O
structures: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
hypothalamic: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
medial: O
nucleus: O
accumbens: O
projects: O
in: O
addition: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
septum,: O
the: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis,: O
the: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
and: O
hypothalamic: O
areas,: O
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area,: O
the: O
retrorubral: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
central: O
superior: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
tegmenti: O
pedunculopontinus,: O
and: O
the: O
central: O
gray.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens: O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
ventral: O
pallidum,: O
the: O
subcommissural: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
globus: O
pallidus,: O
the: O
entopeduncular: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra,: O
and: O
the: O
retrorubral: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
in: O
the: O
perirhinal: O
area: O
35: O
result: O
also: O
in: O
labeling: O
over: O
the: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
whereas: O
area: O
36: O
does: O
not: O
seem: O
to: O
distribute: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
hippocampus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
observations: O
demonstrate: O
that: O
the: O
orbitofrontal: O
cortex: O
has: O
cytoarchitectonically: O
organized: O
projections: O
and: O
that: O
it: O
provides: O
a: O
convergence: O
zone: O
for: O
afferents: O
from: O
heteromodal: O
association: O
and: O
limbic: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

the: O
regio: O
superior: O
and: O
the: O
regio: O
inferior): O
receive: O
a: O
strong,: O
topographically: O
organized,: O
projection: O
throughout: O
their: O
rostrocaudal: O
extent: O
from: O
the: O
regio: O
inferior: O
of: O
the: O
opposite: O
side,: O
while: O
the: O
inner: O
third: O
of: O
the: O
molecular: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
entire: O
dentate: O
gyrus: O
receives: O
a: O
topographically: O
organized: O
input: O
from: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
hilar: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
contralateral: O
dentate: O
gyrus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
medial: O
entorhinal: O
cortex: O
also: O
gives: O
rise: O
to: O
a: O
minor: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
contralateral: O
parasubiculum: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
regio: O
superior: O
of: O
the: O
contralateral: O
hippocampus: O
and: O
the: O
caudalmost: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
outer: O
molecular: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
segregation: O
of: O
electroreceptive: O
and: O
mechanoreceptive: O
information: O
is: O
maintained: O
from: O
medullary: B-Individual_protein
to: O
mesencephalic: O
levels: O
although: O
there: O
probably: O
is: O
convergence: O
within: O
the: O
central: O
tectal: O
zone: O
and: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
only: O
octaval: O
center: O
to: O
receive: O
terminals: O
from: O
secondary: O
lateral: O
line: O
fibers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
majority: O
of: O
both: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
and: O
amygdaloid: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
with: O
bifurcating: O
axons: O
originate: O
from: O
subregions: O
whose: O
cells: O
innervate: O
primarily: O
the: O
medial: O
prefrontal: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Specifically,: O
the: O
prefrontal: O
cortex: O
innervates: O
dorsal: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract(NTS): O
(lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
solitary: O
nucleus,: O
dorsal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
solitary: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
caudal: O
midline: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
commissural: O
nucleus),: O
areas: O
which: O
receive: O
relatively: O
sparse: O
subcortical: B-Individual_protein
projections.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Roughly: O
92-97%: O
of: O
lateral: O
cervical: O
nucleus(LCN): O
cells: O
project: O
contralaterally: O
to: O
thalamus;: O
an: O
additional: O
1.5%: O
project: O
ipsillaterally.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus: O
the: O
field: O
for: O
nasal: O
retina: O
extends: O
from: O
90: O
degrees: O
ipsilateral: O
through: O
to: O
the: O
midline;: O
for: O
temporal: O
retina,: O
from: O
the: O
midline: O
through: O
to: O
45: O
degrees: O
contralateral.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Axons: O
from: O
medial: O
hypothalamic: O
cells: O
appeared: O
to: O
contact: O
cholinergic: O
neurons: O
primarily: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
HDB,: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
septum/vertical: O
limb: O
of: O
the: O
diagonal: O
band: O
complex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Immunoreactive: O
fibers: O
were: O
seen: O
in: O
the: O
periventricular: O
region,: O
dorsal: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
nucleus: O
(VMNd),: O
arcuate: O
nucleus(ARC): O
,: O
and: O
external: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
median: O
eminence: O
(ME).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
of: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus: O
to: O
stress-related: O
areas: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
hypothalamus:: O
a: O
light: O
and: O
electron: O
microscopic: O
study.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cholinergic: O
enzymes: O
are: O
also: O
described: O
in: O
other: O
regions: O
which: O
may: O
be: O
involved: O
in: O
budgerigar: O
vocal: O
behavior,: O
including: O
the: O
basal: O
forebrain,: O
the: O
torus: O
semicircularis,: O
and: O
the: O
hypoglossal: O
nuclei: O
(nXII).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
paralaminar: O
nucleus,: O
central: O
nucleus,: O
medial: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
periamygdaloid: O
cortex: O
contained: O
the: O
lowest: O
densities: O
of: O
calretinin: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Previous: O
studies: O
found: O
that: O
many: O
cells: O
possess: O
bifurcating: O
axons: O
and: O
innervate: O
more: O
than: O
one: O
cortical: O
or: O
subcortical: O
target,: O
but: O
cells: O
projecting: O
to: O
both: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
and: O
subcortical: B-Individual_protein
targets: O
were: O
not: O
observed.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
8: O
weeks: O
after: O
cervical: O
spinal: O
cord: O
hemisection,: O
40%: O
of: O
the: O
axotomized: O
Clarke: O
nucleus(CN): O
neurons: O
had: O
been: O
lost,: O
and: O
the: O
remaining: O
cells: O
exhibited: O
marked: O
atrophy.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Single: O
cells: O
were: O
also: O
recorded: O
from: O
primary: O
visual: O
cortex: O
of: O
cat: O
to: O
permit: O
a: O
comparison: O
of: O
visual: O
cortical: O
organization: O
in: O
cats: O
and: O
rabbits.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Relatively: O
minor: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
torus: O
semicircularis: O
arise: O
in: O
the: O
contralateral: O
superior: O
olive,: O
ipsilateral: O
dorsal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
eighth: O
nerve,: O
and: O
the: O
ventral: O
division: O
of: O
both: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
and: O
contralateral: O
eighth: O
nerve: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
from: O
orbitofrontal: O
cortex: O
to: O
anterior: O
piriform: O
cortex: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
suggest: O
a: O
role: O
in: O
olfactory: O
information: O
processing.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

beta-endorphin(beta: O
E): O
-immunoreactive: O
fibers: O
were: O
primarily: O
localized: O
to: O
the: O
preoptic: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
periventricular: O
nucleus,: O
with: O
moderate: O
densities: O
of: O
fibers: O
contained: O
in: O
the: O
anteroventral: O
periventricular: O
nucleus: O
(AVPv): O
and: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
nucleus: O
(MPN).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

As: O
in: O
the: O
LGd,: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
from: O
each: O
eye: B-Individual_protein
terminate: O
in: O
discrete: O
eye-specific: O
zones: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(MGN): O
of: O
rewired: O
wild-type: O
and: O
ephrin-A2/A5: O
knockout: O
mice.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
hypothesize: O
that: O
this: O
is: O
the: O
period: O
during: O
which: O
an: O
interaction: O
normally: O
occurs: O
between: O
primary: O
trigeminal: O
afferents: O
and: O
target: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
principal: O
sensory: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
present: O
study: O
shows: O
that: O
the: O
thoracic: O
dorsal: O
spinocerebellar: O
tract(DSCT): O
projects: O
bilaterally,: O
but: O
predominantly: O
ipsilaterally,: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
the: O
anterior: O
and: O
posterior: O
interpositus: O
nuclei: O
and: O
suggests: O
that: O
it: O
conveys: O
input: O
related: O
to: O
posture: O
and: O
movement: O
of: O
the: O
trunk: O
and: O
respiratory: O
movement: O
of: O
the: O
thorax.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Octavus: O
nerve: O
afferents: O
enter: O
the: O
medulla: B-Individual_protein
and: O
terminate: O
primarily: O
within: O
the: O
four: O
octaval: O
nuclei: O
that: O
comprise: O
the: O
ventral: O
longitudinal: O
column.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Axons: O
of: O
nucleus: O
C: O
neurons: O
have: O
one: O
branch: O
that: O
ramifies: O
densely: O
within: O
the: O
medullary: O
relay: O
nucleus,: O
forming: O
large: O
club: O
endings: O
on: O
the: O
medullary: O
relay: O
neuron: O
soma.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Diencephalic: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
the: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
arise: O
from: O
the: O
ventral: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
complex: O
ipsilaterally: O
and: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
nucleus,: O
suprapeduncular: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
supraoptic: O
decussation: O
bilaterally.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Numerous: O
growth: O
hormone-releasing: O
hormone-like: O
peptides(GHRH-LP): O
-immunoreactive: O
fibers: O
(also: O
labeled: O
by: O
both: O
antisera): O
probably: O
originate: O
from: O
the: O
gustatory/visceral: O
nucleus: O
to: O
innervate: O
the: O
ventral: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
telencephalon,: B-Individual_protein
preglomerular: O
nuclei,: O
torus: O
lateralis: O
and: O
hypothalamic: B-Individual_protein
diffuse: O
nucleus,: O
habenula,: O
torus: O
semicircularis,: O
and: O
dorsolateral: O
funiculus: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
demonstrated: O
high: O
Transforming: O
growth: O
factors-beta1(TGF-beta1): O
expression: O
in: O
cerebral: O
cortex,: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
central: O
amygdaloid: O
nucleus,: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
area,: O
hypothalamic: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus,: O
substantia: O
nigra,: O
brainstem: O
reticular: O
formation: O
and: O
motoneurons,: O
and: O
area: O
postrema.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Retrogradely: O
labelled: O
cell: O
bodies: O
were: O
consistently: O
seen: O
in: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
zona: O
incerta: O
but: O
never: O
in: O
to: O
dorsal: O
thalamic: O
nuclei(TRN): O
,: O
suggesting: O
that,: O
in: O
the: O
rat,: O
to: O
dorsal: O
thalamic: O
nuclei(TRN): O
neurons: O
do: O
not: O
project: O
caudal: O
to: O
the: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
this: O
time: O
interhemispheric: O
axons: O
from: O
area: O
17: O
have: O
begun: O
to: O
accumulate: O
in: O
the: O
opposite: O
visual: O
cortex,: O
although: O
they: O
have: O
not: O
invaded: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
layers.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
commissural: B-Individual_protein
fibers: O
from: O
the: O
piriform: O
cortex: O
are: O
largely: O
restricted: O
in: O
their: O
origin: O
to: O
layer: O
IIb(II): O
b: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
piriform: O
cortex: O
and: O
in: O
their: O
termination: O
on: O
the: O
contralteral: O
side: O
to: O
the: O
posterior: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
piriform: O
cortex: O
and: O
adjacent: O
olfactory: O
cortical: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
former: O
include: O
inputs: O
to: O
anterior: O
hypothalamic: O
nucleus,: O
dorsomedial: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
ventral: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
premammillary: O
nucleus: O
(defensive: O
behavior: O
control: O
system: O
components),: O
and: O
to: O
lateral: O
habenula: O
and: O
dorsal: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
premammillary: O
nucleus: O
(foraging: O
behavior: O
control: O
system: O
components).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

dorsal,: O
lateral,: O
and: O
ventral: O
reticular: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
medulla,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
gigantocellular,: B-Individual_protein
lateral: O
paragigantocellular,: O
linear,: O
paramedian: O
and: O
parvicellular: O
reticular: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
that: O
were: O
restricted: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
tip: O
of: O
the: O
globus: O
pallidus: O
led: O
to: O
the: O
anterograde: O
labeling: O
of: O
a: O
small: O
number: O
of: O
fibres: O
that: O
were: O
sparsely: O
distributed: O
in: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
reticulata(SNr): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
entire: O
vomeronasal: O
nerve: O
and: O
all: O
glomeruli: O
were: O
stained: O
in: O
the: O
accessory: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
but: O
olfactory: O
nerve: O
and: O
glomerular: O
staining: O
were: O
restricted: O
to: O
the: O
dorsal: O
half: O
of: O
the: O
main: O
olfactory: O
bulb.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Additionally,: O
in: O
an: O
attempt: O
to: O
determine: O
whether: O
there: O
is: O
an: O
intranuclear: O
specificity: O
of: O
projections: O
from: O
individual: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
to: O
different: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
the: O
parietal: O
lobe,: O
multiple: O
retrograde: O
fluorescent: O
tracers: O
were: O
injected: O
into: O
the: O
rostral: O
to: O
caudal: O
sectors: O
of: O
the: O
parietal: O
lobe: O
of: O
the: O
same: O
animal.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

middle: O
temporal: O
visual: O
area(MT): O
is: O
a: O
small,: O
elliptically: O
shaped: O
area: O
on: O
the: O
posterior: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal: O
sulcus: O
which: O
can: O
be: O
identified: O
by: O
its: O
direct: O
inputs: O
from: O
striate: O
cortex: O
and: O
by: O
its: O
distinctive: O
pattern: O
of: O
heavy: O
myelination.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Together: O
with: O
evidence: O
that: O
the: O
dorsal: O
and: O
ventral: O
temporal: O
pole: O
are: O
differentially: O
connected: O
to: O
auditory: O
and: O
visual: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
and: O
inferior: O
temporal: O
cortex,: O
the: O
results: O
indicate: O
separate: O
connections: O
between: O
these: O
systems: O
and: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
orbital: O
prefrontal: O
networks.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
results: O
suggest: O
that: O
parasagittal: O
zones: O
within: O
the: O
pyramis: O
and: O
copula: O
pyramidis: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
cerebellum: B-Individual_protein
receive: O
highly: O
ordered: O
and: O
differential: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
inferior: O
olivary: O
complex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Connections: O
of: O
the: O
ventroposterior: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
with: O
the: O
body: O
surface: O
representations: O
in: O
cortical: O
areas: O
3b: O
and: O
1: O
of: O
the: O
cynomolgus: O
macaque,: O
(Macaca: O
fascicularis).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Labeled: O
neurons: O
or: O
zones: O
of: O
terminations: O
were: O
found: O
outside: O
ventroposterior: O
nucleus(VP): O
in: O
other: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
somatosensory: O
thalamus: O
only: O
when: O
injection: O
sites: O
extended: O
into: O
cortex: O
outside: O
Areas: O
3b: O
and: O
1.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

dioctadecyl: O
3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine: O
perchlorate(DiI): O
application: O
to: O
the: O
torus: O
lateralis(TL): O
/: O
tertiary: O
gustatory: O
nucleus(TGN): O
anterogradely: O
labeled: O
fibers: O
that: O
coursed: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
forebrain: O
bundle: O
innervating: O
the: O
precommissural: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal-Vv: O
and: O
Dm.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Retinal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(DLGN): O
and: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
are: O
also: O
well: O
established: O
in: O
snakes,: O
but: O
the: O
status: O
of: O
the: O
tecto-rotundal: O
link: O
of: O
the: O
indirect: O
visual: O
pathway: O
is: O
uncertain.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Bilateral: O
ascending: O
projections: O
reach: O
the: O
pretectal: O
area,: O
nucleus: O
lentiformis: O
mescencephali,: O
lateral: O
habenular: O
nuclei,: O
and: O
posterodorsal: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
adult,: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
following: O
injection: O
of: O
retrograde: O
tracer: O
in: O
the: O
pyramidal: O
tract: O
occupied: O
less: O
than: O
a: O
third: O
of: O
the: O
neocortex: B-Individual_protein
and: O
were: O
centred: O
on: O
the: O
anterior: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
coronal: O
and: O
spleniocruciate: O
gyri.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Other: O
relatively: O
sparse,: O
but: O
distinct,: O
projections: O
of: O
nucleus: O
robustus: O
were: O
found: O
to: O
nucleus: O
dorsolateralis: O
anterior: O
thalami,: O
pars: O
medialis,: O
to: O
a: O
narrow: O
region: O
between: O
the: O
superior: O
olivary: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
spinal: O
lemniscus,: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
rostral: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
patterns: O
of: O
afferent: O
innervation: O
of: O
the: O
core: O
and: O
shell: O
in: O
the: O
"accumbens": O
part: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
ventral: O
striatum:: O
immunohistochemical: O
detection: O
of: O
retrogradely: O
transported: O
fluoro-gold.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
proposal: O
that: O
separate: O
populations: O
of: O
subicular: B-Individual_protein
cells: O
provide: O
the: O
direct: O
hippocampal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
the: O
mammillary: O
bodies: O
and: O
anterior: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
was: O
tested: O
by: O
placing: O
two: O
different: O
fluorescent: O
tracers: O
in: O
these: O
two: O
sites.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
pattern: O
of: O
labeling: O
in: O
the: O
pontine: O
nuclei(PN): O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
tegmenti: O
pontis(NRTP): O
was: O
compared: O
with: O
that: O
of: O
cerebellonuclear: O
terminals: O
in: O
two: O
other: O
target: O
structures,: O
the: O
parvocellular: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
ruber: O
(RNp): O
and: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
and: O
ventrolateral: O
thalamus: O
(VM/VL).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Taken: O
together,: O
our: O
results: O
demonstrate: O
that: O
olfactory: O
glomeruli: O
in: O
Xenopus: O
laevis: O
tadpoles: O
(1): O
are: O
fully: O
functional,: O
(2): O
are: O
spheroidal: O
neuropil: O
aggregations: O
of: O
terminal: O
tufts: O
of: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
receptor: O
neurons(ORNs): O
and: O
tufts: O
of: O
primary: O
dendrites: O
of: O
mitral/tufted(M/T): O
cells,: O
and: O
(3): O
are: O
not: O
enwrapped: O
by: O
a: O
border: O
formed: O
by: O
juxtaglomerular: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Axons: O
of: O
the: O
ICX: B-Individual_protein
were: O
observed: O
to: O
grow: O
into: O
the: O
optic: O
tectum(OT): O
from: O
embryonic: O
day: O
16: O
(E16): O
on.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
found: O
that: O
the: O
anterogradely: O
labeled: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
axons: O
formed: O
a: O
patchy: O
distribution: O
in: O
the: O
contralateral: O
sensorimotor: O
cortex,: O
which: O
was: O
similar: O
to: O
the: O
pattern: O
of: O
adult: O
connectivity: O
described: O
in: O
earlier: O
studies: O
of: O
the: O
rodent: O
corpus: O
callosum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
used: O
three: O
labels: O
to: O
define: O
the: O
borders: O
of: O
the: O
higher: O
vocal: O
center(HVC): O
in: O
male: O
Gambel's: O
white-crowned: O
sparrows: O
(Zonotrichia: O
leucophrys: O
gambelii):: O
Nissl: O
staining,: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
acetylcholinesterase-positive: O
neuropil,: O
and: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
another: O
song: O
nucleus,: O
area: O
X.: O
The: O
higher: O
vocal: O
center(HVC): O
was: O
larger: O
in: O
males: O
exposed: O
to: O
a: O
breeding: O
photoperiod: O
and: O
testosterone: O
concentrations: O
than: O
in: O
males: O
exposed: O
to: O
a: O
nonbreeding: O
photoperiod: O
and: O
testosterone: O
concentrations,: O
regardless: O
of: O
which: O
of: O
these: O
three: O
methods: O
was: O
used: O
to: O
define: O
the: O
borders: O
of: O
the: O
higher: O
vocal: O
center(HVC): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

High: O
levels: O
of: O
binding: O
were: O
also: O
observed: O
in: O
other: O
regions: O
rich: O
in: O
dopaminergic: O
neurons: O
and: O
fibers: O
including: O
the: O
glomerular: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
the: O
intermediate: O
lobe: O
of: O
the: O
pituitary,: O
lateral: O
septum,: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
pars: O
compacta,: O
interfascicular: O
nucleus,: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus,: O
locus: O
coeruleus,: O
and: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Information: O
from: O
spinal: O
cord: O
and: O
pontine: O
nuclei: O
and: O
from: O
outputs: O
descending: O
from: O
the: O
forebrain: B-Individual_protein
may: O
be: O
relayed: O
in: O
the: O
CTFl.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
sections: O
processed: O
to: O
reveal: O
anterogradely: O
labelled: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
fibres: O
and: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase(TH): O
-immunoreactive: O
structures,: O
individual: O
spines: O
of: O
striatal: B-Individual_protein
neurones: O
were: O
found: O
to: O
receive: O
convergent: O
synaptic: O
inputs: O
from: O
both: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
and: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase(TH): O
-immunoreactive: O
boutons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

However,: O
neurons: O
in: O
visual: O
areas: O
in: O
the: O
suprasylvian: O
sulci: O
(LSA): O
can: O
be: O
activated: O
from: O
both: O
eyes,: O
since: O
the: O
input: O
from: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
eye: O
is: O
relayed: O
to: O
them: O
by: O
the: O
corpus: O
callosum: O
(Marzi: O
et: O
al.,: O
'80).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
orbital: O
prefrontal: O
network,: O
which: O
includes: O
areas: O
in: O
the: O
central: O
and: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
orbital: O
cortex,: O
is: O
connected: O
with: O
vision-related: O
areas: O
in: O
the: O
inferior: O
temporal: O
cortex: O
(especially: O
area: O
TEav): O
and: O
the: O
fundus: O
and: O
ventral: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal: O
sulcus: O
(STSf/v),: O
and: O
with: O
somatic: O
sensory-related: O
areas: O
in: O
the: O
frontal: O
operculum: O
(OPf): O
and: O
dysgranular: O
insular: O
area: O
(Id).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
medial: O
prefrontal: O
network: O
includes: O
areas: O
on: O
the: O
medial: O
surface: O
of: O
the: O
frontal: O
lobe,: O
medial: O
orbital: O
areas,: O
and: O
two: O
caudolateral: O
orbital: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Also: O
on: O
the: O
unlesioned: O
side,: O
peptidergic: O
axons,: O
immunoreactive: O
for: O
both: O
calcitonin: O
gene-related: O
peptide(CGRP): O
and: O
substance: O
P,: O
could: O
be: O
traced: O
from: O
the: O
olfactory: O
nerve: O
into: O
the: O
glomerular: O
layer: O
throughout: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb,: O
but: O
especially: O
into: O
its: O
rostral: O
third.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Less: O
labeling: O
was: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
prepositus: O
hypoglossi,: O
the: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei,: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
vestibular: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
lateral: O
vestibular: O
nucleus,: O
pars: O
ventralis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Small: O
deposits: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
marked: O
significant: O
numbers: O
of: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
contralateral: O
colliculus: O
only: O
when: O
the: O
injection: O
site: O
included: O
the: O
laminae: O
ventral: O
to: O
the: O
stratum: O
opticum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus,: O
the: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
receives: O
inputs: O
from: O
different: O
structures,: O
including: O
a: O
strong: O
dopaminergic: O
innervation: O
from: O
the: O
diencephalon.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Significantly,: O
TMB: O
demonstrated: O
that: O
the: O
systemic: O
protein: O
entered: O
the: O
cerebrospinal: O
fluid.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
present: O
study: O
suggests: O
that: O
acetylcholinesterase(AChE): O
-containing: O
nerves: O
on: O
the: O
cerebral: B-Individual_protein
arteries: O
arise: O
from: O
the: O
acetylcholinesterase(AChE): O
-positive: O
nerve: O
bundles,: O
which: O
enter: O
the: O
cranial: O
cavity: O
with: O
the: O
ethmoidal: O
nerve(EN): O
through: O
the: O
ethmoid: O
foramen;: O
The: O
anterior: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
circle: O
of: O
Willis: O
is: O
innervated: O
unilaterally: O
by: O
the: O
acetylcholinesterase(AChE): O
-positive: O
nerve: O
bundles: O
from: O
the: O
ethmoidal: O
foramen,: O
whereas: O
the: O
basilar: O
artery(BA): O
receives: O
bilateral: O
innervation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

For: O
example,: O
in: O
the: O
agranular: O
anterior: O
cingulate: O
cortex,: O
labeled: O
cell: O
bodies: O
were: O
distributed: O
throughout: O
layers: O
II,: O
III,: O
and: O
V.: O
In: O
other: O
regions,: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
posterior: O
cingulate: O
cortex,: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
were: O
present: O
in: O
layers: O
II,: O
III,: O
and: O
IV.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast,: O
the: O
anterior: O
and: O
posterior: O
rami: O
of: O
the: O
eighth: O
nerve: O
each: O
terminate: O
within: O
four: O
medullary: O
nuclei: O
which: O
comprise: O
the: O
octavus: O
cell: O
column:: O
the: O
anterior,: O
magnocellular,: O
descending,: O
and: O
posterior: O
octavus: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Findings: O
also: O
indicate: O
that: O
the: O
lateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
uvula: O
receives: O
input: O
mainly: O
from: O
the: O
pontine: O
nuclei,: O
whereas: O
the: O
medial: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
uvula: O
receives: O
input: O
mainly: O
from: O
the: O
vestibular: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Corticobulbar: O
projections: O
from: O
infralimbic(IL): O
originated: O
from: O
neurons: O
arranged: O
in: O
a: O
thin: O
lamina: O
in: O
the: O
deep: O
part: O
of: O
layer: O
V.: O
Very: O
few: O
neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
both: O
the: O
amygdaloid: O
complex: O
and: O
any: O
of: O
these: O
areas: O
were: O
observed.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Double-labeling: O
experiments: O
show: O
that: O
GIRK: O
subunits: O
are: O
present: O
in: O
most: O
of: O
the: O
5-HT(1A): O
receptor-expressing: O
cells: O
in: O
hippocampus,: B-Individual_protein
cerebral: O
cortex,: O
septum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
suprageniculate-limitans: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
main: O
input: O
to: O
which: O
is: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus,: O
projects: O
upon: O
the: O
granular: O
insular: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
cortex.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
extrathalamic: O
relay: O
from: O
the: O
brainstem: O
reticular: O
formation: O
to: O
the: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
in: O
the: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
has: O
been: O
thought: O
to: O
be: O
constituted: O
predominantly,: O
if: O
not: O
exclusively,: O
by: O
cholinergic: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
found: O
that: O
there: O
was: O
an: O
organized: O
arrangement: O
of: O
connections: O
between: O
the: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
perirhinal: O
and: O
parahippocampal(PRPH): O
cortices: O
and: O
that: O
the: O
deep: O
(lateral,: O
basal,: O
and: O
accessory: O
basal): O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
amygdaloid: O
complex: O
were: O
the: O
source: O
of: O
most: O
connections: O
between: O
the: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
perirhinal: O
and: O
parahippocampal(PRPH): O
cortices.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
temporal: O
polar: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
perirhinal: O
cortex: O
had: O
the: O
strongest: O
and: O
most: O
widespread: O
interconnections: O
with: O
the: O
amygdala.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
selective: O
distribution: O
of: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
connections: O
was: O
confirmed: O
by: O
injection: O
tritiated: O
amino: O
acids: O
into: O
the: O
amygdala.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

An: O
important: O
finding: O
to: O
emerge: O
from: O
this: O
work: O
is: O
that: O
the: O
telencephalon: B-Individual_protein
of: O
zebra: O
finches: O
at: O
hatching: O
contains: O
a: O
thick: O
proliferative: O
subventricular: O
zone: O
(SVZ): O
that: O
extends: O
from: O
the: O
subpallium: O
into: O
the: O
dorsal: O
pallium.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
from: O
M: O
to: O
non-vomeronasal: O
areas: O
terminate: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
area-anterior: O
hypothalamic: O
junction,: O
ventromedial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
ventral: O
premammillary: O
nucleus: O
and: O
possibly: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
subiculum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
in: O
both: O
mice: O
is: O
divisible: O
into: O
three: O
parts:: O
the: O
anteroventral,: O
posteroventral,: O
and: O
dorsal: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Multipolar: O
cells: O
are: O
also: O
present: O
in: O
the: O
anteroventral: O
nucleus: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
deep: O
region: O
and: O
molecular: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cochlear: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition: O
to: O
Rohon-Beard: O
neurons,: O
five: O
other: O
neuronal: O
populations: O
begin: O
generation: O
during: O
gastrulation:: O
Mauthner: O
neurons: O
(Vargas-Lizardi: O
and: O
Lyser,: O
'74),: O
trigeminal: O
ganglion: O
cells,: O
large: O
basal: O
plate: O
cells: O
of: O
the: O
medulla,: O
extramedullary: O
neurons,: O
and: O
primary: O
motor: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Abundant: O
CB1: O
mRNA: O
positive: O
neurons: O
are: O
localized: O
throughout: O
the: O
gray: O
matter: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord,: O
in: O
particular: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
and: O
ventral: O
fields,: O
where: O
labeled: O
motor: O
neurons: O
are: O
also: O
observed.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
hypothesize: O
that: O
distinct: O
components: O
of: O
the: O
central: O
nervous: O
system(CNS): O
response: O
to: O
immune: O
system: O
activation: O
may: O
be: O
mediated: O
by: O
prostaglandins: O
produced: O
at: O
specific: O
intracranial: O
sites: O
such: O
as: O
the: O
preoptic: O
area: O
(altered: O
sleep: O
and: O
thermoregulation),: O
medulla: O
(adrenal: O
corticosteroid: O
response),: O
and: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
(headache: O
and: O
encephalopathy).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
resulting: O
gaps: O
in: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
innervation: O
of: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
indicated: O
that: O
the: O
projection: O
is: O
retinotopographically: O
ordered: O
to: O
a: O
precision: O
of: O
about: O
50: O
micrometer.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Area: O
T3: O
receives: O
signals: O
from: O
the: O
insular: O
and: O
retroinsular: O
cortex,: O
various: O
parts: O
of: O
area: O
7,: O
visual: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
parieto-occipital: O
and: O
parieto-temporal: O
regions: O
(area: O
19): O
and: O
from: O
a: O
sector: O
of: O
the: O
upper: O
bank: O
of: O
the: O
temporal: O
sulcus: O
(STS-area).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
anatomical: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
claustrum: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
motor: O
and: O
prefrontal: O
cortical: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
cat's: O
brain: O
was: O
investigated.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Both: O
retrograde: O
(single: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
or: O
double: O
fluorochrome: O
deposits: O
in: O
the: O
cortex): O
and: O
anterograde: O
(peroxidase-labeled: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin: O
deposits: O
in: O
the: O
claustrum): O
tracing: O
techniques: O
were: O
used.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Tracer: O
injections: O
within: O
cortex: O
including: O
the: O
frontal: O
eye: O
fields: O
(areas: O
46: O
and: O
8): O
labeled: O
areas: O
TPOc,: O
TPOi,: O
and: O
TPOr.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
findings: O
support: O
the: O
parcellation: O
of: O
area: O
TPO: O
into: O
three: O
subdivisions: O
and: O
extend: O
findings: O
of: O
chemoarchitectonic: O
modules: O
within: O
high-order: O
association: O
cortices.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

MHb: O
efferents: O
form: O
the: O
core: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
fasciculus: O
retroflexus: O
and: O
pass: O
to: O
the: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus: O
(IP): O
in: O
which: O
they: O
terminate: O
in: O
a: O
topographic: O
pattern: O
that: O
refects: O
90: O
degrees: O
rotations: O
such: O
that: O
dorsal: O
MHb: O
projects: O
to: O
lateral: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IP): O
,: O
medial: O
MHb: O
to: O
ventral,: O
and: O
lateral: O
MHb: O
to: O
dorsal: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IP): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
peak: O
ganglion: O
cell: O
density: O
was: O
lower: O
and: O
the: O
ganglion: O
cells: O
usually: O
larger: O
than: O
at: O
the: O
area: O
centralis: O
of: O
the: O
normally: O
pigmented: O
cat,: O
and: O
the: O
characteristic: O
blood: O
vessel: O
pattern: O
around: O
the: O
area: O
centralis: O
was: O
less: O
developed.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Outside: O
the: O
bed: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis(BST): O
,: O
the: O
bed: O
nuclei: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis(BST): O
fu: O
provides: O
dense: O
inputs: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens,: O
caudal: O
substantia: O
innominata: O
and: O
central: O
amygdalar: O
nucleus,: O
thalamic: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus,: O
hypothalamic: O
paraventricular: O
and: O
periventricular: O
nuclei,: O
hypothalamic: B-Individual_protein
dorsomedial: O
nucleus,: O
perifornical: O
lateral: O
hypothalamic: O
area,: O
and: O
lateral: O
tegmental: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
A2A: O
adenosine: O
receptor: O
(A2A-AR): O
transcript: O
and: O
radioligand: O
binding: O
sites: O
have: O
a: O
distinct: O
distribution: O
in: O
rat: O
brain,: O
restricted: O
primarily: O
to: O
the: O
striatum,: O
nucleus: O
accumbens: O
and: O
olfactory: O
tubercles.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition: O
to: O
descending: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
secondary: O
general: O
visceral: O
nucleus(SVN): O
and: O
medullary: O
structures: O
to: O
the: O
primary: O
centers,: O
long: O
descending: O
pathways: O
to: O
the: O
secondary: O
general: O
visceral: O
nucleus(SVN): O
,: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Cajal(NCC): O
,: O
and: O
area: O
postrema(AP): O
were: O
found: O
to: O
originate: O
from: O
the: O
pVN,: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
recess,: O
posterior: O
thalamic: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
preoptic: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ipsilateral: O
nucleus: O
praeopticus: O
magnocellularis: O
reaches: O
the: O
medulla: O
spinalis.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
somatosensory: O
cortex,: O
the: O
pattern: O
of: O
Cholecystokinin(CCK): O
binding: O
in: O
layer: O
IV: O
coincided: O
with: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
inputs: O
arising: O
from: O
the: O
ventrobasal: O
complex,: O
while: O
in: O
the: O
posterior: O
cingulate: O
gyrus,: O
insular: O
cortex,: O
and: O
retrosplenial: O
cortex,: O
layer: O
IV: O
and: O
lower: O
III: O
binding: O
mirrored: O
the: O
laminar: O
distribution: O
of: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
pulvinar.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

As: O
the: O
descriptions: O
of: O
the: O
IP-RL,: B-Individual_protein
IP-L,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
IP-CL: O
were: O
inconsistent: O
with: O
previous: O
reports,: O
they: O
were: O
reevaluated;: O
the: O
IP-RL: O
was: O
proposed: O
as: O
the: O
region: O
situated: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
portion: O
at: O
rostral: O
levels: O
and: O
characterized: O
by: O
the: O
lack: O
of: O
enkephalin(ENK): O
and: O
substance: O
P(SP): O
immunoreactive: O
structures,: O
the: O
IP-L: O
as: O
the: O
region: O
situated: O
throughout: O
the: O
rostrocaudal: O
extent: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IPN): O
and: O
containing: O
the: O
highest: O
density: O
of: O
substance: O
P(SP): O
immunoreactive: O
fibers: O
but: O
no: O
enkephalin(ENK): O
immunoreactive: O
fibers,: O
and: O
the: O
IP-CL: O
as: O
the: O
region: O
situated: O
just: O
laterocaudal: O
to: O
the: O
IP-L: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
pole: O
of: O
the: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus(IPN): O
and: O
containing: O
enkephalin(ENK): O
immunoreactive: O
cells: O
and: O
fibers: O
but: O
no: O
substance: O
P(SP): O
immunoreactive: O
structures.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
particular,: O
a: O
strong: O
dendritic: O
projection: O
extended: O
within: O
the: O
lateral: O
marginal: O
zone: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
close: O
to: O
Lissauer's: O
tract: O
and: O
horizontal: O
dendrites: O
projected: O
well: O
into: O
the: O
contralateral: O
gray: O
matter,: O
some: O
reaching: O
the: O
contralateral: O
sacral: O
parasympathetic: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Other: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
tegmental: O
field: O
and: O
the: O
pons: O
that: O
contain: O
both: O
serotoninergic: O
neurons: O
and: O
neuronal: O
afferents: O
to: O
the: O
hypoglossal: O
nucleus: O
contain: O
no: O
double-labeled: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Multiple: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin: O
conjugated: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(WGA-HRP): O
injections: O
at: O
several: O
rostrocaudal: O
levels: O
of: O
periaqueductal: O
gray(PAG): O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
large: O
numbers: O
of: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
area;: O
labeled: O
cells: O
were: O
primarily: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
median: O
preoptic: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
region: O
lateral: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus: O
to: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
in: O
rats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Retrograde: O
tracing: O
data: O
revealed: O
that: O
medium-sized: O
multipolar: O
cells: O
from: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
reticular: O
nucleus(LRN): O
project: O
to: O
the: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
(CN).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast,: O
the: O
foveal-to-peripheral: O
axis: O
of: O
the: O
nasal: O
retina: O
is: O
re-formed: O
in: O
a: O
gross: O
dorsoventral: O
order: O
in: O
the: O
chiasm.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Phosphorylation-dependent: O
epitopes: O
on: O
neurofilament: O
proteins: O
and: O
neurofilament: O
densities: O
differ: O
in: O
axons: O
in: O
the: O
corticospinal: O
and: O
primary: O
sensory: O
dorsal: O
column: O
tracts: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
is: O
possible: O
that: O
each: O
of: O
these: O
columns: O
of: O
olivary: B-Individual_protein
neurones: O
may: O
be: O
further: O
subdivided: O
in: O
the: O
rostro-caudal: O
axis: O
so: O
that: O
different: O
sections: O
project: O
to: O
different: O
medio-lateral: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
cortex.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
fact: O
that: O
the: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
deep: O
nuclei: O
is: O
primarily: O
contralateral,: O
while: O
the: O
supraoculomotor: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
to: O
the: O
deep: O
nuclei: O
is: O
primarily: O
ipsilateral,: O
suggests: O
that: O
this: O
may: O
not: O
be: O
a: O
simple: O
feedback: O
system,: O
but: O
may: O
instead: O
be: O
involved: O
in: O
balancing: O
the: O
gains: O
in: O
the: O
two: O
eyes.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

There: O
are: O
reciprocal: O
association: O
projections: O
between: O
area: O
17: O
and: O
areas: O
18a: O
and: O
18b.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
involving: O
the: O
oral: O
end: O
of: O
the: O
rostral: O
red: O
nucleus: O
elicited: O
label: O
overlying: O
the: O
medial: O
accessory: O
olive: O
in: O
addition: O
to: O
the: O
principal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Fibers: O
within: O
the: O
medial: O
olfactory: O
tract: O
form: O
four: O
telencephalic: O
terminal: O
fields:: O
peduncular,: O
medial,: O
intermediate: O
and: O
posterior: O
fields.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
the: O
retrograde: O
tracer: O
Fluoro-Gold: O
(FG),: O
restricted: O
to: O
the: O
amygdala,: B-Individual_protein
labeled: O
several: O
hundred: O
neurons: O
bilaterally: O
(60%: O
contralateral): O
throughout: O
the: O
length: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
Fluoro-Gold: O
that: O
were: O
centered: O
in: O
the: O
orbital: O
cortex: O
labeled: O
only: O
a: O
small: O
number: O
of: O
neurons: O
(73%: O
contralateral): O
within: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
assessed: O
the: O
effects: O
of: O
15: O
pigmentation: O
mutations: O
on: O
the: O
development: O
of: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cell: O
projections: O
in: O
mice: O
in: O
two: O
ways:: O
(1): O
by: O
analyzing: O
the: O
pattern: O
of: O
innervation: O
of: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
as: O
mapped: O
in: O
autoradiograms: O
of: O
brains: O
of: O
animals: O
killed: O
12: O
days: O
after: O
intravitreal: O
injection: O
of: O
3H-proline: O
into: O
one: O
eye: O
and: O
(2): O
by: O
determining: O
the: O
ratio: O
of: O
axonally: O
transported: O
radioactive: O
protein: O
in: O
the: O
contralateral: O
and: O
ipsilateral: O
optic: O
tracts: O
after: O
similar: O
intravitreal: O
injections.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

For: O
example,: O
collaterals: O
of: O
fibers: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
vestibulocerebellum: B-Individual_protein
terminated: O
in: O
the: O
vestibular: O
or: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei;: O
collaterals: O
of: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
inferior: O
olive: O
terminated: O
in: O
the: O
pontine: O
nuclei;: O
many: O
individual: O
neurons: O
projected: O
to: O
the: O
interstitial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Cajal,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
Darkshewitsch,: O
and: O
the: O
central: O
gray: O
and: O
also: O
projected: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
ruber: O
and: O
the: O
mesencephalic: O
reticular: O
formation;: O
collaterals: O
of: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
contralateral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
optic: O
root: O
terminated: O
in: O
the: O
mesencephalic: O
reticular: O
formation: O
and/or: O
the: O
area: O
ventralis: O
of: O
Tsai;: O
neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
lentiformis: O
mesencephali: O
also: O
terminated: O
in: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
thalamus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
was: O
found: O
that: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(DLG): O
projects: O
to: O
area: O
19: O
and: O
the: O
anterior: O
portion: O
of: O
area: O
18: O
located: O
on: O
the: O
lateral,: O
ventral,: O
and: O
ventromedial: O
surfaces: O
of: O
the: O
hemisphere.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

While: O
the: O
latter: O
result: O
does: O
not: O
prove: O
that: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(DLG): O
-prestriate: O
cells: O
do: O
not: O
receive: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
input,: O
one: O
conclusion: O
is: O
that: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus(DLG): O
-prestriate: O
projection: O
could: O
be: O
organized: O
like: O
pulvino-prestriate: O
systems: O
which: O
receive: O
their: O
inputs: O
from: O
the: O
midbrain: B-Individual_protein
and: O
cortex.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

By: O
using: O
digital: O
images: O
of: O
mouse: O
brain: O
sections: O
and: O
stereological: O
techniques,: O
we: O
estimated: O
the: O
volume: O
of: O
the: O
combined: O
lateral: O
and: O
third: O
ventricles,: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
the: O
volume: O
of: O
the: O
entire: O
brain,: O
in: O
228: O
AXB: O
and: O
BXA: O
recombinant: O
inbred: O
mice: O
and: O
their: O
parent: O
strains: O
(A/J: O
and: O
C57BL/6J).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
EAAC1: O
protein: O
was: O
found: O
to: O
be: O
increased: O
in: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
pars: O
reticulata: O
of: O
the: O
lesioned: O
rats: O
but: O
not: O
in: O
the: O
striatum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Other: O
foci: O
in: O
caudal: O
neocortex: O
indicate: O
the: O
possible: O
locations: O
of: O
additional: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
association: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projections: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
to: O
the: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
have: O
been: O
studied: O
in: O
the: O
monkey,: O
Macaca: O
mulatta,: O
with: O
anterograde: O
degeneration: O
techniques.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
involving: O
the: O
retrosplenial: O
cortex: O
resulted: O
in: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
within: O
the: O
retrosplenial: O
cortex: O
and: O
in: O
areas: O
23: O
and: O
31: O
(approximately: O
78%: O
of: O
the: O
total: O
labeled: O
cells).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
second: O
module: O
includes: O
a: O
medial: O
parasagittal: O
region: O
located: O
in: O
lobules: O
IX: O
and: O
X.: O
It: O
receives: O
afferents: O
from: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
outgrowth: O
(vlo): O
and/or: O
beta: O
nucleus: O
(: O
ventrolateral: O
outgrowth(vlo): O
+: O
beta: O
nucleus): O
and: O
sends: O
efferents: O
principally: O
to: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
part: O
of: O
fastigial: O
nucleus: O
and: O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
vestibular: O
(VS),: O
inferior: O
vestibular: O
(VI),: O
and: O
VM: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
various: O
results: O
indicate: O
that: O
the: O
horizontal: O
limb: O
of: O
the: O
diagonal: O
band(HDB): O
is: O
the: O
major: O
source: O
of: O
cholinergic: O
afferents: O
to: O
the: O
main: O
olfactory: O
bulb(MOB): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
from: O
the: O
posteroventral: O
cochlear: O
nucleus: O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
olivary: O
complex: O
in: O
guinea: O
pig:: O
light: O
and: O
EM: O
observations: O
with: O
the: O
PHA-L: O
method.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Fibers: O
from: O
the: O
ventral: O
half: O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
nucleus: O
terminate: O
in: O
the: O
lateral: O
bend: O
and: O
ventral: O
lamina: O
of: O
the: O
principal: O
olive,: O
whereas: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
lateral: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
half: O
of: O
the: O
nucleus: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
lateral: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
lamina: O
respectively.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

L1cam: O
mRNA: O
was: O
distributed: O
widely: O
from: O
the: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
to: O
the: O
upper: O
cervical: O
cord: O
with: O
an: O
uneven: O
localization: O
pattern: O
in: O
adult: O
brain.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Descending: O
neurons: O
of: O
the: O
inferior: O
colliculus: O
also: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
contralateral: O
hindbrain: O
first: O
via: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus: O
and: O
then: O
the: O
trapezoid: O
body,: O
to: O
terminate: O
in: O
the: O
contralateral: O
medioventral: O
periolivary: O
region,: O
superior: O
paraolivary: O
nucleus,: O
rostral: O
periolivary: O
region,: O
and: O
the: O
ventral: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
lemniscus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
are: O
summarized: O
as: O
follows:: O
1): O
The: O
same: O
lateral: O
septal: O
area(LSA): O
somatospiny: O
neurons: O
receive: O
synaptic: O
inputs: O
from: O
the: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
technique(TH): O
immunoreactive: O
fibers: O
which: O
form: O
pericellular: O
baskets: O
around: O
these: O
cells.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
biotinylated: O
dextran: O
amine: O
were: O
made: O
into: O
several: O
cortical: O
areas: O
known: O
to: O
project: O
to: O
dorsocentral: O
striatum(DCS): O
based: O
on: O
retrograde: O
tracing: O
data.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

kainate(KA): O
injection: O
before: O
E15: O
lesioned: O
only: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
and: O
caused: O
degeneration: O
only: O
in: O
the: O
topographically: O
corresponding: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
isthmo-optic: O
nucleus(ION): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Mice: O
had: O
the: O
greatest: O
number: O
of: O
neurons: O
projecting: O
from: O
the: O
lateral: O
cervical: O
nucleus: O
to: O
the: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
rabbits: O
had: O
the: O
fewest.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
antibody: O
appears: O
to: O
cross-react: O
with: O
the: O
closely: O
related: O
invertebrate: O
enzyme: O
tyramine-beta-hydroxylase,: O
which: O
converts: O
tyramine: O
to: O
OA,: O
suggesting: O
that: O
the: O
OA-ir: O
cells: O
are: O
indeed: O
octopaminergic,: O
capable: O
of: O
synthesizing: O
OA.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
this: O
study,: O
we: O
aimed: O
to: O
investigate: O
the: O
connections: O
between: O
the: O
developing: O
cortex: O
and: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
by: O
making: O
injections: O
of: O
tracer: O
into: O
the: O
cortical: O
plate.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
showed: O
that: O
(1): O
the: O
infralimbic,: O
prelimbic,: O
anterior: O
cingulate: O
cortices: O
distribute: O
heavily: O
and: O
selectively: O
to: O
midline/medial: O
structures: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus,: B-Individual_protein
including: O
the: O
paratenial,: B-Individual_protein
paraventricular,: B-Individual_protein
interanteromedial,: O
anteromedial,: O
intermediodorsal,: O
mediodorsal,: O
reuniens,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
central: O
medial: O
nuclei;: O
(2): O
the: O
medial: O
agranular: O
cortex: O
distributes: O
strongly: O
to: O
the: O
rostral: O
intralaminar: O
nuclei: O
(central: O
lateral,: O
paracentral,: B-Individual_protein
central: O
medial: O
nuclei): O
as: O
well: O
as: O
to: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
and: O
ventrolateral: O
nuclei: O
of: O
thalamus;: B-Individual_protein
and: O
(3): O
all: O
four: O
divisions: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
prefrontal: O
cortex(mPFC): O
project: O
densely: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
reuniens: O
(RE): O
of: O
the: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
the: O
posterior: O
hypothalamus: O
some: O
fibers: O
crossover: O
in: O
the: O
Supramamillary: O
decussations(SM): O
and: O
terminate: O
in: O
the: O
supramamillary: O
region: O
bilaterally.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Input: O
to: O
the: O
caudolateral: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
representing: O
the: O
visual: O
field: O
contralateral: O
to: O
the: O
labeled: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
originates: O
mostly: O
from: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
n.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Mesencephalic: O
dopamine: O
transporter(DAT): O
-immunoreactivity: O
was: O
enriched: O
in: O
the: O
dendrites: O
and: O
cell: O
bodies: O
of: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
pars: O
compacta: O
and: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
order: O
to: O
study: O
the: O
connection: O
patterns: O
between: O
the: O
sensory: O
trigeminal: O
and: O
the: O
vestibular: O
nuclei: O
(VN),: O
injections: O
of: O
anterogradely: O
and/or: O
retrogradely: O
transported: O
neuronal: O
tracers: O
were: O
made: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
anterior: O
medial,: O
submedial,: O
and: O
parafascicular: O
nuclei: O
project: O
primarily: O
to: O
anterior: O
cingulate: O
cortex,: O
while: O
they: O
have: O
small: O
or: O
no: O
projections: O
to: O
posterior: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
anterior: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus(PVT): O
sends: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCN): O
;: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
and: O
ventromedial: O
hypothalamic: O
nuclei;: O
the: O
lateral: O
septum;: O
the: O
bed: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
stria: O
terminalis;: O
the: O
central: O
and: O
basomedial: O
amygdaloid: O
nuclei;: O
the: O
anterior: O
olfactory: O
nucleus;: O
the: O
olfactory: O
tubercle;: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens;: O
the: O
infralimbic,: B-Individual_protein
piriform,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
perirhinal: O
cortices;: O
the: O
ventral: O
subiculum;: O
and: O
the: O
endopiriform: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Ultrastructural: O
evidence: O
for: O
a: O
paucity: O
of: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
lumbosacral: O
cord: O
to: O
the: O
pontine: O
micturition: O
center: O
or: O
M-region: O
in: O
the: O
cat:: O
a: O
new: O
concept: O
for: O
the: O
organization: O
of: O
the: O
micturition: O
reflex: O
with: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
as: O
central: O
relay.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
particular,: O
efferent: O
pathways: O
from: O
the: O
granular: O
layer: O
(Intercalated: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hyperstriatum: O
accessorium,: O
IHA),: O
supragranular: O
layer: O
(hyperstriatum: O
accessorium,: O
HA),: O
and: O
infragranular: O
layers: O
(hyperstriatum: O
intercalatus: O
superior: O
and/or: O
hyperstriatum: O
dorsale,: O
HIS/HD): O
were: O
investigated.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Furthermore,: O
many: O
acidic: O
fibroblast: O
growth: O
factor(aFGF): O
-positive: O
cell: O
bodies: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
vestibular: O
system: O
and: O
other: O
structures: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
cerebellum,: B-Individual_protein
in: O
the: O
deep: O
cerebellar: O
nuclei,: O
in: O
somatosensory: O
structures: O
of: O
the: O
medulla: O
(i.e.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
expression: O
of: O
Hsp27: O
correlates: O
temporally: O
with: O
innervation: O
of: O
the: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
by: O
late-born: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cells(RGCs): O
and: O
with: O
onset: O
of: O
spontaneous: O
retinotectal: O
activity.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
optokinetic: O
nystagmus(OKN): O
patterns: O
of: O
these: O
mice: O
fell: O
into: O
the: O
following: O
categories:: O
(1): O
wild: O
type;: O
(2): O
field-restriction: O
dependent: O
optokinetic: O
nystagmus(OKN): O
with: O
small: O
following: O
movements: O
but: O
no: O
optokinetic: O
nystagmus(OKN): O
in: O
response: O
to: O
full-field: O
stimulation,: O
normal: O
optokinetic: O
nystagmus(OKN): O
in: O
response: O
to: O
stimulation: O
of: O
the: O
nasal: O
retina,: O
and: O
optokinetic: O
nystagmus(OKN): O
of: O
reversed: O
direction: O
in: O
response: O
to: O
stimulation: O
of: O
the: O
temporal: O
retina;: O
(3): O
oblique: O
with: O
slow: O
oblique: O
following: O
movements: O
and: O
reduced: O
numbers: O
of: O
optokinetic: O
nystagmus(OKN): O
s: O
with: O
oblique: O
quick: O
phases: O
in: O
response: O
to: O
horizontally: O
moving,: O
full-field: O
stimulation,: O
nearly: O
normal: O
optokinetic: O
nystagmus(OKN): O
in: O
response: O
to: O
stimulation: O
of: O
the: O
nasal: O
retina,: O
and: O
optokinetic: O
nystagmus(OKN): O
of: O
reversed: O
direction: O
in: O
response: O
to: O
stimulation: O
of: O
the: O
temporal: O
retina.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
most: O
lateral: O
zone: O
sends: O
fibers: O
to: O
the: O
septal: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
large: O
group: O
of: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
tegmentum: O
dorsal: O
and: O
medial: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
lemniscus: O
shows: O
continuity: O
with: O
the: O
pars: O
compacta,: O
and: O
has: O
similar: O
connections: O
with: O
the: O
striatum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Distribution,: O
morphology,: O
and: O
synaptic: O
targets: O
of: O
corticothalamic: O
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
cat: O
lateral: O
posterior-pulvinar: O
complex: O
that: O
originate: O
from: O
the: O
posteromedial: O
lateral: O
suprasylvian: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
conclusion,: O
our: O
results: O
indicate: O
that: O
the: O
origin: O
of: O
the: O
driver: O
inputs: O
reaching: O
the: O
lateral: O
posterior(LP): O
nucleus: O
is: O
not: O
restricted: O
to: O
the: O
primary: O
visual: O
cortex: O
and: O
that: O
extrastriate: O
visual: O
areas: O
might: O
also: O
contribute: O
to: O
the: O
basic: O
organization: O
of: O
visual: O
receptive: O
fields: O
of: O
neurons: O
in: O
this: O
higher: O
order: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
two: O
fluorescent: O
retrograde: O
tracers: O
into: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
posterolateral: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
showed: O
that: O
cells: O
projecting: O
to: O
both: O
diencephalic: O
sites: O
were: O
intermingled: O
in: O
all: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
cortical: O
areas: O
except: O
the: O
anterior: O
olfactory: O
nucleus,: O
where: O
cells: O
were: O
labeled: O
only: O
from: O
the: O
hypothalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lateral: O
projection: O
equivalent: O
to: O
the: O
hypothalamo-pituitary: O
tract: O
passed: O
through: O
the: O
lateral: O
hypothalamic: O
area: O
to: O
the: O
median: O
eminence,: O
and: O
nerve: O
terminals: O
were: O
observed: O
throughout: O
the: O
rostrocaudal: O
extent: O
of: O
this: O
structure.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Based: O
on: O
similar: O
patterns: O
of: O
connections,: O
dorsolateral: O
area(DL): O
C: O
extends: O
from: O
dorsolateral: O
to: O
ventrolateral: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

dorsolateral: O
area(DL): O
C: O
receives: O
strong,: O
feedforward: O
input: O
from: O
V: O
II: O
and: O
projects: O
in: O
a: O
feedforward: O
fashion: O
to: O
the: O
rostral: O
subdivision: O
of: O
dorsolateral: O
area(DL): O
(: O
dorsolateral: O
area(DL): O
R): O
and: O
caudal: O
inferior: O
temporal: O
(IT): O
cortex,: O
including: O
a: O
separate: O
location: O
in: O
the: O
inferior: O
temporal: O
sulcus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
from: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
to: O
the: O
rostromedial: O
pericoerulear: O
region: O
and: O
nucleus: O
locus: O
coeruleus:: O
anatomic: O
and: O
physiologic: O
studies.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Stem: O
axons: O
entered: O
the: O
cerebellum: B-Individual_protein
through: O
the: O
inferior: O
cerebellar: O
peduncle: O
(mostly: O
ipsilateral),: O
and: O
ran: O
transversely: O
in: O
the: O
deep: O
cerebellar: O
white: O
matter.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cortical: B-Individual_protein
connections: O
of: O
electrophysiologically: O
and: O
architectonically: O
defined: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
auditory: O
cortex: O
in: O
squirrels.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

As: O
described: O
above,: O
the: O
axons: O
of: O
some: O
ganglion: O
cells: O
in: O
dorsal,: O
peripheral: O
retina: O
left: O
the: O
retina: B-Individual_protein
and: O
travelled: O
through: O
the: O
optic: O
nerve: O
with: O
axons: O
from: O
extreme: O
ventral: O
retina.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
implantations: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase-wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin(HRP-WGA): O
in: O
restricted: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus,: B-Individual_protein
fibers: O
from: O
the: O
medial: O
mamillary: O
nucleus: O
were: O
found: O
to: O
terminate: O
ventromedially: O
at: O
all: O
rostrocaudal: O
levels: O
of: O
the: O
pontine: O
nuclei,: O
ipsilateral: O
to: O
the: O
implantation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Light: O
microscopic: O
observation: O
of: O
sections: O
incubated: O
with: O
tetramethyl: O
benzidine: O
after: O
large: O
injections: O
(1: O
microL: O
of: O
a: O
10%: O
solution: O
of: O
horseradish-peroxidase-conjugated: O
wheat-germ: O
lectin: O
in: O
water): O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
column: O
nuclei: O
demonstrated: O
the: O
presence: O
of: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
reticularis: O
thalami,: O
which: O
is: O
not: O
known: O
to: O
receive: O
afferents: O
from: O
or: O
project: O
to: O
these: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
a: O
minor: O
projection: O
from: O
the: O
presubiculum: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
pyramidal: O
cell: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
subiculum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
to: O
the: O
molecular: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
hippocampal: O
formation: O
was: O
found.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
major: O
finding: O
of: O
this: O
study: O
is: O
that: O
gastric: O
motoneurons: O
of: O
the: O
dorsal: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
(DMN): O
possess: O
numerous: O
dendrites: O
penetrating: O
discrete: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
overlying: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract: O
(NTS).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

supplementary: O
eye: O
field(SEF): O
and: O
frontal: O
eye: O
field(FEF): O
exhibited: O
similar: O
efferent: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
caudate: O
and: O
putamen.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
organization: O
of: O
most: O
of: O
this: O
cortex: O
is: O
not: O
understood,: O
but: O
one: O
subdivision,: O
the: O
temporal: O
dorsal: O
area: O
(TD),: O
has: O
been: O
identified: O
on: O
the: O
basis: O
of: O
reciprocal: O
connections: O
with: O
area: O
17.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
pattern: O
in: O
the: O
primary: O
somatosensory: O
cortex: O
(S-I): O
varied: O
according: O
to: O
the: O
representation: O
of: O
body: O
parts,: O
so: O
that: O
the: O
cortex: O
related: O
to: O
the: O
forepaw: O
had: O
sparse: O
connections,: O
while: O
connections: O
were: O
dense: O
but: O
uneven: O
over: O
much: O
of: O
the: O
representation: O
of: O
the: O
face,: O
nose,: O
and: O
mouth.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition: O
to: O
this: O
projection,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract: O
(NOT): O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
LTN,: O
as: O
in: O
nonprimates.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Dentatocortical: O
fibers: O
were: O
directed: O
into: O
the: O
lateral: O
folia: O
of: O
Crus: O
I: O
and: O
Crus: O
II: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
hemispheric: O
zone,: O
with: O
a: O
ligher: O
projection: O
to: O
intermediate: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
hemisphere: O
of: O
the: O
posterior: O
lobe: O
and: O
along: O
the: O
lateral: O
edge: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
lobe: O
hemisphere.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

There: O
was: O
a: O
secondary: O
input: O
to: O
the: O
paravermis: O
and: O
vermis: O
arising: O
from: O
the: O
interposed: O
and: O
fastigial: O
nuclei,: O
respectively.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin-conjugated: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(WGA-HRP): O
into: O
the: O
pulvinar(PUL): O
labeled: O
two: O
bands: O
of: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
striate: O
cortex:: O
the: O
first: O
consisted: O
of: O
large: O
pyramidal: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
upper: O
half: O
of: O
layer: O
V;: O
the: O
second: O
consisted: O
of: O
small: O
and: O
medium-size: O
pyramidal: O
cells: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
deepest: O
part: O
of: O
layer: O
VI.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Anterior: O
lateral: O
line: O
afferents: O
also: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
magnocellular: O
octaval: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cerebellar: B-Individual_protein
cortical: B-Individual_protein
efferent: O
fibers: O
of: O
the: O
paraflocculus: B-Individual_protein
of: O
tree: O
shrew: O
(Tupaia: O
glis).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
present: O
retrograde: O
tracing: O
study: O
in: O
the: O
cat: O
describes: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray: O
(PAG),: O
taking: O
into: O
account: O
different: O
regions: O
of: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray(PAG): O
and: O
all: O
spinal: O
segments.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thus,: O
in: O
the: O
present: O
study,: O
direct: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
non-laminated: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
to: O
the: O
temporal: O
polar: O
cortex: O
and: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
were: O
examined: O
in: O
the: O
cat: O
by: O
retrograde: O
and: O
anterograde: O
tract-tracing: O
techniques.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
cortical,: B-Individual_protein
thalamic,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
amygdaloid: B-Individual_protein
connections: O
of: O
the: O
rodent: O
temporal: O
cortices: O
were: O
investigated: O
by: O
using: O
the: O
anterograde: O
transport: O
of: O
iontophoretically: O
injected: O
biocytin.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
data: O
confirm: O
that: O
areas: O
Te1: O
and: O
Te3: O
are: O
hierarchically: O
organized: O
cortical: O
areas: O
connected: O
with: O
auditory: O
relay: O
nuclei: O
in: O
the: O
thalamus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
main: O
telencephalic: B-Individual_protein
afferents: O
to: O
the: O
septum: B-Individual_protein
arise: O
ipsilaterally: O
from: O
the: O
hippocampal: O
formation,: O
dorsolateral: O
corticoid: O
area,: O
piriform: O
cortex,: B-Individual_protein
amygdaloid: B-Individual_protein
pallium,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
ventral: O
pallidum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Axons: O
of: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase(TH): O
-immunoreactive: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla(VLM): O
projected: O
(1): O
dorsally,: O
in: O
a: O
series: O
of: O
parallel: O
transtegmental: O
trajectories,: O
toward: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract(NTS): O
,: O
and: O
vagal: O
motor: O
nucleus,: O
(2): O
longitudinally,: O
through: O
the: O
central: O
tegmental: O
field,: O
as: O
fascicles: O
running: O
parallel: O
to: O
the: O
neuraxis,: O
(3): O
ventrolaterally: O
toward: O
the: O
ventral: O
surface: O
(VS): O
of: O
the: O
rostral: O
ventrolateral: O
medulla(VLM): O
where: O
they: O
appeared: O
to: O
terminate,: O
and: O
(4): O
medially: O
into: O
the: O
raphe,: O
where: O
they: O
arborized.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ventromedial: O
nucleus: O
(VM): B-Individual_protein
was: O
densely: O
labelled: O
only: O
after: O
injections: O
in: O
the: O
rostromedial: O
GPi,: O
whereas: O
the: O
dorsal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
zona: O
incerta: O
was: O
labelled: O
in: O
both: O
groups.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
the: O
electron: O
microscopic: O
level,: O
the: O
biotinylated: O
dextran: O
amine(BDA): O
-positive: O
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
ventrolateral(VL): O
p: O
were: O
larger: O
and: O
more: O
elongated: O
than: O
those: O
in: O
the: O
centromedian(CM): O
but,: O
overall,: O
displayed: O
the: O
same: O
pattern: O
of: O
synaptic: O
organization.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Organization: O
of: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
and: O
subcortical: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
anterior: O
cingulate: O
cortex: O
in: O
the: O
cat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
finding: O
calls: O
into: O
question: O
the: O
traditional: O
characterization: O
of: O
cingulate: O
cortex: O
as: O
a: O
bridge: O
between: O
neocortical: O
association: O
areas: O
and: O
the: O
limbic: B-Individual_protein
system.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
kittens: O
older: O
than: O
1: O
month: O
and: O
in: O
normal: O
adult: O
cats,: O
retrograde: O
tracer: O
injections: O
restricted: O
to,: O
or: O
including,: O
areas: O
17: O
and: O
18: O
label: O
only: O
a: O
few: O
neurons: O
in: O
areas: O
AI: O
and: O
AII.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
conclude: O
that: O
area: O
X: O
neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
dorsolateral: O
thalamus(DLM): O
express: O
glutamic: O
acid: O
decarboxylase(GAD): O
and: O
are: O
thus: O
likely: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
ergic.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Conversely,: O
CRF: O
positive: O
neurons: O
appeared: O
in: O
large: O
numbers,: O
some: O
being: O
labeled: O
with: O
WGA,: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
periventricular: O
region: O
(CPR),: O
and: O
in: O
the: O
dorsomedial: O
to: O
lateral: O
hypothalamic: O
area: O
(DLH),: O
especially: O
in: O
the: O
latter.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Almost: O
two-thirds: O
of: O
tyrosine: O
hydroxylase(TH): O
-containing: O
boutons: O
displayed: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid: O
(GABA): O
immunoreactivity: O
in: O
the: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
of: O
parkinsonian: O
monkeys,: O
whereas: O
under: O
5%: O
did: O
so: O
in: O
the: O
normal: O
striatum.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Electrophysiological: O
mapping: O
shows: O
that: O
the: O
visuotectal: O
projection: O
is: O
complete: O
over: O
the: O
entire: O
extent: O
of: O
the: O
tectum,: B-Individual_protein
symmetrical: O
for: O
right: O
and: O
left: O
fields: O
and: O
patterned: O
normally.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
five: O
labeled: O
midbrain: O
nuclei: O
were: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
gray,: O
nucleus: O
cuneiformis,: O
deep: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus,: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Darkschewitsch,: O
and: O
the: O
interstitial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Cajal.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Numbers: O
of: O
axons: O
in: O
lateral: O
and: O
ventral: O
funiculi: O
of: O
rat: O
sacral: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
axons: O
are: O
concentrated: O
in: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
funiculus,: O
and: O
so: O
the: O
dorsal: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
funiculus,: O
often: O
referred: O
to: O
as: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
funiculus,: O
contains: O
more: O
than: O
half: O
the: O
fibers: O
in: O
the: O
white: O
matter: O
of: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Effects: O
of: O
visual: O
deprivation: O
upon: O
the: O
geniculocortical: O
W-cell: O
pathway: O
in: O
the: O
cat:: O
area: O
19: O
and: O
its: O
afferent: O
input.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Within: O
the: O
limits: O
of: O
our: O
technique,: O
measurements: O
of: O
relay: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
parvocellular: O
C: O
laminae: O
labeled: O
by: O
injections: O
into: O
area: O
19: O
of: O
deprived: O
cats: O
indicated: O
that: O
cell: O
size: O
in: O
the: O
deprived: O
C: O
laminae: O
was: O
unaffected: O
by: O
the: O
deprivation.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
data: O
from: O
cases: O
involving: O
spread: O
of: O
the: O
injection: O
into: O
area: O
3a: O
suggest: O
that: O
projection: O
patterns: O
from: O
area: O
3a: O
to: O
ventral,: O
intralaminar,: O
and: O
medial: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
are: O
similar: O
to: O
those: O
from: O
area: O
4.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Dorsomedial: O
dendrites: O
followed: O
a: O
path: O
parallel: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
border: O
of: O
the: O
ventral: O
horn: O
are: O
frequently: O
terminated: O
near: O
the: O
central: O
canal.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Based: O
on: O
their: O
axonal: O
projections,: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
(n: O
=: O
76): O
were: O
divided: O
into: O
the: O
following: O
groups:: O
thalamic(TH): O
1: O
neurons,: O
with: O
mostly: O
ipsilateral: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
striatum;: O
thalamic(TH): O
2: O
neurons,: O
with: O
ipsilateral: O
or: O
bilateral: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
amygdala: O
and: O
nucleus: O
accumbens;: O
thalamic(TH): O
3: O
neurons,: O
with: O
bilateral: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
dorsal: O
pallium;: O
thalamic(TH): O
4: O
neurons,: O
with: O
mostly: O
ipsilateral: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
ipsilateral: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
opticum,: B-Individual_protein
tegmentum,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
rostral: O
medulla: O
oblongata;: O
and: O
thalamic(TH): O
5: O
neurons,: O
with: O
ipsilateral: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
tegmentum,: O
medulla: O
oblongata,: O
and: O
rostral: O
spinal: O
cord: O
without: O
(: O
thalamic(TH): O
5.1): O
or: O
with: O
(: O
thalamic(TH): O
5.2): O
additional: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
optic: O
tectum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

On: O
P10,: O
labeling: O
appeared: O
in: O
the: O
paratrigeminal: O
and: O
dorsal: O
raphe: O
nuclei,: O
the: O
superficial: O
zone: O
of: O
SpVc,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
laminae: O
I/II: O
of: O
the: O
cervical: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
comparison: O
of: O
the: O
connectivity: O
patterns: O
and: O
neurochemical: O
characteristics: O
of: O
the: O
opioid: O
receptor-dense: O
compartments: O
in: O
the: O
nucleus: O
accumbens: O
with: O
those: O
in: O
the: O
caudate-putamen: O
reveals: O
major: O
discrepancies: O
between: O
these: O
two: O
striatal: B-Individual_protein
subdivisions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
few: O
scattered: O
cells: O
are: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
periventricular: O
gray: O
just: O
ventral: O
to: O
the: O
IVth: O
ventricle: O
and: O
on: O
midline: O
in: O
the: O
raphe.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
injected: O
neuroanatomical: O
tracers: O
into: O
auditory: O
cortex(AI): O
and: O
mapped: O
out: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
retrogradely: O
labelled: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
cortex.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Te1: O
is: O
reciprocally: O
connected: O
by: O
a: O
system: O
of: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
fibers: O
with: O
the: O
contralateral: O
homotypic: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Retrograde: O
transport: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
injected: O
into: O
the: O
olive: O
suggests: O
that: O
terminals: O
within: O
it: O
arise: O
from: O
the: O
subparafascicular: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
caudal: O
thalamus,: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Darkschewitsch,: O
the: O
fields: O
of: O
Forel,: O
the: O
interstitial: O
nucleus: O
of: O
Cajal,: O
the: O
periaqueductal: O
grey,: O
the: O
caudal: O
pretectal: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
tegmentum: O
dorsomedial: O
to: O
the: O
red: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
red: O
nucleus: O
(minimal),: O
the: O
nucleus: O
linearis,: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
the: O
dorsolateral: O
midbrain: O
tegmentum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
tectum: B-Individual_protein
(Henkel: O
et: O
al.,: O
'75).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
RPO: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus(SCi): O
and: O
the: O
anterior: O
pretectal: O
nucleus(APN): O
are: O
particularly: O
pronounced.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
spinal: O
cerebellum: O
(anterior: O
lobe,: O
paramedian: O
lobule: O
and: O
pyramis): O
receives: O
input: O
from: O
several: O
separate: O
regions: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
accessory: O
nucleus,: O
the: O
medial: O
accessory: O
nucleus: O
and: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
principal: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Early: O
postnatal: O
development: O
(P4,: O
9,: O
15,: O
18,: O
21,: O
26):: O
The: O
corpus: O
callosum(CC): O
at: O
P4: O
was: O
much: O
longer: O
than: O
at: O
E58: O
and: O
still: O
slightly: O
elongated: O
during: O
this: O
phase;: O
corpus: O
callosum(CC): O
A: O
reached: O
8.55: O
mm2: O
at: O
P4: O
and: O
8.88: O
mm2: O
at: O
P26.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
shows: O
a: O
major: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
globus: O
pallidus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

It: O
was: O
not: O
possible: O
to: O
determine: O
the: O
orientation: O
of: O
the: O
dorsoventral: O
axis: O
of: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
retina: O
on: O
the: O
geniculate: O
complex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Anterograde: O
tracing: O
experiments: O
confirmed: O
that: O
all: O
lateral: O
preoptic: O
area(LPOA): O
subfields: O
containing: O
retrogradely: O
labelled: O
cells: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
lateral: O
habenular: O
complex(LHb): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Thalamic: O
label: O
patterns: O
suggest: O
primary: O
and: O
ventral: O
auditory: O
fields: O
are: O
distinct: O
core: O
regions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

While: O
neurogenesis: O
can: O
be: O
induced: O
at: O
various: O
brain: O
sites: O
by: O
exogenous: O
cues,: O
constitutive: O
birth: O
of: O
new: O
neurons: O
has: O
been: O
unambiguously: O
demonstrated: O
within: O
the: O
subventricular: O
zone: O
(SVZ): O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
ventricles: O
and: O
the: O
subgranular: O
zone: O
(SGZ): O
of: O
the: O
dentate: O
gyrus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

median: O
raphe(MR): O
projects: O
moderately: O
to: O
the: O
perirhinal,: O
entorhinal: O
and: O
frontal: O
cortices,: O
but: O
sparingly: O
to: O
remaining: O
regions: O
of: O
cortex.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
binding: O
to: O
the: O
stratum: O
lacunosum/moleculare: O
(or: O
the: O
distinct: O
strata: O
lacunosum: O
and: O
moleculare: O
in: O
the: O
rabbit: O
and: O
cat): O
was: O
moderate.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
only: O
clear: O
exception: O
to: O
this: O
rule: O
was: O
the: O
CA3: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
cat: O
where: O
activity: O
was: O
seen: O
between: O
the: O
cell: O
bodies: O
of: O
stratum: O
pyramidale.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Subcortical: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
from: O
retrosplenial: O
dysgranular: O
cortex(Rdg): O
terminate: O
primarily: O
in: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
caudate: O
and: O
lateral: O
thalamic: O
nuclei: O
and: O
bilaterally: O
in: O
the: O
anterior: O
thalamic: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Ultrastructural: O
quantitative: O
analysis: O
of: O
glutamatergic: O
and: O
GABAergic: O
synaptic: O
terminals: O
in: O
the: O
phrenic: O
nucleus: O
after: O
spinal: O
cord: O
injury.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
results: O
are: O
important: O
for: O
a: O
more: O
complete: O
understanding: O
of: O
the: O
synaptic: O
plasticity: O
that: O
occurs: O
in: O
the: O
phrenic: O
nucleus: O
after: O
spinal: O
cord: O
injury: O
and: O
to: O
show: O
how: O
the: O
plasticity: O
may: O
relate: O
to: O
the: O
unmasking: O
of: O
latent: O
bulbospinal: O
respiratory: O
connections: O
which: O
restore: O
function: O
to: O
the: O
hemidiaphragm: O
paralyzed: O
by: O
an: O
ipsilateral: O
spinal: O
cord: O
hemisection.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Latency: O
measurements: O
indicate: O
that: O
fine: O
collateral: O
branches: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
olfactory: O
tract(LOT): O
reach: O
the: O
posterior: O
olfactory: O
cortex,: O
whereas: O
mainly: O
larger: O
diameter: O
(faster: O
conducting): O
fibres: O
comprise: O
the: O
contribution: O
to: O
anterior: O
olfactory: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Morphine: O
or: O
U-50,488: O
suppresses: O
Fos: O
protein-like: O
immunoreactivity: O
in: O
the: O
spinal: O
cord: O
and: O
nucleus: O
tractus: O
solitarii: O
evoked: O
by: O
a: O
noxious: O
visceral: O
stimulus: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Layers: O
2/3: O
and: O
5: O
contained: O
more: O
intense: O
PrP(c): O
immunoreactivity;: O
these: O
layers: O
receive: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
input: O
from: O
the: O
koniocellular: O
division: O
of: O
the: O
LGN,: O
and: O
these: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
LGN: O
also: O
had: O
strong: O
PrP(c): O
immunoreactivity.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

choline-acetyltransferase(ChAT): O
-immunoreactive: O
cells: O
were: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
pontomesencephalic: O
tegmentum: O
within: O
the: O
laterodorsal: O
and: O
pedunculopontine: O
tegmental: O
(LDT: O
and: O
PPT): O
nuclei,: O
where: O
they: O
numbered: O
approximately: O
3,000: O
on: O
each: O
side: O
and: O
were: O
scattered: O
in: O
the: O
midline,: O
medial,: O
and: O
lateral: O
medullary: O
reticular: O
formation,: O
where: O
they: O
numbered: O
approximately: O
10,000: O
in: O
total: O
on: O
each: O
side.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
ventral: O
neuroepithelial: O
lobe: O
generates: O
the: O
neurons: O
of: O
most: O
of: O
the: O
early: O
arising: O
hypothalamic: O
structures,: O
including: O
those: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
tier: O
nuclei: O
associated: O
with: O
the: O
medial: O
forebrain: O
bundle,: O
and: O
the: O
heterogeneous: O
intermediate: O
tier: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Three: O
forebrain: O
nuclei: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
carp: O
auditory: O
midbrain.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

A: O
very: O
narrow: O
midline: O
area: O
which: O
appears: O
to: O
project: O
bilaterally: O
to: O
the: O
NM,: B-Individual_protein
a: O
wider: O
intermediate: O
area: O
(homologous: O
to: O
zone: O
A): O
related: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
NM,: O
and: O
a: O
lateral: O
area: O
(homologous: O
to: O
zone: O
B): O
related: O
mainly: O
to: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
vestibular: O
complex,: O
primarily: O
its: O
lateral: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
heaviest: O
projection: O
to: O
the: O
insula: O
terminated: O
in: O
the: O
agranular: O
insular: O
cortex: O
with: O
a: O
decreasing: O
gradient: O
of: O
innervation: O
to: O
the: O
more: O
caudally: O
placed: O
dysgranular: O
and: O
granular: O
insular: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
order: O
to: O
better: O
understand: O
the: O
organization: O
of: O
extrastriate: O
cortex: O
in: O
tree: O
shrews,: O
injections: O
in: O
area: O
17: O
of: O
wheat: O
germ: O
agglutinin: O
or: O
tritiated: O
proline: O
were: O
used: O
to: O
reveal: O
an: O
intrinsic: O
pattern: O
of: O
connections,: O
ipsilateral: O
connections: O
with: O
area: O
18: O
and: O
two: O
other: O
subdivisions: O
of: O
cortex,: B-Individual_protein
and: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
connections: O
with: O
areas: O
17: O
and: O
18: O
of: O
the: O
opposite: O
cerebral: O
hemisphere.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Therefore,: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
basal: O
telencephalon: O
should: O
be: O
reclassified: O
as: O
olfactory,: O
vomeronasal,: O
or: O
mixed: O
chemosensory: O
structures,: O
which: O
could: O
facilitate: O
understanding: O
of: O
olfactory-vomeronasal: O
interactions: O
in: O
functional: O
studies.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Colliculus: B-Individual_protein
cells: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
abducens: O
nucleus: O
and: O
adjacent: O
reticular: O
formation: O
are: O
located: O
only: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
three-fourths: O
of: O
the: O
colliculus,: O
where: O
they: O
become: O
increasingly: O
concentrated: O
at: O
successively: O
more: O
caudal: O
levels.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
sources: O
of: O
ipsilateral: O
cortical: O
afferent: O
projections: O
to: O
basoventral: O
and: O
mediodorsal: O
prefrontal: O
cortices: O
that: O
receive: O
some: O
visual: O
input: O
were: O
studied: O
with: O
retrograde: O
tracers: O
(horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
or: O
fluorescent: O
dyes): O
in: O
eight: O
rhesus: O
monkeys.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
assess: O
the: O
functional: O
contribution: O
of: O
the: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
input: O
to: O
the: O
receptive: O
field: O
properties: O
of: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract: O
(NOT): O
and: O
dorsal: O
terminal: O
nucleus: O
(DTN): O
neurons,: O
a: O
first: O
set: O
of: O
experiments: O
evaluated: O
the: O
response: O
properties: O
of: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
optic: O
tract(NOT): O
-: O
dorsal: O
terminal: O
nucleus(DTN): O
cells: O
in: O
monkeys: O
with: O
split: O
corpus: O
callosum.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Less: O
dense: O
terminals: O
from: O
the: O
cuneate: O
nucleus(Cu): O
were: O
also: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
posterior: O
thalamic: O
group,: O
the: O
ventral: O
aspect: O
of: O
the: O
zona: O
incerta: O
and: O
the: O
caudal: O
and: O
dorsal: O
portion: O
of: O
the: O
reuniens: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Cortical: B-Individual_protein
connections: O
of: O
the: O
middle: O
temporal: O
visual: O
area: O
(MT): O
and: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal: O
cortex: O
in: O
owl: O
monkeys.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
3H-proline: O
into: O
superior: O
temporal: O
visual: O
region(ST): O
revealed: O
a: O
diffuse: O
projection: O
to: O
largely: O
layer: O
I: O
of: O
middle: O
temporal: O
visual: O
area(MT): O
,: O
and: O
dense: O
projections: O
to: O
posterior: O
parietal: O
cortex,: O
cortex: O
in: O
more: O
rostral: O
parts: O
of: O
the: O
superior: O
temporal: O
sulcus,: O
ventromedial: O
inferior: O
temporal: O
cortex,: O
and: O
the: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
frontal: O
eye: O
fields.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Although: O
there: O
is: O
spatial: O
order: O
to: O
the: O
lateralis: O
projections,: O
there: O
is: O
no: O
clear: O
somatotopic: O
organization: O
in: O
the: O
lateralis: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Pyramidal: O
cells: O
in: O
both: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
neocortex: B-Individual_protein
express: O
NR1,: O
NR2A,: O
NR2B,: O
and,: O
to: O
a: O
lesser: O
extent,: O
NR2D: O
mRNA.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Projections: O
to: O
the: O
paraoculomotor: O
cell: O
groups: O
in: O
the: O
medial: O
dien-mesencephalic: O
tegmentum: O
originate: O
almost: O
exclusively: O
from: O
the: O
frontal: O
lobe.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
lateral: O
cortex: O
is: O
the: O
largest: O
of: O
these: O
territories,: O
and: O
receives: O
the: O
terminals: O
of: O
the: O
main: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
projection: O
throughout: O
its: O
extent.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
fibers: O
cross: O
in: O
the: O
habenular: O
commissure: O
and: O
terminate: O
in: O
the: O
contralateral: O
cortical: O
amygdaloid: O
nucleus: O
and: O
periamygdaloid: O
part: O
of: O
the: O
lateral: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
presence: O
of: O
compensatory: O
eye: O
movements,: O
the: O
directional: O
sensitivity: O
of: O
the: O
semicircular: O
canals,: O
the: O
location: O
of: O
the: O
motoneurons: O
innervating: O
each: O
eye: O
muscle,: O
and: O
our: O
results: O
indicate: O
that: O
the: O
excitatory: O
input: O
to: O
the: O
extraocular: O
motoneurons: O
is: O
derived: O
from: O
the: O
contralateral: O
descending: O
octaval: O
nucleus,: O
and: O
the: O
inhibitory: O
input: O
is: O
derived: O
from: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
anterior: O
octaval: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Retinal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
the: O
superior: O
colliculus: O
and: O
dorsal: O
lateral: O
geniculate: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
tammar: O
wallaby: O
(Macropus: O
eugenii):: O
I.: O
Normal: O
topography.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Distribution,: O
laminar: O
location,: O
and: O
morphology: O
of: O
tectal: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
isthmo-optic: O
nucleus: O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
isthmi,: O
pars: O
parvocellularis: O
in: O
the: O
pigeon: O
(Columba: O
livia): O
and: O
chick: O
(Gallus: O
domesticus):: O
a: O
retrograde: O
labelling: O
study.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Retrograde: O
transport: O
of: O
Phaseolus: O
vulgaris: O
leucoagglutinin: O
(PHA-L),: O
fluorogold,: O
fast: O
blue,: O
rhodamine: O
labelled: O
microspheres,: O
and: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP): O
was: O
employed: O
to: O
study: O
the: O
distribution,: O
laminar: O
location: O
within: O
the: O
optic: O
tectum,: O
and: O
morphology: O
of: O
tectal: B-Individual_protein
cells: O
projecting: O
upon: O
the: O
isthmo-optic: O
nucleus: O
(ION): O
and: O
the: O
nucleus: O
isthmi,: O
pars: O
parvocellularis: O
(Ipc),: O
in: O
the: O
pigeon: O
and: O
chick.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
apical: O
processes: O
extended: O
into: O
the: O
retino-recipient: O
layers: O
(2-7): O
of: O
the: O
stratum: O
griseum: O
et: O
fibrosum: O
superficiale(SGFS): O
and: O
basal: O
dendrites: O
extended: O
into: O
layers: O
12-14: O
of: O
the: O
stratum: O
griseum: O
et: O
fibrosum: O
superficiale(SGFS): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
three: O
doses: O
of: O
caffeine: O
induced: O
distinct: O
dose-related: O
patterns: O
of: O
c-Fos: O
immunoreactivity: O
in: O
several: O
arousal-promoting: O
areas,: O
including: O
orexin: O
neurons: O
and: O
adjacent: O
neurons: O
containing: O
neither: O
orexin: O
nor: O
melanin-concentrating: O
hormone;: O
tuberomammillary: O
histaminergic: O
neurons;: O
locus: O
coeruleus: O
noradrenergic: O
neurons;: O
noncholinergic: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
neurons: O
that: O
do: O
not: O
contain: O
parvalbumin;: O
and: O
nondopaminergic: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
tegmental: O
area.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Immunohistochemical: O
techniques: O
were: O
used: O
to: O
examine: O
the: O
distribution: O
of: O
neuroactive: O
peptides: O
in: O
the: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCN): O
and: O
intergeniculate: O
leaflet(IGL): O
,: O
and: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
these: O
structures: O
were: O
traced: O
with: O
anterograde: O
transport: O
of: O
the: O
beta: O
subunit: O
of: O
cholera: O
toxin.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Those: O
innervating: O
the: O
center: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
pars: O
reticulata: O
were: O
observed: O
after: O
a: O
single: O
nigral: B-Individual_protein
injection: O
of: O
the: O
tracer,: O
whereas: O
those: O
projecting: O
to: O
distinct: O
sites: O
of: O
the: O
substantia: O
nigra: O
pars: O
reticulata: O
along: O
a: O
rostrocaudal: O
axis: O
were: O
observed: O
only: O
after: O
multiple: O
injections.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
data: O
suggest: O
that: O
the: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
sacral: O
parasympathetic: O
nucleus(SPN): O
is: O
a: O
site: O
for: O
distinct: O
subpopulations: O
of: O
neurons: O
that: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
laterodorsal: O
tegmentum(LDT): O
and: O
to: O
the: O
major: O
pelvic: O
ganglion(MPG): O
and: O
that: O
nitric: O
oxide: O
synthase(NOS): O
is: O
contained: O
in: O
some: O
preganglionic: O
neurons,: O
but: O
is: O
not: O
a: O
marker: O
for: O
laterodorsal: O
tegmentum(LDT): O
projection: O
neurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Fibers: O
originating: O
from: O
subnucleus: O
reticularis: O
ventralis: O
(SRV): O
travelled: O
ipsilaterally: O
through: O
the: O
lateral: O
and: O
ventrolateral: O
funiculi: O
and: O
bilaterally: O
through: O
the: O
ventromedial: O
funiculus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Early: O
differentiation: O
of: O
ganglion,: O
amacrine,: O
bipolar,: O
and: O
Muller: O
cells: O
in: O
the: O
developing: O
fovea: B-Individual_protein
of: O
human: O
retina.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

At: O
14-15: O
weeks: O
of: O
gestation(WG): O
,: O
peak: O
death: O
occurred: O
at: O
the: O
incipient: O
fovea;: O
however,: O
by: O
20: O
weeks: O
of: O
gestation(WG): O
the: O
distribution: O
was: O
bimodal,: O
with: O
peaks: O
at: O
more: O
eccentric: O
locations: O
on: O
either: O
side: O
of: O
the: O
incipient: O
fovea: B-Individual_protein
with: O
increasing: O
age.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Forebrain: B-Individual_protein
connectivity: O
of: O
the: O
prefrontal: O
cortex: O
in: O
the: O
marmoset: O
monkey: O
(Callithrix: O
jacchus):: O
an: O
anterograde: O
and: O
retrograde: O
tract-tracing: O
study.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Similar: O
to: O
the: O
corresponding: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus: O
in: O
birds: O
and: O
mammals,: O
the: O
secondary: O
gustatory: O
nucleus: O
of: O
catfish: O
consists: O
of: O
several: O
cytoarchitectonically: O
distinct: O
subnuclei: O
which: O
receive: O
input: O
from: O
different: O
portions: O
of: O
the: O
primary: O
gustatory: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
hypothalamus: B-Individual_protein
(PVN): O
modulates: O
vagal: O
digestive: O
motor: O
functions: O
via: O
oxytocinergic: O
projections: O
to: O
the: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
solitary: O
tract: O
(NST): O
and: O
dorsal: O
motor: O
nucleus: O
of: O
the: O
vagus: O
(DMV): O
in: O
adult: O
rats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Injections: O
of: O
WGA/: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase(HRP): O
into: O
the: O
second: O
cervical: O
dorsal: O
root: O
ganglion: O
produced: O
labeling: O
in: O
the: O
dorsal: O
and: O
ventral: O
horns.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Conversely,: O
the: O
ventral: O
division: O
(: O
medial: O
geniculate: O
body(MGB): O
v): O
projects: O
to: O
the: O
low-frequency,: O
but: O
not: O
the: O
high-frequency,: O
cortical: O
region.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Following: O
a: O
unilateral: O
injection: O
of: O
3H-leucine: O
into: O
the: O
olfactory: O
peduncle,: O
radioactively: O
labeled: O
efferent: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
anterior: O
olfactory: O
nucleus: O
were: O
traced: O
into: O
all: O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
main: O
olfactory: O
bulb: O
beneath: O
the: O
olfactory: O
nerve: O
layer: O
and: O
through: O
the: O
ipsilateral: O
anterior: O
limb: O
of: O
the: O
anterior: O
commissure: O
and: O
plexiform: O
layer: O
of: O
the: O
medial: O
side: O
of: O
the: O
cerebral: O
hemisphere: O
to: O
the: O
deep: O
half: O
of: O
the: O
plexiform: O
(IB): O
and: O
pyramidal: O
cell: O
(II): O
layers: O
of: O
the: O
prepyriform: O
cortex,: O
the: O
tenia: O
tecta,: O
and: O
the: O
entire: O
surface: O
of: O
the: O
olfactory: O
tubercle.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

On: O
account: O
of: O
diffusion: O
of: O
the: O
injected: O
perosidase: O
solution: O
in: O
the: O
folia: O
it: O
could: O
not: O
be: O
decided: O
whether: O
the: O
different: O
olivary: O
areas: O
project: O
to: O
particular: O
longitudinal: O
zones: O
in: O
the: O
paramedian: O
lobule.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Quantitative: O
analysis: O
of: O
the: O
positions: O
and: O
numbers: O
of: O
retrogradely: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
and: O
anterogradely: O
labeled: O
terminal: O
fields: O
reveal: O
that:: O
1): O
ventral: O
posterior: O
lateral: O
(VPL),: O
ventral: O
posterior: O
inferior: O
(VPI),: O
and: O
central: O
lateral: O
(CL),: O
combined,: O
receive: O
87%: O
of: O
spinothalamic: B-Individual_protein
inputs: O
originating: O
from: O
the: O
cervical: O
enlargement;: O
2): O
these: O
three: O
nuclei: O
contain: O
over: O
91%: O
of: O
all: O
thalamocortical: O
neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
hSI: O
that: O
are: O
likely: O
to: O
receive: O
STT: O
input;: O
and: O
3): O
these: O
putatively: O
contacted: O
neurons: O
account: O
for: O
less: O
than: O
24%: O
of: O
all: O
thalamic: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
to: O
hSI.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Somatosensory: O
cortex: O
was: O
connected: O
mainly: O
with: O
the: O
more: O
anterior: O
aspect: O
of: O
the: O
hemisphere,: O
which: O
included: O
primary: O
motor: O
area,: O
area: O
11,: O
and: O
area: O
13.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

This: O
study: O
outlines: O
the: O
vascular: O
territories: O
of: O
the: O
cerebral: B-Individual_protein
arteries: O
that: O
originate: O
from: O
the: O
Willis: O
circle: O
to: O
supply: O
limbic: O
structures: O
in: O
the: O
guinea: O
pig: O
brain.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Reelin,: O
an: O
extracellular: O
matrix: O
molecule,: O
regulates: O
neuronal: O
positioning: O
in: O
the: O
brain,: O
brainstem,: O
and: O
spinal: O
cord.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Only: O
when: O
the: O
expression: O
level: O
of: O
ectopic: O
reelin: O
in: O
the: O
ventricular: O
zone: O
became: O
very: O
weak: O
(E18.5): O
were: O
sympathetic: O
preganglionic: O
neurons(SPN): O
found: O
to: O
cluster: O
near: O
the: O
central: O
canal.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Golgi: O
study: O
of: O
the: O
telencephalon: B-Individual_protein
of: O
the: O
small-spotted: O
dogfish: O
Scyliorhinus: O
canicula: O
L.: O
The: O
telencephalon: B-Individual_protein
of: O
the: O
small-spotted: O
dogfish,: O
Scyliorhinus: O
canicula: O
L.,: O
was: O
examined: O
by: O
Nissl: O
and: O
Golgi-aldehyde: O
techniques.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
p75: O
null-mutant: O
and: O
wild: O
type: O
litter: O
mate: O
mice: O
were: O
assessed: O
for: O
central: O
cholinergic: O
deficit: O
by: O
using: O
quantitative: O
stereology: O
to: O
estimate: O
the: O
total: O
neuronal: O
number: O
in: O
basal: O
forebrain: O
and: O
striatum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
for: O
subpopulations: O
expressing: O
the: O
high-affinity: O
tyrosine: O
receptor: O
kinase: O
A: O
(trkA): O
neurotrophin: O
receptor: O
and: O
choline: O
acetyltransferase: O
(ChAT).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Approximately: O
52%: O
of: O
the: O
serotonergic: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
wallaby: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
were: O
located: O
in: O
the: O
rostral: O
midline: O
nuclei: O
(caudal: O
linear: O
nucleus,: O
dorsal,: O
median,: O
and: O
pontine: B-Individual_protein
raphe: O
nuclei: O
and: O
the: O
interpeduncular: O
nucleus),: O
whereas: O
21%: O
were: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
caudal: O
midline: O
region: O
(nuclei: O
raphe: O
magnus,: O
obscurus,: O
and: O
pallidus).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Here: O
we: O
analyze: O
the: O
role: O
of: O
the: O
Lhx6: O
lim-homeobox: O
transcription: O
factor: O
in: O
regulating: O
the: O
development: O
of: O
subsets: O
of: O
neocortical,: O
hippocampal,: O
and: O
striatal: B-Individual_protein
interneurons.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Tyrosine: O
hydroxylase-immunoreactive: O
elements: O
in: O
the: O
human: O
globus: O
pallidus: O
and: O
subthalamic: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
contrast: O
to: O
the: O
well-established: O
dopaminergic: O
innervation: O
of: O
the: O
neostriatum,: B-Individual_protein
the: O
existence: O
of: O
dopaminergic: O
innervation: O
of: O
the: O
subthalamic: O
nucleus: O
and: O
globus: O
pallidus: O
is: O
controversial.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Tracer: O
injections: O
in: O
the: O
pre-: O
supplementary: O
motor: O
area(SMA): O
or: O
in: O
supplementary: O
motor: O
area(SMA): O
-proper: O
resulted: O
in: O
significant: O
numbers: O
of: O
labeled: O
neurons: O
in: O
the: O
opposite: O
supplementary: O
motor: O
area(SMA): O
,: O
premotor: O
cortex: O
(PM),: O
cingulate: O
motor: O
areas: O
(CMA),: O
and: O
cingulate: O
gyrus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
addition,: O
the: O
pre-: O
supplementary: O
motor: O
area(SMA): O
,: O
but: O
not: O
the: O
supplementary: O
motor: O
area(SMA): O
-proper,: O
receives: O
callosal: B-Individual_protein
inputs: O
from: O
the: O
prefrontal: O
cortex.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

These: O
topographically: O
organized: O
pathways: O
also: O
provide: O
a: O
route: O
by: O
means: O
of: O
which: O
the: O
claustrum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
the: O
endopiriform: O
nucleus: O
have: O
access: O
to: O
inputs: O
from: O
the: O
amygdaloid: B-Individual_protein
networks: O
that: O
process: O
emotionally: O
significant: O
information.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

To: O
understand: O
in: O
detail: O
the: O
pattern: O
of: O
reelin: O
synthesis: O
in: O
gamma-aminobutyric: O
acid(GABA): O
ergic: O
interneurons: O
of: O
primate: O
neocortex,: B-Individual_protein
a: O
quantitative: O
analysis: O
of: O
reelin: O
and: O
of: O
glutamic: O
acid: O
decarboxylase-67: O
(GAD(67)): O
mRNA-positive: O
neurons: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
a: O
quantitative: O
analysis: O
of: O
total: O
neuronal: O
density: O
measured: O
by: O
neuron-specific: O
nuclear: O
protein: O
(NeuN): O
immunoreactivity: O
was: O
carried: O
out: O
in: O
Patas: O
monkey: O
neocortex: B-Individual_protein
(Brodmann's: O
areas: O
2,: O
3,: O
4,: O
6,: O
9,: O
17,: O
18,: O
and: O
24).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
projection: O
of: O
cat: O
retinal: B-Individual_protein
ganglion: O
cells: O
to: O
the: O
thalamus: B-Individual_protein
was: O
examined: O
using: O
the: O
method: O
of: O
retrograde: O
axonal: O
transport: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase: O
(HRP).: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Morphological: O
characterization: O
of: O
spinal: O
cord: O
dorsal: O
horn: O
lamina: O
I: O
neurons: O
projecting: O
to: O
the: O
parabrachial: O
nucleus: O
in: O
the: O
rat.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

In: O
general,: O
our: O
results: O
indicate: O
that: O
various: O
brainstem: O
nuclei: O
project: O
to: O
particular: O
territories: O
of: O
the: O
thalamic: O
reticular: O
nucleus.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
term: O
these: O
compartments: O
physiological: O
ocular: O
dominance: O
columns(ODCs): O
,: O
in: O
contrast: O
to: O
the: O
anatomical: O
ocular: O
dominance: O
columns(ODCs): O
of: O
most: O
primates.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Patterns: O
of: O
connections: O
between: O
zona: O
incerta: O
and: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
in: O
rats.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Small: O
subclass: O
of: O
rat: O
olfactory: B-Individual_protein
neurons: O
with: O
specific: O
bulbar: B-Individual_protein
projections: O
is: O
reactive: O
with: O
monoclonal: O
antibodies: O
to: O
the: O
HSP70: O
heat: O
shock: O
protein.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Medial: O
area: O
3: O
is: O
mainly: O
connected: O
to: O
medial: O
and: O
dorsal: O
sensory: O
areas: O
3,: O
1,: O
2,: O
5,: O
and: O
sensory: O
area(SSA): O
and: O
to: O
areas: O
4: O
and: O
6: O
as: O
well: O
as: O
to: O
supplementary: O
(M2: O
or: O
area: O
6m),: O
rostral: O
cingulate: O
(M3: O
or: O
areas: O
24c: O
and: O
d),: O
and: O
caudal: O
cingulate: O
(M4: O
or: O
areas: O
23c: O
and: O
d): O
motor: O
cortices.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Basal: O
forebrain: O
cholinergic: O
neurons: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
hippocampus: B-Individual_protein
and: O
cerebral: O
cortex: O
where: O
they: O
play: O
an: O
important: O
role: O
in: O
cortical: B-Individual_protein
activation,: O
attention,: O
and: O
memory.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Previous: O
studies: O
in: O
the: O
rat: O
have: O
shown: O
that: O
the: O
neocortical: O
dopaminergic: O
afferents,: O
originating: O
in: O
the: O
mesencephalon,: B-Individual_protein
terminate: O
in: O
those: O
areas: O
of: O
the: O
frontal: O
lobe: O
which: O
receive: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
thalamic: O
nucleus: O
i.e.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
of: O
this: O
study: O
suggest: O
that: O
the: O
dorsal: O
cochlear: O
nucleus(DCN): O
does: O
not: O
exhibit: O
the: O
type: O
of: O
plasticity: O
that: O
has: O
been: O
found: O
in: O
the: O
auditory: O
cortex: O
and: O
midbrain;: O
therefore,: O
it: O
does: O
not: O
account: O
for: O
the: O
changes: O
in: O
responsiveness: O
observed: O
in: O
the: O
higher: O
level: O
structures: O
under: O
similar: O
experimental: O
conditions.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
medial: O
preoptic: O
area: O
and: O
medial: O
hypothalamic: O
nuclei,: O
including: O
the: O
paraventricular,: B-Individual_protein
ventromedial,: B-Individual_protein
arcuate,: O
premammillary,: O
and: O
supramammillary: O
nuclei,: O
project: O
most: O
heavily: O
to: O
a: O
region: O
of: O
the: O
amygdala: B-Individual_protein
which: O
includes: O
the: O
medial: O
and: O
the: O
medial: O
central: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Caudally: O
in: O
the: O
ventral: O
thalamus: O
the: O
subparafascicular: O
and: O
peripeduncular: O
nuclei: O
have: O
been: O
found: O
to: O
project: O
to: O
the: O
medial,: O
central,: O
lateral,: O
and: O
cortical: O
nuclei.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Finally,: O
a: O
dysgranular: O
temporal: O
polar: O
cortex(TPC): O
region: O
that: O
capped: O
the: O
tip: O
with: O
some: O
extension: O
into: O
the: O
dorsal: O
aspect: O
of: O
the: O
temporal: O
polar: O
cortex(TPC): O
is: O
defined: O
as: O
temporopolar: O
area: O
TG.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
afferent: O
projections: O
from: O
the: O
brainstem: B-Individual_protein
to: O
the: O
mediodorsal: O
thalamic: O
nucleus: O
(MD): O
were: O
studied: O
in: O
the: O
cat,: O
by: O
means: O
of: O
retrograde: O
transport: O
of: O
horseradish: O
peroxidase.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Large: O
numbers: O
of: O
axons: O
entered: O
and: O
left: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus(PVN): O
ventrally: O
near: O
the: O
midline: O
and: O
laterally: O
in: O
the: O
area: O
of: O
the: O
posterolateral: O
paraventricular: O
nucleus(PVN): O
;: O
axons: O
generally: O
were: O
oriented: O
parallel: O
to: O
the: O
mean: O
major: O
axis: O
of: O
dendritic: O
trees: O
in: O
these: O
areas.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

Ultrastructural: O
study: O
of: O
cholecystokinin-immunoreactive: O
cells: O
and: O
processes: O
in: O
area: O
CA1: O
of: O
the: O
rat: O
hippocampus.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

The: O
results: O
show: O
that: O
this: O
aldolase: O
C: O
isoenzyme: O
is: O
another: O
protein: O
that: O
is: O
selectively: O
expressed: O
by: O
the: O
cerebellum: B-Individual_protein
and: O
retina.: B-Individual_protein

--- End of Sentence ---

Our: O
results: O
suggest: O
enkephalin: O
fibers: O
in: O
thoracolumbar: B-Individual_protein
sympathetic: O
nuclei: O
are: O
of: O
both: O
supraspinal: O
and: O
intraspinal: O
origin,: O
whereas: O
the: O
enkephalin: O
innervation: O
of: O
the: O
sacral: O
parasympathetic: O
nucleus: O
is: O
primarily: O
intraspinal: O
in: O
origin.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

We: O
have: O
reevaluated: O
the: O
outgrowth: O
of: O
fetal: O
rat: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCN): O
/AH: O
grafts: O
implanted: O
in: O
the: O
third: O
ventricle: O
of: O
hamsters: O
by: O
using: O
two: O
methods:: O
the: O
carbocyanine: O
dye,: O
1,1'dioctadecyl-3,3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine: O
percholate: O
(DiI),: O
was: O
placed: O
directly: O
onto: O
grafted: O
tissue;: O
and: O
a: O
donor-specific: O
neurofilament: O
marker: O
was: O
used: O
in: O
conjunction: O
with: O
xenografts.: O

--- End of Sentence ---

suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCN): O
/AH: O
graft: O
efferents: O
project: O
into: O
areas: O
normally: O
innervated: O
by: O
the: O
intact: O
suprachiasmatic: O
nucleus(SCN): O
.: O

--- End of Sentence ---