C++20 Features

<ranges> header: Lazy generation features like count_if, view::iota, view::filter, and view::transform.
<span> header: Can receive built-in arrays, vectors, standard arrays, or any contiguous iterable collections. used for passing arrays to functions in safer ways.
to_array: Converts aggregate data into a std::array.

General Syntax and Features

string_view: Used for read-only string operations.
constexpr: Allows variables to be initialized at compile time.
:02d: Fills with zeros if the number is smaller than two characters.
| (Pipeline Operation): Used in conjunction with range views for functional style transformations.
ex.what(): Used to retrieve a string describing the exception.
int* const vs. const int*: Differentiates between constant pointer to mutable data and mutable pointer to constant data.
Alignment: < for left-aligned and > for right-aligned text.
seekg, seekp, tellg, tellp: Functions for positioning and querying position in streams.
quoted(name): From C++14, simplifies output of strings that include spaces or special characters.
Raw String Literal: Represents string literals that contain multiple lines or escape characters naturally.

Static Variables: Initialized to default values if not explicitly set.
Argument Deduction in Templates (since C++17): Simplifies template usage by automatically determining types.
<numeric> header functions: Includes functions like accumulate for operations on data sequences.
Built-in Arrays: Limited capabilities, such as no knowledge of their own size, non-assignable, and lack of automatic bounds checking.
Pointer Usage: Should point to a single element rather than an array.
String Literal Concatenation: If only whitespace separates two string literals, the compiler will merge them; useful for multiline strings for better readability.

Tags: C++, Programming, Coding Standards