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Unbound not able to resolve broadcom.com and post.ch #1231

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piperino721 opened this issue Jan 23, 2025 · 7 comments
Open

Unbound not able to resolve broadcom.com and post.ch #1231

piperino721 opened this issue Jan 23, 2025 · 7 comments

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@piperino721
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Describe the bug
Unbound not able to resolve broadcom.com and post.ch, so far.
I use unbound as my Upstream DNS Servers on a Raspi PiHole installation.
Unbound listens on port 5335.
In general DNS resolution is working perfectly fine.

To reproduce
Steps to reproduce the behavior:

  1. dig broadcom.com @127.0.0.1 -p 5335
    ;; communications error to 127.0.0.1#5335: timed out
    ;; communications error to 127.0.0.1#5335: timed out
    ;; communications error to 127.0.0.1#5335: timed out

; <<>> DiG 9.18.28-1~deb12u2-Debian <<>> broadcom.com @127.0.0.1 -p 5335
;; global options: +cmd
;; no servers could be reached

Expected behavior
A clear and concise description of what you expected to happen.

System:

  • Unbound version: 1.17.1
  • OS: "Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)" on a Raspi PI5
  • unbound -V

Version 1.17.1

Configure line: --build=aarch64-linux-gnu --prefix=/usr --includedir=${prefix}/include --mandir=${prefix}/share/man --infodir=${prefix}/share/info --sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var --disable-option-checking --disable-silent-rules --libdir=${prefix}/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu --runstatedir=/run --disable-maintainer-mode --disable-dependency-tracking --with-pythonmodule --with-pyunbound --enable-subnet --enable-dnstap --enable-systemd --with-libnghttp2 --with-chroot-dir= --with-dnstap-socket-path=/run/dnstap.sock --disable-rpath --with-pidfile=/run/unbound.pid --with-libevent --enable-tfo-client --with-rootkey-file=/usr/share/dns/root.key --disable-flto --enable-tfo-server
Linked libs: libevent 2.1.12-stable (it uses epoll), OpenSSL 3.0.15 3 Sep 2024
Linked modules: dns64 python subnetcache respip validator iterator
TCP Fastopen feature available

Additional information

For both domains "https://dnsviz.net/" website show warning and or errors. but i don't know of this is related to my issue.

@wcawijngaards
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It probably is related. Unbound can show detailed reports of what is going wrong in the logs. With log-servfail: yes it can print a one liner reason for the servfail. With verbosity: <1-4> number it can print more debug details. That can indicate what is going wrong.

For me the two domains resolve fine, with Unbound. Also with DNSSEC. But then I noticed that both domains have a large DNSKEY response, of more than 1700 bytes. The post.ch DNSKEY is 1719 and the broadcom.com DNSKEY is 1734 bytes. Something that they could avoid, by not signing the DNSKEY with the ZSK, and not having three ZSKs. The lookup of the domains works here. But it could be a problem, specifically the large DNSKEY response can make trouble, but only in some cases. If there is configuration for unbound to use large EDNS sizes, the fragments can be dropped, usually by the firewall, and this inhibits resolution. But the defaults of unbound make it send unfragmented edns sizes. That makes the query fall back to use TCP to resolve the DNSKEY query. However, some firewalls disallow DNS over TCP. It is not common, because most queries fit on the UDP packets, but with DNSSEC, the crypto can be large, and specifically some DNSKEY records, during like key rollover events that have extra records, get bigger than UDP allows. This triggers failover to TCP.

If the other domains work fine. And these two do not work. Then the TCP fallback could be the issue. The TCP fallback would not activate for other lookups. But for these two it is needed to make DNSSEC work. One option is to turn off DNSSEC, by commenting out the trust anchor config line. Or by domain-insecure: "<domain>" and that for both these two names. That would stop the DNSSEC validation and the use of TCP. If Unbound had tcp disabled, turning that back on would work, but it is enabled by default. What is the best solution, if possible, is to locate the firewall that disallows DNS to use TCP and allow it. Perhaps it is the server host that has a firewall for network access and only allows UDP, but not TCP. Sometimes routers and firewalls have a rule, older ones with a default, that disallows DNS TCP traffic. This could be the problem. Fallback to TCP may also not be the problem, in which case detailed logs are likely to be able to show more about the problem.

@piperino721
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really appreciate your detailed write-up and analysis so far:)

this issue just started recently. but i can't say if it's related to my Modem change. i'm now on Fiber 10GB with crappy locked down Modem from my provider.
At which level tcp fallback could be blocked? my side or also on broadcom's or post's side?
this command works fine "dig +tcp +trace post.ch @8.8.8.8" and if i'm not mistaken "+tcp" would be correct.
does the upper command prove tcp fallback works in general in my env.?
domain-insecure: "" this works for sure and i did that already for post.ch.
i would like to know the root cause and if it's fixable by me or not.

this is the output with logging enabled "verbosity 2"

[1737712266] unbound[287883:0] info: query response was nodata ANSWER
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Missing DNSKEY RRset in response to DNSKEY query.
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. HTTPS IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. HTTPS IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. HTTPS IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. HTTPS IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. A IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: Could not establish a chain of trust to keys for broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: validation failure <broadcom.com. HTTPS IN>: No DNSKEY record for key broadcom.com. while building chain of trust
[1737712285] unbound[287883:0] info: resolving broadcom.com. DNSKEY IN

@wcawijngaards
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Yes the logs looks like the DNSKEY cannot be looked up. The dig command for testing probed for the A record. The dig command that would elicit the large response would be dig +tcp @<server> post.ch DNSKEY . And also without +tcp as dig then should fallback to TCP as well, after trying UDP.

@piperino721
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Looks like post.ch DNS server resetting the connection once TCP started.
If attached also a tcpdump form pihole/unbound machine if you're interested in

pacap_3.txt

dig +tcp +trace @192.168.1.102 post.ch DNSKEY

; <<>> DiG 9.18.28-1~deb12u2-Debian <<>> +tcp +trace @192.168.1.102 post.ch DNSKEY
; (1 server found)
;; global options: +cmd
. 75379 IN NS j.root-servers.net.
. 75379 IN NS k.root-servers.net.
. 75379 IN NS b.root-servers.net.
. 75379 IN NS e.root-servers.net.
. 75379 IN NS c.root-servers.net.
. 75379 IN NS d.root-servers.net.
. 75379 IN NS i.root-servers.net.
. 75379 IN NS f.root-servers.net.
. 75379 IN NS a.root-servers.net.
. 75379 IN NS h.root-servers.net.
. 75379 IN NS g.root-servers.net.
. 75379 IN NS m.root-servers.net.
. 75379 IN NS l.root-servers.net.
. 75379 IN RRSIG NS 8 0 518400 20250206050000 20250124040000 26470 . afC74thx+7CsSDKncMo07iN03wryBeSaNkY0+MFYPPVp2pwM2tntWk9M 7ynyr3oTAwhkXOXtOzCXYe1b4cjjwJxTLdUHYD5sYMKtS8n9TAWlSxuc JK0Ogabn12H2jwLUjiBYbp0r8lJD+zkNTk6VRH+KDmWvQXrD5W0XFRBL KIHKcBixaAURtnbXicjR8BNcrY3UEqn8T0PWrz9rVt/712kRGMZa7di5 1offAReLX/qsBqGyYAG2XsC95St8e2ZNrsuVbi9VMxVsSfi4yvWgYg19 dGvpK3r1OhVh/CjovaIbAvlCptitHd24LhNl8INjjq4emupxZ06G7sPZ +xEI/Q==
;; Received 525 bytes from 192.168.1.102#53(192.168.1.102) in 3 ms

;; Connection to 2001:503:c27::2:30#53(2001:503:c27::2:30) for post.ch failed: network unreachable.
;; no servers could be reached

;; Connection to 2001:503:c27::2:30#53(2001:503:c27::2:30) for post.ch failed: network unreachable.
;; no servers could be reached

;; Connection to 2001:503:c27::2:30#53(2001:503:c27::2:30) for post.ch failed: network unreachable.
;; Connection to 2001:dc3::35#53(2001:dc3::35) for post.ch failed: network unreachable.
ch. 172800 IN NS b.nic.ch.
ch. 172800 IN NS e.nic.ch.
ch. 172800 IN NS a.nic.ch.
ch. 172800 IN NS d.nic.ch.
ch. 172800 IN NS f.nic.ch.
ch. 86400 IN DS 14051 13 2 ABF0B9C56282F0558D59B5EEF0F881B7DB4F39043972411FDB06E665 93A9E8B1
ch. 86400 IN RRSIG DS 8 1 86400 20250206050000 20250124040000 26470 . h8mKE1mGFA/FSdCVBKqURqV793TetrjaeWde76+fi+I0wE1tN9P6PHcG MIlob8tOTgHieYiOngkm0dw2j9rIWHv3o4oNytMZ6PKMnxI1DEgI2RHe 7XN9ESKp4siu6JdKegRUA0946XyM/iwrfGPIaaLkuZn+SgT2EdyH5Km6 7TuzXsJySGoLnMpdGdW7MbQwZtVaI7cVFqJc8XYN9dHghdNWVL4zwjPV 5vYQC6MW4z7w48mvIqmv67FDCgmx5KWRZuq0UmNOB7/cK+fl20nw65Dq wROClH5GUkxlVQ+aenFgOcRlKS66a6LJELgz/1GQUSZWvr0njUEQ8iZz jtxwfA==
;; Received 675 bytes from 198.41.0.4#53(a.root-servers.net) in 19 ms

post.ch. 3600 IN NS dns1.post.ch.
post.ch. 3600 IN NS dns2.post.ch.
post.ch. 3600 IN NS dns3.post.ch.
post.ch. 3600 IN NS dns4.post.ch.
post.ch. 3600 IN DS 4855 8 2 BC2A0BE767AB63630FB7842204993FD92DB6AFC1E7CD18FAF14AD1C9 C1FA90ED
post.ch. 3600 IN RRSIG DS 13 2 3600 20250214084612 20250115080159 57263 ch. Gyl2z1tWvMfUVXhf3tvLvlF2vzRrUNKy/5zbW0ZG0mkv3gZ7XTvqHupM 58Fvyes+1TOG6OoSkGORzESFj+xJMg==
;; Received 434 bytes from 194.0.25.39#53(d.nic.ch) in 3 ms

;; Connection to 2a00:17c8:0:8000::201#53(2a00:17c8:0:8000::201) for post.ch failed: network unreachable.
;; Connection to 2a00:17c8:0:8000::200#53(2a00:17c8:0:8000::200) for post.ch failed: network unreachable.
;; communications error to 194.41.216.137#53: timed out
;; communications error to 194.41.152.136#53: timed out
;; communications error to 194.41.152.135#53: timed out
;; Connection to 2a00:17c8::201#53(2a00:17c8::201) for post.ch failed: network unreachable.
;; communications error to 194.41.216.136#53: timed out
;; Connection to 2a00:17c8::200#53(2a00:17c8::200) for post.ch failed: network unreachable.
;; no servers could be reached

@wcawijngaards
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That is interesting. One not so important result, that the machine does not do IPv6. Setting unbound do-ip6: no can help keep the logs cleaner, removing the IPv6 related failures. It would work otherwise.

But the tcp access succeeds, for dig, to the servers for the root and .ch, but tcp access fails towards the servers for post.ch. For ipv6 it fails like the other IPv6 connections. But for IPv4 it gives timed out. Perhaps post.ch disallows all tcp traffic, but has an overly large DNSKEY. If I try this here, then the IPv4 address responds fine over TCP. So, the dig query that fails, without the long trace, is dig @194.41.216.137 +dnssec post.ch DNSKEY and perhaps with +tcp too. That is what prints the 'timed out'. Unbound would have that too, and thus cannot resolve post.ch.

Perhaps there is a firewall that disallows tcp access. But then only towards post.ch and not the root servers or .ch nameservers. Not some blanked denial of all DNS TCP, and I do not know what is going on. I have no clue why the TCP connections time out.

@piperino721
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just so you know "do-ip6: no" already set in the config. not sure why it still tries it.

I've just contacted my provider to check what's going on. Funny enough i've found a thread in my providers community forum were a user with almost exactly the same setup having the same issue.

Additionally, i would like to thank you very much for your help:)

dig @194.41.216.137 +dnssec post.ch DNSKEY
;; Truncated, retrying in TCP mode.
;; communications error to 194.41.216.137#53: timed out
;; communications error to 194.41.216.137#53: timed out
;; communications error to 194.41.216.137#53: timed out

@wcawijngaards
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Glad to hear that there is way to figure out more. The reason that IPv6 was visible there is because that was the output of the 'dig +trace' program, and not from unbound that is using the unbound configuration. The dig command for the DNSKEY shows precisely the failed connection output.

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