JSONiq-tutorial-4.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "80b4ef60",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Big Data HS 2024\n",
    "\n",
    "## JSONiq tutorial - week 4"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "0d21726b",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "This is the JSONiq tutorial for weeks 4.\n",
    "\n",
    "Do not forget to use localhost:8888 as the URL to make sure the notebook is accessed via docker! And if it does not work, you should delete all containers, images, and volumes, then try again with\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "469ccebf",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "````\n",
    "docker-compose up\n",
    "````"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "7fa4dd13",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Like last week, junst run the cell below to connect the Jupyter notebook with RumbleDB."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "id": "49147176",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "env: RUMBLEDB_SERVER=http://rumble:9090/jsoniq\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%load_ext rumbledb\n",
    "%env RUMBLEDB_SERVER=http://rumble:9090/jsoniq"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "e8fe589f",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Arrays and Objects\n",
    "Any well-formed JSON document is a JSONiq expression as well. This means that you can copy-and-paste any JSON document into a query, including arrays and objects. "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "id": "82a4c51b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 1.7623229026794434 ms\n",
      "[2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "[ 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13 ]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "7d4694b3",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.019771575927734375 ms\n",
      "{\"pi\": 3.14, \"sq2\": 1.4}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "{ \"pi\" : 3.14, \"sq2\" : 1.4 }"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "4efb8cce",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Just like in a JSON document, you can arbitrarily nest arrays and objects."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "e8143097",
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.01816725730895996 ms\n",
      "{\"operations\": [{\"binary\": [\"and\", \"or\"]}, {\"unary\": [\"not\"]}], \"bits\": [0, 1]}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "{\n",
    "      \"operations\" : [\n",
    "        { \"binary\" : [ \"and\", \"or\"] },\n",
    "        { \"unary\" : [\"not\"] }\n",
    "      ],\n",
    "      \"bits\" : [\n",
    "        0, 1\n",
    "      ]\n",
    "    }"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "id": "fd655fed",
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.014514684677124023 ms\n",
      "[{\"Question\": \"Ultimate\"}, [\"Life\", \"the universe\", \"and everything\"]]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "[ { \"Question\" : \"Ultimate\" }, [\"Life\", \"the universe\", \"and everything\"] ]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "ef79c4bf",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "The above queries are \"idempotent\" (they just output themselves). This works with objects, arrays (even nested), strings, numbers, booleans, null.\n",
    "\n",
    "It also works the other way round: if your query outputs an object, you can use it as a JSON document.\n",
    "JSONiq is a declarative language. This means that you only need to say what you want - the compiler will take care of the how. \n",
    "\n",
    "In the above queries, you are basically saying: I want to output this JSON content, and here it is."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "be5bf164",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "In fact JSONiq makes JSON \"dynamic\": try to replace numbers with arithmetic formulas, keys with concatenations of strings, etc and see how the resulting JSON object is automatically created."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "id": "aa53ef19",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.03003239631652832 ms\n",
      "[{\"foo\": 4, \"bar\": true}, 35]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "[{\n",
    "    \"foo\" : 2 + 2,\n",
    "    \"bar\" : if(2 gt 1) then true else false\n",
    "}, 5 * 7]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "0f521284",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "You can also use the `to` operator to generate an array."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "id": "ef7772da",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.034728050231933594 ms\n",
      "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "[1 to 5]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "c799ef7a",
   "metadata": {
    "cell_status": {
     "execute_time": {
      "duration": 17337.39599609375,
      "end_time": 1557230774662.657
     }
    }
   },
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "## Sequences\n",
    "\n",
    "Until now, we have only been working with single values (an object, an array, a number, a string, a boolean). JSONiq supports sequences of values. You can build a sequence using commas:\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "id": "90e2f365",
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.014913558959960938 ms\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n",
      "5\n",
      "6\n",
      "7\n",
      "8\n",
      "9\n",
      "10\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    " (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "1047ae31",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Sequences can be heterogeneous."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "id": "0c6473ac",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.019682884216308594 ms\n",
      "1\n",
      "true\n",
      "42\n",
      "\"Life\"\n",
      "[1, 2]\n",
      "{\"foo\": \"bar\"}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "1, true, 4.2e1, \"Life\", [1,2], {\"foo\": \"bar\"}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "4ff4bb16",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "You can also use the `to` operator to generate a sequence."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "id": "d12559c7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.013981103897094727 ms\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n",
      "5\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    " %%jsoniq\n",
    "1 to 5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "a54e548f",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Unlike arrays and objects, sequences are flat, which means sequences cannot be nested. The following cells are the same."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "id": "08a1d77a",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.015149354934692383 ms\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n",
      "5\n",
      "6\n",
      "7\n",
      "8\n",
      "9\n",
      "10\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    " (1, 2), ((3)), ((4, (5)), 6, 7, 8, 9), 10"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "id": "d9071fe6",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.014461755752563477 ms\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n",
      "5\n",
      "6\n",
      "7\n",
      "8\n",
      "9\n",
      "10\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    " (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "id": "519ef542",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.013885736465454102 ms\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n",
      "5\n",
      "6\n",
      "7\n",
      "8\n",
      "9\n",
      "10\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    " %%jsoniq\n",
    "1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "id": "19b6d135",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.01258087158203125 ms\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n",
      "5\n",
      "6\n",
      "7\n",
      "8\n",
      "9\n",
      "10\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    " %%jsoniq\n",
    "1 to 10"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "1cd650dd",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Try your own queries!\n",
    "\n",
    "This notebook is interactive. You can edit all queries above and also execute your own! We will show you more features every week."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "id": "fa53f4cf",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.012814998626708984 ms\n",
      "[2]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "[ 1 + 1 ]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "id": "c781a830",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.013915777206420898 ms\n",
      "{\"foo\": 1}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "{ \"foo\": 1 }"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "id": "067e0db1",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.012912750244140625 ms\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "1, 2, 3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "id": "1ddcd5e7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.013753175735473633 ms\n",
      "2\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "1+1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "id": "e5b0ab65",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.013253927230834961 ms\n",
      "2\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "1+1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "id": "987f06d0",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.012827157974243164 ms\n",
      "2\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "1+1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "id": "7831547c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.02243971824645996 ms\n",
      "2\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "1+1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "id": "ac36ecd5",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.01473379135131836 ms\n",
      "2\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "1+1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "id": "bdb50a93",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Took: 0.013779401779174805 ms\n",
      "2\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%%jsoniq\n",
    "1+1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "0e45782d",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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