diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci-testing.yml b/.github/workflows/ci-testing.yml
index b6de807d5..4ad3bfbeb 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci-testing.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci-testing.yml
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
-        python-version: [3.7, 3.8, 3.9]
+        python-version: [3.8, 3.9, '3.10']
     defaults:
       run:
         shell: bash -l {0}
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ jobs:
       - name: Minimum packages
         # Only run on Linux for now
         # Conda's linux packages don't grab the testing label of matplotlib causing failures due to freetype differences
-        if: matrix.python-version == '3.7' && matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
+        if: matrix.python-version == '3.8' && matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
         id: minimum-packages
         run: |
-          echo "PACKAGES=cython=0.28.5 matplotlib=3.1 numpy=1.18 owslib=0.17 pyproj=3.0 proj=8.0 scipy=1.2.0 shapely=1.6.4" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "PACKAGES=cython=0.29.15 matplotlib-base=3.2.1 numpy=1.19 owslib=0.19.1 pyproj=3.0 proj=8.0 scipy=1.4.0 shapely=1.6.4" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Latest packages
         if: steps.minimum-packages.conclusion == 'skipped'
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Coverage packages
         id: coverage
         # only want the coverage to be run on the latest ubuntu
-        if: matrix.python-version == '3.9' && matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
+        if: matrix.python-version == '3.10' && matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
         run: |
           echo "PACKAGES=$PACKAGES pytest-cov coveralls" >> $GITHUB_ENV
           echo "CYTHON_COVERAGE=1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
diff --git a/INSTALL b/INSTALL
index fd2c07aaa..a64b418b3 100644
--- a/INSTALL
+++ b/INSTALL
@@ -106,10 +106,10 @@ to the core packages.
 
 Further information about the required dependencies can be found here:
 
-**Python** 3.7 or later (https://www.python.org/)
+**Python** 3.8 or later (https://www.python.org/)
     Python 2 support was removed in v0.19.
 
-**Matplotlib** 3.1 or later (https://matplotlib.org/)
+**Matplotlib** 3.2 or later (https://matplotlib.org/)
     Python package for 2D plotting. Python package required for any
     graphical capabilities.
 
diff --git a/lib/cartopy/crs.py b/lib/cartopy/crs.py
index f1ae00cbe..87c07e9ed 100644
--- a/lib/cartopy/crs.py
+++ b/lib/cartopy/crs.py
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
 
 
 # Cache the transformer creation method
-@lru_cache()
+@lru_cache
 def _get_transformer_from_crs(src_crs, tgt_crs):
     return Transformer.from_crs(src_crs, tgt_crs, always_xy=True)
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ def _safe_pj_transform(src_crs, tgt_crs, x, y, z=None, trap=True):
     return xx, yy, zz
 
 
-class Globe(object):
+class Globe:
     """
     Define an ellipsoid and, optionally, how to relate it to the real world.
 
@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ def __init__(self, globe=None):
         """
         proj4_params = [('proj', 'lonlat')]
         globe = globe or Globe(datum='WGS84')
-        super(Geodetic, self).__init__(proj4_params, globe)
+        super().__init__(proj4_params, globe)
 
     # XXX Implement fwd such as Basemap's Geod.
     # Would be used in the tissot example.
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ def __init__(self, globe=None):
         """
         proj4_params = [('proj', 'geocent')]
         globe = globe or Globe(datum='WGS84')
-        super(Geocentric, self).__init__(proj4_params, globe)
+        super().__init__(proj4_params, globe)
 
 
 class RotatedGeodetic(CRS):
diff --git a/lib/cartopy/mpl/gridliner.py b/lib/cartopy/mpl/gridliner.py
index d54162d4f..58d993c92 100644
--- a/lib/cartopy/mpl/gridliner.py
+++ b/lib/cartopy/mpl/gridliner.py
@@ -1259,7 +1259,7 @@ def _axes_domain(self, nx=None, ny=None):
         return lon_range, lat_range
 
 
-class Label(object):
+class Label:
     """Helper class to manage the attributes for a single label"""
 
     def __init__(self, artist, path, xy, loc):
diff --git a/lib/cartopy/tests/mpl/test_caching.py b/lib/cartopy/tests/mpl/test_caching.py
index 7e5f09ca0..276e182d8 100644
--- a/lib/cartopy/tests/mpl/test_caching.py
+++ b/lib/cartopy/tests/mpl/test_caching.py
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ def test_contourf_transform_path_counting():
     with mock.patch('cartopy.mpl.patch.path_to_geos') as path_to_geos_counter:
         x, y, z = sample_data((30, 60))
         cs = ax.contourf(x, y, z, 5, transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
-        n_geom = sum([len(c.get_paths()) for c in cs.collections])
+        n_geom = sum(len(c.get_paths()) for c in cs.collections)
         del cs
         fig.canvas.draw()
 
diff --git a/lib/cartopy/tests/mpl/test_examples.py b/lib/cartopy/tests/mpl/test_examples.py
index 5ae17efb6..c678cc593 100644
--- a/lib/cartopy/tests/mpl/test_examples.py
+++ b/lib/cartopy/tests/mpl/test_examples.py
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 # licensing details.
 
 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
-from packaging.version import parse as parse_version
 import pytest
 
 import cartopy.crs as ccrs
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ def test_global_map():
 @pytest.mark.natural_earth
 @pytest.mark.mpl_image_compare(filename='contour_label.png',
                                tolerance=(9.9
-                                          if MPL_VERSION < parse_version('3.2')
+                                          if MPL_VERSION.release[:2] < (3, 3)
                                           else 0.5))
 def test_contour_label():
     from cartopy.tests.mpl.test_caching import sample_data
diff --git a/lib/cartopy/tests/mpl/test_mpl_integration.py b/lib/cartopy/tests/mpl/test_mpl_integration.py
index 367d46323..6ca0fac53 100644
--- a/lib/cartopy/tests/mpl/test_mpl_integration.py
+++ b/lib/cartopy/tests/mpl/test_mpl_integration.py
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
-from packaging.version import parse as parse_version
 import pytest
 
 import cartopy.crs as ccrs
@@ -110,9 +109,7 @@ def test_global_scatter_wrap_no_transform():
 
 
 @pytest.mark.natural_earth
-@pytest.mark.mpl_image_compare(
-    filename='global_hexbin_wrap.png',
-    tolerance=2 if MPL_VERSION < parse_version('3.2') else 0.5)
+@pytest.mark.mpl_image_compare(filename='global_hexbin_wrap.png')
 def test_global_hexbin_wrap():
     ax = plt.axes(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())
     ax.coastlines(zorder=2)
@@ -131,7 +128,7 @@ def test_global_hexbin_wrap():
 @pytest.mark.natural_earth
 @pytest.mark.mpl_image_compare(
     filename='global_hexbin_wrap.png',
-    tolerance=2 if MPL_VERSION < parse_version('3.2') else 0.5)
+    tolerance=0.5)
 def test_global_hexbin_wrap_transform():
     ax = plt.axes(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())
     ax.coastlines(zorder=2)
@@ -191,8 +188,7 @@ def test_simple_global():
                  id='TransverseMercator'),
 ])
 @pytest.mark.mpl_image_compare(
-    tolerance=(2.61 if MPL_VERSION.release[:2] == (3, 1) else
-               0.97 if MPL_VERSION.release[:2] < (3, 5) else 0.5),
+    tolerance=0.97 if MPL_VERSION.release[:2] < (3, 5) else 0.5,
     style='mpl20')
 def test_global_map(proj):
     if isinstance(proj, tuple):
@@ -844,8 +840,7 @@ def test_barbs_1d_transformed():
 @pytest.mark.natural_earth
 @pytest.mark.mpl_image_compare(
     filename='streamplot.png', style='mpl20',
-    tolerance=(42 if MPL_VERSION.release[:2] < (3, 2) else
-               9.77 if MPL_VERSION.release[:2] < (3, 5) else 0.5))
+    tolerance=9.77 if MPL_VERSION.release[:2] < (3, 5) else 0.5)
 def test_streamplot():
     x = np.arange(-60, 42.5, 2.5)
     y = np.arange(30, 72.5, 2.5)
diff --git a/lib/cartopy/tests/test_img_nest.py b/lib/cartopy/tests/test_img_nest.py
index 1860611bb..4990bd896 100644
--- a/lib/cartopy/tests/test_img_nest.py
+++ b/lib/cartopy/tests/test_img_nest.py
@@ -149,8 +149,8 @@ def test_intersect(tmp_path):
     for zoom, image_names in expected:
         key = [k for k in nic._ancestry.keys() if k[0] == zoom][0]
         ancestry = nic._ancestry[key]
-        fnames = sorted([os.path.basename(item[1].filename)
-                         for item in ancestry])
+        fnames = sorted(os.path.basename(item[1].filename)
+                        for item in ancestry)
         assert image_names == fnames
 
     # Check image retrieval for specific domain.
@@ -234,14 +234,14 @@ def test_nest(nest_from_config):
         key = ('aerial z0 test', z0.images[0])
         assert ('aerial z1 test', img) in nest_z0_z1._ancestry[key]
 
-    x1_y0_z1, = [img for img in z1.images
-                 if img.filename.endswith('z_1/x_1_y_0.png')]
+    x1_y0_z1, = (img for img in z1.images
+                 if img.filename.endswith('z_1/x_1_y_0.png'))
 
     assert (1, 0, 1) == _tile_from_img(x1_y0_z1)
 
     assert ([(2, 0, 2), (2, 1, 2), (3, 0, 2), (3, 1, 2)] ==
-            sorted([_tile_from_img(img) for z, img in
-                    nest.subtiles(('aerial z1 test', x1_y0_z1))]))
+            sorted(_tile_from_img(img) for z, img in
+                   nest.subtiles(('aerial z1 test', x1_y0_z1))))
 
     # check that the the images in the nest from configuration are the
     # same as those created by hand.
diff --git a/lib/cartopy/tests/test_img_tiles.py b/lib/cartopy/tests/test_img_tiles.py
index 1867242ca..21cf33008 100644
--- a/lib/cartopy/tests/test_img_tiles.py
+++ b/lib/cartopy/tests/test_img_tiles.py
@@ -377,9 +377,9 @@ def test_cache(cache_dir, tmp_path):
     assert sorted(files) == [f for x, y, z, f, h in x_y_z_f_h]
     assert set(files) == gt.cache
 
-    assert sorted(hashes.values()) == sorted([
+    assert sorted(hashes.values()) == sorted(
         h for x, y, z, f, h in x_y_z_f_h
-    ])
+    )
 
     # Update images in cache (all white)
     for f in files:
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 6517b5e41..b12d5f26c 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@
 # and/or pip.
 import sys
 
-PYTHON_MIN_VERSION = (3, 7)
+PYTHON_MIN_VERSION = (3, 8)
 
 if sys.version_info < PYTHON_MIN_VERSION:
     error = """
-Beginning with Cartopy 0.19, Python {} or above is required.
+Beginning with Cartopy 0.21, Python {} or above is required.
 You are using Python {}.
 
 This may be due to an out of date pip.
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
 try:
     import numpy as np
 except ImportError:
-    raise ImportError('NumPy 1.10+ is required to install cartopy.')
+    raise ImportError('NumPy 1.19+ is required to install cartopy.')
 
 
 # Please keep in sync with INSTALL file.
@@ -379,9 +379,9 @@ def decythonize(extensions, **_ignore):
             'Programming Language :: C++',
             'Programming Language :: Python',
             'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
-            'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7',
             'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8',
             'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9',
+            'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10',
             'Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only',
             'Topic :: Scientific/Engineering',
             'Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: GIS',