Pacman.txt

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Creation-Date: 2016-10-23T00:42:15+02:00

====== Pacman ======
Created søndag 23 oktober 2016

== Log files ==
**# Pacman's output is logged to** ///var/log/pacman.log//


===== Configuration file =====
**# The pacman configuration can be found at** ///etc/pacman.conf//

== Skip package from being upgraded ==
**# Add packages to the** IgnorePkg= **option. **
**#** **Additional packages can be added with a space-separated list.**
**# The same can be done for a group (Gnome ex.) with the** //IgnoreGroup=// **option.**

== 32-bit libraries (multilib) ==
**# Uncomment the multilib repository for 32-bit supported packages (Steam ex.)**

== A little extra sweetness ==
**# Add colors to your pacman output, by outcommenting **//#Color //**in **//#// //Misc Options//
**# Outcomment **//VerbosePkgLists//** to get a more detailed package overview when upgrading the system**
**# Also, a little nice Easter Egg is the pacman (game) imitation. Add **//ILoveCandy//** to **//#// //Misc Options// 
{{{code: lang="texinfo" linenumbers="True"
Color
VerbosePkgLists
ILoveCandy
}}}



===== General Usage =====
**# You can install a single or multiple packages**
$ pacman -S //package1 package2//

**# Check if package came with a service file **
$ pacman -Qql //<PACKAGE_NAME>// | grep -Fe .service -e .socket

**#** **Remove packages**
$ pacman -Rs //<PACKAGE_NAME>     //**#**// -s //**= remove dependencies not needed by other packages too**
$ pacman -Rn //<PACKAGE_NAME>     //**#**// -n //**= don't create a **//.pacsave//** file**

**# Upgrade system**
$ pacman -Syyu

**#** **Searching packages**
$ pacman -Ss //<SEARCH_CRITERIA>             //**# Search in names and descriptions**
$ pacman -Ss '^//<SEARCH_CRITERIA>'          //**# Search in names only**
$ pacman -Qs //<SEARCH_CRITERIA>            //**# Search installed packages**

**#** **Extensive information about a package **
$ pacman -Si //<PACKAGE_NAME>//
$ pacman -Qi //<PACKAGE_NAME>           //**# Installed packages**

**#** **List all installed packages (not dependecies)**
$ pacman -Qet

**# List dependency tree for a package**
$ pactree //<PACKAGE_NAME>//

**#** **List all packages depending on a package**
$ pactree -r //<PACKAGE_NAME>//

**# List all orphans**
$ pacman -Qdt


===== Unofficial keys =====
**# You can add a key as trusted to the pacman-key, in 3 simple steps.**

**#** **First read the key **
$ pacman-key -r //keyid                                //**# Key from a server**
$ pacman-key --add /path/to/file               **# Provided key-file**

**#** **Verify it **
$ pacman-key -f //keyid//

**#** **Sign it **
$ pacman-key --lsign-key //keyid//

**# If you get a dirmngr ERROR, run the following**
$ dirmngr < /dev/null


===== Tips and Tricks =====
**# Some random Tips and Tricks**

== Packages changelog ==
**# Update changes can be viewed by installing pacolog (AUR)**
$ yaourt -S pacolog

**# Invoke it with**
$ pacolog //<PACKAGE_NAME>//

== Save a list of installed packages ==
**# You can save a list of installed packages and speed up installation of same packages **
**#** **on a fresh install. Create a list with **
$ pacman -Qqen > pkglist.txt

**# To install the packages from the newly created list** 
pacman -S < pkglist.txt

**# If the list include AUR packages, remove these from the list first **
$ pacman -S $(comm -12 <(pacman -Slq | sort) <(sort pkglist.txt))

== Optimize database access speed ==
$ pacman -Sc && sudo pacman-optimize

== Update notifier ==
**# If you'd like to be notified when there's an update, you can install **//Kalu//** (AUR)**
**# Though, you can expect there to be updates pretty much every day^**
$ yaourt -S kalu

== Help the developers at Arch ==
**# **//pkgstats//** sends a list of installed packages, kernels, architecture and mirrors you use (anonymous)**
**# to the Arch Linux developers. This is done once a week automatically. **
$ pacman -S pkgstat


===== Hooks =====
**# A hook is an action (or set of) to be run when pacman remove/upgrade/install is invoked.**
**# Hooks can be saved in** ///etc/pacman.d/hooks/// **Below is a default hook file** 
**# Hooks must be saved with the** //.hook// **extension**
{{{code: lang="texinfo" linenumbers="True"
[Trigger]
Operation = 
Type = 
Target = 

[Action]
Description = 
When = 
Exec = 
Depends = 
AbortOnFail
NeedsTarget
}}}

	
**#** **Triggers **
{{{object: aligns="left,left,left" wraps="0,0,0"
|                                          | Description                             | Required/repeatable    |
|:-----------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------|:-----------------------|
| Operation = Install \| Upgrade \| Remove |                                         | # Required, Repeatable |
| Type = File \| Package                   | # Select Package                        | # Required             |
| Target = <path> \| <package>             | # Files in a directory or specific file | # Required, Repeatable |
}}}

                                     					
**#** **Actions **
{{{object: aligns="left,left,left" wraps="0,0,0"
|                                          | Description                                                              | Required/repeatable |
|:-----------------------------------------|:-------------------------------------------------------------------------|:--------------------|
| Description =                            | # description for front-end view                                         |                     |
| Exec = <command>                         | # Command to run                                                         | # Required          |
| When = PreTransaction \| PostTransaction |                                                                          | # Required          |
| Depends = <package>                      | # Packages that must be installed for hook to run                        |                     |
| AbortOnFail                              | # Cancel the transaction if error occurs. Only works with PreTransaction |                     |
| NeedsTarget                              | # Pass along if Trigger.Target is set                                    |                     |
}}}

				

== Useful Hooks ==
**#** **Sync storage caches to reduce the risk of system corruption **
{{{code: lang="texinfo" linenumbers="True"
[Trigger]
Operation = Install
Operation = Upgrade
Operation = Remove
Type = Package
Target = *

[Action]
Depends = coreutils
When = PostTransaction
Exec = /bin/sync
}}}

 

===== Troubleshoot =====
**# A few troubleshoot examples **

== "Failed to commit transaction (conflicting files)" error : ==
	error: could not prepare transaction
	error: failed to commit transaction (conflicting files)
	package: /path/to/file exists in filesystem
	Errors occurred, no packages were upgraded.

**# The above indicates a conflict in packages. **
**#** **To fix this, first check if the file is owned by another package** 
$ pacman -Qo ///path/to///file

**# If the file does not belong to any other package, it can be removed. **
**# If the file is owned, file a bug report.**

== "Failed to commit transaction (invalid or corrupted package)" error : ==
**# Caused by partially downloaded packages** **(***.part**)** **stored  in** ///var/cache/pacman/pkg///	
**# Remove them with** 
$ find /var/cache/pacman/pkg/ -iname "*.part" -exec rm {} \;

== "Failed to init transaction (unable to lock database)" error : ==
**# Close all instances of pacman and run** 
$ rm /var/lib/pacman/db.lck

== Key could not be looked up remotely ==
**# Ex.** 
	downloading required keys...
	error: key "F22FB1D78A77AEAB" could not be looked up remotely
	error: required key missing from keyring

**# Problems with the Keyring can be solved by re-installing the keyring**
$ pacman -Sy archlinux-keyring
$ pacman -Su