diff --git a/packages/query-core/src/__tests__/query.test.tsx b/packages/query-core/src/__tests__/query.test.tsx
index 1f76177467..dc87e16fac 100644
--- a/packages/query-core/src/__tests__/query.test.tsx
+++ b/packages/query-core/src/__tests__/query.test.tsx
@@ -965,4 +965,53 @@ describe('query', () => {
     await sleep(60) // let it resolve
     expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledWith('1 - 2')
   })
+
+  it('should have an error status when queryFn data is not serializable', async () => {
+    const consoleMock = vi.spyOn(console, 'error')
+
+    consoleMock.mockImplementation(() => undefined)
+
+    const key = queryKey()
+
+    const queryFn = vi.fn()
+
+    queryFn.mockImplementation(async () => {
+      await sleep(10)
+
+      const data: Array<{
+        id: number
+        name: string
+        link: null | { id: number; name: string; link: unknown }
+      }> = Array.from({ length: 5 })
+        .fill(null)
+        .map((_, index) => ({
+          id: index,
+          name: `name-${index}`,
+          link: null,
+        }))
+
+      if (data[0] && data[1]) {
+        data[0].link = data[1]
+        data[1].link = data[0]
+      }
+
+      return data
+    })
+
+    await queryClient.prefetchQuery({ queryKey: key, queryFn })
+
+    const query = queryCache.find({ queryKey: key })!
+
+    expect(queryFn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+
+    expect(consoleMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.stringContaining(
+        'StructuralSharing requires data to be JSON serializable',
+      ),
+    )
+
+    expect(query.state.status).toBe('error')
+
+    consoleMock.mockRestore()
+  })
 })
diff --git a/packages/query-core/src/query.ts b/packages/query-core/src/query.ts
index b51ff6b5be..1160b1acfd 100644
--- a/packages/query-core/src/query.ts
+++ b/packages/query-core/src/query.ts
@@ -499,7 +499,12 @@ export class Query<
           return
         }
 
-        this.setData(data)
+        try {
+          this.setData(data)
+        } catch (error) {
+          onError(error as TError)
+          return
+        }
 
         // Notify cache callback
         this.#cache.config.onSuccess?.(data, this as Query<any, any, any, any>)
diff --git a/packages/query-core/src/utils.ts b/packages/query-core/src/utils.ts
index f84fdcd775..a33671c202 100644
--- a/packages/query-core/src/utils.ts
+++ b/packages/query-core/src/utils.ts
@@ -353,6 +353,19 @@ export function replaceData<
   if (typeof options.structuralSharing === 'function') {
     return options.structuralSharing(prevData, data) as TData
   } else if (options.structuralSharing !== false) {
+    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
+      try {
+        JSON.stringify(prevData)
+        JSON.stringify(data)
+      } catch (error) {
+        console.error(
+          `StructuralSharing requires data to be JSON serializable. To fix this, turn off structuralSharing or return JSON-serializable data from your queryFn. [${options.queryHash}]: ${error}`,
+        )
+
+        throw new Error('Data is not serializable')
+      }
+    }
+
     // Structurally share data between prev and new data if needed
     return replaceEqualDeep(prevData, data)
   }