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fishing.md

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Lures

Lure Type Application Bass Bluegull Crappie Kokanee Makinaw Muskie Northern Pike Panfish Salmon Steelhead Stripers Trout Walleye White Bass Yellow Perch
Crankbait/Plug Casting, trolling X X X X X X X X
Jig Casting, vertical fishing, ice fishing X X X X X X X X X
Inline Spinner Casting, trolling X X X X X X X
Spoon Casting, trolling, ice fishing X X X X X X X X
Topwater Casting X X X X X
Swimbait Casting, trolling, vertical fishing, ice fishing X X X X X X X
Soft Plastic Casting, finesse tactics, ultra light fishing X X X X X X X X
Blade Casting, vertical fishing, ice fishing, trolling X X X X X X X X
Spinner Casting X X X
Chatter Casting X X X X
Fly Fly fishing, casting, finesse tactics, ultra light fishing, trolling X X X X X X X

From https://www.sportsmans.com/fishing-lures-types-chart

Crankbait

Most times, a crank and pause retrieve will outfish a straight retrieve. Fish the lure more with the rod than the reel. Pull the lure forward by sweeping the rod in a stop-and-go motion and take up line as the rod is moved forward to repeat the process.

Jig

To use a jig, cast near known underwater structure, or in the flow of an incoming stream and work the jig with short jerks of the rod while slowly reeling in your line. The jerk works the jig up and down as it approaches shore in the manner of a baitfish trying to elude predators.

Spinner

A spinner is among the easiest lures to use. Just cast and retrieve, you don’t need to jerk the rod, or flip it up or down, just turn the handle on your reel and let the lure do its work. You can adjust the depth of the spinner by slowing down your retrieve for deeper use or cranking faster to keep the lure at shallower depths.

Spoon

Great for predators typically found on deep structure. Let the spoon freefall down. When it hits bottom, take up slack line until the rod tip is a foot above the water, then work the spoon with short jerks up and down. Usually, strikes occur when the spoon is falling, so be ready.

  • Try a red, yellow, or orange spoon if the water and light are clear and bright.
  • If the water is murky, or the light is low, use a blue, indigo, or violet spoon.
  • Use a silver spoon on a cloudless day. The reflected sun on the spoon will make attractive bait.

Topwater

To use a topwater lure you have to make an accurate cast near cattails, willows, lily pads, or overhanging brush. Often you’ll get a strike as soon as the lure hits the water, but jerking the popper a few feet, reeling in line, then jerking again extends the attraction on each cast. This is a fabulous bass lure.

Swimbait

This type of lure is designed for fish over 10 lbs. You must reel in the swimbait slowly.

Soft Plastic

To use a soft plastic bait, cast it into open water and let it sink for a few seconds. Jerk lightly and retrieve in still water. In slow-moving water, you can jerk lightly then allow the current to pull the line tight, then jerk again. This stationary jerking motion is a natural way to present bait suspended in thermal layers of water.

Blade

This is an easy lure to fish since it only requires a constant retrieval rate. You can jerk and pop ta blade bait for more action, but the retrieve is often enough. These are painted to match minnows, sunfish fry, or bluegill fry, matching these popular baitfish.

Line Type

Braided vs Non-Braided

  • Braided is stronger.
  • Non-braided fluorocarbon is less visible.
  • Both can be used by usimg braid with a fluoro lead.
    • Select a fluro leader line that's one to two times the breaking strength of the braided line.
    • Some knots that can be used to tie braided line to fluorocarbon include the Alberto knot, blood knot, and Albright knot.

Line Color

  • Camoflage line reduces ability of fourth to spot it.
    • Water depth affects line visibilty to fish.
  • Brighter colors are best to improve the fisherman's sight, in order to spot bites. However, a lead of camo line is recommended to hide the last bit (up to 10ft) from the fish.
  • Fluorocarbon is the line that is most invisible underwater, while the braided line is the strongest, yet most visible above water.

Knots

  • Albright for tying two lines together.
  • Improved Clinch for tying to hook.

Rigs

  • Texas rig
  • Carolina rig

Casting Techniques

  • Dragging Retrieve
    • Cast out and allow to sink to the bottom. Drag the lure across the bottom 2 to 3 feet by slowly raising the tip of the rod. Reel up the slack, and repeat. Ideal for fishing rock bars, gravel, and steep banks, and when fish are bottom feeding on crayfish.
  • Flip and Pitch
    • A simple technique where you hold the rig in one hand and then swing it in a pendulum motion to a target location on the water. This technique is used in tight quarters. Effective for fishing docks, bushes and weed cover where space is limited.
  • Lift and Drop
    • Cast the bait to target location and let it sink to the bottom. Lift the bait a foot off the bottom and allow it to fall back to the bottom. Shake the rod tip occassionally to elicit bites. Use when bass are actively feeding during the summer.
  • Simple Swim
    • Cast the bait out and retrieve it at various speeds. Jerk the rod tip occassionally to create erratic movement and trigger strikes. This technique is used to target feeding bass in weed flats, vegetation and around large structure. Best baits are soft plastic grubs, finesse worms, and swimbaits.
  • Weightless Twitching
    • Use a Texas rig without a weight. Cast the weightless rig into weed flats or vegetation at a shallow to mid depth. Allow the rig to sink to the desired depth, then twitch it in place using short lifts of the rod tip. A twitch followed by a very brief pause is most effective. Ideal setup includes a 3/0 EWG hook with a shad jerkbait or stick worm.