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index.html
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<!doctype html><html lang="en">
<head>
<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
<title>Document-Isolation-Policy</title>
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" name="viewport">
<link href="https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/2021/cg-draft" rel="stylesheet">
<meta content="Bikeshed version 82ce88815, updated Thu Sep 7 16:33:55 2023 -0700" name="generator">
<link href="https://github.com/WICG/document-isolation-policy" rel="canonical">
<meta content="b7145a5b0af70d5279979653541f5e7fe6b6125a" name="document-revision">
<style>
.monkey-patch {
padding: .5em;
border: thin solid #ddd;
border: thin solid 1px;
border-radius: .5em;
margin: .5em calc(-0.5em - 1px);
background-color: rgba(255, 255, 0, 0.03);
backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
box-shadow: 0px 5px 5px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}
.brief {
line-height: 10%;
}
.customHighlight {
padding-top:9px ;
padding-bottom:9px ;
background-color: rgba(255,255,0,0.3)
}
</style>
<style>/* Boilerplate: style-autolinks */
.css.css, .property.property, .descriptor.descriptor {
color: var(--a-normal-text);
font-size: inherit;
font-family: inherit;
}
.css::before, .property::before, .descriptor::before {
content: "‘";
}
.css::after, .property::after, .descriptor::after {
content: "’";
}
.property, .descriptor {
/* Don't wrap property and descriptor names */
white-space: nowrap;
}
.type { /* CSS value <type> */
font-style: italic;
}
pre .property::before, pre .property::after {
content: "";
}
[data-link-type="property"]::before,
[data-link-type="propdesc"]::before,
[data-link-type="descriptor"]::before,
[data-link-type="value"]::before,
[data-link-type="function"]::before,
[data-link-type="at-rule"]::before,
[data-link-type="selector"]::before,
[data-link-type="maybe"]::before {
content: "‘";
}
[data-link-type="property"]::after,
[data-link-type="propdesc"]::after,
[data-link-type="descriptor"]::after,
[data-link-type="value"]::after,
[data-link-type="function"]::after,
[data-link-type="at-rule"]::after,
[data-link-type="selector"]::after,
[data-link-type="maybe"]::after {
content: "’";
}
[data-link-type].production::before,
[data-link-type].production::after,
.prod [data-link-type]::before,
.prod [data-link-type]::after {
content: "";
}
[data-link-type=element],
[data-link-type=element-attr] {
font-family: Menlo, Consolas, "DejaVu Sans Mono", monospace;
font-size: .9em;
}
[data-link-type=element]::before { content: "<" }
[data-link-type=element]::after { content: ">" }
[data-link-type=biblio] {
white-space: pre;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
:root {
--selflink-text: black;
--selflink-bg: silver;
--selflink-hover-text: white;
}
}
</style>
<style>/* Boilerplate: style-colors */
/* Any --*-text not paired with a --*-bg is assumed to have a transparent bg */
:root {
color-scheme: light dark;
--text: black;
--bg: white;
--unofficial-watermark: url(https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/2016/logos/UD-watermark);
--logo-bg: #1a5e9a;
--logo-active-bg: #c00;
--logo-text: white;
--tocnav-normal-text: #707070;
--tocnav-normal-bg: var(--bg);
--tocnav-hover-text: var(--tocnav-normal-text);
--tocnav-hover-bg: #f8f8f8;
--tocnav-active-text: #c00;
--tocnav-active-bg: var(--tocnav-normal-bg);
--tocsidebar-text: var(--text);
--tocsidebar-bg: #f7f8f9;
--tocsidebar-shadow: rgba(0,0,0,.1);
--tocsidebar-heading-text: hsla(203,20%,40%,.7);
--toclink-text: var(--text);
--toclink-underline: #3980b5;
--toclink-visited-text: var(--toclink-text);
--toclink-visited-underline: #054572;
--heading-text: #005a9c;
--hr-text: var(--text);
--algo-border: #def;
--del-text: red;
--del-bg: transparent;
--ins-text: #080;
--ins-bg: transparent;
--a-normal-text: #034575;
--a-normal-underline: #bbb;
--a-visited-text: var(--a-normal-text);
--a-visited-underline: #707070;
--a-hover-bg: rgba(75%, 75%, 75%, .25);
--a-active-text: #c00;
--a-active-underline: #c00;
--blockquote-border: silver;
--blockquote-bg: transparent;
--blockquote-text: currentcolor;
--issue-border: #e05252;
--issue-bg: #fbe9e9;
--issue-text: var(--text);
--issueheading-text: #831616;
--example-border: #e0cb52;
--example-bg: #fcfaee;
--example-text: var(--text);
--exampleheading-text: #574b0f;
--note-border: #52e052;
--note-bg: #e9fbe9;
--note-text: var(--text);
--noteheading-text: hsl(120, 70%, 30%);
--notesummary-underline: silver;
--assertion-border: #aaa;
--assertion-bg: #eee;
--assertion-text: black;
--advisement-border: orange;
--advisement-bg: #fec;
--advisement-text: var(--text);
--advisementheading-text: #b35f00;
--warning-border: red;
--warning-bg: hsla(40,100%,50%,0.95);
--warning-text: var(--text);
--amendment-border: #330099;
--amendment-bg: #F5F0FF;
--amendment-text: var(--text);
--amendmentheading-text: #220066;
--def-border: #8ccbf2;
--def-bg: #def;
--def-text: var(--text);
--defrow-border: #bbd7e9;
--datacell-border: silver;
--indexinfo-text: #707070;
--indextable-hover-text: black;
--indextable-hover-bg: #f7f8f9;
--outdatedspec-bg: rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);
--outdatedspec-text: black;
--outdated-bg: maroon;
--outdated-text: white;
--outdated-shadow: red;
--editedrec-bg: darkorange;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
:root {
--text: #ddd;
--bg: black;
--unofficial-watermark: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='400' height='400'%3E%3Cg fill='%23100808' transform='translate(200 200) rotate(-45) translate(-200 -200)' stroke='%23100808' stroke-width='3'%3E%3Ctext x='50%25' y='220' style='font: bold 70px sans-serif; text-anchor: middle; letter-spacing: 6px;'%3EUNOFFICIAL%3C/text%3E%3Ctext x='50%25' y='305' style='font: bold 70px sans-serif; text-anchor: middle; letter-spacing: 6px;'%3EDRAFT%3C/text%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");
--logo-bg: #1a5e9a;
--logo-active-bg: #c00;
--logo-text: white;
--tocnav-normal-text: #999;
--tocnav-normal-bg: var(--bg);
--tocnav-hover-text: var(--tocnav-normal-text);
--tocnav-hover-bg: #080808;
--tocnav-active-text: #f44;
--tocnav-active-bg: var(--tocnav-normal-bg);
--tocsidebar-text: var(--text);
--tocsidebar-bg: #080808;
--tocsidebar-shadow: rgba(255,255,255,.1);
--tocsidebar-heading-text: hsla(203,20%,40%,.7);
--toclink-text: var(--text);
--toclink-underline: #6af;
--toclink-visited-text: var(--toclink-text);
--toclink-visited-underline: #054572;
--heading-text: #8af;
--hr-text: var(--text);
--algo-border: #456;
--del-text: #f44;
--del-bg: transparent;
--ins-text: #4a4;
--ins-bg: transparent;
--a-normal-text: #6af;
--a-normal-underline: #555;
--a-visited-text: var(--a-normal-text);
--a-visited-underline: var(--a-normal-underline);
--a-hover-bg: rgba(25%, 25%, 25%, .2);
--a-active-text: #f44;
--a-active-underline: var(--a-active-text);
--borderedblock-bg: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05);
--blockquote-border: silver;
--blockquote-bg: var(--borderedblock-bg);
--blockquote-text: currentcolor;
--issue-border: #e05252;
--issue-bg: var(--borderedblock-bg);
--issue-text: var(--text);
--issueheading-text: hsl(0deg, 70%, 70%);
--example-border: hsl(50deg, 90%, 60%);
--example-bg: var(--borderedblock-bg);
--example-text: var(--text);
--exampleheading-text: hsl(50deg, 70%, 70%);
--note-border: hsl(120deg, 100%, 35%);
--note-bg: var(--borderedblock-bg);
--note-text: var(--text);
--noteheading-text: hsl(120, 70%, 70%);
--notesummary-underline: silver;
--assertion-border: #444;
--assertion-bg: var(--borderedblock-bg);
--assertion-text: var(--text);
--advisement-border: orange;
--advisement-bg: #222218;
--advisement-text: var(--text);
--advisementheading-text: #f84;
--warning-border: red;
--warning-bg: hsla(40,100%,20%,0.95);
--warning-text: var(--text);
--amendment-border: #330099;
--amendment-bg: #080010;
--amendment-text: var(--text);
--amendmentheading-text: #cc00ff;
--def-border: #8ccbf2;
--def-bg: #080818;
--def-text: var(--text);
--defrow-border: #136;
--datacell-border: silver;
--indexinfo-text: #aaa;
--indextable-hover-text: var(--text);
--indextable-hover-bg: #181818;
--outdatedspec-bg: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);
--outdatedspec-text: black;
--outdated-bg: maroon;
--outdated-text: white;
--outdated-shadow: red;
--editedrec-bg: darkorange;
}
/* In case a transparent-bg image doesn't expect to be on a dark bg,
which is quite common in practice... */
img { background: white; }
}
</style>
<style>/* Boilerplate: style-counters */
body {
counter-reset: example figure issue;
}
.issue {
counter-increment: issue;
}
.issue:not(.no-marker)::before {
content: "Issue " counter(issue);
}
.example {
counter-increment: example;
}
.example:not(.no-marker)::before {
content: "Example " counter(example);
}
.invalid.example:not(.no-marker)::before,
.illegal.example:not(.no-marker)::before {
content: "Invalid Example" counter(example);
}
figcaption {
counter-increment: figure;
}
figcaption:not(.no-marker)::before {
content: "Figure " counter(figure) " ";
}
</style>
<style>/* Boilerplate: style-dfn-panel */
:root {
--dfnpanel-bg: #ddd;
--dfnpanel-text: var(--text);
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
:root {
--dfnpanel-bg: #222;
--dfnpanel-text: var(--text);
}
}
.dfn-panel {
position: absolute;
z-index: 35;
width: 20em;
width: 300px;
height: auto;
max-height: 500px;
overflow: auto;
padding: 0.5em 0.75em;
font: small Helvetica Neue, sans-serif, Droid Sans Fallback;
background: var(--dfnpanel-bg);
color: var(--dfnpanel-text);
border: outset 0.2em;
white-space: normal; /* in case it's moved into a pre */
}
.dfn-panel:not(.on) { display: none; }
.dfn-panel * { margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; }
.dfn-panel > b { display: block; }
.dfn-panel a { color: var(--dfnpanel-text); }
.dfn-panel a:not(:hover) { text-decoration: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; }
.dfn-panel > b + b { margin-top: 0.25em; }
.dfn-panel ul { padding: 0 0 0 1em; list-style: none; }
.dfn-panel li a {
white-space: pre;
display: inline-block;
max-width: calc(300px - 1.5em - 1em);
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
}
.dfn-panel.activated {
display: inline-block;
position: fixed;
left: .5em;
bottom: 2em;
margin: 0 auto;
max-width: calc(100vw - 1.5em - .4em - .5em);
max-height: 30vh;
}
.dfn-paneled[role="button"] { cursor: pointer; }
</style>
<style>/* Boilerplate: style-dfn-panel */
:root {
--dfnpanel-bg: #ddd;
--dfnpanel-text: var(--text);
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
:root {
--dfnpanel-bg: #222;
--dfnpanel-text: var(--text);
}
}
.dfn-panel {
position: absolute;
z-index: 35;
width: 20em;
width: 300px;
height: auto;
max-height: 500px;
overflow: auto;
padding: 0.5em 0.75em;
font: small Helvetica Neue, sans-serif, Droid Sans Fallback;
background: var(--dfnpanel-bg);
color: var(--dfnpanel-text);
border: outset 0.2em;
white-space: normal; /* in case it's moved into a pre */
}
.dfn-panel:not(.on) { display: none; }
.dfn-panel * { margin: 0; padding: 0; text-indent: 0; }
.dfn-panel > b { display: block; }
.dfn-panel a { color: var(--dfnpanel-text); }
.dfn-panel a:not(:hover) { text-decoration: none !important; border-bottom: none !important; }
.dfn-panel > b + b { margin-top: 0.25em; }
.dfn-panel ul { padding: 0 0 0 1em; list-style: none; }
.dfn-panel li a {
white-space: pre;
display: inline-block;
max-width: calc(300px - 1.5em - 1em);
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
}
.dfn-panel.activated {
display: inline-block;
position: fixed;
left: .5em;
bottom: 2em;
margin: 0 auto;
max-width: calc(100vw - 1.5em - .4em - .5em);
max-height: 30vh;
}
.dfn-paneled[role="button"] { cursor: pointer; }
</style>
<style>/* Boilerplate: style-issues */
a[href].issue-return {
float: right;
float: inline-end;
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<body class="h-entry">
<div class="head">
<p data-fill-with="logo"><a class="logo" href="https://www.w3.org/"> <img alt="W3C" height="48" src="https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/2021/logos/W3C" width="72"> </a> </p>
<h1 class="p-name no-ref" id="title">Document-Isolation-Policy</h1>
<p id="w3c-state"><a href="https://www.w3.org/standards/types#CG-DRAFT">Draft Community Group Report</a>, <time class="dt-updated" datetime="2024-09-18">18 September 2024</time></p>
<div data-fill-with="spec-metadata">
<dl>
<dt>This version:
<dd><a class="u-url" href="https://github.com/WICG/document-isolation-policy">https://github.com/WICG/document-isolation-policy</a>
<dt>Issue Tracking:
<dd><a href="https://github.com/WICG/document-isolation-policy/issues/">GitHub</a>
<dt class="editor">Editor:
<dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard"><a class="p-name fn u-email email" href="mailto:clamy@google.com">Camille Lamy</a> (<span class="p-org org">Google</span>)
</dl>
</div>
<div data-fill-with="warning"></div>
<p class="copyright" data-fill-with="copyright">©2024, Google, Inc. All rights reserved.</p>
<hr title="Separator for header">
</div>
<div class="p-summary" data-fill-with="abstract">
<h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref heading settled" id="abstract"><span class="content">Abstract</span></h2>
<p>This proposal explores a new header, "Document-Isolation-Policy", that
enables crossOriginIsolation for the document, without relying on COOP and
COEP. In turns, this gives access to COI-gated APIs such as SharedArrayBuffers.</p>
</div>
<div data-fill-with="at-risk"></div>
<h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref heading settled" id="status"><span class="content">Status of this document</span></h2>
<div data-fill-with="status">
<p> This specification was published by the <a href="https://www.w3.org/community/wicg/">Web Platform Incubator Community Group</a>.
It is not a W3C Standard nor is it on the W3C Standards Track.
Please note that under the <a href="https://www.w3.org/community/about/agreements/cla/">W3C Community Contributor License Agreement (CLA)</a> there is a limited opt-out and other conditions apply.
Learn more about <a href="http://www.w3.org/community/">W3C Community and Business Groups</a>. </p>
<p></p>
</div>
<div data-fill-with="at-risk"></div>
<nav data-fill-with="table-of-contents" id="toc">
<h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref" id="contents">Table of Contents</h2>
<ol class="toc" role="directory">
<li>
<a href="#introduction"><span class="secno">1</span> <span class="content">Introduction</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#recommended-readings"><span class="secno">1.1</span> <span class="content">Recommended readings</span></a>
</ol>
<li>
<a href="#dip-html"><span class="secno">2</span> <span class="content">Integration with HMTL</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li>
<a href="#dip-supporting-concepts"><span class="secno">2.1</span> <span class="content">Supporting concepts when loading web pages</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li>
<a href="#dip"><span class="secno">2.1.1</span> <span class="content">Cross-origin-opener-policies</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#dip-bcg-switch"><span class="secno">2.1.1.1</span> <span class="content">Browsing context group switches due to cross-origin opener policy</span></a>
</ol>
<li>
<a href="#dip-dip"><span class="secno">2.1.2</span> <span class="content">Document Isolation Policies</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#dip-headers"><span class="secno">2.1.2.1</span> <span class="content">The headers</span></a>
</ol>
<li><a href="#dip-policy-containers"><span class="secno">2.1.3</span> <span class="content">Policy containers</span></a>
</ol>
<li>
<a href="#dip-browsing-contexts"><span class="secno">2.2</span> <span class="content">Browsing contexts</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#dip-bc"><span class="secno">2.2.1</span> <span class="content">Browsing contexts</span></a>
<li><a href="#dip-grouping-of-browsing-contexts"><span class="secno">2.2.2</span> <span class="content">Grouping of browsing contexts</span></a>
</ol>
<li>
<a href="#dip-document-lifecycle"><span class="secno">2.3</span> <span class="content">Document lifecycle</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#dip-document-creation"><span class="secno">2.3.1</span> <span class="content">Shared document creation infrastructure</span></a>
</ol>
<li><a href="#dip-agent-clusters"><span class="secno">2.4</span> <span class="content">Agents and agent clusters</span></a>
</ol>
<li>
<a href="#dip-fetch"><span class="secno">3</span> <span class="content">Integration with Fetch</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#dip-requests"><span class="secno">3.1</span> <span class="content">Requests</span></a>
<li><a href="#dip-corp"><span class="secno">3.2</span> <span class="content">'Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy' header</span></a>
<li><a href="#dip-http-fetch"><span class="secno">3.3</span> <span class="content">HTTP-network-or-cache fetch</span></a>
</ol>
<li><a href="#dip-security"><span class="secno">4</span> <span class="content">Security considerations</span></a>
<li><a href="#dip-privacy"><span class="secno">5</span> <span class="content">Privacy considerations</span></a>
<li>
<a href="#index"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Index</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#index-defined-here"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Terms defined by this specification</span></a>
<li><a href="#index-defined-elsewhere"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Terms defined by reference</span></a>
</ol>
<li>
<a href="#references"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">References</span></a>
<ol class="toc">
<li><a href="#normative"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Normative References</span></a>
<li><a href="#informative"><span class="secno"></span> <span class="content">Informative References</span></a>
</ol>
</ol>
</nav>
<main>
<h2 class="heading settled" data-level="1" id="introduction"><span class="secno">1. </span><span class="content">Introduction</span><a class="self-link" href="#introduction"></a></h2>
<p><em>This section is not normative.</em></p>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="1.1" id="recommended-readings"><span class="secno">1.1. </span><span class="content">Recommended readings</span><a class="self-link" href="#recommended-readings"></a></h3>
<ul>
<li data-md>
<p>The <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-explainer" title="Document-Isolation-Policy explainer">[explainer]</a> for Document-Isolation-Policy.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>The <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-spectre" title="Spectre Attacks: Exploiting Speculative Execution">[Spectre]</a> vulnerability.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#cross-origin-opener-policies" id="ref-for-cross-origin-opener-policies">Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy</a> (<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#cross-origin-opener-policies" id="ref-for-cross-origin-opener-policies①">COOP</a>) section of the HTML spec.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#coep" id="ref-for-coep">Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy</a> (<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#coep" id="ref-for-coep①">COEP</a>) section of the HTML spec.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>How and why <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#cross-origin-opener-policies" id="ref-for-cross-origin-opener-policies②">Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy</a> (<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#cross-origin-opener-policies" id="ref-for-cross-origin-opener-policies③">COOP</a>) and <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#coep" id="ref-for-coep②">Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy</a> (<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#coep" id="ref-for-coep③">COEP</a>) are granting the <a href="concept-settings-object-cross-origin-isolated-capability">crossOriginIsolated</a> capability. See <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-whycoopcoep" title="Why you need "cross-origin isolated" for powerful features">[WhyCoopCoep]</a>.</p>
</ul>
<h2 class="heading settled" data-level="2" id="dip-html"><span class="secno">2. </span><span class="content">Integration with HMTL</span><a class="self-link" href="#dip-html"></a></h2>
<p>This section defines a monkey-patch over <a data-link-type="biblio" href="#biblio-html" title="HTML Standard">[HTML]</a>.</p>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="2.1" id="dip-supporting-concepts"><span class="secno">2.1. </span><span class="content">Supporting concepts when loading web pages</span><a class="self-link" href="#dip-supporting-concepts"></a></h3>
<h4 class="heading settled" data-level="2.1.1" id="dip"><span class="secno">2.1.1. </span><span class="content">Cross-origin-opener-policies</span><a class="self-link" href="#dip"></a></h4>
<p>Modify the definition of "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#coop-same-origin-plus-coep" id="ref-for-coop-same-origin-plus-coep">same-origin-plus-coep</a>":</p>
<div class="monkey-patch">
<p>This behaves the same as "same-origin", with the addition that it sets the
(new) <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#top-level-browsing-context" id="ref-for-top-level-browsing-context">top-level browsing context</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#browsing-context-group" id="ref-for-browsing-context-group">group</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#bcg-coi-key" id="ref-for-bcg-coi-key">agent cluster cross-origin isolation key</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#bcg-cross-origin-isolation" id="ref-for-bcg-cross-origin-isolation">cross-origin
isolation mode</a> to one of "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#cross-origin-isolation-logical" id="ref-for-cross-origin-isolation-logical">logical</a>" or "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#cross-origin-isolation-concrete" id="ref-for-cross-origin-isolation-concrete">concrete</a>".</p>
</div>
<h5 class="heading settled" data-level="2.1.1.1" id="dip-bcg-switch"><span class="secno">2.1.1.1. </span><span class="content">Browsing context group switches due to cross-origin opener policy</span><a class="self-link" href="#dip-bcg-switch"></a></h5>
<p>Modify step 4 of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#obtain-browsing-context-navigation" id="ref-for-obtain-browsing-context-navigation">obtain a browsing context to use for a navigation response</a> algorithm:</p>
<div class="monkey-patch">
<ol start="4">
<li data-md>
<p>If <em>navigationCOOP</em>'s value is "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#coop-same-origin-plus-coep" id="ref-for-coop-same-origin-plus-coep①">same-origin-plus-COEP</a>", then:</p>
<ol>
<li data-md>
<p>Let <em>crossOriginIsolationMode</em> be either "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#cross-origin-isolation-logical" id="ref-for-cross-origin-isolation-logical①">logical</a>" or "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#cross-origin-isolation-concrete" id="ref-for-cross-origin-isolation-concrete①">concrete</a>".
The choice of which is implementation-defined.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>Set <em>newBrowsingContext</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#browsing-context-group" id="ref-for-browsing-context-group①">group</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#bcg-coi-key" id="ref-for-bcg-coi-key①">agent cluster cross-origin isolation key</a> to
{<em>coopEnforcementResult</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin">origin</a>, <em>crossOriginIsolationMode</em>}.</p>
</ol>
</ol>
</div>
<h4 class="heading settled" data-level="2.1.2" id="dip-dip"><span class="secno">2.1.2. </span><span class="content">Document Isolation Policies</span><a class="self-link" href="#dip-dip"></a></h4>
<p>Add a new subsection to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#loading-web-pages-supporting-concepts" id="ref-for-loading-web-pages-supporting-concepts">loading web pages supporting concepts</a> section
of the HTML spec.</p>
<div class="monkey-patch">
<p>A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="dip-value" data-noexport id="dip-value">document isolation policy value</dfn> is one of three
strings that controls <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/multipage/executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-agent-clusters" id="ref-for-sec-agent-clusters">agent cluster</a> allocation and the fetching of
cross-origin resources without explicit permission from resource owners.</p>
<ul>
<li data-md>
<p>"<dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="dip-none" data-noexport id="dip-none">none</dfn>":
This is the default value. When this value is used, cross-origin resources
can be fetched without giving explicit permission through the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol">CORS
protocol</a> or the '<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#http-cross-origin-resource-policy" id="ref-for-http-cross-origin-resource-policy">Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</a>' header. The document is
assigned to a non cross-origin isolated <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/multipage/executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-agent-clusters" id="ref-for-sec-agent-clusters①">agent cluster</a>.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>"<dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="dip-isolate-and-require-corp" data-noexport id="dip-isolate-and-require-corp">isolate-and-require-corp</dfn>":
When this value is used, fetching cross-origin resources requires the
server’s explicit permission through the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol①">CORS protocol</a> or the
'<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#http-cross-origin-resource-policy" id="ref-for-http-cross-origin-resource-policy①">Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</a>' header. The document is also assigned to a
cross-origin isolated <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/multipage/executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-agent-clusters" id="ref-for-sec-agent-clusters②">agent cluster</a>.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>"<dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="dip-isolate-and-credentialless" data-noexport id="dip-isolate-and-credentialless">isolate-and-credentialless</dfn>":
When this value is used, fetching cross-origin no-CORS resources omits
credentials. In exchange, an explicit '<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#http-cross-origin-resource-policy" id="ref-for-http-cross-origin-resource-policy②">Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</a>'
header is not required. Other requests sent with credentials require the
server’s explicit permission through the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#cors-protocol" id="ref-for-cors-protocol②">CORS protocol</a> or the
'<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#http-cross-origin-resource-policy" id="ref-for-http-cross-origin-resource-policy③">Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy</a>' header. The document is also assigned to a
cross-origin isolated <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/multipage/executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-agent-clusters" id="ref-for-sec-agent-clusters③">agent cluster</a>.</p>
</ul>
<p>A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="dip-struct" data-noexport id="dip-struct">document isolation policy</dfn> consists of:</p>
<ul>
<li data-md>
<p>A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="dip-struct-value" data-noexport id="dip-struct-value">value</dfn>, which is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-value" id="ref-for-dip-value">document
isolation policy value</a>, initially "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-none" id="ref-for-dip-none">none</a>.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="dip-reporting-endpoint" data-noexport id="dip-reporting-endpoint">reporting endpoint</dfn>, initially the
empty string.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="dip-report-only-value" data-noexport id="dip-report-only-value">report-only value</dfn>, which is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-value" id="ref-for-dip-value①">document
isolation policy value</a>, initially "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-none" id="ref-for-dip-none①">none</a>.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="dip-report-only-endpoint" data-noexport id="dip-report-only-endpoint">report-only reporting endpoint</dfn>,
initially the empty string.</p>
</ul>
<p>To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="obtain-coi-key" data-noexport id="obtain-coi-key">obtain a cross-origin agent cluster isolation
key</dfn> given null or a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-struct" id="ref-for-dip-struct">document isolation policy</a> <em>documentIsolationPolicy</em> and an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin①">origin</a> <em>origin</em>:</p>
<ol>
<li data-md>
<p>If <em>documentIsolationPolicy</em> is null, return null.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>If <em>documentIsolationPolicy</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-struct-value" id="ref-for-dip-struct-value">value</a> is
"<a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-none" id="ref-for-dip-none②">none</a>", then return null.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>Let <em>crossOriginIsolationMode</em> be either "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#cross-origin-isolation-logical" id="ref-for-cross-origin-isolation-logical②">logical</a>" or "<a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#cross-origin-isolation-concrete" id="ref-for-cross-origin-isolation-concrete②">concrete</a>".
The choice of which is implementation-defined.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>Let <em>crossOriginIsolationKey</em> be a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#coi-agent-cluster-key" id="ref-for-coi-agent-cluster-key">agent cluster
cross-origin isolation key</a>.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>Set <em>crossOriginIsolationKey</em> to {<em>origin</em>, <em>crossOriginIsolationMode</em>}.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>Return <em>crossOriginIsolationKey</em>.</p>
</ol>
<h5 class="heading settled" data-level="2.1.2.1" id="dip-headers"><span class="secno">2.1.2.1. </span><span class="content">The headers</span><a class="self-link" href="#dip-headers"></a></h5>
<p>The '<dfn data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="dip-header" data-noexport id="dip-header">Document-Isolation-Policy<a class="self-link" href="#dip-header"></a></dfn>' and
'<dfn data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="dip-report-only-header" data-noexport id="dip-report-only-header">Document-Isolation-Policy-Report-Only<a class="self-link" href="#dip-report-only-header"></a></dfn>'
HTTP response headers allow a server to declare a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-struct" id="ref-for-dip-struct①">document isolation
policy</a> for a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-document" id="ref-for-concept-document">document</a>. These headers are <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc8941.html#specify" id="ref-for-specify">structured headers</a> whose values
must be <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc8941.html#token" id="ref-for-token">token</a>.</p>
<p>The valid <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc8941.html#token" id="ref-for-token①">token</a> values are the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-value" id="ref-for-dip-value②">document isolation policy
values</a>. The token may also have attached <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#parameters" id="ref-for-parameters">parameters</a>; of these, the
"report-to" parameter can have a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#valid-url-string" id="ref-for-valid-url-string">valid URL string</a> identifying an
appropriate reporting endpoint.</p>
<p>To <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="obtain-dip" data-noexport id="obtain-dip">obtain a document isolation policy</dfn> given a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-response" id="ref-for-concept-response">response</a> <em>response</em> and an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#environment" id="ref-for-environment">environment</a> <em>environment</em>:</p>
<ol>
<li data-md>
<p>Let <em>policy</em> be a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-struct" id="ref-for-dip-struct②">document isolation policy</a>.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>If <em>environment</em> is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#non-secure-context" id="ref-for-non-secure-context">non-secure context</a>, then return <em>policy</em>.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>Let <em>parsedItem</em> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-header-list-get-structured-header" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get-structured-header">getting a structured field value</a> with <code>Document-Isolation-Policy</code> and "item" from <em>response</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list">header list</a>.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>If <em>parsedItem</em> is non-null:</p>
<ol>
<li data-md>
<p>If <em>parsedItem</em>[0] is
"<a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-isolate-and-require-corp" id="ref-for-dip-isolate-and-require-corp">isolate-and-require-corp</a>" or
"<a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-isolate-and-credentialless" id="ref-for-dip-isolate-and-credentialless">isolate-and-credentialless</a>", set <em>policy</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-struct-value" id="ref-for-dip-struct-value①">value</a> to <em>parsedItem</em>[0].</p>
<li data-md>
<p>If <em>parsedItem</em>[1]["report-to"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists">exists</a>, then set <em>policy</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-reporting-endpoint" id="ref-for-dip-reporting-endpoint">reporting endpoint</a> to <em>parsedItem</em>[1]["report-to"].</p>
</ol>
<li data-md>
<p>Set <em>parsedItem</em> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-header-list-get-structured-header" id="ref-for-concept-header-list-get-structured-header①">getting a structured field value</a> with <code>Document-Isolation-Policyi-Report-Only</code> and "item" from <em>response</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-response-header-list" id="ref-for-concept-response-header-list①">header list</a>.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>If <em>parsedItem</em> is non-null:</p>
<ol>
<li data-md>
<p>If <em>parsedItem</em>[0] is
"<a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-isolate-and-require-corp" id="ref-for-dip-isolate-and-require-corp①">isolate-and-require-corp</a>" or
"<a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-isolate-and-credentialless" id="ref-for-dip-isolate-and-credentialless①">isolate-and-credentialless</a>", set <em>policy</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-report-only-value" id="ref-for-dip-report-only-value">report-only value</a> to <em>parsedItem</em>[0].</p>
<li data-md>
<p>If <em>parsedItem</em>[1]["report-to"] <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/#map-exists" id="ref-for-map-exists①">exists</a>, then set <em>policy</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-report-only-endpoint" id="ref-for-dip-report-only-endpoint">report-only reporting endpoint</a> to <em>parsedItem</em>[1]["report-to"].</p>
</ol>
<li data-md>
<p>Return policy.</p>
</ol>
</div>
<h4 class="heading settled" data-level="2.1.3" id="dip-policy-containers"><span class="secno">2.1.3. </span><span class="content">Policy containers</span><a class="self-link" href="#dip-policy-containers"></a></h4>
<p>Add the following members to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#policy-container" id="ref-for-policy-container">policy container</a> struct:</p>
<div class="monkey-patch">
<ul>
<li data-md>
<p>A <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="policy-container-dip" data-noexport id="policy-container-dip">document isolation policy</dfn>, which is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-struct" id="ref-for-dip-struct③">document isolation policy</a>. It is initially a new <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-struct" id="ref-for-dip-struct④">document isolation policy</a>.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>An <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="policy-container-coi-key" data-noexport id="policy-container-coi-key">agent cluster cross-origin isolation
key</dfn>, which is null or an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#coi-agent-cluster-key" id="ref-for-coi-agent-cluster-key①">agent cluster
cross-origin isolation key</a>. It is initially null. This <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#coi-agent-cluster-key" id="ref-for-coi-agent-cluster-key②">agent cluster cross-origin isolation key</a> is based
on the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-struct" id="ref-for-dip-struct⑤">document isolation policy</a> of the document. It overrides the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#bcg-coi-key" id="ref-for-bcg-coi-key②">agent cluster cross-origin isolation key</a> stored in the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#browsing-context-group" id="ref-for-browsing-context-group②">browsing context group</a>.</p>
</ul>
</div>
<p>Add step 5 and 6 to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#clone-a-policy-container" id="ref-for-clone-a-policy-container">clone a policy container</a> algorithm:</p>
<div class="monkey-patch">
<ol start="5">
<li data-md>
<p>Set <em>clone</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#policy-container-dip" id="ref-for-policy-container-dip">document isolation policy</a> to a copy
of <em>policyContainer</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#policy-container-dip" id="ref-for-policy-container-dip①">document isolation policy</a>.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>Set <em>clone</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#policy-container-coi-key" id="ref-for-policy-container-coi-key">agent cluster cross-origin
isolation key</a> to a copy of <em>policyContainer</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#policy-container-coi-key" id="ref-for-policy-container-coi-key①">agent cluster cross-origin isolation key</a>.</p>
</ol>
</div>
<p>Add step 6 and 7 to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/browsers.html#creating-a-policy-container-from-a-fetch-response" id="ref-for-creating-a-policy-container-from-a-fetch-response">create a policy container from a fetch response </a>:</p>
<div class="monkey-patch">
<ol start="6">
<li data-md>
<p>If <em>environment</em> is non-null, then set <em>result</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#policy-container-dip" id="ref-for-policy-container-dip②">document isolation policy</a> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#obtain-dip" id="ref-for-obtain-dip">obatining a document isolation policy</a> given <em>response</em> and <em>environment</em>.</p>
<li data-md>
<p>Set <em>result</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#policy-container-coi-key" id="ref-for-policy-container-coi-key②">agent cluster cross-origin
isolation key</a> to the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#obtain-coi-key" id="ref-for-obtain-coi-key">obtaining a cross-origin
isolation key</a> given <em>result</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#policy-container-dip" id="ref-for-policy-container-dip③">document isolation
policy</a> and <em>response</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-url" id="ref-for-concept-url">URL</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin②">origin</a>.</p>
</ol>
</div>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="2.2" id="dip-browsing-contexts"><span class="secno">2.2. </span><span class="content">Browsing contexts</span><a class="self-link" href="#dip-browsing-contexts"></a></h3>
<h4 class="heading settled" data-level="2.2.1" id="dip-bc"><span class="secno">2.2.1. </span><span class="content">Browsing contexts</span><a class="self-link" href="#dip-bc"></a></h4>
<div class="monkey-patch">
<p>Add a step 5 to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#creating-a-new-browsing-context" id="ref-for-creating-a-new-browsing-context">create a new browsing context and document</a> algorithm:</p>
<ol start="5">
<li data-md>
<p>Let <em>creatorAgentClusterCOIKey</em> be null.</p>
</ol>
</div>
<p>Add a step 5.4 to the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#creating-a-new-browsing-context" id="ref-for-creating-a-new-browsing-context①">create a new browsing context and document</a> algorithm:</p>
<div class="monkey-patch">
<p>5.4 Set <em>creatorAgentClusterCOIKey</em> to <em>creator</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#policy-container" id="ref-for-policy-container①">policy container</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#policy-container-coi-key" id="ref-for-policy-container-coi-key③">agent cluster cross-origin isolation key</a>.</p>
</div>
<p>Modify step 9 of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#creating-a-new-browsing-context" id="ref-for-creating-a-new-browsing-context②">create a new browsing context and document</a> algorithm:</p>
<div class="monkey-patch">
<ol start="9">
<li data-md>
<p>Let <em>agent</em> be the result of obtaining a similar-origin window agent given <em>origin</em>, <em>group</em>, false, and <em>creatorAgentClusterCOIKey</em>.</p>
</ol>
</div>
<h4 class="heading settled" data-level="2.2.2" id="dip-grouping-of-browsing-contexts"><span class="secno">2.2.2. </span><span class="content">Grouping of browsing contexts</span><a class="self-link" href="#dip-grouping-of-browsing-contexts"></a></h4>
<p>Remove the following line:</p>
<div class="monkey-patch">
<p>A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#browsing-context-group" id="ref-for-browsing-context-group③">browsing context group</a> has a cross-origin isolation mode, which is a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#bcg-cross-origin-isolation" id="ref-for-bcg-cross-origin-isolation①">cross-origin isolation mode</a>. It is initially "none".</p>
</div>
<p>Add the following line:</p>
<div class="monkey-patch">
<p>A <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#browsing-context-group" id="ref-for-browsing-context-group④">browsing context group</a> has an <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="dfn" data-lt="bcg-coi-key" data-noexport id="bcg-coi-key">agent cluster
cross-origin isolation key</dfn>, which is null or an <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#coi-agent-cluster-key" id="ref-for-coi-agent-cluster-key③">agent cluster cross-origin isolation key</a> . It is
initially null. It is set by <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#cross-origin-opener-policies" id="ref-for-cross-origin-opener-policies④">Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy</a>, and is the default <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#coi-agent-cluster-key" id="ref-for-coi-agent-cluster-key④">agent cluster cross-origin isolation key</a> for
documents inside the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#browsing-context-group" id="ref-for-browsing-context-group⑤">browsing context group</a>. However, it can be overriden by the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#policy-container-coi-key" id="ref-for-policy-container-coi-key④">policy container’s agent cluster cross-origin
isolation key</a> when a document has a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#dip-struct" id="ref-for-dip-struct⑥">document isolation policy</a>.</p>
</div>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="2.3" id="dip-document-lifecycle"><span class="secno">2.3. </span><span class="content">Document lifecycle</span><a class="self-link" href="#dip-document-lifecycle"></a></h3>
<h4 class="heading settled" data-level="2.3.1" id="dip-document-creation"><span class="secno">2.3.1. </span><span class="content">Shared document creation infrastructure</span><a class="self-link" href="#dip-document-creation"></a></h4>
<p>Modify step 8.4 of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#initialise-the-document-object" id="ref-for-initialise-the-document-object">create and initialize a Document object</a> algorithm:</p>
<div class="monkey-patch">
<p>Let <em>agent</em> be the result of <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#obtain-similar-origin-window-agent" id="ref-for-obtain-similar-origin-window-agent">obtaining a similar-origin window agent</a> given <em>navigationParams</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#concept-origin" id="ref-for-concept-origin③">origin</a>, <em>browsingContext</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#browsing-context-group" id="ref-for-browsing-context-group⑥">group</a>, <em>requestsOAC</em>, and <em>navigationParams</em>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/C/#policy-container" id="ref-for-policy-container②">policy container</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#policy-container-coi-key" id="ref-for-policy-container-coi-key⑤">agent cluster cross-origin isolation key</a>.</p>
</div>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="2.4" id="dip-agent-clusters"><span class="secno">2.4. </span><span class="content">Agents and agent clusters</span><a class="self-link" href="#dip-agent-clusters"></a></h3>