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<title>风依旧的博客 - 风依旧</title>
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<p>ruby开发者<br>iOS爱好者</p>
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<h1>风依旧</h1>
<h2>取次花丛懒回顾，半缘修道半缘君</h2>
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<span class="entry-date date published updated">
<time datetime="2014-11-05T14:23:45+08:00">
<a href="/blog/2014/11/05/ssl-with-nginx/">2014-11-05</a>
</time>
</span>
<span class="author vcard">
<span class="fn">
<a href="" title="About WindStill">WindStill</a>
</span>
</span>
</div><!-- /.entry-meta -->
<h1 class="entry-title">
<a href="/blog/2014/11/05/ssl-with-nginx/" rel="bookmark" title="SSL证书申请与在Nginx下的配置" itemprop="url">SSL证书申请与在Nginx下的配置</a>
</h1>
</header>
<div class="entry-content">
<p>http协议默认情况下是不加密的，各种信息都是明文传送。SSL是Secure Socket Layer的简称，具体的作用就是在部署了SSL证书的网站跟用户浏览器之间建立一个安全的会话。以防止信息在互联网任何中间节点上被盗用。</p>
<h4>购买SSL</h4>
<p>如果购买就不赘述了，我是从 <a href="https://www.ssls.com/">SSLs.com</a>购买的<strong>Positive SSL</strong>，$4.99/年。可以比较下其他提供商，按需购买。</p>
<h4>申请证书</h4>
<p>一般购买SSL后，激活的时候会要求提供一下 CSR 的内容。CSR 就是 Certificate Signing Request 简称，需要去部署的服务器上生成一个。步骤如下：</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
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<span class='line-number'>19</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>sudo mkdir /etc/nginx/ssl
</span><span class='line'>cd /etc/nginx/ssl
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>#生成private key
</span><span class='line'>sudo openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 2048
</span><span class='line'>这里问你输入一个passphrase，选择一个容易记得，后面会用到
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>#生成 CSR
</span><span class='line'>sudo openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:
</span><span class='line'>State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:
</span><span class='line'>Locality Name (eg, city) []:
</span><span class='line'>Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:
</span><span class='line'>Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
</span><span class='line'>Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:
</span><span class='line'>Email Address []:
</span><span class='line'>A challenge password []:
</span><span class='line'>An optional company name []:</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>输入内容说明：</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left;"> 输入内容</th>
<th style="text-align:left;"> 说明 </th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left;">Country Name (2 letter code) </td>
<td style="text-align:left;"> 使用国际标准组织(ISO)国码格式，填写2个字母的国家代号。中国请填写CN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left;">State or Province Name (full name)</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"> 省份，如 Beijing</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left;">Locality Name (eg, city)</td>
<td style="text-align:left;"> 城市，如 Beijing</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left;">Organization Name (eg, company)</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">公司名称</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left;">Organizational Unit Name</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">部门名称</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left;">Common Name (eg, your websites domain name)</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">网站域名，注意区分abc.com和www.abc.com是不同的</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left;">Email Address</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">邮件地址，可不填</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left;">A challenge password</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">可不填</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left;">An optional company name</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">可不填</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<footer>
<a class="btn" rel="full-article" href="/blog/2014/11/05/ssl-with-nginx/">阅读全文 →</a>
</footer>
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<article class="hentry">
<header>
<div class="entry-meta">
<span class="entry-date date published updated">
<time datetime="2014-10-29T09:58:44+08:00">
<a href="/blog/2014/10/29/kindleear-rss-kindle/">2014-10-29</a>
</time>
</span>
<span class="author vcard">
<span class="fn">
<a href="" title="About WindStill">WindStill</a>
</span>
</span>
</div><!-- /.entry-meta -->
<h1 class="entry-title">
<a href="/blog/2014/10/29/kindleear-rss-kindle/" rel="bookmark" title="使用KindleEar免费把RSS订阅定时推送到Kindle" itemprop="url">使用KindleEar免费把RSS订阅定时推送到Kindle</a>
</h1>
</header>
<div class="entry-content">
<p>Kindle是亚马逊推出的电纸书阅读器，采用电子墨水屏幕，其优点是非常省电且显示效果非常接近纸，可以在太阳底下阅读。前段时间入手Kindle PaperWhite后，就一直琢磨着如何把原来用Rss订阅的内容推送到kindle上来看。</p>
<h3>可选择的方式</h3>
<p>目前通过搜集的可行的方式大概有三种</p>
<h4>Rss推送网站</h4>
<p>现在有不少把RSS订阅推送到Kindle的服务，比较流行的有以下三个：</p>
<p>1.ReadCola</p>
<p><a href="http://readcola.com/">ReadCola</a>可以生成期刊格式，便于翻阅，媲美纸质杂志；针对阅读器对图片优化，内容重新排版，提升阅读体验。支持定时推送，相比其它推送站最大的特色就是可以推送自定义的Rss并且带有图片，缺点是只支持16个订阅。</p>
<p>2.狗耳朵</p>
<p><a href="http://www.mydogear.com/">狗耳朵</a>内置资源非常多，包括RSS和微信公众号，支持定时推送。缺点是免费用户无法推送图片，不能添加自定义Rss，付费用户是可以的，不过费用也不算贵，现在是3元每月或30元每年。</p>
<p>3.Kindle4Rss</p>
<p><a href="http://kindle4rss.com/">Kindle4Rss</a>也分免费和付费用户，二则的区别如下:
<img class="center" src="http://windstill.qiniudn.com/QQ20141029-1.png"></p>
<footer>
<a class="btn" rel="full-article" href="/blog/2014/10/29/kindleear-rss-kindle/">阅读全文 →</a>
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<header>
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<span class="entry-date date published updated">
<time datetime="2014-10-21T12:05:15+08:00">
<a href="/blog/2014/10/21/using-hash-and-array-of-hstore-with-rails/">2014-10-21</a>
</time>
</span>
<span class="author vcard">
<span class="fn">
<a href="" title="About WindStill">WindStill</a>
</span>
</span>
</div><!-- /.entry-meta -->
<h1 class="entry-title">
<a href="/blog/2014/10/21/using-hash-and-array-of-hstore-with-rails/" rel="bookmark" title="在Rails中使用hstore和Array类型" itemprop="url">在Rails中使用hstore和Array类型</a>
</h1>
</header>
<div class="entry-content">
<p>最近项目技术选型从 MySQL+MongoDB 转到 PostgreSQL，但是 MongoDB 支持存储 Array 和 JSON 数据类型在某些场景下还是很方便的。比如手机通讯录里的联系人，一个联系人有多个号码、多个地址，如果使用传统的数据类型，可能要三个表来存储这些信息；另一个问题在于，一般编辑联系人的时候，会同时增删改N个号码 + N条地址，这是再去操作三个表逻辑上也会复杂不少。但是如果把多个号码和多个地址以 JSON 的 array 及 key-value 形式存储在同一个字段中，这样曾删改的时候会方便很多。索性PostgreSQL，也有相应的字段类型来支持此场景，比如 hstore。</p>
<p>Rails 4.1 中的一个新特性就是对 PostgreSQL 的hstore类型的支持。而 Rails 之前的版本需要安装 <a href="https://github.com/diogob/activerecord-postgres-hstore"><code>activerecord-postgres-hstore</code></a> gem。下面说说 Rails 中使用 hstore 的方法。</p>
<h3>增加 hstore extenstion</h3>
<p>首先创建一个migration，启用 hstore extension。</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='ruby'><span class='line'><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">AddHstoreExtension</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="ss">ActiveRecord</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="ss">:Migration</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nc">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nf">up</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">execute</span> <span class="s2">"CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS hstore"</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nc">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nf">down</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">execute</span> <span class="s2">"DROP EXTENSION IF EXISTS hstore"</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">end</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>还有一种更简便的写法，不需要用 execute 执行原生的 SQL 语句。</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
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<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='ruby'><span class='line'><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">AddHstoreExtension</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="ss">ActiveRecord</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="ss">:Migration</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nc">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nf">up</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">enable_extension</span> <span class="ss">:hstore</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nc">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nf">down</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="n">disable_extension</span> <span class="ss">:hstore</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">end</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">end</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
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<article class="hentry">
<header>
<div class="entry-meta">
<span class="entry-date date published updated">
<time datetime="2014-10-15T15:24:58+08:00">
<a href="/blog/2014/10/15/rails-with-postgis/">2014-10-15</a>
</time>
</span>
<span class="author vcard">
<span class="fn">
<a href="" title="About WindStill">WindStill</a>
</span>
</span>
</div><!-- /.entry-meta -->
<h1 class="entry-title">
<a href="/blog/2014/10/15/rails-with-postgis/" rel="bookmark" title="使用Rails和Postgis开发基于地理位置应用的安装与配置" itemprop="url">使用Rails和Postgis开发基于地理位置应用的安装与配置</a>
</h1>
</header>
<div class="entry-content">
<p><a href="http://postgis.refractions.net/"><code>PostGIS</code></a> 是关系型数据库 <a href="http://www.postgresql.org/"><code>PostgreSQL</code></a> 一个扩展，它为PostgreSQL提供了存储空间地理数据的支持，使PostgreSQL成为了一个空间数据库，能够进行空间数据管理、数量测量与几何拓扑分析。现在已经有好多为 Rails 提供地理空间数据操作的 gem。所以处理地理空间数据还是比较简单的，但是开发环境配置还有不少工作要做。</p>
<h3>环境依赖</h3>
<p>本文以 Mac OS X系统为例，需要安装以下内容：</p>
<ul>
<li> XCode</li>
<li> Homebrew</li>
<li> Postgresql</li>
<li> Postgis</li>
<li> Ruby</li>
<li> Rails</li>
</ul>
<p>下面单说 Postgresql 及 Postgis 安装</p>
<h4>安装 Postgresql 和 Postgis</h4>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>brew install postgresql
</span><span class='line'>brew install postgis</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h4>检查系统是否正确安装 postgis</h4>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>~$ psql -U username
</span><span class='line'>=# select pg_available_extensions where name like ‘postgis%’;</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>Mac 用户还可以直接下载 <a href="http://postgresapp.com/"><code>Postgres.app</code></a>，拖入applications文件夹。Postgres.app 包含 PostgreSQL 常用的扩展和工具：</p>
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<header>
<div class="entry-meta">
<span class="entry-date date published updated">
<time datetime="2014-07-16T10:50:42+08:00">
<a href="/blog/2014/07/16/imagemagick-rmagick-osx/">2014-07-16</a>
</time>
</span>
<span class="author vcard">
<span class="fn">
<a href="" title="About WindStill">WindStill</a>
</span>
</span>
</div><!-- /.entry-meta -->
<h1 class="entry-title">
<a href="/blog/2014/07/16/imagemagick-rmagick-osx/" rel="bookmark" title="解决ImageMagick和RMagick在OS X下使用出现的问题" itemprop="url">解决ImageMagick和RMagick在OS X下使用出现的问题</a>
</h1>
</header>
<div class="entry-content">
<p>每次安装 <code>RMagick</code> 这个gem都会遇到问题，并且每次的问题还都不一样，有的时候是 <code>ImageMagick</code> 的问题，有时候是 <code>RMagick</code> 不能安装，这次是安装了以后，启动Rails的时候，报错说是 <code>libMagickCore-6.Q16.2.dylib</code> 版本不对。错误详情如下：</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
<span class='line-number'>13</span>
<span class='line-number'>14</span>
<span class='line-number'>15</span>
<span class='line-number'>16</span>
<span class='line-number'>17</span>
<span class='line-number'>18</span>
<span class='line-number'>19</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>/Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require': dlopen(/Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/extensions/x86_64-darwin-13/1.9.1/rmagick-2.13.2/RMagick2.bundle, 9): Library not loaded: /usr/local/lib/libltdl.7.dylib (LoadError)
</span><span class='line'> Referenced from: /usr/local/lib/libMagickCore-6.Q16.2.dylib
</span><span class='line'> Reason: Incompatible library version: libMagickCore-6.Q16.2.dylib requires version 11.0.0 or later, but libltdl.7.dylib provides version 10.0.0 - /Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/extensions/x86_64-darwin-13/1.9.1/rmagick-2.13.2/RMagick2.bundle
</span><span class='line'> from /Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `block in require'
</span><span class='line'> from /Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:236:in `load_dependency'
</span><span class='line'> from /Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require'
</span><span class='line'> from /Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/rmagick-2.13.2/lib/rmagick.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
</span><span class='line'> from /Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/bundler-1.6.3/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:76:in `require'
</span><span class='line'> from /Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/bundler-1.6.3/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:76:in `block (2 levels) in require'
</span><span class='line'> from /Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/bundler-1.6.3/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `each'
</span><span class='line'> from /Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/bundler-1.6.3/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `block in require'
</span><span class='line'> from /Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/bundler-1.6.3/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:61:in `each'
</span><span class='line'> from /Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/bundler-1.6.3/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:61:in `require'
</span><span class='line'> from /Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/bundler-1.6.3/lib/bundler.rb:132:in `require'
</span><span class='line'> from /Users/windstill/dev/rails/movie/config/application.rb:13:in `<top (required)>'
</span><span class='line'> from /Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/commands.rb:39:in `require'
</span><span class='line'> from /Users/windstill/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/commands.rb:39:in `<top (required)>'
</span><span class='line'> from script/rails:6:in `require'
</span><span class='line'> from script/rails:6:in `<main>'</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>使用 <code>brew unlink libtool && brew link libtool</code> 命令解决问题。可能会出现如下问题：</p>
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