[Docs][C++] Guide to to work with RLE data (in kernels?)

[asfimport]

Topics I can think of right now:

• introducing some utility functions for working with RLE data that I'm collecting currently as rle_util.h on my filter branch
• how physical/logical indices work, especially in combination with arrow offsets
• how common kinds of kernels can be converted to RLE. E.g scalar kernels with a single input could automatically be run on the internal data array of RLE. Scalar with multiple inputs and some kinds of vector algorithms should use VisitMergedRuns...

Reporter: Tobias Zagorni / @zagto

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-17029. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}