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⚕️ Analyzing Students' Mental Health 🧠

mental health pic

This report contains the solution of the SQL Project 'Analyzing Students' Mental Health' available on DataCamp. To access the complete project click on this link.

Introduction

Does going to university in a different country affect your mental health? A Japanese international university surveyed its students in 2018 and published a study the following year that was approved by several ethical and regulatory boards.

The study found that international students have a higher risk of mental health difficulties than the general population, and that social connectedness (belonging to a social group) and acculturative stress (stress associated with joining a new culture) are predictive of depression.

Explore the students data using PostgreSQL to find out if you would come to a similar conclusion for international students and see if the length of stay is a contributing factor.

Access has been granted to the students data which is as follows:

Field Name Description
inter_dom Types of students (international or domestic)
japanese_cate Japanese language proficiency
english_cate English language proficiency
academic Current academic level (undergraduate or graduate)
age Current age of student
stay Current length of stay in years
todep Total score of depression (PHQ-9 test)
tosc Total score of social connectedness (SCS test)
toas Total score of acculturative stress (ASISS test)

The full table is provided in this csv file

First, we will take a look at the data in hand by selecting all the columns. Limiting the data to 5 rows to keep the output clean.

SELECT *
FROM students
LIMIT 10

Output: The dataset includes more columns other than the ones defined above. The results of this query can be viewed here.

Project Instructions:

  • Return a table with nine rows and five columns.
  • The five columns should be aliased as: stay, count_int, average_phq, average_scs, and average_as, in that order.
  • The average columns should contain the average of the todep (PHQ-9 test), tosc (SCS test), and toas (ASISS test) columns for each length of stay, rounded to two decimal places. The count_int column should be the number of international students for each length of stay.
  • Sort the results by the length of stay in descending order.

Query:

SELECT stay, 
       COUNT(*) AS count_int,
       ROUND(AVG(todep), 2) AS average_phq, 
       ROUND(AVG(tosc), 2) AS average_scs, 
       ROUND(AVG(toas), 2) AS average_as
FROM students
WHERE inter_dom = 'Inter'
GROUP BY stay
ORDER BY stay DESC;

Output:

stay count_int average_phq average_scs average_as
10 1 13 32 50
8 1 10 44 65
7 1 4 48 45
6 3 6 38 58.67
5 1 0 34 91
4 14 8.57 33.93 87.71
3 46 9.09 37.13 78
2 39 8.28 37.08 77.67
1 95 7.48 38.11 72.8

Conclusion

The data highlights a complex relationship between the length of stay and psychological well-being:

  • Depression: Longer stays are strongly correlated with higher depression scores, which might indicate worsening mental health or accumulating stress over time.
  • Social Connectedness: Mid-length stays seem to foster better social connectedness, possibly due to better adjustment or more opportunities for social interaction.
  • Acculturative Stress: There is a notable peak in stress related to cultural adaptation during mid-length stays, which might decrease as individuals become more accustomed to their new environment.