diff --git a/src/Psl/Channel/Internal/ChannelState.php b/src/Psl/Channel/Internal/ChannelState.php
index afca5d01..388ae398 100644
--- a/src/Psl/Channel/Internal/ChannelState.php
+++ b/src/Psl/Channel/Internal/ChannelState.php
@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@
 
 use Psl\Channel\ChannelInterface;
 use Psl\Channel\Exception;
-use Psl\DataStructure\Queue;
-use Psl\DataStructure\QueueInterface;
+
+use function array_shift;
+use function count;
 
 /**
  * @template T
@@ -19,16 +20,15 @@
 final class ChannelState implements ChannelInterface
 {
     /**
-     * @var QueueInterface<T>
+     * @var array<array-key, T>
      */
-    private QueueInterface $messages;
+    private array $messages = [];
 
     private bool $closed = false;
 
     public function __construct(
         private ?int $capacity = null,
     ) {
-        $this->messages = new Queue();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public function isClosed(): bool
      */
     public function count(): int
     {
-        return $this->messages->count();
+        return count($this->messages);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -68,11 +68,7 @@ public function count(): int
      */
     public function isFull(): bool
     {
-        if (null === $this->capacity) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        return $this->capacity === $this->count();
+        return $this->capacity && $this->capacity === $this->count();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -80,7 +76,7 @@ public function isFull(): bool
      */
     public function isEmpty(): bool
     {
-        return 0 === $this->messages->count();
+        return 0 === count($this->messages);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -95,8 +91,8 @@ public function send(mixed $message): void
             throw Exception\ClosedChannelException::forSending();
         }
 
-        if (null === $this->capacity || $this->capacity > $this->count()) {
-            $this->messages->enqueue($message);
+        if (null === $this->capacity || $this->capacity > count($this->messages)) {
+            $this->messages[] = $message;
 
             return;
         }
@@ -112,17 +108,14 @@ public function send(mixed $message): void
      */
     public function receive(): mixed
     {
-        $empty = 0 === $this->count();
-        $closed = $this->closed;
-        if ($closed && $empty) {
-            throw Exception\ClosedChannelException::forReceiving();
-        }
+        if ([] === $this->messages) {
+            if ($this->closed) {
+                throw Exception\ClosedChannelException::forReceiving();
+            }
 
-        if ($empty) {
             throw Exception\EmptyChannelException::create();
         }
 
-        /** @psalm-suppress MissingThrowsDocblock */
-        return $this->messages->dequeue();
+        return array_shift($this->messages);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Psl/Channel/Internal/Receiver.php b/src/Psl/Channel/Internal/Receiver.php
index c464a642..8e9ce901 100644
--- a/src/Psl/Channel/Internal/Receiver.php
+++ b/src/Psl/Channel/Internal/Receiver.php
@@ -34,29 +34,27 @@ public function __construct(
     public function receive(): mixed
     {
         // there's a pending operation? wait for it.
-        $this->deferred?->getAwaitable()->then(static fn() => null, static fn() => null)->ignore()->await();
+        $this->deferred?->getAwaitable()->then(static fn() => null, static fn() => null)->await();
 
         if ($this->state->isEmpty()) {
             $this->deferred = new Async\Deferred();
 
             $identifier = Async\Scheduler::repeat(0.000000001, function (): void {
-                if ($this->state->isClosed()) {
-                    /**
-                     * Channel has been closed from the receiving side.
-                     *
-                     * @psalm-suppress PossiblyNullReference
-                     */
-                    if (!$this->deferred->isComplete()) {
-                        /** @psalm-suppress PossiblyNullReference */
-                        $this->deferred->error(Exception\ClosedChannelException::forReceiving());
-                    }
+                if (!$this->state->isEmpty()) {
+                    /** @psalm-suppress PossiblyNullReference */
+                    $this->deferred->complete(null);
 
                     return;
                 }
 
-                if (!$this->state->isEmpty()) {
+                /**
+                 * Channel has been closed from the sender side.
+                 *
+                 * @psalm-suppress PossiblyNullReference
+                 */
+                if ($this->state->isClosed() && !$this->deferred->isComplete()) {
                     /** @psalm-suppress PossiblyNullReference */
-                    $this->deferred->complete(null);
+                    $this->deferred->error(Exception\ClosedChannelException::forReceiving());
                 }
             });
 
@@ -94,7 +92,9 @@ public function getCapacity(): ?int
      */
     public function close(): void
     {
-        $this->deferred?->error(Exception\ClosedChannelException::forReceiving());
+        if ($this->state->isEmpty()) {
+            $this->deferred?->error(Exception\ClosedChannelException::forReceiving());
+        }
 
         $this->state->close();
     }
diff --git a/src/Psl/Channel/Internal/Sender.php b/src/Psl/Channel/Internal/Sender.php
index 31c62d1b..a9a956c3 100644
--- a/src/Psl/Channel/Internal/Sender.php
+++ b/src/Psl/Channel/Internal/Sender.php
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public function __construct(
     public function send(mixed $message): void
     {
         // there's a pending operation? wait for it.
-        $this->deferred?->getAwaitable()->then(static fn() => null, static fn() => null)->ignore()->await();
+        $this->deferred?->getAwaitable()->then(static fn() => null, static fn() => null)->await();
 
         if ($this->state->isFull()) {
             $this->deferred = new Async\Deferred();
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ public function send(mixed $message): void
             $identifier = Async\Scheduler::repeat(0.000000001, function (): void {
                 if ($this->state->isClosed()) {
                     /**
-                     * Channel has been closed from the receiving side.
+                     * Channel has been closed from the receiver side.
                      *
                      * @psalm-suppress PossiblyNullReference
                      */
diff --git a/tests/benchmark/Channel/CommunicationBench.php b/tests/benchmark/Channel/CommunicationBench.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e686518d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/benchmark/Channel/CommunicationBench.php
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Channel;
+
+use PhpBench\Attributes\Groups;
+use Psl\Async;
+use Psl\Channel;
+use Psl\File;
+use Psl\IO;
+
+#[Groups(['channel'])]
+final class CommunicationBench
+{
+    public function benchBoundedCommunication(): void
+    {
+        [$receiver, $sender] = Channel\bounded(10);
+
+        Async\Scheduler::defer(static function () use ($receiver) {
+            try {
+                while (true) {
+                    $receiver->receive();
+                }
+            } catch (Channel\Exception\ClosedChannelException) {
+                return;
+            }
+        });
+
+        /** @psalm-suppress MissingThrowsDocblock */
+        $file = File\open_read_only(__FILE__);
+        $reader = new IO\Reader($file);
+        /** @psalm-suppress MissingThrowsDocblock */
+        while (!$reader->isEndOfFile()) {
+            $byte = $reader->readByte();
+
+            /** @psalm-suppress InvalidArgument */
+            $sender->send($byte);
+        }
+
+        $sender->close();
+
+        Async\Scheduler::run();
+    }
+
+    public function benchUnboundedCommunication(): void
+    {
+        [$receiver, $sender] = Channel\bounded(10);
+
+        Async\Scheduler::defer(static function () use ($receiver) {
+            try {
+                while (true) {
+                    $receiver->receive();
+                }
+            } catch (Channel\Exception\ClosedChannelException) {
+                return;
+            }
+        });
+
+        /** @psalm-suppress MissingThrowsDocblock */
+        $file = File\open_read_only(__FILE__);
+        $reader = new IO\Reader($file);
+        /** @psalm-suppress MissingThrowsDocblock */
+        while (!$reader->isEndOfFile()) {
+            $byte = $reader->readByte();
+
+            /** @psalm-suppress InvalidArgument */
+            $sender->send($byte);
+        }
+
+        $sender->close();
+
+        Async\Scheduler::run();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/benchmark/Type/ArrayKeyTypeBench.php b/tests/benchmark/Type/ArrayKeyTypeBench.php
index f5a917b3..5606b927 100644
--- a/tests/benchmark/Type/ArrayKeyTypeBench.php
+++ b/tests/benchmark/Type/ArrayKeyTypeBench.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 namespace Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Type;
 
+use PhpBench\Attributes\Groups;
 use Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Type\Asset\ExplicitStringableObject;
 use Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Type\Asset\ImplicitStringableObject;
 use Psl\Type;
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@
 /**
  * @extends GenericTypeBench<Type\TypeInterface<array-key>>
  */
+#[Groups(['type'])]
 final class ArrayKeyTypeBench extends GenericTypeBench
 {
     /**
diff --git a/tests/benchmark/Type/DictTypeBench.php b/tests/benchmark/Type/DictTypeBench.php
index 0c925ed7..6a81ce3d 100644
--- a/tests/benchmark/Type/DictTypeBench.php
+++ b/tests/benchmark/Type/DictTypeBench.php
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 namespace Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Type;
 
 use ArrayIterator;
+use PhpBench\Attributes\Groups;
 use Psl\Dict;
 use Psl\Type;
 use Psl\Vec;
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@
 /**
  * @extends GenericTypeBench<Type\TypeInterface<array>>
  */
+#[Groups(['type'])]
 final class DictTypeBench extends GenericTypeBench
 {
     /**
diff --git a/tests/benchmark/Type/IntTypeBench.php b/tests/benchmark/Type/IntTypeBench.php
index 2ca2a4d3..35e6d039 100644
--- a/tests/benchmark/Type/IntTypeBench.php
+++ b/tests/benchmark/Type/IntTypeBench.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 namespace Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Type;
 
+use PhpBench\Attributes\Groups;
 use Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Type\Asset\ExplicitStringableObject;
 use Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Type\Asset\ImplicitStringableObject;
 use Psl\Type;
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@
 /**
  * @extends GenericTypeBench<Type\TypeInterface<int>>
  */
+#[Groups(['type'])]
 final class IntTypeBench extends GenericTypeBench
 {
     /**
diff --git a/tests/benchmark/Type/NonEmptyStringTypeBench.php b/tests/benchmark/Type/NonEmptyStringTypeBench.php
index b38cda3f..bc079d50 100644
--- a/tests/benchmark/Type/NonEmptyStringTypeBench.php
+++ b/tests/benchmark/Type/NonEmptyStringTypeBench.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 namespace Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Type;
 
+use PhpBench\Attributes\Groups;
 use Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Type\Asset\ExplicitStringableObject;
 use Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Type\Asset\ImplicitStringableObject;
 use Psl\Type;
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@
 /**
  * @extends GenericTypeBench<Type\TypeInterface<non-empty-string>>
  */
+#[Groups(['type'])]
 final class NonEmptyStringTypeBench extends GenericTypeBench
 {
     /**
diff --git a/tests/benchmark/Type/ShapeTypeBench.php b/tests/benchmark/Type/ShapeTypeBench.php
index b5b496b4..e7fb3846 100644
--- a/tests/benchmark/Type/ShapeTypeBench.php
+++ b/tests/benchmark/Type/ShapeTypeBench.php
@@ -5,11 +5,13 @@
 namespace Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Type;
 
 use ArrayIterator;
+use PhpBench\Attributes\Groups;
 use Psl\Type;
 
 /**
  * @extends GenericTypeBench<Type\TypeInterface<array>>
  */
+#[Groups(['type'])]
 final class ShapeTypeBench extends GenericTypeBench
 {
     /**
diff --git a/tests/benchmark/Type/StringTypeBench.php b/tests/benchmark/Type/StringTypeBench.php
index 22d74f0a..6587848d 100644
--- a/tests/benchmark/Type/StringTypeBench.php
+++ b/tests/benchmark/Type/StringTypeBench.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 namespace Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Type;
 
+use PhpBench\Attributes\Groups;
 use Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Type\Asset\ExplicitStringableObject;
 use Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Type\Asset\ImplicitStringableObject;
 use Psl\Type;
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@
 /**
  * @extends GenericTypeBench<Type\TypeInterface<string>>
  */
+#[Groups(['type'])]
 final class StringTypeBench extends GenericTypeBench
 {
     /**
diff --git a/tests/benchmark/Type/VecTypeBench.php b/tests/benchmark/Type/VecTypeBench.php
index 3f899cf7..e33687af 100644
--- a/tests/benchmark/Type/VecTypeBench.php
+++ b/tests/benchmark/Type/VecTypeBench.php
@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@
 namespace Psl\Tests\Benchmark\Type;
 
 use ArrayIterator;
+use PhpBench\Attributes\Groups;
 use Psl\Type;
 use Psl\Vec;
 
 /**
  * @extends GenericTypeBench<Type\TypeInterface<list<mixed>>>
  */
+#[Groups(['type'])]
 final class VecTypeBench extends GenericTypeBench
 {
     /**
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ public function provideHappyPathMatches(): array
     }
 
     /**
-     * @return array<non-empty-string, array{type: \Psl\Type\TypeInterface<list<mixed>>, value: array}>
+     * @return array<non-empty-string, array{type: Type\TypeInterface<list<mixed>>, value: array}>
      *
      * @psalm-suppress MissingThrowsDocblock this block should never throw
      */