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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="ko-KR" xml:lang="ko-KR"><head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<title>챗GPT 확률통계 - 6 펭귄 모형</title>
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<nav class="quarto-page-breadcrumbs" aria-label="breadcrumb"><ol class="breadcrumb"><li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="./whole_game.html"><strong>제0부</strong> 전체적인 흐름</a></li><li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="./whole_game_model.html"><span class="chapter-number">6</span> <span class="chapter-title">펭귄 모형</span></a></li></ol></nav>
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<a href="./">챗GPT 확률통계</a>
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<span class="menu-text"><strong>제0부</strong> 전체적인 흐름</span></a>
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<span class="menu-text"><span class="chapter-number">1</span> <span class="chapter-title">통계학</span></span></a>
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<span class="menu-text"><span class="chapter-number">2</span> <span class="chapter-title">펭귄 데이터셋</span></span></a>
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<span class="menu-text"><span class="chapter-number">3</span> <span class="chapter-title">펭귄 EDA</span></span></a>
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<span class="menu-text"><span class="chapter-number">4</span> <span class="chapter-title">펭귄 추론</span></span></a>
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<span class="menu-text"><span class="chapter-number">5</span> <span class="chapter-title">펭귄 검정</span></span></a>
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<span class="menu-text"><span class="chapter-number">6</span> <span class="chapter-title">펭귄 모형</span></span></a>
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<span class="menu-text"><strong>제1부</strong> 데이터</span></a>
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<span class="menu-text"><span class="chapter-number">7</span> <span class="chapter-title">모집단과 표본</span></span></a>
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<span class="menu-text"><span class="chapter-number">8</span> <span class="chapter-title">표본 추출</span></span></a>
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<span class="menu-text"><span class="chapter-number">11</span> <span class="chapter-title">탐색적 데이터 분석</span></span></a>
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</div>
</header><p>펭귄의 체중을 종속 변수 <span class="math inline">\(Y\)</span>로 설정하고 회귀분석을 수행하는 것은 여러 생물학적 및 생태학적 질문에 대답할 수 있는 중요한 의미를 갖는다. 예를 들어, 펭귄의 체중과 다른 신체적 특성(부리 길이, 지느러미 길이 등)과의 관계를 이해하면, 펭귄의 건강 상태, 생존 능력, 번식 성공률 등을 추정할 수 있고, 성별이나 종에 따라 체중이 어떻게 다른지 분석함으로써, 특정 환경 조건에서의 생존 전략이나 성별에 따른 생리적, 생태학적 차이를 이해하는데 도움을 얻을 수 있다.</p>
<div class="cell">
<pre><code>#> df AIC
#> model1 7 4733.574
#> model2 8 4723.938
#> model3 9 4733.474
#> df BIC
#> model1 7 4760.231
#> model2 8 4754.403
#> model3 9 4767.748
#> [1] 0.8685356
#> [1] 0.8726606
#> [1] 0.8693452</code></pre>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div>
<figure class="figure"><p><a href="whole_game_model_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-1-1.png" class="lightbox" data-gallery="quarto-lightbox-gallery-1"><img src="whole_game_model_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-1-1.png" class="img-fluid figure-img" width="1800"></a></p>
</figure>
</div>
</div>
<pre><code>#> GVIF Df GVIF^(1/(2*Df))
#> 물갈퀴_길이 1.152179e+01 1 3.394377
#> 종명칭 8.374045e+05 2 30.250588
#> 부리_길이 6.067380e+00 1 2.463205
#> 성별 1.823059e+00 1 1.350207
#> 물갈퀴_길이:종명칭 9.219580e+05 2 30.986875
#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = 체중 ~ 물갈퀴_길이 * 종명칭 + 부리_길이 +
#> 성별, data = k_penguins)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -719.48 -182.47 -1.36 180.92 858.30
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) -139.352 766.865 -0.182 0.85592
#> 물갈퀴_길이 17.281 3.869 4.467 1.1e-05 ***
#> 종명칭턱끈 915.241 1209.368 0.757 0.44972
#> 종명칭젠투 -732.497 1158.906 -0.632 0.52779
#> 부리_길이 20.394 7.195 2.834 0.00488 **
#> 성별암컷 -462.715 43.073 -10.743 < 2e-16 ***
#> 물갈퀴_길이:종명칭턱끈 -6.084 6.242 -0.975 0.33047
#> 물갈퀴_길이:종명칭젠투 6.747 5.632 1.198 0.23177
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 291.1 on 325 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.8721, Adjusted R-squared: 0.8693
#> F-statistic: 316.6 on 7 and 325 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="cell">
<pre><code>#> # A tibble: 1 × 4
#> num_predictors AIC BIC adj_r_squared
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 6 4724. 4754. 0.873</code></pre>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div>
<figure class="figure"><p><a href="whole_game_model_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-2-1.png" class="lightbox" data-gallery="quarto-lightbox-gallery-2"><img src="whole_game_model_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-2-1.png" class="img-fluid figure-img" width="1800"></a></p>
</figure>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
<pre><code>#>
#> Call:
#> lm(formula = best_model_formula, data = k_penguins)
#>
#> Residuals:
#> Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
#> -779.20 -167.35 -3.16 179.37 914.27
#>
#> Coefficients:
#> Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
#> (Intercept) -1112.805 606.373 -1.835 0.067395 .
#> 물갈퀴_길이 16.239 2.939 5.524 6.80e-08 ***
#> 부리_길이 18.189 7.136 2.549 0.011270 *
#> 부리_깊이 67.575 19.821 3.409 0.000734 ***
#> 종명칭턱끈 -260.306 88.551 -2.940 0.003522 **
#> 종명칭젠투 987.761 137.238 7.197 4.30e-12 ***
#> 성별암컷 -387.224 48.138 -8.044 1.66e-14 ***
#> 섬이름드림 -13.103 58.541 -0.224 0.823032
#> 섬이름토르거센 -48.064 60.922 -0.789 0.430722
#> ---
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
#>
#> Residual standard error: 287.9 on 324 degrees of freedom
#> Multiple R-squared: 0.8752, Adjusted R-squared: 0.8721
#> F-statistic: 284.1 on 8 and 324 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="cell">
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div>
<figure class="figure"><p><a href="whole_game_model_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-1.png" class="lightbox" data-gallery="quarto-lightbox-gallery-3"><img src="whole_game_model_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-1.png" class="img-fluid figure-img" width="1800"></a></p>
</figure>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div>
<figure class="figure"><p><a href="whole_game_model_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-2.png" class="lightbox" data-gallery="quarto-lightbox-gallery-4"><img src="whole_game_model_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-2.png" class="img-fluid figure-img" width="1800"></a></p>
</figure>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div>
<figure class="figure"><p><a href="whole_game_model_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-3.png" class="lightbox" data-gallery="quarto-lightbox-gallery-5"><img src="whole_game_model_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-3.png" class="img-fluid figure-img" width="1800"></a></p>
</figure>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<div>
<figure class="figure"><p><a href="whole_game_model_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-4.png" class="lightbox" data-gallery="quarto-lightbox-gallery-6"><img src="whole_game_model_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-4.png" class="img-fluid figure-img" width="1800"></a></p>
</figure>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
<pre><code>#> 1
#> 4954.808</code></pre>
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if (window.Quarto?.typesetMath) {
window.Quarto.typesetMath(container);
}
return container.innerHTML
} else {
if (window.Quarto?.typesetMath) {
window.Quarto.typesetMath(note);
}
return note.innerHTML;
}
} else {
// Remove any anchor links if they are present
const anchorLink = note.querySelector('a.anchorjs-link');
if (anchorLink) {
anchorLink.remove();
}
if (window.Quarto?.typesetMath) {
window.Quarto.typesetMath(note);
}
// TODO in 1.5, we should make sure this works without a callout special case
if (note.classList.contains("callout")) {
return note.outerHTML;
} else {
return note.innerHTML;
}
}
}
for (var i=0; i<xrefs.length; i++) {
const xref = xrefs[i];
tippyHover(xref, undefined, function(instance) {
instance.disable();
let url = xref.getAttribute('href');
let hash = undefined;
if (url.startsWith('#')) {
hash = url;
} else {
try { hash = new URL(url).hash; } catch {}
}
if (hash) {
const id = hash.replace(/^#\/?/, "");
const note = window.document.getElementById(id);
if (note !== null) {
try {
const html = processXRef(id, note.cloneNode(true));
instance.setContent(html);
} finally {
instance.enable();
instance.show();
}
} else {
// See if we can fetch this
fetch(url.split('#')[0])
.then(res => res.text())
.then(html => {
const parser = new DOMParser();
const htmlDoc = parser.parseFromString(html, "text/html");
const note = htmlDoc.getElementById(id);
if (note !== null) {
const html = processXRef(id, note);
instance.setContent(html);
}
}).finally(() => {
instance.enable();
instance.show();
});
}
} else {
// See if we can fetch a full url (with no hash to target)
// This is a special case and we should probably do some content thinning / targeting
fetch(url)
.then(res => res.text())
.then(html => {
const parser = new DOMParser();
const htmlDoc = parser.parseFromString(html, "text/html");
const note = htmlDoc.querySelector('main.content');
if (note !== null) {
// This should only happen for chapter cross references
// (since there is no id in the URL)
// remove the first header
if (note.children.length > 0 && note.children[0].tagName === "HEADER") {
note.children[0].remove();
}
const html = processXRef(null, note);
instance.setContent(html);
}
}).finally(() => {
instance.enable();
instance.show();
});
}
}, function(instance) {
});
}
let selectedAnnoteEl;
const selectorForAnnotation = ( cell, annotation) => {
let cellAttr = 'data-code-cell="' + cell + '"';
let lineAttr = 'data-code-annotation="' + annotation + '"';
const selector = 'span[' + cellAttr + '][' + lineAttr + ']';
return selector;
}
const selectCodeLines = (annoteEl) => {
const doc = window.document;
const targetCell = annoteEl.getAttribute("data-target-cell");
const targetAnnotation = annoteEl.getAttribute("data-target-annotation");
const annoteSpan = window.document.querySelector(selectorForAnnotation(targetCell, targetAnnotation));
const lines = annoteSpan.getAttribute("data-code-lines").split(",");
const lineIds = lines.map((line) => {
return targetCell + "-" + line;
})
let top = null;
let height = null;
let parent = null;
if (lineIds.length > 0) {
//compute the position of the single el (top and bottom and make a div)
const el = window.document.getElementById(lineIds[0]);
top = el.offsetTop;
height = el.offsetHeight;
parent = el.parentElement.parentElement;
if (lineIds.length > 1) {
const lastEl = window.document.getElementById(lineIds[lineIds.length - 1]);
const bottom = lastEl.offsetTop + lastEl.offsetHeight;
height = bottom - top;
}
if (top !== null && height !== null && parent !== null) {
// cook up a div (if necessary) and position it
let div = window.document.getElementById("code-annotation-line-highlight");
if (div === null) {
div = window.document.createElement("div");
div.setAttribute("id", "code-annotation-line-highlight");
div.style.position = 'absolute';
parent.appendChild(div);
}
div.style.top = top - 2 + "px";
div.style.height = height + 4 + "px";
div.style.left = 0;
let gutterDiv = window.document.getElementById("code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter");
if (gutterDiv === null) {
gutterDiv = window.document.createElement("div");
gutterDiv.setAttribute("id", "code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter");
gutterDiv.style.position = 'absolute';
const codeCell = window.document.getElementById(targetCell);
const gutter = codeCell.querySelector('.code-annotation-gutter');
gutter.appendChild(gutterDiv);
}
gutterDiv.style.top = top - 2 + "px";
gutterDiv.style.height = height + 4 + "px";
}
selectedAnnoteEl = annoteEl;
}
};
const unselectCodeLines = () => {
const elementsIds = ["code-annotation-line-highlight", "code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter"];
elementsIds.forEach((elId) => {
const div = window.document.getElementById(elId);
if (div) {
div.remove();
}
});
selectedAnnoteEl = undefined;
};
// Handle positioning of the toggle
window.addEventListener(
"resize",
throttle(() => {
elRect = undefined;
if (selectedAnnoteEl) {
selectCodeLines(selectedAnnoteEl);
}
}, 10)
);
function throttle(fn, ms) {
let throttle = false;
let timer;
return (...args) => {
if(!throttle) { // first call gets through
fn.apply(this, args);
throttle = true;
} else { // all the others get throttled
if(timer) clearTimeout(timer); // cancel #2
timer = setTimeout(() => {
fn.apply(this, args);
timer = throttle = false;
}, ms);
}
};
}
const annoteTargets = window.document.querySelectorAll('.code-annotation-anchor');
for (let i=0; i<annoteTargets.length; i++) {
const annoteTarget = annoteTargets[i];
const targetCell = annoteTarget.getAttribute("data-target-cell");
const targetAnnotation = annoteTarget.getAttribute("data-target-annotation");
const contentFn = () => {
const content = window.document.querySelector(selectorForAnnotation(targetCell, targetAnnotation));
if (content) {
const tipContent = content.cloneNode(true);
tipContent.classList.add("code-annotation-tip-content");
return tipContent.outerHTML;
}
}
const config = {
allowHTML: true,
content: contentFn,
onShow: (instance) => {
selectCodeLines(instance.reference);
instance.reference.classList.add('code-annotation-active');
window.tippy.hideAll();
},
onHide: (instance) => {
unselectCodeLines();
instance.reference.classList.remove('code-annotation-active');
},
maxWidth: 300,
delay: [50, 0],
duration: [200, 0],
offset: [5, 10],
arrow: true,
appendTo: function(el) {
return el.parentElement.parentElement.parentElement;
},
interactive: true,
interactiveBorder: 10,
theme: 'quarto',
placement: 'right',
popperOptions: {
modifiers: [
{
name: 'flip',
options: {
flipVariations: false, // true by default
allowedAutoPlacements: ['right'],
fallbackPlacements: ['right', 'top', 'top-start', 'top-end', 'bottom', 'bottom-start', 'bottom-end', 'left'],
},
},
{
name: 'preventOverflow',
options: {
mainAxis: false,
altAxis: false
}
}
]
}
};
window.tippy(annoteTarget, config);
}
const findCites = (el) => {
const parentEl = el.parentElement;
if (parentEl) {