diff --git a/cmd/geth/config.go b/cmd/geth/config.go
index b1744c8040..8e95941c6f 100644
--- a/cmd/geth/config.go
+++ b/cmd/geth/config.go
@@ -134,6 +134,9 @@ func loadBaseConfig(ctx *cli.Context) gethConfig {
 			utils.Fatalf("%v", err)
 		}
 	}
+	if !utils.ValidateStateScheme(cfg.Eth.StateScheme) {
+		utils.Fatalf("invalid state scheme param in config: %s", cfg.Eth.StateScheme)
+	}
 
 	// Apply flags.
 	utils.SetNodeConfig(ctx, &cfg.Node)
diff --git a/cmd/utils/flags.go b/cmd/utils/flags.go
index a0c2e73aca..21ef8398a3 100644
--- a/cmd/utils/flags.go
+++ b/cmd/utils/flags.go
@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/kzg4844"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth"
-
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/downloader"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/ethconfig"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/filters"
@@ -1941,7 +1940,7 @@ func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *ethconfig.Config) {
 	}
 	// Parse state scheme, abort the process if it's not compatible.
 	chaindb := tryMakeReadOnlyDatabase(ctx, stack)
-	scheme, err := ParseStateScheme(ctx, chaindb)
+	scheme, err := ResolveStateScheme(ctx, cfg.StateScheme, chaindb)
 	chaindb.Close()
 	if err != nil {
 		Fatalf("%v", err)
@@ -2487,6 +2486,48 @@ func MakeConsolePreloads(ctx *cli.Context) []string {
 	return preloads
 }
 
+// ResolveStateScheme resolve state scheme from CLI flag, config file and persistent state.
+//
+// 1. If persistent state and cli is empty, use config param(if user doesn't provide config, use default hash scheme).
+// 2. If persistent state is empty, provide CLI flag and config, choose CLI to return.
+// 3. If persistent state is nonempty and CLI doesn't be provided, persistent state should be equal to config.
+// 4. If all three items are provided: if any two of the three are not equal, return error.
+func ResolveStateScheme(ctx *cli.Context, stateSchemeCfg string, disk ethdb.Database) (string, error) {
+	stored := rawdb.ReadStateScheme(disk)
+	if stored == "" {
+		// there is no persistent state data in disk db(e.g. geth init)
+		if !ctx.IsSet(StateSchemeFlag.Name) {
+			log.Info("State scheme set by config", "scheme", stateSchemeCfg)
+			return stateSchemeCfg, nil
+		}
+		// if both CLI flag and config are set, choose CLI
+		scheme := ctx.String(StateSchemeFlag.Name)
+		if !ValidateStateScheme(scheme) {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid state scheme param in CLI: %s", scheme)
+		}
+		log.Info("State scheme set by CLI", "scheme", scheme)
+		return scheme, nil
+	}
+	// if there is persistent state data in disk db, and CLI flag, config are set,
+	// when they all are different, return error
+	if !ctx.IsSet(StateSchemeFlag.Name) {
+		if stored != stateSchemeCfg {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("incompatible state scheme, stored: %s, config: %s", stored, stateSchemeCfg)
+		}
+		log.Info("State scheme set to already existing", "scheme", stored)
+		return stored, nil
+	}
+	scheme := ctx.String(StateSchemeFlag.Name)
+	if !ValidateStateScheme(scheme) {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid state scheme param in CLI: %s", scheme)
+	}
+	if scheme != stored || scheme != stateSchemeCfg || stored != stateSchemeCfg {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("incompatible state scheme, stored: %s, config: %s, CLI: %s", stored, stateSchemeCfg, scheme)
+	}
+	log.Info("All are provided, state scheme set to already existing", "scheme", stored)
+	return stored, nil
+}
+
 // ParseStateScheme resolves scheme identifier from CLI flag. If the provided
 // state scheme is not compatible with the one of persistent scheme, an error
 // will be returned.
@@ -2506,7 +2547,7 @@ func ParseStateScheme(ctx *cli.Context, disk ethdb.Database) (string, error) {
 		if stored == "" {
 			// use default scheme for empty database, flip it when
 			// path mode is chosen as default
-			log.Info("State schema set to default", "scheme", "hash")
+			log.Info("State scheme set to default", "scheme", "hash")
 			return rawdb.HashScheme, nil
 		}
 		log.Info("State scheme set to already existing", "scheme", stored)
@@ -2515,6 +2556,9 @@ func ParseStateScheme(ctx *cli.Context, disk ethdb.Database) (string, error) {
 	// If state scheme is specified, ensure it's compatible with
 	// persistent state.
 	scheme := ctx.String(StateSchemeFlag.Name)
+	if !ValidateStateScheme(scheme) {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid state scheme param in CLI: %s", scheme)
+	}
 	if stored == "" || scheme == stored {
 		log.Info("State scheme set by user", "scheme", scheme)
 		return scheme, nil
@@ -2545,3 +2589,12 @@ func MakeTrieDatabase(ctx *cli.Context, disk ethdb.Database, preimage bool, read
 	}
 	return trie.NewDatabase(disk, config)
 }
+
+// ValidateStateScheme used to check state scheme whether is valid.
+// Valid state scheme: hash and path.
+func ValidateStateScheme(stateScheme string) bool {
+	if stateScheme == rawdb.HashScheme || stateScheme == rawdb.PathScheme {
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
diff --git a/cmd/utils/flags_test.go b/cmd/utils/flags_test.go
index adfdd0903e..85456532f8 100644
--- a/cmd/utils/flags_test.go
+++ b/cmd/utils/flags_test.go
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ package utils
 import (
 	"reflect"
 	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
 )
 
 func Test_SplitTagsFlag(t *testing.T) {
@@ -62,3 +64,34 @@ func Test_SplitTagsFlag(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestValidateStateScheme(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name       string
+		arg        string
+		wantResult bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:       "hash scheme",
+			arg:        rawdb.HashScheme,
+			wantResult: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "path scheme",
+			arg:        rawdb.PathScheme,
+			wantResult: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "invalid scheme",
+			arg:        "mockScheme",
+			wantResult: false,
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := ValidateStateScheme(tt.arg); got != tt.wantResult {
+				t.Errorf("ValidateStateScheme() = %v, want %v", got, tt.wantResult)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}