diff --git a/codespell_lib/_codespell.py b/codespell_lib/_codespell.py
index e7d2236b787..ae6bc370251 100644
--- a/codespell_lib/_codespell.py
+++ b/codespell_lib/_codespell.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 import re
 import sys
 import textwrap
-from typing import Dict, List, Match, Optional, Pattern, Sequence, Set, Tuple
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Match, Optional, Pattern, Sequence, Set, Tuple
 
 # autogenerated by setuptools_scm
 from ._version import __version__ as VERSION  # type: ignore  # noqa: N812
@@ -301,6 +301,11 @@ def _split_lines(self, text: str, width: int) -> List[str]:
         return out
 
 
+def _toml_to_parseconfig(toml_dict: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Convert a dict read from a TOML file to the parseconfig.read_dict() format."""
+    return {k: "" if v is True else v for k, v in toml_dict.items() if v is not False}
+
+
 def parse_options(
     args: Sequence[str],
 ) -> Tuple[argparse.Namespace, argparse.ArgumentParser, List[str]]:
@@ -566,6 +571,8 @@ def parse_options(
             for toml_file in toml_files:
                 with open(toml_file, "rb") as f:
                     data = tomllib.load(f).get("tool", {})
+                if "codespell" in data:
+                    data["codespell"] = _toml_to_parseconfig(data["codespell"])
                 config.read_dict(data)
 
     # Collect which config files are going to be used