From 3922dddfb17e04500b49ce0c5d838fbb4d6b598b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Colin McDonnell <colinmcd94@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 19:11:26 -0800
Subject: [PATCH 1/6] Implement Standard Schema

---
 deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts |  84 +++++++++++++++
 deno/lib/standard-schema.ts                | 113 +++++++++++++++++++++
 deno/lib/types.ts                          |  58 ++++++++++-
 package.json                               |  23 ++++-
 src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts      |  83 +++++++++++++++
 src/standard-schema.ts                     | 113 +++++++++++++++++++++
 src/types.ts                               |  58 ++++++++++-
 yarn.lock                                  |   5 +
 8 files changed, 531 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
 create mode 100644 deno/lib/standard-schema.ts
 create mode 100644 src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
 create mode 100644 src/standard-schema.ts

diff --git a/deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts b/deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bb9497c9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+// @ts-ignore TS6133
+import { expect } from "https://deno.land/x/expect@v0.2.6/mod.ts";
+const test = Deno.test;
+import { util } from "../helpers/util.ts";
+
+import * as z from "../index.ts";
+
+import type { v1 } from "@standard-schema/spec";
+
+test("assignability", () => {
+  const _s1: v1.StandardSchema = z.string();
+  const _s2: v1.StandardSchema<string> = z.string();
+  const _s3: v1.StandardSchema<string, string> = z.string();
+  const _s4: v1.StandardSchema<unknown, string> = z.string();
+  [_s1, _s2, _s3, _s4];
+});
+
+test("type inference", () => {
+  const stringToNumber = z.string().transform((x) => x.length);
+  type input = v1.InferInput<typeof stringToNumber>;
+  util.assertEqual<input, string>(true);
+  type output = v1.InferOutput<typeof stringToNumber>;
+  util.assertEqual<output, number>(true);
+});
+
+test("valid parse", () => {
+  const schema = z.string();
+  const result = schema["~standard"]["validate"]("hello");
+  if (result instanceof Promise) {
+    throw new Error("Expected sync result");
+  }
+  expect(result.issues).toEqual(undefined);
+  if (result.issues) {
+    throw new Error("Expected no issues");
+  } else {
+    expect(result.value).toEqual("hello");
+  }
+});
+
+test("invalid parse", () => {
+  const schema = z.string();
+  const result = schema["~standard"]["validate"](1234);
+  if (result instanceof Promise) {
+    throw new Error("Expected sync result");
+  }
+  expect(result.issues).toBeDefined();
+  if (!result.issues) {
+    throw new Error("Expected issues");
+  }
+  expect(result.issues.length).toEqual(1);
+  expect(result.issues[0].path).toEqual([]);
+});
+
+test("valid parse async", async () => {
+  const schema = z.string().refine(async () => true);
+  const _result = schema["~standard"]["validate"]("hello");
+  if (_result instanceof Promise) {
+    const result = await _result;
+    expect(result.issues).toEqual(undefined);
+    if (result.issues) {
+      throw new Error("Expected no issues");
+    } else {
+      expect(result.value).toEqual("hello");
+    }
+  } else {
+    throw new Error("Expected async result");
+  }
+});
+
+test("invalid parse async", async () => {
+  const schema = z.string().refine(async () => false);
+  const _result = schema["~standard"]["validate"]("hello");
+  if (_result instanceof Promise) {
+    const result = await _result;
+    expect(result.issues).toBeDefined();
+    if (!result.issues) {
+      throw new Error("Expected issues");
+    }
+    expect(result.issues.length).toEqual(1);
+    expect(result.issues[0].path).toEqual([]);
+  } else {
+    throw new Error("Expected async result");
+  }
+});
diff --git a/deno/lib/standard-schema.ts b/deno/lib/standard-schema.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a946c1b23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/deno/lib/standard-schema.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+declare namespace v1 {
+  /**
+   * The Standard Schema interface.
+   */
+  interface StandardSchema<Input = unknown, Output = Input> {
+    /**
+     * The Standard Schema properties.
+     */
+    readonly "~standard": StandardSchemaProps<Input, Output>;
+  }
+  /**
+   * The Standard Schema properties interface.
+   */
+  interface StandardSchemaProps<Input = unknown, Output = Input> {
+    /**
+     * The version number of the standard.
+     */
+    readonly version: 1;
+    /**
+     * The vendor name of the schema library.
+     */
+    readonly vendor: string;
+    /**
+     * Validates unknown input values.
+     */
+    readonly validate: (
+      value: unknown
+    ) => StandardResult<Output> | Promise<StandardResult<Output>>;
+    /**
+     * Inferred types associated with the schema.
+     */
+    readonly types?: StandardTypes<Input, Output> | undefined;
+  }
+  /**
+   * The result interface of the validate function.
+   */
+  type StandardResult<Output> =
+    | StandardSuccessResult<Output>
+    | StandardFailureResult;
+  /**
+   * The result interface if validation succeeds.
+   */
+  interface StandardSuccessResult<Output> {
+    /**
+     * The typed output value.
+     */
+    readonly value: Output;
+    /**
+     * The non-existent issues.
+     */
+    readonly issues?: undefined;
+  }
+  /**
+   * The result interface if validation fails.
+   */
+  interface StandardFailureResult {
+    /**
+     * The issues of failed validation.
+     */
+    readonly issues: ReadonlyArray<StandardIssue>;
+  }
+  /**
+   * The issue interface of the failure output.
+   */
+  interface StandardIssue {
+    /**
+     * The error message of the issue.
+     */
+    readonly message: string;
+    /**
+     * The path of the issue, if any.
+     */
+    readonly path?:
+      | ReadonlyArray<PropertyKey | StandardPathSegment>
+      | undefined;
+  }
+  /**
+   * The path segment interface of the issue.
+   */
+  interface StandardPathSegment {
+    /**
+     * The key representing a path segment.
+     */
+    readonly key: PropertyKey;
+  }
+  /**
+   * The base types interface of Standard Schema.
+   */
+  interface StandardTypes<Input, Output> {
+    /**
+     * The input type of the schema.
+     */
+    readonly input: Input;
+    /**
+     * The output type of the schema.
+     */
+    readonly output: Output;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Infers the input type of a Standard Schema.
+   */
+  type InferInput<Schema extends StandardSchema> = NonNullable<
+    Schema["~standard"]["types"]
+  >["input"];
+  /**
+   * Infers the output type of a Standard Schema.
+   */
+  type InferOutput<Schema extends StandardSchema> = NonNullable<
+    Schema["~standard"]["types"]
+  >["output"];
+}
+
+export type { v1 };
diff --git a/deno/lib/types.ts b/deno/lib/types.ts
index 5d020d278..aec40ab71 100644
--- a/deno/lib/types.ts
+++ b/deno/lib/types.ts
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import {
 import { partialUtil } from "./helpers/partialUtil.ts";
 import { Primitive } from "./helpers/typeAliases.ts";
 import { getParsedType, objectUtil, util, ZodParsedType } from "./helpers/util.ts";
+import { v1 } from "./standard-schema.ts";
 import {
   IssueData,
   StringValidation,
@@ -169,7 +170,8 @@ export abstract class ZodType<
   Output = any,
   Def extends ZodTypeDef = ZodTypeDef,
   Input = Output
-> {
+> implements v1.StandardSchema<Input, Output>
+{
   readonly _type!: Output;
   readonly _output!: Output;
   readonly _input!: Input;
@@ -179,6 +181,8 @@ export abstract class ZodType<
     return this._def.description;
   }
 
+  "~standard": v1.StandardSchemaProps<Input, Output>;
+
   abstract _parse(input: ParseInput): ParseReturnType<Output>;
 
   _getType(input: ParseInput): string {
@@ -262,6 +266,53 @@ export abstract class ZodType<
     return handleResult(ctx, result);
   }
 
+  "~validate"(
+    data: unknown
+  ): v1.StandardResult<Output> | Promise<v1.StandardResult<Output>> {
+    const ctx: ParseContext = {
+      common: {
+        issues: [],
+        async: !!(this["~standard"] as any).async,
+      },
+      path: [],
+      schemaErrorMap: this._def.errorMap,
+      parent: null,
+      data,
+      parsedType: getParsedType(data),
+    };
+
+    if (!(this["~standard"] as any).async) {
+      try {
+        const result = this._parseSync({ data, path: [], parent: ctx });
+        return isValid(result)
+          ? {
+              value: result.value,
+            }
+          : {
+              issues: ctx.common.issues,
+            };
+      } catch (err: any) {
+        if ((err as Error)?.message?.toLowerCase()?.includes("encountered")) {
+          (this["~standard"] as any).async = true;
+        }
+        (ctx as any).common = {
+          issues: [],
+          async: true,
+        };
+      }
+    }
+
+    return this._parseAsync({ data, path: [], parent: ctx }).then((result) =>
+      isValid(result)
+        ? {
+            value: result.value,
+          }
+        : {
+            issues: ctx.common.issues,
+          }
+    );
+  }
+
   async parseAsync(
     data: unknown,
     params?: Partial<ParseParams>
@@ -422,6 +473,11 @@ export abstract class ZodType<
     this.readonly = this.readonly.bind(this);
     this.isNullable = this.isNullable.bind(this);
     this.isOptional = this.isOptional.bind(this);
+    this["~standard"] = {
+      version: 1,
+      vendor: "zod",
+      validate: (data) => this["~validate"](data),
+    };
   }
 
   optional(): ZodOptional<this> {
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 639030673..628db24e1 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 		"@babel/preset-typescript": "^7.22.5",
 		"@jest/globals": "^29.4.3",
 		"@rollup/plugin-typescript": "^8.2.0",
+		"@standard-schema/spec": "^1.0.0-beta.3",
 		"@swc/core": "^1.3.66",
 		"@swc/jest": "^0.2.26",
 		"@types/benchmark": "^2.1.0",
@@ -59,14 +60,28 @@
 		"url": "https://github.com/colinhacks/zod/issues"
 	},
 	"description": "TypeScript-first schema declaration and validation library with static type inference",
-	"files": ["/lib", "/index.d.ts"],
+	"files": [
+		"/lib",
+		"/index.d.ts"
+	],
 	"funding": "https://github.com/sponsors/colinhacks",
 	"homepage": "https://zod.dev",
-	"keywords": ["typescript", "schema", "validation", "type", "inference"],
+	"keywords": [
+		"typescript",
+		"schema",
+		"validation",
+		"type",
+		"inference"
+	],
 	"license": "MIT",
 	"lint-staged": {
-		"src/*.ts": ["eslint --cache --fix", "prettier --ignore-unknown --write"],
-		"*.md": ["prettier --ignore-unknown --write"]
+		"src/*.ts": [
+			"eslint --cache --fix",
+			"prettier --ignore-unknown --write"
+		],
+		"*.md": [
+			"prettier --ignore-unknown --write"
+		]
 	},
 	"scripts": {
 		"prettier:check": "prettier --check src/**/*.ts deno/lib/**/*.ts *.md --no-error-on-unmatched-pattern",
diff --git a/src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts b/src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..08a4b3ca7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// @ts-ignore TS6133
+import { expect, test } from "@jest/globals";
+import { util } from "../helpers/util";
+
+import * as z from "../index";
+
+import type { v1 } from "@standard-schema/spec";
+
+test("assignability", () => {
+  const _s1: v1.StandardSchema = z.string();
+  const _s2: v1.StandardSchema<string> = z.string();
+  const _s3: v1.StandardSchema<string, string> = z.string();
+  const _s4: v1.StandardSchema<unknown, string> = z.string();
+  [_s1, _s2, _s3, _s4];
+});
+
+test("type inference", () => {
+  const stringToNumber = z.string().transform((x) => x.length);
+  type input = v1.InferInput<typeof stringToNumber>;
+  util.assertEqual<input, string>(true);
+  type output = v1.InferOutput<typeof stringToNumber>;
+  util.assertEqual<output, number>(true);
+});
+
+test("valid parse", () => {
+  const schema = z.string();
+  const result = schema["~standard"]["validate"]("hello");
+  if (result instanceof Promise) {
+    throw new Error("Expected sync result");
+  }
+  expect(result.issues).toEqual(undefined);
+  if (result.issues) {
+    throw new Error("Expected no issues");
+  } else {
+    expect(result.value).toEqual("hello");
+  }
+});
+
+test("invalid parse", () => {
+  const schema = z.string();
+  const result = schema["~standard"]["validate"](1234);
+  if (result instanceof Promise) {
+    throw new Error("Expected sync result");
+  }
+  expect(result.issues).toBeDefined();
+  if (!result.issues) {
+    throw new Error("Expected issues");
+  }
+  expect(result.issues.length).toEqual(1);
+  expect(result.issues[0].path).toEqual([]);
+});
+
+test("valid parse async", async () => {
+  const schema = z.string().refine(async () => true);
+  const _result = schema["~standard"]["validate"]("hello");
+  if (_result instanceof Promise) {
+    const result = await _result;
+    expect(result.issues).toEqual(undefined);
+    if (result.issues) {
+      throw new Error("Expected no issues");
+    } else {
+      expect(result.value).toEqual("hello");
+    }
+  } else {
+    throw new Error("Expected async result");
+  }
+});
+
+test("invalid parse async", async () => {
+  const schema = z.string().refine(async () => false);
+  const _result = schema["~standard"]["validate"]("hello");
+  if (_result instanceof Promise) {
+    const result = await _result;
+    expect(result.issues).toBeDefined();
+    if (!result.issues) {
+      throw new Error("Expected issues");
+    }
+    expect(result.issues.length).toEqual(1);
+    expect(result.issues[0].path).toEqual([]);
+  } else {
+    throw new Error("Expected async result");
+  }
+});
diff --git a/src/standard-schema.ts b/src/standard-schema.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a946c1b23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/standard-schema.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+declare namespace v1 {
+  /**
+   * The Standard Schema interface.
+   */
+  interface StandardSchema<Input = unknown, Output = Input> {
+    /**
+     * The Standard Schema properties.
+     */
+    readonly "~standard": StandardSchemaProps<Input, Output>;
+  }
+  /**
+   * The Standard Schema properties interface.
+   */
+  interface StandardSchemaProps<Input = unknown, Output = Input> {
+    /**
+     * The version number of the standard.
+     */
+    readonly version: 1;
+    /**
+     * The vendor name of the schema library.
+     */
+    readonly vendor: string;
+    /**
+     * Validates unknown input values.
+     */
+    readonly validate: (
+      value: unknown
+    ) => StandardResult<Output> | Promise<StandardResult<Output>>;
+    /**
+     * Inferred types associated with the schema.
+     */
+    readonly types?: StandardTypes<Input, Output> | undefined;
+  }
+  /**
+   * The result interface of the validate function.
+   */
+  type StandardResult<Output> =
+    | StandardSuccessResult<Output>
+    | StandardFailureResult;
+  /**
+   * The result interface if validation succeeds.
+   */
+  interface StandardSuccessResult<Output> {
+    /**
+     * The typed output value.
+     */
+    readonly value: Output;
+    /**
+     * The non-existent issues.
+     */
+    readonly issues?: undefined;
+  }
+  /**
+   * The result interface if validation fails.
+   */
+  interface StandardFailureResult {
+    /**
+     * The issues of failed validation.
+     */
+    readonly issues: ReadonlyArray<StandardIssue>;
+  }
+  /**
+   * The issue interface of the failure output.
+   */
+  interface StandardIssue {
+    /**
+     * The error message of the issue.
+     */
+    readonly message: string;
+    /**
+     * The path of the issue, if any.
+     */
+    readonly path?:
+      | ReadonlyArray<PropertyKey | StandardPathSegment>
+      | undefined;
+  }
+  /**
+   * The path segment interface of the issue.
+   */
+  interface StandardPathSegment {
+    /**
+     * The key representing a path segment.
+     */
+    readonly key: PropertyKey;
+  }
+  /**
+   * The base types interface of Standard Schema.
+   */
+  interface StandardTypes<Input, Output> {
+    /**
+     * The input type of the schema.
+     */
+    readonly input: Input;
+    /**
+     * The output type of the schema.
+     */
+    readonly output: Output;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Infers the input type of a Standard Schema.
+   */
+  type InferInput<Schema extends StandardSchema> = NonNullable<
+    Schema["~standard"]["types"]
+  >["input"];
+  /**
+   * Infers the output type of a Standard Schema.
+   */
+  type InferOutput<Schema extends StandardSchema> = NonNullable<
+    Schema["~standard"]["types"]
+  >["output"];
+}
+
+export type { v1 };
diff --git a/src/types.ts b/src/types.ts
index f3730ae14..a7316e001 100644
--- a/src/types.ts
+++ b/src/types.ts
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import {
 import { partialUtil } from "./helpers/partialUtil";
 import { Primitive } from "./helpers/typeAliases";
 import { getParsedType, objectUtil, util, ZodParsedType } from "./helpers/util";
+import { v1 } from "./standard-schema";
 import {
   IssueData,
   StringValidation,
@@ -169,7 +170,8 @@ export abstract class ZodType<
   Output = any,
   Def extends ZodTypeDef = ZodTypeDef,
   Input = Output
-> {
+> implements v1.StandardSchema<Input, Output>
+{
   readonly _type!: Output;
   readonly _output!: Output;
   readonly _input!: Input;
@@ -179,6 +181,8 @@ export abstract class ZodType<
     return this._def.description;
   }
 
+  "~standard": v1.StandardSchemaProps<Input, Output>;
+
   abstract _parse(input: ParseInput): ParseReturnType<Output>;
 
   _getType(input: ParseInput): string {
@@ -262,6 +266,53 @@ export abstract class ZodType<
     return handleResult(ctx, result);
   }
 
+  "~validate"(
+    data: unknown
+  ): v1.StandardResult<Output> | Promise<v1.StandardResult<Output>> {
+    const ctx: ParseContext = {
+      common: {
+        issues: [],
+        async: !!(this["~standard"] as any).async,
+      },
+      path: [],
+      schemaErrorMap: this._def.errorMap,
+      parent: null,
+      data,
+      parsedType: getParsedType(data),
+    };
+
+    if (!(this["~standard"] as any).async) {
+      try {
+        const result = this._parseSync({ data, path: [], parent: ctx });
+        return isValid(result)
+          ? {
+              value: result.value,
+            }
+          : {
+              issues: ctx.common.issues,
+            };
+      } catch (err: any) {
+        if ((err as Error)?.message?.toLowerCase()?.includes("encountered")) {
+          (this["~standard"] as any).async = true;
+        }
+        (ctx as any).common = {
+          issues: [],
+          async: true,
+        };
+      }
+    }
+
+    return this._parseAsync({ data, path: [], parent: ctx }).then((result) =>
+      isValid(result)
+        ? {
+            value: result.value,
+          }
+        : {
+            issues: ctx.common.issues,
+          }
+    );
+  }
+
   async parseAsync(
     data: unknown,
     params?: Partial<ParseParams>
@@ -422,6 +473,11 @@ export abstract class ZodType<
     this.readonly = this.readonly.bind(this);
     this.isNullable = this.isNullable.bind(this);
     this.isOptional = this.isOptional.bind(this);
+    this["~standard"] = {
+      version: 1,
+      vendor: "zod",
+      validate: (data) => this["~validate"](data),
+    };
   }
 
   optional(): ZodOptional<this> {
diff --git a/yarn.lock b/yarn.lock
index 5c18678b4..1f33e1e1e 100644
--- a/yarn.lock
+++ b/yarn.lock
@@ -2881,6 +2881,11 @@
   dependencies:
     "@sinonjs/commons" "^3.0.0"
 
+"@standard-schema/spec@^1.0.0-beta.3":
+  version "1.0.0-beta.3"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@standard-schema/spec/-/spec-1.0.0-beta.3.tgz#4dbf9a3c69e10fa2997e1ac1f39d8e9f33213576"
+  integrity sha512-0ifF3BjA1E8SY9C+nUew8RefNOIq0cDlYALPty4rhUm8Rrl6tCM8hBT4bhGhx7I7iXD0uAgt50lgo8dD73ACMw==
+
 "@swc/core-darwin-arm64@1.4.8":
   version "1.4.8"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@swc/core-darwin-arm64/-/core-darwin-arm64-1.4.8.tgz#2fb702e209310c2da2bc712b0757c011b583a60d"

From dff8fec535bd564afb95e9dd61e45ddf00437cbb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Colin McDonnell <colinmcd94@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 16:11:08 -0800
Subject: [PATCH 2/6] Remove dep

---
 package.json | 1 -
 yarn.lock    | 5 -----
 2 files changed, 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 628db24e1..ded30130f 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 		"@babel/preset-typescript": "^7.22.5",
 		"@jest/globals": "^29.4.3",
 		"@rollup/plugin-typescript": "^8.2.0",
-		"@standard-schema/spec": "^1.0.0-beta.3",
 		"@swc/core": "^1.3.66",
 		"@swc/jest": "^0.2.26",
 		"@types/benchmark": "^2.1.0",
diff --git a/yarn.lock b/yarn.lock
index 1f33e1e1e..5c18678b4 100644
--- a/yarn.lock
+++ b/yarn.lock
@@ -2881,11 +2881,6 @@
   dependencies:
     "@sinonjs/commons" "^3.0.0"
 
-"@standard-schema/spec@^1.0.0-beta.3":
-  version "1.0.0-beta.3"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@standard-schema/spec/-/spec-1.0.0-beta.3.tgz#4dbf9a3c69e10fa2997e1ac1f39d8e9f33213576"
-  integrity sha512-0ifF3BjA1E8SY9C+nUew8RefNOIq0cDlYALPty4rhUm8Rrl6tCM8hBT4bhGhx7I7iXD0uAgt50lgo8dD73ACMw==
-
 "@swc/core-darwin-arm64@1.4.8":
   version "1.4.8"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@swc/core-darwin-arm64/-/core-darwin-arm64-1.4.8.tgz#2fb702e209310c2da2bc712b0757c011b583a60d"

From 6afedaf968117fe8a83855b1473ef6a7d81f0be6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Colin McDonnell <colinmcd94@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 17:28:35 -0800
Subject: [PATCH 3/6] WIP

---
 playground.ts | 13 +++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+)

diff --git a/playground.ts b/playground.ts
index 4e01473b6..bca434a98 100644
--- a/playground.ts
+++ b/playground.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
 import { z } from "./src";
 
 z;
+
+const schema = z
+  .string()
+  .transform((input) => input || undefined)
+  .optional()
+  .default("default");
+
+type Input = z.input<typeof schema>; // string | undefined
+type Output = z.output<typeof schema>; // string
+
+const result = schema.safeParse("");
+
+console.log(result); // { success: true, data: undefined }

From 775b337f8484bfcc1302ffac13eaeb877a9763e1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Colin McDonnell <colinmcd94@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 17:50:30 -0800
Subject: [PATCH 4/6] Fix CI

---
 deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts | 2 +-
 src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts      | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts b/deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
index bb9497c9a..5c8eba96f 100644
--- a/deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
+++ b/deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { util } from "../helpers/util.ts";
 
 import * as z from "../index.ts";
 
-import type { v1 } from "@standard-schema/spec";
+import type { v1 } from "../standard-schema.ts";
 
 test("assignability", () => {
   const _s1: v1.StandardSchema = z.string();
diff --git a/src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts b/src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
index 08a4b3ca7..0d31bbc9b 100644
--- a/src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
+++ b/src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { util } from "../helpers/util";
 
 import * as z from "../index";
 
-import type { v1 } from "@standard-schema/spec";
+import type { v1 } from "../standard-schema";
 
 test("assignability", () => {
   const _s1: v1.StandardSchema = z.string();

From 501dbc2bf5883472b164bcad05a77ce924aa7717 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Colin McDonnell <colinmcd94@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Dec 2024 18:23:29 -0800
Subject: [PATCH 5/6] Update to latest standard-schema

---
 deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts | 14 ++---
 deno/lib/standard-schema.ts                | 62 ++++++++++++----------
 deno/lib/types.ts                          | 10 ++--
 src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts      | 14 ++---
 src/standard-schema.ts                     | 62 ++++++++++++----------
 src/types.ts                               | 10 ++--
 6 files changed, 94 insertions(+), 78 deletions(-)

diff --git a/deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts b/deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
index 5c8eba96f..77f89cbea 100644
--- a/deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
+++ b/deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
@@ -5,21 +5,21 @@ import { util } from "../helpers/util.ts";
 
 import * as z from "../index.ts";
 
-import type { v1 } from "../standard-schema.ts";
+import type { StandardSchemaV1 } from "../standard-schema.ts";
 
 test("assignability", () => {
-  const _s1: v1.StandardSchema = z.string();
-  const _s2: v1.StandardSchema<string> = z.string();
-  const _s3: v1.StandardSchema<string, string> = z.string();
-  const _s4: v1.StandardSchema<unknown, string> = z.string();
+  const _s1: StandardSchemaV1 = z.string();
+  const _s2: StandardSchemaV1<string> = z.string();
+  const _s3: StandardSchemaV1<string, string> = z.string();
+  const _s4: StandardSchemaV1<unknown, string> = z.string();
   [_s1, _s2, _s3, _s4];
 });
 
 test("type inference", () => {
   const stringToNumber = z.string().transform((x) => x.length);
-  type input = v1.InferInput<typeof stringToNumber>;
+  type input = StandardSchemaV1.InferInput<typeof stringToNumber>;
   util.assertEqual<input, string>(true);
-  type output = v1.InferOutput<typeof stringToNumber>;
+  type output = StandardSchemaV1.InferOutput<typeof stringToNumber>;
   util.assertEqual<output, number>(true);
 });
 
diff --git a/deno/lib/standard-schema.ts b/deno/lib/standard-schema.ts
index a946c1b23..111888e57 100644
--- a/deno/lib/standard-schema.ts
+++ b/deno/lib/standard-schema.ts
@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
-declare namespace v1 {
+/**
+ * The Standard Schema interface.
+ */
+export type StandardSchemaV1<Input = unknown, Output = Input> = {
   /**
-   * The Standard Schema interface.
+   * The Standard Schema properties.
    */
-  interface StandardSchema<Input = unknown, Output = Input> {
-    /**
-     * The Standard Schema properties.
-     */
-    readonly "~standard": StandardSchemaProps<Input, Output>;
-  }
+  readonly "~standard": StandardSchemaV1.Props<Input, Output>;
+};
+
+export declare namespace StandardSchemaV1 {
   /**
    * The Standard Schema properties interface.
    */
-  interface StandardSchemaProps<Input = unknown, Output = Input> {
+  export interface Props<Input = unknown, Output = Input> {
     /**
      * The version number of the standard.
      */
@@ -25,22 +26,22 @@ declare namespace v1 {
      */
     readonly validate: (
       value: unknown
-    ) => StandardResult<Output> | Promise<StandardResult<Output>>;
+    ) => Result<Output> | Promise<Result<Output>>;
     /**
      * Inferred types associated with the schema.
      */
-    readonly types?: StandardTypes<Input, Output> | undefined;
+    readonly types?: Types<Input, Output> | undefined;
   }
+
   /**
    * The result interface of the validate function.
    */
-  type StandardResult<Output> =
-    | StandardSuccessResult<Output>
-    | StandardFailureResult;
+  export type Result<Output> = SuccessResult<Output> | FailureResult;
+
   /**
    * The result interface if validation succeeds.
    */
-  interface StandardSuccessResult<Output> {
+  export interface SuccessResult<Output> {
     /**
      * The typed output value.
      */
@@ -50,19 +51,21 @@ declare namespace v1 {
      */
     readonly issues?: undefined;
   }
+
   /**
    * The result interface if validation fails.
    */
-  interface StandardFailureResult {
+  export interface FailureResult {
     /**
      * The issues of failed validation.
      */
-    readonly issues: ReadonlyArray<StandardIssue>;
+    readonly issues: ReadonlyArray<Issue>;
   }
+
   /**
    * The issue interface of the failure output.
    */
-  interface StandardIssue {
+  export interface Issue {
     /**
      * The error message of the issue.
      */
@@ -70,23 +73,23 @@ declare namespace v1 {
     /**
      * The path of the issue, if any.
      */
-    readonly path?:
-      | ReadonlyArray<PropertyKey | StandardPathSegment>
-      | undefined;
+    readonly path?: ReadonlyArray<PropertyKey | PathSegment> | undefined;
   }
+
   /**
    * The path segment interface of the issue.
    */
-  interface StandardPathSegment {
+  export interface PathSegment {
     /**
      * The key representing a path segment.
      */
     readonly key: PropertyKey;
   }
+
   /**
-   * The base types interface of Standard Schema.
+   * The Standard Schema types interface.
    */
-  interface StandardTypes<Input, Output> {
+  export interface Types<Input = unknown, Output = Input> {
     /**
      * The input type of the schema.
      */
@@ -96,18 +99,21 @@ declare namespace v1 {
      */
     readonly output: Output;
   }
+
   /**
    * Infers the input type of a Standard Schema.
    */
-  type InferInput<Schema extends StandardSchema> = NonNullable<
+  export type InferInput<Schema extends StandardSchemaV1> = NonNullable<
     Schema["~standard"]["types"]
   >["input"];
+
   /**
    * Infers the output type of a Standard Schema.
    */
-  type InferOutput<Schema extends StandardSchema> = NonNullable<
+  export type InferOutput<Schema extends StandardSchemaV1> = NonNullable<
     Schema["~standard"]["types"]
   >["output"];
-}
 
-export type { v1 };
+  // biome-ignore lint/complexity/noUselessEmptyExport: needed for granular visibility control of TS namespace
+  export {};
+}
diff --git a/deno/lib/types.ts b/deno/lib/types.ts
index aec40ab71..fc3e8b21b 100644
--- a/deno/lib/types.ts
+++ b/deno/lib/types.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import {
 import { partialUtil } from "./helpers/partialUtil.ts";
 import { Primitive } from "./helpers/typeAliases.ts";
 import { getParsedType, objectUtil, util, ZodParsedType } from "./helpers/util.ts";
-import { v1 } from "./standard-schema.ts";
+import type { StandardSchemaV1 } from "./standard-schema.ts";
 import {
   IssueData,
   StringValidation,
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ export abstract class ZodType<
   Output = any,
   Def extends ZodTypeDef = ZodTypeDef,
   Input = Output
-> implements v1.StandardSchema<Input, Output>
+> implements StandardSchemaV1<Input, Output>
 {
   readonly _type!: Output;
   readonly _output!: Output;
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ export abstract class ZodType<
     return this._def.description;
   }
 
-  "~standard": v1.StandardSchemaProps<Input, Output>;
+  "~standard": StandardSchemaV1.Props<Input, Output>;
 
   abstract _parse(input: ParseInput): ParseReturnType<Output>;
 
@@ -268,7 +268,9 @@ export abstract class ZodType<
 
   "~validate"(
     data: unknown
-  ): v1.StandardResult<Output> | Promise<v1.StandardResult<Output>> {
+  ):
+    | StandardSchemaV1.Result<Output>
+    | Promise<StandardSchemaV1.Result<Output>> {
     const ctx: ParseContext = {
       common: {
         issues: [],
diff --git a/src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts b/src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
index 0d31bbc9b..1cf4c7ea4 100644
--- a/src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
+++ b/src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
@@ -4,21 +4,21 @@ import { util } from "../helpers/util";
 
 import * as z from "../index";
 
-import type { v1 } from "../standard-schema";
+import type { StandardSchemaV1 } from "../standard-schema";
 
 test("assignability", () => {
-  const _s1: v1.StandardSchema = z.string();
-  const _s2: v1.StandardSchema<string> = z.string();
-  const _s3: v1.StandardSchema<string, string> = z.string();
-  const _s4: v1.StandardSchema<unknown, string> = z.string();
+  const _s1: StandardSchemaV1 = z.string();
+  const _s2: StandardSchemaV1<string> = z.string();
+  const _s3: StandardSchemaV1<string, string> = z.string();
+  const _s4: StandardSchemaV1<unknown, string> = z.string();
   [_s1, _s2, _s3, _s4];
 });
 
 test("type inference", () => {
   const stringToNumber = z.string().transform((x) => x.length);
-  type input = v1.InferInput<typeof stringToNumber>;
+  type input = StandardSchemaV1.InferInput<typeof stringToNumber>;
   util.assertEqual<input, string>(true);
-  type output = v1.InferOutput<typeof stringToNumber>;
+  type output = StandardSchemaV1.InferOutput<typeof stringToNumber>;
   util.assertEqual<output, number>(true);
 });
 
diff --git a/src/standard-schema.ts b/src/standard-schema.ts
index a946c1b23..111888e57 100644
--- a/src/standard-schema.ts
+++ b/src/standard-schema.ts
@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
-declare namespace v1 {
+/**
+ * The Standard Schema interface.
+ */
+export type StandardSchemaV1<Input = unknown, Output = Input> = {
   /**
-   * The Standard Schema interface.
+   * The Standard Schema properties.
    */
-  interface StandardSchema<Input = unknown, Output = Input> {
-    /**
-     * The Standard Schema properties.
-     */
-    readonly "~standard": StandardSchemaProps<Input, Output>;
-  }
+  readonly "~standard": StandardSchemaV1.Props<Input, Output>;
+};
+
+export declare namespace StandardSchemaV1 {
   /**
    * The Standard Schema properties interface.
    */
-  interface StandardSchemaProps<Input = unknown, Output = Input> {
+  export interface Props<Input = unknown, Output = Input> {
     /**
      * The version number of the standard.
      */
@@ -25,22 +26,22 @@ declare namespace v1 {
      */
     readonly validate: (
       value: unknown
-    ) => StandardResult<Output> | Promise<StandardResult<Output>>;
+    ) => Result<Output> | Promise<Result<Output>>;
     /**
      * Inferred types associated with the schema.
      */
-    readonly types?: StandardTypes<Input, Output> | undefined;
+    readonly types?: Types<Input, Output> | undefined;
   }
+
   /**
    * The result interface of the validate function.
    */
-  type StandardResult<Output> =
-    | StandardSuccessResult<Output>
-    | StandardFailureResult;
+  export type Result<Output> = SuccessResult<Output> | FailureResult;
+
   /**
    * The result interface if validation succeeds.
    */
-  interface StandardSuccessResult<Output> {
+  export interface SuccessResult<Output> {
     /**
      * The typed output value.
      */
@@ -50,19 +51,21 @@ declare namespace v1 {
      */
     readonly issues?: undefined;
   }
+
   /**
    * The result interface if validation fails.
    */
-  interface StandardFailureResult {
+  export interface FailureResult {
     /**
      * The issues of failed validation.
      */
-    readonly issues: ReadonlyArray<StandardIssue>;
+    readonly issues: ReadonlyArray<Issue>;
   }
+
   /**
    * The issue interface of the failure output.
    */
-  interface StandardIssue {
+  export interface Issue {
     /**
      * The error message of the issue.
      */
@@ -70,23 +73,23 @@ declare namespace v1 {
     /**
      * The path of the issue, if any.
      */
-    readonly path?:
-      | ReadonlyArray<PropertyKey | StandardPathSegment>
-      | undefined;
+    readonly path?: ReadonlyArray<PropertyKey | PathSegment> | undefined;
   }
+
   /**
    * The path segment interface of the issue.
    */
-  interface StandardPathSegment {
+  export interface PathSegment {
     /**
      * The key representing a path segment.
      */
     readonly key: PropertyKey;
   }
+
   /**
-   * The base types interface of Standard Schema.
+   * The Standard Schema types interface.
    */
-  interface StandardTypes<Input, Output> {
+  export interface Types<Input = unknown, Output = Input> {
     /**
      * The input type of the schema.
      */
@@ -96,18 +99,21 @@ declare namespace v1 {
      */
     readonly output: Output;
   }
+
   /**
    * Infers the input type of a Standard Schema.
    */
-  type InferInput<Schema extends StandardSchema> = NonNullable<
+  export type InferInput<Schema extends StandardSchemaV1> = NonNullable<
     Schema["~standard"]["types"]
   >["input"];
+
   /**
    * Infers the output type of a Standard Schema.
    */
-  type InferOutput<Schema extends StandardSchema> = NonNullable<
+  export type InferOutput<Schema extends StandardSchemaV1> = NonNullable<
     Schema["~standard"]["types"]
   >["output"];
-}
 
-export type { v1 };
+  // biome-ignore lint/complexity/noUselessEmptyExport: needed for granular visibility control of TS namespace
+  export {};
+}
diff --git a/src/types.ts b/src/types.ts
index a7316e001..b2cd5488a 100644
--- a/src/types.ts
+++ b/src/types.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import {
 import { partialUtil } from "./helpers/partialUtil";
 import { Primitive } from "./helpers/typeAliases";
 import { getParsedType, objectUtil, util, ZodParsedType } from "./helpers/util";
-import { v1 } from "./standard-schema";
+import type { StandardSchemaV1 } from "./standard-schema";
 import {
   IssueData,
   StringValidation,
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ export abstract class ZodType<
   Output = any,
   Def extends ZodTypeDef = ZodTypeDef,
   Input = Output
-> implements v1.StandardSchema<Input, Output>
+> implements StandardSchemaV1<Input, Output>
 {
   readonly _type!: Output;
   readonly _output!: Output;
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ export abstract class ZodType<
     return this._def.description;
   }
 
-  "~standard": v1.StandardSchemaProps<Input, Output>;
+  "~standard": StandardSchemaV1.Props<Input, Output>;
 
   abstract _parse(input: ParseInput): ParseReturnType<Output>;
 
@@ -268,7 +268,9 @@ export abstract class ZodType<
 
   "~validate"(
     data: unknown
-  ): v1.StandardResult<Output> | Promise<v1.StandardResult<Output>> {
+  ):
+    | StandardSchemaV1.Result<Output>
+    | Promise<StandardSchemaV1.Result<Output>> {
     const ctx: ParseContext = {
       common: {
         issues: [],

From b3434ed0eb09ae081e8c5e0c83c926b658ec0115 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Colin McDonnell <colinmcd94@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Dec 2024 18:24:27 -0800
Subject: [PATCH 6/6] Add standard-schema/spec as devDep

---
 deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts | 2 +-
 package.json                               | 1 +
 src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts      | 2 +-
 yarn.lock                                  | 5 +++++
 4 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts b/deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
index 77f89cbea..065315c52 100644
--- a/deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
+++ b/deno/lib/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { util } from "../helpers/util.ts";
 
 import * as z from "../index.ts";
 
-import type { StandardSchemaV1 } from "../standard-schema.ts";
+import type { StandardSchemaV1 } from "@standard-schema/spec";
 
 test("assignability", () => {
   const _s1: StandardSchemaV1 = z.string();
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index ded30130f..d6ecb8918 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 		"@babel/preset-typescript": "^7.22.5",
 		"@jest/globals": "^29.4.3",
 		"@rollup/plugin-typescript": "^8.2.0",
+		"@standard-schema/spec": "^1.0.0-beta.4",
 		"@swc/core": "^1.3.66",
 		"@swc/jest": "^0.2.26",
 		"@types/benchmark": "^2.1.0",
diff --git a/src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts b/src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
index 1cf4c7ea4..8f67cce76 100644
--- a/src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
+++ b/src/__tests__/standard-schema.test.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { util } from "../helpers/util";
 
 import * as z from "../index";
 
-import type { StandardSchemaV1 } from "../standard-schema";
+import type { StandardSchemaV1 } from "@standard-schema/spec";
 
 test("assignability", () => {
   const _s1: StandardSchemaV1 = z.string();
diff --git a/yarn.lock b/yarn.lock
index 5c18678b4..2016a4c07 100644
--- a/yarn.lock
+++ b/yarn.lock
@@ -2881,6 +2881,11 @@
   dependencies:
     "@sinonjs/commons" "^3.0.0"
 
+"@standard-schema/spec@^1.0.0-beta.4":
+  version "1.0.0-beta.4"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@standard-schema/spec/-/spec-1.0.0-beta.4.tgz#62f520109add3eb016004098363bfee0678dd1ec"
+  integrity sha512-d3IxtzLo7P1oZ8s8YNvxzBUXRXojSut8pbPrTYtzsc5sn4+53jVqbk66pQerSZbZSJZQux6LkclB/+8IDordHg==
+
 "@swc/core-darwin-arm64@1.4.8":
   version "1.4.8"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@swc/core-darwin-arm64/-/core-darwin-arm64-1.4.8.tgz#2fb702e209310c2da2bc712b0757c011b583a60d"