diff --git a/base.go b/base.go
index 70296a6..82bf9cb 100644
--- a/base.go
+++ b/base.go
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ func isNull(msg json.RawMessage) bool {
 // filterError filters an *Error value to distinguish context errors from other
 // error types. If err is not a context error, it is returned unchanged.
 func filterError(e *Error) error {
-	switch e.code {
+	switch e.Code {
 	case code.Cancelled:
 		return context.Canceled
 	case code.DeadlineExceeded:
diff --git a/client.go b/client.go
index 0ebff4d..f813b73 100644
--- a/client.go
+++ b/client.go
@@ -138,8 +138,8 @@ func (c *Client) deliver(rsp *jmessage) {
 		p.ch <- &jmessage{
 			ID: rsp.ID,
 			E: &Error{
-				code:    code.InvalidRequest,
-				message: fmt.Sprintf("incorrect version marker %q", rsp.V),
+				Code:    code.InvalidRequest,
+				Message: fmt.Sprintf("incorrect version marker %q", rsp.V),
 			},
 		}
 		c.log("Invalid response for ID %q", id)
@@ -255,9 +255,9 @@ func (c *Client) waitComplete(pctx context.Context, id string, p *Response) {
 
 	var jerr *Error
 	if c.err != nil && !isUninteresting(c.err) {
-		jerr = &Error{code: code.InternalError, message: c.err.Error()}
+		jerr = &Error{Code: code.InternalError, Message: c.err.Error()}
 	} else if err != nil {
-		jerr = &Error{code: code.FromError(err), message: err.Error()}
+		jerr = &Error{Code: code.FromError(err), Message: err.Error()}
 	}
 
 	p.ch <- &jmessage{
diff --git a/code/code.go b/code/code.go
index 10f1c15..ece0f4a 100644
--- a/code/code.go
+++ b/code/code.go
@@ -24,27 +24,27 @@ func (c Code) String() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("error code %d", c)
 }
 
-// A Coder is a value that can report an error code value.
-type Coder interface {
-	Code() Code
+// An ErrCoder is a value that can report an error code value.
+type ErrCoder interface {
+	ErrCode() Code
 }
 
 // A codeError wraps a Code to satisfy the standard error interface.  This
 // indirection prevents a Code from accidentally being used as an error value.
-// It also satisfies the Coder interface, allowing the code to be recovered.
+// It also satisfies the ErrCoder interface, allowing the code to be recovered.
 type codeError Code
 
 // Error satisfies the error interface using the registered string for the
 // code, if one is defined, or else a placeholder that describes the value.
 func (c codeError) Error() string { return Code(c).String() }
 
-// Code trivially satisfies the Coder interface.
-func (c codeError) Code() Code { return Code(c) }
+// ErrCode trivially satisfies the ErrCoder interface.
+func (c codeError) ErrCode() Code { return Code(c) }
 
 // Is reports whether err is c or has a code equal to c.
 func (c codeError) Is(err error) bool {
-	v, ok := err.(Coder) // including codeError
-	return ok && v.Code() == Code(c)
+	v, ok := err.(ErrCoder) // including codeError
+	return ok && v.ErrCode() == Code(c)
 }
 
 // Err converts c to an error value, which is nil for code.NoError and
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ func Register(value int32, message string) Code {
 
 // FromError returns a Code to categorize the specified error.
 // If err == nil, it returns code.NoError.
-// If err is a Coder, it returns the reported code value.
+// If err is an ErrCoder, it returns the reported code value.
 // If err is context.Canceled, it returns code.Cancelled.
 // If err is context.DeadlineExceeded, it returns code.DeadlineExceeded.
 // Otherwise it returns code.SystemError.
@@ -110,9 +110,9 @@ func FromError(err error) Code {
 	if err == nil {
 		return NoError
 	}
-	var c Coder
+	var c ErrCoder
 	if errors.As(err, &c) {
-		return c.Code()
+		return c.ErrCode()
 	} else if errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
 		return Cancelled
 	} else if errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) {
diff --git a/code/code_test.go b/code/code_test.go
index d36eb73..0ba74ee 100644
--- a/code/code_test.go
+++ b/code/code_test.go
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ func TestRegistrationError(t *testing.T) {
 
 type testCoder Code
 
-func (t testCoder) Code() Code  { return Code(t) }
-func (testCoder) Error() string { return "bogus" }
+func (t testCoder) ErrCode() Code { return Code(t) }
+func (testCoder) Error() string   { return "bogus" }
 
 func TestFromError(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
diff --git a/error.go b/error.go
index 56e2e9b..89f6077 100644
--- a/error.go
+++ b/error.go
@@ -10,35 +10,32 @@ import (
 
 // Error is the concrete type of errors returned from RPC calls.
 type Error struct {
-	message string
-	code    code.Code
-	data    json.RawMessage
+	Message string          // the human-readable error message
+	Code    code.Code       // the machine-readable error code
+	Data    json.RawMessage // optional ancillary error data
 }
 
 // Error renders e to a human-readable string for the error interface.
-func (e Error) Error() string { return fmt.Sprintf("[%d] %s", e.code, e.message) }
-
-// Code returns the error code value associated with e.
-func (e Error) Code() code.Code { return e.code }
-
-// Message returns the message string associated with e.
-func (e Error) Message() string { return e.message }
+func (e Error) Error() string { return fmt.Sprintf("[%d] %s", e.Code, e.Message) }
 
 // HasData reports whether e has error data to unmarshal.
-func (e Error) HasData() bool { return len(e.data) != 0 }
+func (e Error) HasData() bool { return len(e.Data) != 0 }
+
+// ErrCode trivially satisfies the code.ErrCoder interface for an *Error.
+func (e *Error) ErrCode() code.Code { return e.Code }
 
-// UnmarshalData decodes the error data associated with e into v.  It returns
+// UnmarshalData decodes the error data associated with e into v.  It reports
 // ErrNoData without modifying v if there was no data message attached to e.
 func (e Error) UnmarshalData(v interface{}) error {
 	if !e.HasData() {
 		return ErrNoData
 	}
-	return json.Unmarshal([]byte(e.data), v)
+	return json.Unmarshal(e.Data, v)
 }
 
 // MarshalJSON implements the json.Marshaler interface for Error values.
 func (e Error) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
-	return json.Marshal(jerror{C: int32(e.code), M: e.message, D: e.data})
+	return json.Marshal(jerror{C: int32(e.Code), M: e.Message, D: e.Data})
 }
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements the json.Unmarshaler interface for Error values.
@@ -47,9 +44,9 @@ func (e *Error) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &v); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	e.code = code.Code(v.C)
-	e.message = v.M
-	e.data = v.D
+	e.Code = code.Code(v.C)
+	e.Message = v.M
+	e.Data = v.D
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -79,10 +76,10 @@ func Errorf(code code.Code, msg string, args ...interface{}) error {
 // specified code, error data, and formatted message string.
 // If v == nil this behaves identically to Errorf(code, msg, args...).
 func DataErrorf(code code.Code, v interface{}, msg string, args ...interface{}) error {
-	e := &Error{code: code, message: fmt.Sprintf(msg, args...)}
+	e := &Error{Code: code, Message: fmt.Sprintf(msg, args...)}
 	if v != nil {
 		if data, err := json.Marshal(v); err == nil {
-			e.data = data
+			e.Data = data
 		}
 	}
 	return e
diff --git a/internal_test.go b/internal_test.go
index 04c4fe0..7adc847 100644
--- a/internal_test.go
+++ b/internal_test.go
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ func TestClientCancellation(t *testing.T) {
 	rsp := rsps[0]
 	rsp.wait()
 	if err := rsp.Error(); err != nil {
-		if err.code != code.Cancelled {
+		if err.Code != code.Cancelled {
 			t.Errorf("Response error for %q: got %v, want %v", rsp.ID(), err, code.Cancelled)
 		}
 	} else {
diff --git a/jrpc2_test.go b/jrpc2_test.go
index 83dbdc5..ca49a46 100644
--- a/jrpc2_test.go
+++ b/jrpc2_test.go
@@ -19,6 +19,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
 )
 
+// Static type assertions.
+var (
+	_ code.ErrCoder = (*jrpc2.Error)(nil)
+)
+
 var notAuthorized = code.Register(-32095, "request not authorized")
 
 var testOK = handler.New(func(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
@@ -284,8 +289,8 @@ func TestErrorOnly(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Errorf("ErrorOnly: got %+v, want error", rsp)
 		} else if e, ok := err.(*jrpc2.Error); !ok {
 			t.Errorf("ErrorOnly: got %v, want *Error", err)
-		} else if e.Code() != 1 || e.Message() != errMessage {
-			t.Errorf("ErrorOnly: got (%s, %s), want (1, %s)", e.Code(), e.Message(), errMessage)
+		} else if e.Code != 1 || e.Message != errMessage {
+			t.Errorf("ErrorOnly: got (%s, %s), want (1, %s)", e.Code, e.Message, errMessage)
 		} else {
 			var data json.RawMessage
 			if err, want := e.UnmarshalData(&data), jrpc2.ErrNoData; err != want {
@@ -456,11 +461,11 @@ func TestErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	if got, err := c.Call(context.Background(), "Err", nil); err == nil {
 		t.Errorf("Call(Push): got %#v, wanted error", got)
 	} else if e, ok := err.(*jrpc2.Error); ok {
-		if e.Code() != errCode {
-			t.Errorf("Error code: got %d, want %d", e.Code(), errCode)
+		if e.Code != errCode {
+			t.Errorf("Error code: got %d, want %d", e.Code, errCode)
 		}
-		if e.Message() != errMessage {
-			t.Errorf("Error message: got %q, want %q", e.Message(), errMessage)
+		if e.Message != errMessage {
+			t.Errorf("Error message: got %q, want %q", e.Message, errMessage)
 		}
 		var data json.RawMessage
 		if err := e.UnmarshalData(&data); err != nil {
diff --git a/opts.go b/opts.go
index 4b474fd..caaa463 100644
--- a/opts.go
+++ b/opts.go
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ func (c *ClientOptions) handleCallback() func(*jmessage) []byte {
 			if e, ok := err.(*Error); ok {
 				rsp.E = e
 			} else {
-				rsp.E = &Error{code: code.FromError(err), message: err.Error()}
+				rsp.E = &Error{Code: code.FromError(err), Message: err.Error()}
 			}
 		}
 		bits, _ := json.Marshal(rsp)
diff --git a/server.go b/server.go
index e1add7e..951c2d2 100644
--- a/server.go
+++ b/server.go
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ func (s *Server) stop(err error) {
 	for id, rsp := range s.call {
 		rsp.ch <- &jmessage{
 			ID: json.RawMessage(id),
-			E:  &Error{message: "client channel terminated", code: code.Cancelled},
+			E:  &Error{Message: "client channel terminated", Code: code.Cancelled},
 		}
 		delete(s.call, id)
 	}
@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ func (s *Server) pushError(err error) {
 	if e, ok := err.(*Error); ok {
 		jerr = e
 	} else {
-		jerr = &Error{code: code.FromError(err), message: err.Error()}
+		jerr = &Error{Code: code.FromError(err), Message: err.Error()}
 	}
 
 	nw, err := encode(s.ch, jmessages{{
@@ -711,9 +711,9 @@ func (ts tasks) responses(rpcLog RPCLogger) jmessages {
 		} else if e, ok := task.err.(*Error); ok {
 			rsp.E = e
 		} else if c := code.FromError(task.err); c != code.NoError {
-			rsp.E = &Error{code: c, message: task.err.Error()}
+			rsp.E = &Error{Code: c, Message: task.err.Error()}
 		} else {
-			rsp.E = &Error{code: code.InternalError, message: task.err.Error()}
+			rsp.E = &Error{Code: code.InternalError, Message: task.err.Error()}
 		}
 		rpcLog.LogResponse(task.ctx, &Response{
 			id:     string(rsp.ID),