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⬆️ Go to main menu ⬅️ Previous (API)

Localhost in .env

Don't forget to change APP_URL in your .env file from http://localhost to the real URL, cause it will be the basis for any links in your email notifications and elsewhere.

APP_NAME=Laravel
APP_ENV=local
APP_KEY=base64:9PHz3TL5C4YrdV6Gg/Xkkmx9btaE93j7rQTUZWm2MqU=
APP_DEBUG=true
APP_URL=http://localhost

When (NOT) to run "composer update"

Not so much about Laravel, but... Never run composer update on production live server, it's slow and will "break" repository. Always run composer update locally on your computer, commit new composer.lock to the repository, and run composer install on the live server.

Composer: Check for Newer Versions

If you want to find out which of your composer.json packages have released newer versions, just run composer outdated. You will get a full list with all information, like this below.

phpdocumentor/type-resolver 0.4.0 0.7.1
phpunit/php-code-coverage   6.1.4 7.0.3 Library that provides collection, processing, and rende...
phpunit/phpunit             7.5.9 8.1.3 The PHP Unit Testing framework.
ralouphie/getallheaders     2.0.5 3.0.3 A polyfill for getallheaders.
sebastian/global-state      2.0.0 3.0.0 Snapshotting of global state

Auto-Capitalize Translations

In translation files (resources/lang), you can specify variables not only as :variable, but also capitalized as :VARIABLE or :Variable - and then whatever value you pass - will be also capitalized automatically.

// resources/lang/en/messages.php
'welcome' => 'Welcome, :Name'

// Result: "Welcome, Taylor"
echo __('messages.welcome', ['name' => 'taylor']);

Carbon with Only Hours

If you want to have a current date without seconds and/or minutes, use Carbon's methods like setSeconds(0) or setMinutes(0).

// 2020-04-20 08:12:34
echo now();

// 2020-04-20 08:12:00
echo now()->setSeconds(0);

// 2020-04-20 08:00:00
echo now()->setSeconds(0)->setMinutes(0);

// Another way - even shorter
echo now()->startOfHour();

Single Action Controllers

If you want to create a controller with just one action, you can use __invoke() method and even create "invokable" controller.

Route:

Route::get('user/{id}', 'ShowProfile');

Artisan:

php artisan make:controller ShowProfile --invokable

Controller:

class ShowProfile extends Controller
{
    public function __invoke($id)
    {
        return view('user.profile', [
            'user' => User::findOrFail($id)
        ]);
    }
}

Redirect to Specific Controller Method

You can redirect() not only to URL or specific route, but to a specific Controller's specific method, and even pass the parameters. Use this:

return redirect()->action('SomeController@method', ['param' => $value]);

Use Older Laravel Version

If you want to use OLDER version instead of the newest Laravel, use this command:

composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel project "7.*"

Change 7.* to whichever version you want.

Add Parameters to Pagination Links

In default Pagination links, you can pass additional parameters, preserve the original query string, or even point to a specific #xxxxx anchor.

{{ $users->appends(['sort' => 'votes'])->links() }}

{{ $users->withQueryString()->links() }}

{{ $users->fragment('foo')->links() }}

Repeatable Callback Functions

If you have a callback function that you need to re-use multiple times, you can assign it to a variable, and then re-use.

$userCondition = function ($query) {
    $query->where('user_id', auth()->id());
};

// Get articles that have comments from this user
// And return only those comments from this user
$articles = Article::with(['comments' => $userCondition])
    ->whereHas('comments', $userCondition)
    ->get();

Request: has any

You can check not only one parameter with $request->has() method, but also check for multiple parameters present, with $request->hasAny():

public function store(Request $request) 
{
    if ($request->hasAny(['api_key', 'token'])) {
        echo 'We have API key passed';
    } else {
        echo 'No authorization parameter';
    }
}

Simple Pagination

In pagination, if you want to have just "Previous/next" links instead of all the page numbers (and have fewer DB queries because of that), just change paginate() to simplePaginate():

// Instead of 
$users = User::paginate(10);

// You can do this
$users = User::simplePaginate(10);

Data Get Function

If you have an array complex data structure, for example a nested array with objects. You can use data_get() helper function retrieves a value from a nested array or object using "dot" notation and wildcard:

// We have an array
[ 
  0 => 
	['user_id' =>'some user id', 'created_at' => 'some timestamp', 'product' => {object Product}, etc], 
  1 =>  
  	['user_id' =>'some user id', 'created_at' => 'some timestamp', 'product' => {object Product}, etc],  
  2 =>  etc
]

// Now we want to get all products ids. We can do like this:

data_get($yourArray,  '*.product.id');

// Now we have all products ids [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc...]

Blade directive to add true/false conditions

New in Laravel 8.51: @class Blade directive to add true/false conditions on whether some CSS class should be added. Read more in docs
Before:

<div class="@if ($active) underline @endif">`

Now:

<div @class(['underline' => $active])>
@php
    $isActive = false;
    $hasError = true;
@endphp

<span @class([
    'p-4',
    'font-bold' => $isActive,
    'text-gray-500' => ! $isActive,
    'bg-red' => $hasError,
])></span>

<span class="p-4 text-gray-500 bg-red"></span>

Tip given by @Teacoders

Jobs can be used without queues

Jobs are discussed in the "Queues" section of the docs, but you can use Jobs without queues, just as classes to delegate tasks to. Just call $this->dispatchNow() from Controllers

public function approve(Article $article)
{
    //
    $this->dispatchNow(new ApproveArticle($article));
    //
}

Use faker outside factories or seeders

If you want to generate some fake data, you can use Faker even outside factories or seeds, in any class.
Keep in mind: to use it in production, you need to move faker from "require-dev" to "require" in composer.json

use Faker;

class WhateverController extends Controller
{
    public function whatever_method()
    {
        $faker = Faker\Factory::create();
        $address = $faker->streetAddress;
    }
}

Schedule things

You can schedule things to run daily/hourly in a lot of different structures.
You can schedule an artisan command, a Job class, an invokable class, a callback function, and even execute a shell script.

use App\Jobs\Heartbeat;

$schedule->job(new Heartbeat)->everyFiveMinutes();
$schedule->exec('node /home/forge/script.js')->daily();
use App\Console\Commands\SendEmailsCommand;

$schedule->command('emails:send Taylor --force')->daily();

$schedule->command(SendEmailsCommand::class, ['Taylor', '--force'])->daily();
protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule)
{
    $schedule->call(function () {
        DB::table('recent_users')->delete();
    })->daily();
}

Search Laravel docs

If you want to search Laravel Docs for some keyword, by default it gives you only the TOP 5 results. Maybe there are more?
If you want to see ALL results, you may go to the Github Laravel docs repository and search there directly. https://github.com/laravel/docs

Filter route:list

New in Laravel 8.34: php artisan route:list gets additional flag --except-path, so you would filter out the routes you don't want to see. [See original PR](New in Laravel 8.34: php artisan route:list gets additional flag --except-path, so you would filter out the routes you don't want to see. See original PR

Blade directive for not repeating yourself

If you keep doing the same formatting of the data in multiple Blade files, you may create your own Blade directive.
Here's an example of money amount formatting using the method from Laravel Cashier.

"require": {
        "laravel/cashier": "^12.9",
}
public function boot()
{
    Blade::directive('money', function ($expression) {
        return "<?php echo Laravel\Cashier\Cashier::formatAmount($expression, config('cashier.currency')); ?>";
    });
}
<div>Price: @money($book->price)</div>
@if($book->discount_price)
    <div>Discounted price: @money($book->dicount_price)</div>
@endif

Artisan commands help

If you are not sure about the parameters of some Artisan command, or you want to know what parameters are available, just type php artisan help [a command you want].

Disable lazy loading when running your tests

If you don't want to prevent lazy loading when running your tests you can disable it

Model::preventLazyLoading(!$this->app->isProduction() && !$this->app->runningUnitTests());

Tip given by @djgeisi

Using two amazing helpers in Laravel will bring magic results

Using two amazing helpers in Laravel will bring magic results...
In this case, the service will be called and retried (retry). If it stills failing, it will be reported, but the request won't fail (rescue)

rescue(function () {
    retry(5, function () {
        $this->service->callSomething();
    }, 200);
});

Tip given by @JuanDMeGon

Request parameter default value

Here we are checking if there is a per_page (or any other parameter) value then we will use it, otherwise, we will use a default one.

// Isteand of this
$perPage = request()->per_page ? request()->per_page : 20;

// You can do this
$perPage = request('per_page', 20);

Tip given by @devThaer

Pass middleware directly into the route without register it

Route::get('posts', PostController::class)
    ->middleware(['auth', CustomMiddleware::class])

Tip given by @sky_0xs

Transforming an array to CssClasses

use Illuminate\Support\Arr;

$array = ['p-4', 'font-bold' => $isActive, 'bg-red' => $hasError];

$isActive = false;
$hasError = true;

$classes = Arr::toCssClasses($array);

/*
 * 'p-4 bg-red'
 */

Tip given by @dietsedev

"upcomingInvoice" method in Laravel Cashier (Stripe)

You can show how much a customer will pay in the next billing cycle.
There is a "upcomingInvoice" method in Laravel Cashier (Stripe) to get the upcoming invoice details.

Route::get('/profile/invoices', function (Request $request) {
    return view('/profile/invoices', [
        'upcomingInvoice' => $request->user()->upcomingInvoice(),
        'invoices' => $request-user()->invoices(),
    ]);
});

Tip given by @oliverds_

Laravel Request exists() vs has()

// https://example.com?popular
$request->exists('popular') // true
$request->has('popular') // false 

// https://example.com?popular=foo
$request->exists('popular') // true
$request->has('popular') // true

Tip given by @coderahuljat

There are multiple ways to return a view with variables

// First way ->with()
return view('index')
    ->with('projects', $projects)
    ->with('tasks', $tasks)

// Second way - as an array
return view('index', [
        'projects' => $projects,
        'tasks' => $tasks
    ]);

// Third way - the same as second, but with variable
$data = [
    'projects' => $projects,
    'tasks' => $tasks
];
return view('index', $data);

// Fourth way - the shortest - compact()
return view('index', compact('projects', 'tasks'));

Schedule regular shell commands

We can schedule regular shell commands within Laravel scheduled command

// app/Console/Kernel.php

class Kernel extends ConsoleKernel
{
    protected function shedule(Schedule $shedule)
    {
        $shedule->exec('node /home/forge/script.js')->daily();
    }
}

Tip given by @anwar_nairi

HTTP client request without verifying

Sometimes, you may want to send HTTP request without verifying SSL in your local environment, you can do like so:

return Http::withoutVerifying()->post('https://example.com');

If you want to set multiple options, you can use withOptions.

return Http::withOptions([
    'verify' => false,
    'allow_redirects' => true
])->post('https://example.com');

Tip given by @raditzfarhan

Test that doesn't assert anything

Test that doesn't assert anything, just launch something which may or may not throw an exception

class MigrationsTest extends TestCase
{
    public function test_successful_foreign_key_in_migrations()
    {
        // We just test if the migrations succeeds or throws an exception
        $this->expectNotToPerformAssertions();
        
        
       Artisan::call('migrate:fresh', ['--path' => '/databse/migrations/task1']);
    }
}

"Str::mask()" method

Laravel 8.69 released with "Str::mask()" method which masks a portion of string with a repeated character

class PasswordResetLinkController extends Controller
{
    public function sendResetLinkResponse(Request $request)
    {
        $userEmail = User::where('email', $request->email)->value('email'); // username@domain.com
        
        $maskedEmail = Str::mask($userEmail, '*', 4); // user***************
        
        // If needed, you provide a negative number as the third argument to the mask method,
        // which will instruct the method to begin masking at the given distance from the end of the string
        
        $maskedEmail = Str::mask($userEmail, '*', -16, 6); // use******domain.com
    }
}

Tip given by @Teacoders

Extending Laravel classes

There is a method called macro on a lot of built-in Laravel classes. For example Collection, Str, Arr, Request, Cache, File, and so on.
You can define your own methods on these classes like this:

Str::macro('lowerSnake', function (string $str) {
    return Str::lower(Str::snake($str));
});

// Will return: "my-string"
Str::lowerSnake('MyString');

Tip given by @mmartin_joo

Can feature

If you are running Laravel v8.70, you can chain can() method directly instead of middleware('can:..')

// instead of
Route::get('users/{user}/edit', function (User $user) {
    ...
})->middleware('can:edit,user');

// you can do this
Route::get('users/{user}/edit', function (User $user) {
    ...
})->can('edit' 'user');

// PS: you must write UserPolicy to be able to do this in both cases

Tip given by @sky_0xs

Temporary download URLs

You can use temporary download URLs for your cloud storage resources to prevent unwanted access. For example, when a user wants to download a file, we redirect to an s3 resource but have the URL expire in 5 seconds.

public function download(File $file)
{
    // Initiate file download by redirecting to a temporary s3 URL that expires in 5 seconds
    return redirect()->to(
        Storage::disk('s3')->temporaryUrl($file->name, now()->addSeconds(5))
    );
}

Tip given by @Philo01

Dealing with deeply-nested arrays

Dealing with deeply-nested arrays can result in missing key / value exceptions. Fortunately, Laravel's data_get() helper makes this easy to avoid. It also supports deeply-nested objects.

Deeply-nested arrays are a nightmare when they may be missing properties that you need.
In the example below, if either request, user or name are missing then you'll get errors.

$value = $payload['request']['user']['name']

Instead, use the data_get() helper to access a deeply-nested array item using dot notation.

$value = data_get($payload, 'request.user.name');

We can also avoid any errors caused by missing properties by supplying a default value.

$value = data_get($payload, 'request.user.name', 'John');

Tip given by @mattkingshott

Customize how your exceptions are rendered

You can customize how your exceptions are rendered by adding a 'render' method to your exception.
For example, this allows you to return JSON instead of a Blade view when the request expects JSON.

abstract class BaseException extends Exception
{
    public function render(Request $request)
    {
        if ($request->expectsJson()) {
            return response()->json([
                'meta' => [
                    'valid'   => false,
                    'status'  => static::ID,
                    'message' => $this->getMessage(),
                ],
            ], $this->getCode());
        }
        
        return response()->view('errors.' . $this->getCode(), ['exception' => $this], $this->getCode());
    }
}
class LicenseExpiredException extends BaseException
{
    public const ID = 'EXPIRED';
    protected $code = 401;
    protected $message = 'Given license has expired.'
}

Tip given by @Philo01

The tap helper

The tap helper is a great way to remove a separate return statement after calling a method on an object. Makes things nice and clean

// without tap
$user->update(['name' => 'John Doe']);

return $user;

// with tap()
return tap($user)->update(['name' => 'John Doe']);

Tip given by @mattkingshott

Reset all of the remaining time units

You can insert an exclamation into the DateTime::createFromFormat method to reset all of the remaining time units

// 2021-10-12 21:48:07.0
DateTime::createFromFormat('Y-m-d', '2021-10-12');

// 2021-10-12 00:00:00.0
DateTime::createFromFormat('!Y-m-d', '2021-10-12');

2021-10-12 21:00:00.0
DateTime::createFromFormat('!Y-m-d H', '2021-10-12');

Tip given by @SteveTheBauman

Scheduled commands in the console kernel can automatically email their output if something goes wrong

Did you know that any commands you schedule in the console kernel can automatically email their output if something goes wrong

$schedule
    ->command(PruneOrganizationsCOmmand::class)
    ->hourly()
    ->emailOutputOnFailure(config('mail.support'));

Tip given by @mattkingshott

Be careful when constructing your custom filtered queries using GET parameters

if (request()->has('since')) {
    // example.org/?since=
    // fails with illegal operator and value combination
    $query->whereDate('created_at', '<=', request('since'));
}

if (request()->input('name')) {
    // example.org/?name=0
    // fails to apply query filter because evaluates to false
    $query->where('name', request('name'));
}

if (request()->filled('key')) {
    // correct way to check if get parameter has value
}

Tip given by @mc0de

Dust out your bloated route file

Dust out your bloated route file and split it up to keep things organized

class RouteServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
    public function boot()
    {
        $this->routes(function () {
            Route::prefix('api/v1')
                ->middleware('api')
                ->namespace($this->namespace)
                ->group(base_path('routes/api.php'));
                
            Route::prefix('webhooks')
                ->namespace($this->namespace)
                ->group(base_path('routes/webhooks.php'));
    
            Route::middleware('web')
                ->namespace($this->namespace)
                ->group(base_path('routes/web.php'));
                
            if ($this->app->environment('local')) {
                Route::middleware('web')
                    ->namespace($this->namespace)
                    ->group(base_path('routes/local.php'));
            }
        });
    }
}

Tip given by @Philo01

You can send e-mails to a custom log file

In Laravel you can send e-mails to a custom log file.

You can set your environment variables like this:

MAIL_MAILER=log
MAIL_LOG_CHANNEL=mail

And also configure your log channel:

'mail' => [
    'driver' => 'single',
    'path' => storage_path('logs/mails.log'),
    'level' => env('LOG_LEVEL', 'debug'),
],

Now you have all your e-mails in /logs/mails.log
It's a good use case to quickly test your mails.

Tip given by @mmartin_joo

Markdown made easy

Laravel provides an interface to convert markdown in HTML out of the box, without the need to install new composer packages.

$html = Str::markdown('# Changelogfy')

Output:

<h1>Changelogfy</h1>

Tip given by @paulocastellano

Simplify if on a request with whenFilled() helper

We often write if statements to check if a value is present on a request or not.
You can simplify it with the whenFilled() helper.

public function store(Request $request)
{
    $request->whenFilled('status', function (string $status)) {
        // Do something amazing with the status here!
    }, function () {
        // This it called when status is not filled
    });
}

Tip given by @mmartin_joo

Pass arguments to middleware

You can pass arguments to your middleware for specific routes by appending ':' followed by the value. For example, I'm enforcing different authentication methods based on the route using a single middleware.

Route::get('...')->middleware('auth.license');
Route::get('...')->middleware('auth.license:bearer');
Route::get('...')->middleware('auth.license:basic');
class VerifyLicense
{
    public function  handle(Request $request, Closure $next, $type = null)
    {
        $licenseKey  = match ($type) {
            'basic'  => $request->getPassword(),
            'bearer' => $request->bearerToken(),
            default  => $request->get('key')
        };
        
        // Verify license and return response based on the authentication type
    }
}

Tip given by @Philo01

Get value from session and forget

If you need to grab something from the Laravel session, then forget it immediately, consider using session()->pull($value). It completes both steps for you.

// Before
$path = session()->get('before-github-redirect', '/components');

session()->forget('before-github-redirect');

return redirect($path);

// After
return redirect(session()->pull('before-github-redirect', '/components'))

Tip given by @jasonlbeggs

$request->date() method

New in this week's Laravel v8.77: $request->date() method.
Now you don't need to call Carbon manually, you can do something like: $post->publish_at = $request->date('publish_at')->addHour()->startOfHour();
Link to full pr by @DarkGhostHunter

Use through instead of map when using pagination

When you want to map paginated data and return only a subset of the fields, use through rather than map. The map breaks the pagination object and changes it's identity. While, through works on the paginated data itself

// Don't: Mapping paginated data
$employees = Employee::paginate(10)->map(fn ($employee) => [
    'id' => $employee->id,
    'name' => $employee->name
])

// Do: Mapping paginated data
$employees = Employee::paginate(10)->through(fn ($employee) => [
    'id' => $employee->id,
    'name' => $employee->name
])

Tip given by @bhaidar

Quickly add a bearer token to HTTP request

There’s a withToken method to attach the Authorization header to a request.

// Booo!
Http::withHreader([
    'Authorization' => 'Bearer dQw4w9WgXcq'
])

// YES!
Http::withToken('dQw4w9WgXcq');

Tip given by @p3ym4n

Copy file or all files from a folder

You can use the readStream and writeStream to copy a file (or all files from a folder) from one disk to another keeping the memory usage low.

// List all the files from a folder
$files = Storage::disk('origin')->allFiles('/from-folder-name');

// Using normal get and put (the whole file string at once)
foreach($files as $file) {
    Storage::disk('destination')->put(
        "optional-folder-name" . basename($file),
        Storage::disk('origin')->get($file)
    );
}

// Best: using Streams to keep memory usage low (good for large files)
foreach ($files as $file) {
    Storage::disk('destination')->writeStream(
        "optional-folder-name" . basename($file),
        Storage::disk('origin')->readStream($file)
    );
}

Tip given by @alanrezende

Sessions has() vs exists() vs missing()

Do you know about has, exists and missing methods in Laravel session?

// The has method returns true if the item is present & not null.
$request->session()->has('key');

// THe exists method returns true if the item ir present, event if its value is null
$request->session()->exists('key');

// THe missing method returns true if the item is not present or if the item is null
$request->session()->missing('key');

Tip given by @iamharis010

Test that you are passing the correct data to a view

Need to test that you are passing the correct data to a view? You can use the viewData method on your response. Here are some examples:

/** @test */
public function it_has_the_correct_value()
{
    // ...
    $response = $this->get('/some-route');
    $this->assertEquals('John Doe', $response->viewData('name'));
}

/** @test */
public function it_contains_a_given_record()
{
    // ...
    $response = $this->get('/some-route');
    $this->assertTrue($response->viewData('users')->contains($userA));
}

/** @test */
public function it_returns_the_correct_amount_of_records()
{
    // ...
    $response = $this->get('/some-route');
    $this->assertCount(10, $response->viewData('users'));
}

Tip given by @JuanRangelTX

Use Redis to track page views

Tracking something like page views with MySQL can be quite a performance hit when dealing with high traffic. Redis is much better at this. You can use Redis and a scheduled command to keep MySQL in sync on a fixed interval.

Route::get('{project:slug', function (Project $project) {
    // Instead of $project->increment('views') we use Redis
    // We group the views by the project id
    Redis::hincrby('project-views', $project->id, 1);
})
// Console/Kernel.php
$schedule->command(UpdateProjectViews::class)->daily();

// Console/Commands/UpdateProjectViews.php
// Get all views from our Redis instance
$views = Redis::hgetall('project-views');

/*
[
    (id) => (views)
    1 => 213,
    2 => 100,
    3 => 341
]
 */

// Loop through all project views
foreach ($views as $projectId => $projectViews) {
    // Increment the project views on our MySQL table
    Project::find($projectId)->increment('views', $projectViews);
}

// Delete all the views from our Redis instance
Redis::del('project-views');

Tip given by @Philo01