一个提取自linux addr2line命令的c语言库。能够将可执行文件16进制字符串型地址解析出对应文件名、函数名和源码行号。
➜ wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/binutils-2.38.tar.gz
......
➜ tar -zxvf binutils-2.38.tar.gz
......
➜ cd binutils-2.38 && mkdir build && cd build
➜ ../configure
......
➜ sudo make
......
➜ sudo make install
......
➜ sudo cp libiberty/libiberty.a /usr/local/lib/
➜ sudo cd .. && cp include/libiberty.h /usr/local/include/
➜ sudo vim /usr/local/include/bfd.h然后将以下三行注释掉
// #if !defined PACKAGE && !defined PACKAGE_VERSION
// #error config.h must be included before this header
// #endif➜ wget http://www.zlib.net/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
......
➜ tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
......
➜ Documents cd zlib-1.2.11 && mkdir build && cd build
➜ ../configure
......
➜ sudo make
......
➜ sudo make install
......
➜ make
➜ sudo make install
➜ make test # 编译测试代码
➜ ./test #打印如下信息
./test() [0x40301e]
file name is /home/amricy/Documents/common_backtrace/addr2line/test.c
function name is dump
line is 17
./test() [0x40338d]
file name is /home/amricy/Documents/common_backtrace/addr2line/test.c
function name is FuncC
line is 120
./test() [0x403362]
file name is /home/amricy/Documents/common_backtrace/addr2line/test.c
function name is FuncB
line is 113
./test() [0x40331c]
file name is /home/amricy/Documents/common_backtrace/addr2line/test.c
function name is FuncA
line is 106
./test() [0x4032f8]
file name is /home/amricy/Documents/common_backtrace/addr2line/test.c
function name is main
line is 99
/lib64/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xf5) [0x7fb0a86f9555]
Can't find the address.
./test() [0x402f02]
Can't find the address.
FuncC end.
FuncB end.
FuncA end.头文件引入#include "addr2line.h"
编译选项引入库"-laddr2line -lbfd -liberty -dl -lz",且要带有"-g"
一个在屏幕输出调用dump()函数的调用栈，以及对应的文件名、函数名和源码行号的程序。
#include "addr2line.h"
void dump()
{
int size = 0;
void *buf[256] = {0};
char **cbuf = NULL; //存储16进制地址字符串
char **addresses = NULL;
size = backtrace(buf, sizeof(buf) / (sizeof(void *)));
if (!size)
{
return;
}
addresses = backtrace_symbols(buf, size);
if (addresses == NULL)
{
return;
}
char *file_name = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 30); //确保当执行文件名过长时，不会溢出。
get_this_file_name(file_name);//获得当前进程名称
if (file_bfd_open(file_name, NULL) == error)
{
printf("bfd file open failed.");
free(addresses);
free(file_name);
return error;
}
unsigned int result = nonsense;
cbuf = (char **)malloc(size * sizeof(char *));
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
cbuf[i] = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char[8]));
sprintf(cbuf[i], "%x", (unsigned int)buf[i]); //将地址转化为十六进制字符串类型
result = translate_address(cbuf[i]);
printf("%s\n", addresses[i]);
if (result == error)
{
printf("translate address occur error!\n");
}
else if (result == no_found)
{
printf("Can't find the address.\n");
}
else if (result == nonsense)
{
printf("The address have found,but everything is null.So it's nonsense.");
}
else
{
if (result & file_flag)
{
printf("file name is %s\n", get_file_name());
}
if (result & function_flag)
{
printf("function name is %s\n", get_function_name());
}
if (result & line_flag)
{
printf("line is %u\n", get_line());
}
if (result & discriminator_flag)
{
printf("discriminator is %u\n", get_discriminator());
}
result = ok;
}
printf("\n");
}
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
free(cbuf[i]);
}
free(cbuf);
free(addresses);
free(file_name);
file_bfd_close();//记得关闭
addresses = NULL;
return;
}const enum add2line_status{ok,error};
const enum translate_address_result{no_found=0x10,nonsense=0x100,file_flag=0x1000,function_flag=0x10000,line_flag=0x100000,discriminator_flag=0x1000000};int file_bfd_open(const char *file_name, const char *section_name) 功能
必选
初始化bfd
传入参数
| 参数名 | 类型 | 必选 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|
file_name |
const char * |
需要解析的可执行文件名 | |
section_name |
const char * |
需要解析的段名，一般为NULL |
传出参数
int \\ok或者error例程
if(file_bfd_open("bt",NULL)==error)
{
printf("bfd file open failed.");
return error;
}void file_bfd_close() 功能
必选
用了file_bfd_open成功后，则必须使用file_bfd_close
int get_this_file_name(char* file_name);功能
可选
获取当前进程的名称
传入参数
| 参数名 | 类型 | 必选 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|
file_name |
char * |
存储获取当前进程的名称的变量 |
传出参数
int \\file_name的长度例程
char *file_name = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 30);
get_this_file_name(file_name);
...
free(file_name)//记得freeunsigned int translate_address(const char* addr);功能
必选
将传入的地址，解析出需要的一些信息。
传入参数
| 参数名 | 类型 | 必选 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|
addr |
const char * |
需要解析的地址 |
传出参数
unsigned int \\解析结果用7个标志位来表现各种结果例程
unsigned int result=translate_address("0400837");
if(result==error)
{
printf("error!\n");
}
else if(result==no_found)
{
printf("Can't find.\n");
}
else if(result==nonsense)
{
printf("Have found,but everything is null.So it's nonsense.");
}
else
{
if(result&file_flag)
{
printf("file name is %s\n",get_file_name());
}
if(result&function_flag)
{
printf("function name is %s\n",get_function_name());
}
if(result&line_flag)
{
printf("line is %u\n",get_line());
}
if(result&discriminator_flag)
{
printf("discriminator is %u\n",get_discriminator());
}
result=ok;
}const char* get_file_name();功能
可选
获得trasnlate_address解析的地址对应的源文件名
传出参数
| 类型 | 备注 |
|---|---|
const char * |
trasnlate_address解析的地址对应的源文件名 |
例程
if(result&file_flag)
{
printf("file name is %s\n",get_file_name());
}
//result为translate_address传出的unsigned int变量const char* get_function_name();功能
可选
trasnlate_address解析的地址对应的函数名
传出参数
| 类型 | 备注 |
|---|---|
const char * |
trasnlate_address解析的地址对应的函数名 |
例程
if(result&function_flag)
{
printf("function name is %s\n",get_function_name());
}
//result为translate_address传出的unsigned int变量unsigned int get_line();功能
可选
trasnlate_address解析的地址对应的行号
传出参数
| 类型 | 备注 |
|---|---|
unsigned int |
trasnlate_address解析的地址对应的行号 |
例程
if(result&line_flag)
{
printf("line is %u\n",get_line());
}
//result为translate_address传出的unsigned int变量unsigned int get_discriminator();功能
可选
addr2line命令里含有的，暂不明白作用
传出参数
| 类型 | 备注 |
|---|---|
unsigned int |
trasnlate_address解析的地址对应的discriminator |
例程
if(result&discriminator_flag)
{
printf("discriminator is %u\n",get_discriminator());
}
//result为translate_address传出的unsigned int变量