pgcluu_collectd

#!/usr/bin/env perl
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# PgCluu - PostgreSQL monitoring tool with statistics collector and grapher
#
# This program is open source, licensed under the PostgreSQL license.
# For license terms, see the LICENSE file.
#
# Author: Gilles Darold
# Copyright: (C) 2012-2024 Gilles Darold - All rights reserved.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
use vars qw($VERSION $PROGRAM);
use strict qw(vars subs);

use File::Basename;
use IO::File;
use POSIX;
use Getopt::Long qw(:config bundling no_ignore_case_always);
use POSIX qw(locale_h sys_wait_h);
setlocale(LC_ALL, 'C');

# Change MASK to 0027 if you want to secure the data directory
# Note that in CGI mode the www-data user or group need read
# access to all files in the statistics directory.
use constant UMASK => 0022;

$| = 1;

$VERSION = '4.0';
$PROGRAM = 'pgcluu_collectd';

$SIG{'CHLD'} = 'DEFAULT';

# Default path to the external programs
# They can be specified into command line options
my $SAR_PROG    = 'sar';
my $PSQL_PROG   = 'psql';
my $CAT_PROG    = 'cat ';
my $PIDSTAT_PROG = 'pidstat';

# Global variables
my $CONFIG_FILE     = "/usr/local/etc/pgcluu.conf";
my $SAR_FILE    = 'sar_stats.dat';
my $PIDSTAT_FILE    = 'pidstat_stats.dat';
my $PIDFILE     = "/var/run/postgresql/pgcluu_collectd.pid";
my $SQL_PROBE   = '';
my %DB_INFO     = ();
my $HELP        = 0;
my $DAEMONIZE   = 0;
my $DISABLE_SAR = 0;
my $INTERVAL    = 60; # wait 60 seconds between runs
my $DEBUG       = 0;
my $DBNAME      = '';
my $DBUSER      = '';
my $DBHOST      = '';
my $DBPORT      = '';
my $DBPASS      = '';
my @METRICS     = ();
my $LIST_METRIC = 0;
my $FILE_REDIR  = '>>';
my $PG_VERSION  = 0;
my $DBSERVICE   = '';
my $STAT_TYPE   = 'user';
my $KILL        = 0;
my $OS_INFO     = 0;
my $NOTABLESPACE= 0;
my $PGBOUNCER_ARGS = '';
my $INCLUDED_DB = ();
my $SKIP_HOURS  = '';
my @SKIP_BEGIN  = ();
my @SKIP_END    = ();
my $USE_BUFFERCACHE = 0;
my $NO_STATEMENTS  = 0;
my $NO_WAITEVENT  = 0;
my $NO_PGSTATS_DUMP  = 0;
my $NO_SYSINFO  = 0;
my $SHOW_VER    = 0;
my $END_AFTER   = 0;
my $MAX_SIZE    = 0;
my $END_AFTER_COUNTER = 0;
my $NO_DATABASE = 0;
my $D_ROTATE    = 0;
my $H_ROTATE    = 0;
my $RETENTION   = 0;
my $OUT_DIR     = '.';
my $COMPRESS    = 0;
my $OLD_OUT_DIR = '';
my $COLLECT_PID = 0;
my $COMPRESS_PID = 0;
my $GZIP_PROG   = '/bin/gzip';
my $INCREMENTAL = 0;
my $CAPTURE     = 0;
my $TAR_PROG    = 'tar -czf';
my $CAPTURE_DIR = '/tmp';
my $DIFF_PROG   = 'diff -U 0';
my $CRONUSER    = '';
my $PKG_LIST_PROG  = '';
my $DF_COMMAND  = 'LANG=C df --output="source,size,used,avail,itotal,iused,iavail,fstype,target" -x squashfs -x tmpfs -x devtmpfs';
my $SAR_PID = 0;
my $PIDSTAT_PID = 0;
my $LOCK_TIMEOUT = 3;
my $DISABLE_PIDSTAT = 0;

# Global storage of extensions installed in each database
my @extensions = ();

# Set the default mask for file and directory creation
umask(UMASK);

# Stores starting time
my $START_TIME = time();

# Variables related to remote ssh connection
my $USE_SSH = '';
my $SSH_COMMAND = '';
my $SSH_BIN = 'ssh';
my $SSH_IDENTITY = '';
my $SSH_USER = '';
my $SSH_TIMEOUT = 10;
my $SSH_OPTIONS = "-o ConnectTimeout=$SSH_TIMEOUT -o PreferredAuthentications=hostbased,publickey";

my $ALWAYS_SECURE_SEARCH_PATH_SQL = "SELECT pg_catalog.set_config('search_path', '', false);";

# Variable to store previous settings
my %ORIGINAL_PG_SETTINGS = ();
my %ORIGINAL_DBROLE_SETTINGS = ();
my %ORIGINAL_SYSTEM_SETTINGS = ();

# Register a termination signal
my $fini = 0;
my $done = 0;
my $initial_run = 1;

# Definition to collect metrics from the database
my %METRICS_COMMANDS = (
	'database_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_database.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatdatabase'
	},
	'tablespace_size_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_tablespace_size.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgtablespace_size'
	},
	'bgwriter_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_bgwriter.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatbgwriter'
	},
	'conflict_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_database_conflicts.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatdatabaseconflicts'
	},
	'replication_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_replication.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatreplication'
	},
	'all_tables_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_all_tables.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstattables',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'start-end' => 1,
	},
	'user_tables_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_user_tables.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstattables_user',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'start-end' => 1,
	},
	'all_tables_io_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_statio_all_tables.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatiotables',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'start-end' => 1,
	},
	'user_tables_io_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_statio_user_tables.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatiotables_user',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'start-end' => 1,
	},
	'all_indexes_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_all_indexes.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatindexes',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'start-end' => 1,
	},
	'user_indexes_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_user_indexes.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatindexes_user',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'start-end' => 1,
	},
	'all_indexes_io_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_statio_all_indexes.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatioindexes',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'start-end' => 1,
	},
	'user_indexes_io_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_statio_user_indexes.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatioindexes_user',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'start-end' => 1,
	},
	'all_sequences_io_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_statio_all_sequences.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatiosequences',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'start-end' => 1,
	},
	'user_sequences_io_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_statio_user_sequences.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatiosequences_user',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'start-end' => 1,
	},
	'functions_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_user_functions.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatuserfunctions',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'start-end' => 1,
	},
	'xact_functions_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_xact_user_functions.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatxactuserfunctions',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'start-end' => 1,
	},
	'all_xact_tables_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_xact_all_tables.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatxacttables',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'start-end' => 1,
	},
	'user_xact_tables_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_xact_user_tables.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatxacttables_user',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'start-end' => 1,
	},
	'class_size_stats' => {
		'output'  => 'pg_class_size.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgclass_size',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'override' => 1,
	},
	'lock_types_stats' => {
		'output'  => 'pg_stat_locks.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatlocktypes',
		'repeat'  => 1,
	},
	'lock_modes_stats' => {
		'output'  => 'pg_stat_locks.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatlockmodes',
		'repeat'  => 1,
	},
	'lock_granted_stats' => {
		'output'  => 'pg_stat_locks.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatlockgranted',
		'repeat'  => 1,
	},
	'statements_stats' => {
		'output'   => 'pg_stat_statements.csv',
		'command'  => 'dump_pgstatstatements',
		'override'  => 1,
	},
	'waitevent_stats' => {
		'output'   => 'pg_stat_waitevent.csv',
		'command'  => 'dump_pgwaitsampling',
		'repeat'  => 1,
	},
	'subxact_stats' => {
		'output'   => 'pg_subxact_counters.csv',
		'command'  => 'dump_pgsubxactcounters',
	},
	'xlog_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_xlog_stat.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_xlog_stat'
	},
	'database_size_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_database_size.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgdatabase_size'
	},
	'connections_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_connections.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatconnections'
	},
	'pgbouncer_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pgbouncer_stats.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgbouncerpoolstats'
	},
	'pgbouncer_req_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pgbouncer_req_stats.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgbouncerquerystats'
	},
	'unused_indexes_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_unused_indexes.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_unusedindexes',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'override'  => 1,
	},
	'redundant_indexes_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_redundant_indexes.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_redundantindexes',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'override'  => 1,
	},
	'invalid_indexes_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_invalid_indexes.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_invalidindexes',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'override'  => 1,
	},
        'hash_indexes_stats' => {
                'output' => 'pg_stat_hash_indexes.csv',
                'command' => 'dump_hashindexes',
                'repeat'  => 1,
                'override'  => 1,
        },
	'missing_fkindexes_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_missing_fkindexes.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_missingfkindexes',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'override'  => 1,
	},
	'count_indexes_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_count_indexes.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_count_indexes',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'override'  => 1,
	},
	'unused_trigfunc_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_unused_trigfunc.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_unusedtrigfunc',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'override'  => 1,
	},
	'pg_settings_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_settings.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgsettings',
		'repeat'  => 0,
		'override'  => 1,
	},
	'pg_hba_rules' => {
		'output' => 'pg_hba_rules.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pghba',
		'repeat'  => 0,
		'override'  => 1,
	},
	'pg_nondefault_settings_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_nondefault_settings.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_nondefault_pgsettings',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'override'  => 1,
	},
	'pg_db_role_setting_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_db_role_setting.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgdbrolesetting',
		'repeat'  => 0,
		'override'  => 1,
	},
	'database_buffercache_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_database_buffercache.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgdatabase_buffercache'
	},
	'database_usagecount_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_database_usagecount.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgdatabase_usercount'
	},
	'database_isdirty_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_database_isdirty.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgdatabase_isdirty'
	},
	'relation_buffercache_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_relation_buffercache.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgrelation_buffercache',
	},
	'archiver_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_archiver.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pgstatarchiver',
	},
	'configuration_stats' => {
		'output' => '',
		'command' => 'get_configuration_files',
	},
	'unlogged_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_unlogged.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_unlogged',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'override'  => 1,
	},
	'prepared_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_prepared_xact.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_preparedxactstats'
	},
	'statistics_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stat_ext.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_statisticsext',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'override'  => 1,
	},
	'stats_stats' => {
		'output' => 'pg_stats.csv',
		'command' => 'dump_pg_stats_view',
		'repeat'  => 1,
		'start-end' => 1,
	},
);

# Read configuration file before reading command line parameters
&read_conf();

# Process command line options and look for an action keyword. There
# are no mandatory options.
my $result = GetOptions(
	"B|enable-buffercache!" => \$USE_BUFFERCACHE,
	"c|capture!"     => \$CAPTURE,
	"C|end-counter=s"=> \$END_AFTER_COUNTER,
	"d|dbname=s"     => \$DBNAME,
	"D|daemonize!"   => \$DAEMONIZE,
	"E|end-after=s"  => \$END_AFTER,
	"f|pid-file=s"   => \$PIDFILE,
	"h|host=s"       => \$DBHOST,
	"i|interval=i"   => \$INTERVAL,
	"I|incremental!" => \$INCREMENTAL,
	"k|kill!"        => \$KILL,
	"m|metric=s"     => \@METRICS,
	"M|max-size=s"   => \$MAX_SIZE,
	"p|port=i"       => \$DBPORT,
	"P|psql=s"       => \$PSQL_PROG,
	"Q|no-statement!"=> \$NO_STATEMENTS,
	"r|rotate-daily!"=> \$D_ROTATE,
	"R|rotate-hourly!"=> \$H_ROTATE,
	"s|sar=s"        => \$SAR_PROG,
	"S|disable-sar!" => \$DISABLE_SAR,
	"t|lock-timeout=i" => \$LOCK_TIMEOUT,
	"T|no-tablespace!"=> \$NOTABLESPACE,
	"U|dbuser=s"     => \$DBUSER,
	"v|verbose!"     => \$DEBUG,
	"V|version!"     => \$SHOW_VER,
	"w|no-waitevent!"=> \$NO_WAITEVENT,
	"n|no-pg_stats-dump!"=> \$NO_PGSTATS_DUMP,
	"W|password=s"   => \$DBPASS,
	"z|compress!"    => \$COMPRESS,
	"pgversion=s"    => \$PG_VERSION,
	"pgservice=s"    => \$DBSERVICE,
	"help!"          => \$HELP,
	"stat-type=s"    => \$STAT_TYPE,
	"sar-file=s"     => \$SAR_FILE,
	"list-metric!"   => \$LIST_METRIC,
	"pgbouncer-args=s" => \$PGBOUNCER_ARGS,
	"sysinfo!"       => \$OS_INFO,
	"no-sysinfo!"    => \$NO_SYSINFO,
	"no-database!"   => \$NO_DATABASE,
	"included-db=s"  => \$INCLUDED_DB,
	"exclude-time=s" => \$SKIP_HOURS,
	'enable-ssh!'    => \$USE_SSH,
	'ssh-command=s'  => \$SSH_COMMAND,
	'ssh-program=s'  => \$SSH_BIN,
	'ssh-identity=s' => \$SSH_IDENTITY,
	'ssh-option=s'   => \$SSH_OPTIONS,
	'ssh-user=s'     => \$SSH_USER,
	'ssh-timeout=i'  => \$SSH_TIMEOUT,
	'cron-user=s'    => \$CRONUSER,
	'package-list=s' => \$PKG_LIST_PROG,
	'retention=i'    => \$RETENTION,
	"pidstat=s"      => \$PIDSTAT_PROG,
	"pidstat-file=s" => \$PIDSTAT_FILE,
	"disable-pidstat!" => \$DISABLE_PIDSTAT,
) or die &usage();

# Clean retention value
if ($RETENTION) {
	$RETENTION =~ s/[+\-]//g;
}

# Set current username for cron listing
if (!$CRONUSER) {
	$CRONUSER = $ENV{USERNAME} || 'postgres';
}

# Print version number to stdout
if ($SHOW_VER) {
	print "Version: $VERSION\n";
	exit 0;
}

END {
	kill '-TERM', $SAR_PID if ($SAR_PID);
	kill '-TERM', $PIDSTAT_PID if ($PIDSTAT_PID);
}

# The daemon should be stopped
if ($KILL)
{
	my $proc = '';
	if (-e "$PIDFILE") {
		$proc = `cat $PIDFILE`;
	} else {
		$proc = `ps h -opid -Cpgcluu_collectd | head -1`;
	}
	chomp($proc);
	$proc =~ s/ //g;

	if (!$proc) {
		die "ERROR: can't find a pid to kill, is $PROGRAM running?\n";
	}

	kill '-HUP', $proc;
	if ($? == -1) {
		print "FATAL: failed to execute: $!\n";
	} elsif ($? & 127) {
		printf "ERROR: child died with signal %d, %s coredump\n", ($? & 127),  ($? & 128) ? 'with' : 'without';
	} else {
		printf "OK: pgcluu_collectd exited with value %d\n", $? >> 8;
	}
	exit 0;
}

# Display usage if help is asked
&usage if $HELP;

if ($CAPTURE && $DAEMONIZE) {
	die "ERROR: option -D (--daemonize) can not be used with option -c (--capture).\n";
} elsif ($CAPTURE) {
	$DISABLE_SAR = 1;
}

# Set PGOPTIONS environment variable
$ENV{PGOPTIONS} = "$ENV{PGOPTIONS} -c lock_timeout=${LOCK_TIMEOUT}s";

# Set the multi host information
my @MULTI_HOST_INFO = ();
my @dbnames = split(/,/, $DBNAME);
my @dbports = split(/,/, $DBPORT);
my @dbhosts = split(/,/, $DBHOST);
my @dbusers = split(/,/, $DBUSER);
my @dbpass = split(/,/, $DBPASS);
for (my $i = 0; $i <= $#dbhosts; $i++)
{
	push(@MULTI_HOST_INFO, { 'ip' => $dbhosts[$i] || 'localhost', 'port' => $dbports[$i] || 5432, 'db' => $dbnames[$i] || 'postgres', 'user' => $dbusers[$i] || 'postgres', 'password' => $dbpass[$i] || ''});
}

# Get the output dir from command line
my $OUTPUT_DIR = $ARGV[0] || '';
# Overwrite the output directory in capture mode
if ($CAPTURE)
{
	$OUTPUT_DIR = 'pgcluu_capture';
	unless(mkdir("$CAPTURE_DIR/$OUTPUT_DIR")) {
		die "FATAL: can not create capture temporary directory $CAPTURE_DIR/$OUTPUT_DIR: $!.\n";
	} else {
		print "INFO: creating temporary output directory: $CAPTURE_DIR/$OUTPUT_DIR\n";
	}
}

if ($USE_SSH && !$DBHOST) {
	die "FATAL: you must give an ipaddress for the remote host with -h | --host option to use sar remotely\n";
}

# List metrics and associated SQL commands, then exit
if ($LIST_METRIC)
{
	print "List of available metrics:\n\n";
	foreach my $c (sort {$a cmp $b} keys %METRICS_COMMANDS)
	{
		next if (($c =~ /^(user|all)_/) && ($c !~ /^$STAT_TYPE/));
		$c =~ s/_stats$//;
		print "\t$c\n";
	}
	print "\n";
	exit 0;
}

# Check if an other process is already running
if (-f $PIDFILE)
{
	&dprint("FATAL: an other process is already started, see pid in $PIDFILE\n");
	exit 1;
}

# Check excluded times
if ($SKIP_HOURS)
{
	my @timerange = split(/\s+/, $SKIP_HOURS);
	foreach my $t (@timerange)
	{
		next if (!$t);
		if ($t =~ m#(\d{2}):(\d{2})-(\d{2}):(\d{2})#)
		{
			push(@SKIP_BEGIN, "$1$2");
			push(@SKIP_END, "$3$4");
		} else {
			&dprint("FATAL: Bad time range: $t. Format of exclusion time must be: HH:MM-HH:MM\n");
		}
	}
}

# Normalize number of seconds before terminating
if ($END_AFTER)
{
	$END_AFTER =~ s/(\D+)//g;
	$END_AFTER ||= 0;
	if ($1 =~ /^M/i) {
		$END_AFTER *= 60;
	} elsif ($1 =~ /^H/i) {
		$END_AFTER *= 3600;
	} elsif ($1 =~ /^D/i) {
		$END_AFTER *= 86400;
	}
}

# Set max size of the output dir before terminating
$MAX_SIZE = &parse_pretty_size($MAX_SIZE);

# Validate action(s) to execute
if ($#METRICS >= 0)
{
	my @list_metric = ();
	push(@list_metric, split(/[,]+/, join(',', @METRICS)));
	@METRICS = ();
	foreach my $a (@list_metric)
	{
		if (!grep(/^${a}_stats$/, keys %METRICS_COMMANDS))
		{
			&dprint("FATAL: metric $a does not exist. Use --list-metric to show the available metrics.\n");
			exit 1;
		} else {
			push(@METRICS, "${a}_stats");
		}
	}
}
else
{
	# Perform all metrics actions per default
	push(@METRICS, sort {$a cmp $b} keys %METRICS_COMMANDS);
}

# Check if output directory exists
if (!$OUTPUT_DIR)
{
	&dprint("FATAL: no output directory\n");
	exit 1;
}
elsif (!$CAPTURE)
{
	# Ensure this is not a relative path
	if (dirname($OUTPUT_DIR) eq '.') {
		&dprint("FATAL: output directory ($OUTPUT_DIR) is not an absolute path.\n");
		exit 1;
	}
}

# Go to that directory if we are not in capture mode otherwise go to /tmp
if (!$CAPTURE)
{
	unless (chdir($OUTPUT_DIR))
	{
		&dprint("FATAL: can not change directory to $OUTPUT_DIR: $!\n");
		exit 1;
	}
	else
	{
		# Check if we can write in this directory
		my $fh = IO::File->new("wtest", 'w');
		if (not defined $fh)
		{
			&dprint("FATAL: can not write into output directory $OUTPUT_DIR\n");
			exit 1;
		}
		close($fh);
		unlink("wtest");

	}
}
else
{
	unless(chdir("$CAPTURE_DIR"))
	{
		&dprint("FATAL: can not change directory to $CAPTURE_DIR: $!\n");
		exit 1;
	}
	$OUT_DIR = $OUTPUT_DIR;
}

# Generate the sar command
my $def_sar_command = "LC_ALL=C $SAR_PROG -t -p -A 1 1 | grep -vE 'Average|Summary'";
my $def_pidstat_command = "LC_ALL=C $PIDSTAT_PROG -T ALL -u -w -r -d -U postgres 1 1 | grep -v 'Average'";
my $sshcmd = '';
# Set command to execute sar remotely using ssh if necessary
if ($USE_SSH)
{
	# Force using the user defined ssh command
	if ($SSH_COMMAND)
	{
		$sshcmd = $SSH_COMMAND;
	}
	# else compute command following the configuration parameters
	else
	{
		$sshcmd = $SSH_BIN || 'ssh';
		$sshcmd .= " -i $SSH_IDENTITY" if ($SSH_IDENTITY);
		$sshcmd .= " $SSH_OPTIONS" if ($SSH_OPTIONS);
		if ($SSH_USER) {
			$sshcmd .= " $SSH_USER\@$DBHOST";
		} else {
			$sshcmd .= " $DBHOST";
		}
	}

# With remote database connection and no ssh acces, disable system and sar information
}
elsif ($DBHOST && !grep(/^$DBHOST$/, 'localhost', '127.0.0.1', '::1'))
{
	$NO_SYSINFO = 1;
	$DISABLE_SAR = 1;
}

# Get Os information and exit
if ($OS_INFO && !$NO_SYSINFO)
{
	&grab_os_information();
	exit 0;
}


# Die cleanly on signal
sub terminate
{
	my $sig = shift;

	$fini = 1;

	&dprint("LOG: Received terminating signal $sig.\n");

        $SIG{QUIT} = \&terminate;
        $SIG{TERM} = \&terminate;

	if (-f $PIDFILE) {
		unlink("$PIDFILE");
	}

	# Wait for all child processes to die except for the logger
	&wait_all_childs();
	exit 0;
}

# Die gracefully at end of all collects
sub end_gracefully
{
	my $sig = shift;

	$done = 1;

	&dprint("LOG: Received terminating signal $sig.\n");

        $SIG{INT} = \&end_gracefully;
        $SIG{HUP} = \&end_gracefully;
}


# Die on kill -2, -3 or -15
$SIG{'QUIT'} = $SIG{'TERM'} = \&terminate;
$SIG{'HUP'} = $SIG{'INT'} = \&end_gracefully;

# Run in interactive mode if required
if (!$DAEMONIZE)
{
	# Start in interactive mode
	print "\n*** $PROGRAM v$VERSION (pid:$$) started at " . localtime(time) . "\n";
	if ($CAPTURE) {
		print "Capture mode enabled, $PROGRAM will ended after one single loop.\n\n";
	} else {
		print "Type Ctrl+c to quit.\n\n";
	}
}
else
{
	# detach from terminal
	my $pid = fork;
	exit 0 if ($pid);
	die "FATAL: Couldn't fork: $!" unless defined($pid);
	POSIX::setsid() or die "Can't detach: \$!";
	&dprint("LOG: Detach from terminal with pid: $$\n");
	open(STDIN , '<', "/dev/null");
	open(STDOUT, '>', "/dev/null");
	open(STDERR, '>', "/dev/null");
}


# Set name of the program without path
my $orig_name = $0;
$0 = $PROGRAM;

# Create pid file
my $fhp = IO::File->new($PIDFILE, 'w');
if (not defined $fhp) {
	die "FATAL: can't create pid file $PIDFILE, $!\n";
}
print $fhp $$;
close($fhp);

# Generate the psql commands
$PSQL_PROG .= " -XAtq -F';' ";
my $PGBOUNCER_PROG = $PSQL_PROG . ' ' . $PGBOUNCER_ARGS . ' pgbouncer';
$PSQL_PROG .= " -f - ";


if ($NO_DATABASE) {
	$PSQL_PROG = '';
} else {
	$PSQL_PROG .= " -h $DBHOST" if ($DBHOST);
	$PSQL_PROG .= " -p $DBPORT" if ($DBPORT);
	$PSQL_PROG .= " -U $DBUSER" if ($DBUSER);
	if ($#dbnames >= 0) {
		if ($dbnames[0] !~ /^[a-z0-9\_\-]+$/i) {
			$PSQL_PROG .= " -d '$dbnames[0]'";
		} else {
			$PSQL_PROG .= " -d $dbnames[0]";
		}
	}
	if ($DBPASS) {
		$ENV{PGPASSWORD} = $DBPASS;
	}
}

# Try to grab the sysstat version
my $sysstat_version = '';
if (!$CAPTURE) {
	$sysstat_version = &sysstat_version() || '';
}

# Remove action that can't be run with the PostgreSQL version
my $PG_RET = '';
$PG_RET = &verify_action() if (!$NO_DATABASE);

# Look if we should limit statistic collect to some DB
my @included_dbs = ();
@included_dbs = split(/,/, $INCLUDED_DB) if ($INCLUDED_DB);

# end counter
my $tcounter = 0;

# Force rotation in incremental mode
if ($INCREMENTAL) {
	$D_ROTATE = 1;
	$H_ROTATE = 1;
}

my $previous_time = 0;
while (1)
{
	# Stores loop start time
	my $t0 = time;

	# Do not collect metrics if previous time is upper than current time.
	# This is to prevent collecting statistics twice when the hour change
	# for daylight saving.
	if ($previous_time && ($t0 < $previous_time)) {
		# Wait next run following the interval value
		sleep($INTERVAL);
		next;
	}
	$previous_time = $t0;

	# Search if the monitoring need to stop here
	if ($END_AFTER && ($t0 > ($START_TIME + $END_AFTER))) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("LOG: ending time reach, terminating.", 0);
	}

	# If counter reached then exit
	$tcounter++;

	if (($END_AFTER_COUNTER > 0) && ($tcounter > $END_AFTER_COUNTER)) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("LOG: counter reached, terminating.", 0);
	}

	# Some time range may not collect data
	my ($sec , $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year, @other) = localtime(time);
	$min = "0$min" if ($min < 10);
	$hour = "0$hour" if ($hour < 10);
	$mday = "0$mday" if ($mday < 10);
	$mon++;
	$mon = "0$mon" if ($mon < 10);
	$year += 1900;
	if (!$CAPTURE)
	{
		for (my $i = 0; $i <= $#SKIP_BEGIN; $i++)
		{
			if ( $SKIP_BEGIN[$i] <= $SKIP_END[$i] )
			{
				if ( ("$hour$min" >= $SKIP_BEGIN[$i]) && ("$hour$min" <= $SKIP_END[$i]) )
				{
					# Wait next run
					sleep($INTERVAL);
					next;
				}
			}
			elsif ( $SKIP_BEGIN[$i] > $SKIP_END[$i] )
			{
				if ( ("$hour$min" >= $SKIP_BEGIN[$i]) && ("$hour$min" < 2400) ||
						("$hour$min" <= $SKIP_END[$i]) && ("$hour$min" > 0))
				{
					# Wait for next run
					sleep($INTERVAL);
					next;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	####
	# Output dir is now relative to $OUTPUT_DIR because we have chdir to that directory.
	####

	# Compress previous daily directory if required
	if ($COMPRESS && $OLD_OUT_DIR && ($OLD_OUT_DIR ne "$year/$mon/$mday") && $D_ROTATE && !$H_ROTATE)
	{
		# Fork a process to compress old data files in parallel
		&spawn_compress(sub {
			&compress_files($OLD_OUT_DIR);
		});
	}

	# Set daily rotation subdirectories
	if ($D_ROTATE && !$H_ROTATE && !-d "$year/$mon/$mday")
	{
		mkdir("$year") if (!-d "$year");
		mkdir("$year/$mon") if (!-d "$year/$mon");
		mkdir("$year/$mon/$mday");
		# Set the new output directory
		$OUT_DIR = "$year/$mon/$mday";
		dprint ("Created OUT_DIR: $OUT_DIR \n") ;
	}
	elsif ($D_ROTATE)
	{
		# Set the new output directory
		$OUT_DIR = "$year/$mon/$mday";
		dprint ("OUT_DIR is: $OUT_DIR \n") if ($initial_run);
        }

	# Compress previous hourly directory if required
	if ($COMPRESS && $OLD_OUT_DIR && ($OLD_OUT_DIR ne "$year/$mon/$mday/$hour") && $H_ROTATE)
	{
		# Fork a process to compress old data files in parallel
		&spawn_compress(sub {
			&compress_files($OLD_OUT_DIR);
		});
	}

	# Set hourly rotation/incremental subdirectories
	if ($H_ROTATE && !-d "$year/$mon/$mday/$hour")
	{
		mkdir("$year") if (!-d "$year");
		mkdir("$year/$mon") if (!-d "$year/$mon");
		mkdir("$year/$mon/$mday") if (!-d "$year/$mon/$mday");
		mkdir("$year/$mon/$mday/$hour");
		# Set the new output directory
		$OUT_DIR = "$year/$mon/$mday/$hour";
		dprint ("Created OUT_DIR: $OUT_DIR \n") ;
	}
	elsif ($H_ROTATE)
	{
		# Set the new output directory
		$OUT_DIR = "$year/$mon/$mday/$hour";
		dprint ("OUT_DIR is: $OUT_DIR \n") if ($initial_run);
	}
	elsif (!$D_ROTATE)
	{
		$OUT_DIR = $OUTPUT_DIR;
		dprint ("OUT_DIR is: $OUT_DIR \n") if ($initial_run);
        }

	# If we have a retention limit remove everything older
	if ($RETENTION > 0 && $OUTPUT_DIR && $year)
	{
		# We don't use the output directory as root dir but the year
		# subdirectory. Rewind to previous year first in case we have
		# year overlap.
		$year--;
		if (-d "$OUTPUT_DIR/$year") {
			`find '$OUTPUT_DIR/$year/' -name '*' -mtime +$RETENTION -delete`;
		}
		$year++;
		if (-d "$OUTPUT_DIR/$year") {
			`find '$OUTPUT_DIR/$year/' -name '*' -mtime +$RETENTION -delete`;
		}
	}

	# Set the sar and pidstat command
	my $sar_command = '';
	my $pidstat_command = '';
	if (!$DISABLE_SAR  && $sysstat_version)
	{
		$sar_command = ($sshcmd) ? $sshcmd . ' "' . $def_sar_command . ' "' : $def_sar_command;
		$sar_command .= " >>'$OUT_DIR/$SAR_FILE'";
		if (!$DISABLE_PIDSTAT)
		{
			$pidstat_command = ($sshcmd) ? $sshcmd . ' "' . $def_pidstat_command . ' "' : $def_pidstat_command;
			$pidstat_command .= " >>'$OUT_DIR/$PIDSTAT_FILE'";
		}

		# Start processes to collect system statistics permanently
		&spawn_sar(sub {
			&collect_sysstat($sar_command);
		});
		if (!$DISABLE_PIDSTAT)
		{
			&spawn_pidstat(sub {
				&collect_sysstat($pidstat_command);
			});
		}
	}

	# Collect all metrics about the cluster
	&collect_metrics();
	$initial_run = 0;

	# stores previous directory to check when rotated files must compressed
	$OLD_OUT_DIR = $OUT_DIR;

	# Wait for metric + compress child process to terminate
	&wait_all_childs();

	# We received a signal while waiting
	last if ($done || $fini);

	if (!$CAPTURE)
	{
		# Lookup if output dir size is upper than limit
		if ($MAX_SIZE)
		{
			my $lsize = `du -s '$OUTPUT_DIR'`;
			chomp($lsize);
			if ($lsize > $MAX_SIZE) {
				unlink_pid_and_exit("LOG: max size limit reach, terminating.", 0);
			}
		}

		# Wait next run following the interval value
		my $t1 = time - $t0;
		if ($t1 >= $INTERVAL)
		{
			print "WARNING: loop took: $t1 seconds, you may consider increase the interval ($INTERVAL sec) using -i option.\n";
			# Wait next run following the interval value
			sleep($INTERVAL);
		}
		else
		{
			# Wait next run following the interval value minus the loop time
			sleep($INTERVAL - $t1);
		}
	}
	else
	{
		# get out of the main loop
		last;
	}

	# We received a HUP signal or a TERM/INT signal
	last if ($done || $fini);
}

# Wait for last child stop
&wait_all_childs();

# In capture mode we have to create a tarball
if ($CAPTURE) {
	# be sure to be in the parent directory
	chdir($CAPTURE_DIR);
	# Then create a tarball before removing the output directory
	print "INFO: creating archive $CAPTURE_DIR/pgcluu_capture.tar.gz of the capture directory $CAPTURE_DIR/$OUTPUT_DIR.\n";
	`$TAR_PROG pgcluu_capture.tar.gz '$OUTPUT_DIR'`;
	# Removing temporary directory and ensure that we are not removing anything else
	print "INFO: removing capture temporary directory: $CAPTURE_DIR/$OUTPUT_DIR\n";
	if ($OUTPUT_DIR eq 'pgcluu_capture') {
		`rm -rf '$OUTPUT_DIR'`;
	}
}

if (-f $PIDFILE) {
	unlink("$PIDFILE") or &dprint("ERROR: Unable to remove pid file $PIDFILE, $!\n");
}

exit 0;

####
# Collect system information using the given command
####
sub collect_sysstat
{
	local $SIG{USR1} = sub {
		print STDERR "Received terminate signal, exiting.\n";
		exit 1;
	};
	$0 = "pgcluu_collectd: $_[0]";

	`$_[0]`;
}

####
# Collect system information about the cluster
####
sub collect_metrics
{
	# Use a	 temporary file, final file sysinfo.txt is overridden at end of the function
	if (-e "$OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt.tmp") {
		# Remove old system information file
		unlink("$OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt.tmp");
	}

	# Store current pgcluu configuration
	my $fhl = IO::File->new("$OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt.tmp", 'a');
	if (not defined $fhl) {
		&dprint("FATAL: can not write into file $OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt\n");
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: can not write into file $OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt.tmp, $!", 1);
	}
	print $fhl "[CONFIGURATION]\n";
	print $fhl "capture=$CAPTURE\n";
	print $fhl "sysstat=$sysstat_version\n" if ($sysstat_version);
	close($fhl);

	# Collect PostgreSQL global cluster information and save all into $OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt
	# Diff with old collected information will be saved to sysinfo.txt.diff
	if (!$NO_DATABASE && ($PG_RET >= 0)) {
		&get_initial_info();
	}

	# Get System information  and save all into $OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt
	# Diff with old collected information will be saved to sysinfo.txt.diff
	if (!$NO_SYSINFO) {
		&grab_os_information($OUT_DIR);
	}

	####
	# Stores settings and detect change
	####
	if (!$NO_DATABASE) {
		# Collect previous PostgreSQL settings to track changes
		&load_settings($OUT_DIR, \%ORIGINAL_PG_SETTINGS,\%ORIGINAL_DBROLE_SETTINGS);
	}

	# Copy configuration files into output directory and keep track of change
	if (!$NO_DATABASE && ($#METRICS >= 0) && grep(/^configuration_stats$/, @METRICS))
	{
		my @conf_files = $METRICS_COMMANDS{'configuration_stats'}->{command}->();
		@conf_files = () if ($PG_RET < 0);
		my $outdir = $OUT_DIR;
		$outdir = "$CAPTURE_DIR/$OUT_DIR" if ($CAPTURE);
		foreach my $f (@conf_files, '/etc/pgbouncer/pgbouncer.ini')
		{
			my $filename = basename($f);
			# Rename old file to be able to perform a diff
			if (-e "$OUT_DIR/$filename") {
				# Unlink any temporary renaming of file (can only appears with a crash/interrupt)
				unlink("$OUT_DIR/$filename.tmpold");
				rename ("$OUT_DIR/$filename","$OUT_DIR/$filename.tmpold");
			}
			if ($sshcmd) {
				`$sshcmd "$CAT_PROG $f" >"$outdir/$filename" 2>/dev/null`;
			} else {
				`$CAT_PROG $f >"$outdir/$filename" 2>/dev/null`;
			}
			if (-z "$OUT_DIR/$filename") {
				# remove file when empty
				unlink("$OUT_DIR/$filename" );
			} elsif (-e "$OUT_DIR/$filename.tmpold") {
				# Perform a diff to keep track of configuration change
				`$DIFF_PROG "$OUT_DIR/$filename.tmpold" "$OUT_DIR/$filename" >> "$OUT_DIR/$filename.diff"`;
				unlink("$OUT_DIR/$filename.tmpold");
				# When there's no change do not keep the file
				if (-z "$OUT_DIR/$filename.diff") {
					unlink("$OUT_DIR/$filename.diff");
				}
			}
		}
	}

	# Remove files that must be overriden
	foreach my $type (sort {$a cmp $b} keys %METRICS_COMMANDS)
	{
		if ($METRICS_COMMANDS{$type}->{override} && -e "$OUT_DIR/$METRICS_COMMANDS{$type}->{output}")
		{
			unlink("$OUT_DIR/$METRICS_COMMANDS{$type}->{output}");
		}
		if ($METRICS_COMMANDS{$type}->{'start-end'} && -e "$OUT_DIR/end-$METRICS_COMMANDS{$type}->{output}")
		{
			# Keep the file but remove its content
			if ( open(my $outf, '>', "$OUT_DIR/end-$METRICS_COMMANDS{$type}->{output}") ) {
				close($outf);
			}
		}
	}

	# Generating global statistics collector SQL script
	my $script_sql = &create_sql_script();

	if (!$script_sql && ($#METRICS < 0))
	{
		# No action can be perform with this PostgreSQL version
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: no action will be run on this PostgreSQL version $DB_INFO{major}.$DB_INFO{minor}, $!", 1);
	}
	if (!$NO_DATABASE)
	{
		# Collecting database statistics if there other than pgbouncer metrics to collect
		if ($PG_RET >= 0)
		{
			if (open(my $fhl, '|-', $PSQL_PROG)) {
				print $fhl $script_sql, "\n";
				close($fhl);
			} else {
				&dprint("FATAL: failure when calling psql command: $PSQL_PROG, $!\n");
				unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: failure when calling psql command: $PSQL_PROG, $!", 1);
			}

			# Get database list
			my @dblist = &get_databases();
			push(@dblist, $DBNAME) if (($#dblist == -1) && $DBNAME);

			# Generating per database statistics collector SQL script
			foreach my $db (@dblist)
			{

				next if (($#included_dbs >= 0) && !grep(/^$db$/i, @included_dbs));
				my $script_repeat_sql = &create_sql_script($db);
				if (!$script_repeat_sql) {
					last;
				}
				my $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG = &set_local_psql_command($db);

				# Collecting database statistics
				if (open(my $fhl, '|-', $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG)) {
					print $fhl $script_repeat_sql, "\n";
					close($fhl);
				} else {
					&dprint("FATAL: failure when calling psql command: $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG, $!\n");
					unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: failure when calling psql command: $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG, $!", 1);
				}
			}
		}

		# Keep track of settings change
		if (scalar keys %ORIGINAL_PG_SETTINGS > 0)
		{
			my %current_pg_settings = ();
			my %current_dbrole_settings = ();
			# Collect current PostgreSQL settings to look compare values
			&load_settings($OUT_DIR, \%current_pg_settings,\%current_dbrole_settings);
			# Save pg_settings into a temporary files
			my ($file1, $file2) = &save_pg_settings($OUT_DIR, \%ORIGINAL_PG_SETTINGS,\%current_pg_settings);
			# Perform a diff to keep track of configuration change
			`$DIFF_PROG "$file1" "$file2" >> "$OUT_DIR/pg_settings.diff"`;
			unlink($file2, $file1);
			# When there's no change do not keep the file
			if (-z "$OUT_DIR/pg_settings.diff") {
				unlink("$OUT_DIR/pg_settings.diff");
			}
			# Save settings into temporaries files
			($file1, $file2) = &save_dbrole_settings($OUT_DIR, \%ORIGINAL_DBROLE_SETTINGS,\%current_dbrole_settings);
			# Perform a diff to keep track of configuration change
			`$DIFF_PROG "$file1" "$file2" >> "$OUT_DIR/pg_db_role_setting.diff"`;
			# When there's no change do not keep the file
			if (-z "$OUT_DIR/pg_db_role_setting.diff") {
				unlink("$OUT_DIR/pg_db_role_setting.diff");
			}
			unlink($file2, $file1);
		}
	}

	# Collecting pgbouncer statistics
	if ($PGBOUNCER_ARGS)
	{
		foreach my $c (@METRICS)
		{
			next if ($c !~ /^pgbouncer_/);
			# create a timestamp to registrer pgbouncer statistics
			my $timestamp = &get_current_timestamp();

			my $sql = '';
			eval { $sql = &{$METRICS_COMMANDS{$c}->{command}}; };
			if (!$sql || $@) {
				if (-f $PIDFILE) {
					unlink("$PIDFILE") or &dprint("ERROR: Unable to remove pid file $PIDFILE, $!\n");
				}
				die "FATAL: no SQL with metric command pgbouncer_stats ($sql).\n" if (!$sql || $@);
			}

			# Remove lock_timeout from PGOPTIONS environment variable
			# when querying pgbouncer, it is restored after the command
			my $tmp_pgopt = $ENV{PGOPTIONS};
			$tmp_pgopt =~ s/ -c lock_timeout=\d+s//;
			$ENV{PGOPTIONS} = $tmp_pgopt;
			# Get statistics from pgbouncer
			`$PGBOUNCER_PROG -c "$sql" | sed 's/^/$timestamp;/' $FILE_REDIR '$OUT_DIR/$METRICS_COMMANDS{$c}->{output}'`;
			# Restore PGOPTIONS environment variable
			$ENV{PGOPTIONS} = "$ENV{PGOPTIONS} -c lock_timeout=${LOCK_TIMEOUT}s";
			if ($? != 0) {
				&dprint("LOG: $PGBOUNCER_PROG -c \"$sql\" | sed 's/^/$timestamp;/' $FILE_REDIR '$OUT_DIR/$METRICS_COMMANDS{$c}->{output}'\n");
				&dprint("ERROR: pgbouncer pool query failure, $!\n");
			}
		}
	}

	if (!$NO_SYSINFO && $sysstat_version lt "11.7.4")
	{
		# Store filesystem use information
		my @fsuse = `$DF_COMMAND 2>/dev/null`;
		if ($#fsuse > 0) {
			shift(@fsuse); # remove header
			chomp(@fsuse);
			my $ntime = &get_current_timestamp();
			map { s/\s+/;/g; s/^/$ntime;/; } @fsuse; # format output to csv
			# Filesystem;1K-blocks;Used;Avail;Inodes;IUsed;IFree;Typer;Mounted on
			$fhl = IO::File->new("$OUT_DIR/fs_stat_use.csv", 'a');
			if (not defined $fhl) {
				&dprint("FATAL: can not write into file $OUT_DIR/fs_stat_use.csv\n");
				unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: can not write into file $OUT_DIR/fs_stat_use.csv, $!", 1);
			}
			print $fhl join("\n", @fsuse), "\n";
			close($fhl);
		}
	}

	# Override sysinfo.txt to be atomic
	if (-e "$OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt.tmp") {
		`mv -f '$OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt.tmp' '$OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt'`;
	}
}

sub get_initial_info
{
	return if ($NO_DATABASE);

	# Get list of database in the PostgreSQL cluster
	my @alldbs = ();
	if ($#dbnames >= 0) {
		# from command line
		push(@alldbs, @dbnames);
	} else {
		# or by querying the database list
		@alldbs = &get_databases();
	}

	# Store PG version into sysinfo file
	&fetch_version(1);

	# Store PG uptime into sysinfo file
	&get_uptime(1);

	# Collect general information about each database
	if ($#alldbs > -1)
	{
		@extensions = ();
		my @schemas = ();
		my @json = ();
		my @procs = ();
		my @trigs = ();
		my %parts = ();
		my $fhl = IO::File->new("$OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt.tmp", 'a');
		if (not defined $fhl) {
			&dprint("FATAL: can not write into file $OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt.tmp\n");
			unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: can not write into file $OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt.tmp, $!", 1);
		}
		if (&backend_minimum_version(9, 1)) {
			# Look for all installed extensions
			print $fhl "[EXTENSION]\n";
			foreach my $db (sort @alldbs)
			{
				my @ext = &get_extensions($db);
				push(@extensions, "$db=" . join(',', sort @ext)) if ($#ext >= 0);
			}
			foreach my $e (@extensions) {
				print $fhl "$e\n";
			}
		}
		# Look for all schema in a database
		print $fhl "[SCHEMA]\n";
		foreach my $db (sort @alldbs) {
			my @sch = &get_schemas($db);
			push(@schemas, "$db=" . join(',', sort @sch)) if ($#sch >= 0);
		}
		foreach my $s (@schemas) {
			print $fhl "$s\n";
		}
		# Look for all JSON vs JSONB columns in a database
		print $fhl "[JSON]\n";
		foreach my $db (sort @alldbs) {
			my @col = &get_json_cols($db);
			push(@json, "$db=" . join(',', sort @col)) if ($#col >= 0);
		}
		foreach my $s (@json) {
			print $fhl "$s\n";
		}
		# Look for all procedure in a database
		print $fhl "[PROCEDURE]\n";
		foreach my $db (sort @alldbs) {
			my $pro = &get_proc_count($db);
			push(@procs, "$db=" . $pro);
		}
		foreach my $p (@procs) {
			print $fhl "$p\n";
		}
		# Look for all schema in a database
		print $fhl "[TRIGGER]\n";
		foreach my $db (sort @alldbs) {
			my $tgs = &get_triggers($db);
			push(@trigs, "$db=$tgs");
		}
		foreach my $t (@trigs) {
			print $fhl "$t\n";
		}
		# Look for partitionned tables in a database
		print $fhl "[PARTITIONNED_TABLE]\n";
		foreach my $db (sort @alldbs) {
			my @p = &get_partitionned_tables($db);

			# Get general partition information
			foreach my $line (@p) {
				my ($oid, $content) = split(/[;]/, $line, 2);

				$parts{$oid} = $db;
				print $fhl "$db=$oid;$content\n";
			}
		}
		# get trigger or rule definition of each partitionned table
		foreach my $oid (sort keys %parts) {
			my $db = $parts{$oid};
			my @implementation = &get_partitionned_implementation($db, $oid);

			print $fhl "[PARTITION_IMPL $db $oid]\n";
			foreach my $line (@implementation) {
				print $fhl "$line\n";
			}
		}
		close($fhl);
	}
}

sub verify_action
{
	# Detect PostgreSQL version
	my $ret = &fetch_version();

	# Only pgbouncer metrics and configuration
	if ($ret < 0) {
		foreach my $m (keys %METRICS_COMMANDS)
		{
			delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{$m} if (($m ne 'configuration_stats') && ($m !~ /pgbouncer/));
		}
		return $ret;
	}
	# Remove some metric collection following the PostgreSQL version.
	if (!&backend_minimum_version(10, 0)) {
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'statistics_stats'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'pg_hba_rules'};
	}
	if (!&backend_minimum_version(9, 4)) {
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'archiver_stats'};
	}
	if (!&backend_minimum_version(8, 3)) {
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'bgwriter_stats'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'pg_buffercache_stats'};
	}
	if (!&backend_minimum_version(9, 1)) {
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'conflict_stats'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'replication_stats'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'unlogged_stats'};
	}
	if (!&backend_minimum_version(9, 0)) {
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'hot_standby_delay'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'user_xact_tables_stats'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'all_xact_tables_stats'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'xact_functions_stats'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'pg_db_role_setting_stats'};
	}
	if (!&backend_minimum_version(8, 4)) {
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'functions_stats'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'redundant_indexes_stats'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'invalid_indexes_stats'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'hash_indexes_stats'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'missing_fkindexes_stats'};
	}
	if (!&backend_minimum_version(8, 1)) {
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'xlog_stats'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'prepared_stats'};
	}
	$DB_INFO{pg_stat_statement} = &has_pgstatstatements();
	if ($NO_STATEMENTS || !$DB_INFO{pg_stat_statement}) {
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'statements_stats'};
	}
	$DB_INFO{pg_subxact_counters} = &has_pgsubxactcounters();
	if (!$DB_INFO{pg_subxact_counters}) {
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'subxact_stats'};
	}
	if (!&is_superuser($DBUSER)) {
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'xlog_stats'};
	}
	if ($NOTABLESPACE) {
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'tablespace_size_stats'};
	}

	# Check if the connection database has pg_buffercache installed
	if (!$USE_BUFFERCACHE || !&has_pg_buffercache()) {
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'database_buffercache_stats'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'database_usagecount_stats'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'relation_buffercache_stats'};
		delete $METRICS_COMMANDS{'database_isdirty_stats'};
	}

	return $ret;
}

sub create_sql_script
{
	my $db = shift;

	# Prepare the SQL script
	my $sql_queries = '';
	foreach my $type (sort {$a cmp $b} keys %METRICS_COMMANDS)
	{
		next if (!$db && $METRICS_COMMANDS{$type}->{repeat});
		next if ($db && !$METRICS_COMMANDS{$type}->{repeat});
		next if ($type =~ /^pgbouncer_|configuration_/);
		next if (($type =~ /^(user|all)_/) && ($type !~ /^$STAT_TYPE/));
		next if (($#METRICS >= 0) && !grep(/^$type$/, @METRICS));

		# For these extensions a database to connect is required as they use
		# shared memory and must always be run only one time. They must all
		# be installed is the same database.
		if ($db)
		{
			# Look if there is the pg_stat_statements extension in this database
			if ($type eq 'statements_stats')
			{
				next if ($NO_STATEMENTS);
				next if (!grep(/^$db=.*pg_stat_statements/, @extensions));
			}
			# Look if there is the pg_wait_sampling extension in this database
			if ($type eq 'waitevent_stats')
			{
				next if ($NO_WAITEVENT);
				next if (!grep(/^$db=.*pg_wait_sampling/, @extensions));
			}
			# Look if there is the pg_subxact_counters extension in this database
			if ($type eq 'subxact_stats')
			{
				next if (!grep(/^$db=.*pg_subxact_counters/, @extensions));
			}
		}

		if ($type eq 'stats_stats')
		{
			next if ($NO_PGSTATS_DUMP);
		}

		# Get the SQL command to execute for this metric
		my $sql = $METRICS_COMMANDS{$type}->{command}->();
		if (!$sql) {
			return;
		}
		my $file_output = $METRICS_COMMANDS{$type}->{output};
		# Metrics that must be saved at start and end only
		if ($METRICS_COMMANDS{$type}->{'start-end'} && !$initial_run
			&& -e "$OUT_DIR/$METRICS_COMMANDS{$type}->{output}")
		{
			# Add a prefix to end file so that the first file will be preserved
			$file_output = 'end-' . $METRICS_COMMANDS{$type}->{output};
		}

		if (&backend_minimum_version(8, 2)) {
			$sql_queries .= <<EOF
\\o | cat > /dev/null
$ALWAYS_SECURE_SEARCH_PATH_SQL
-- $type
\\o | cat $FILE_REDIR '$OUT_DIR/$file_output'
COPY ($sql) TO STDOUT CSV DELIMITER ';';

EOF
		} else {
			# 8.1 and lower doesn't support select statement into COPY
			# we use a temporary table instead
			$sql_queries .= <<EOF
\\o | cat > /dev/null
$ALWAYS_SECURE_SEARCH_PATH_SQL
-- $type
\\o | cat $FILE_REDIR '$OUT_DIR/$file_output'
BEGIN;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE __pgcluu as $sql;
COPY __pgcluu TO STDOUT CSV DELIMITER ';';
ROLLBACK;

EOF
		}
	}

	if ($sql_queries && &backend_minimum_version(9, 0)) {
		$sql_queries = "SET application_name TO pgcluu;\n" . $sql_queries;
	}

	return $sql_queries
}

sub fetch_version
{
	my $save = shift;

	if ($PG_VERSION =~ /^(\d+)/) {
		$DB_INFO{major} = $1;
		if ($DB_INFO{major} >= 10) {
			$DB_INFO{minor} = 0;
			return "$DB_INFO{major}.0";
		} elsif ($PG_VERSION =~ /^(\d+)\.(\d+)/) {
			$DB_INFO{major} = $1;
			$DB_INFO{minor} = $2;
			return "$1.$2";
		}
	}

	return -1 if ($NO_DATABASE);

	my $pg_ver = `echo "SELECT version();" | $PSQL_PROG 2>&1`;
	if ($? != 0) {
		# Only stop here if there's no pgbouncer querying
		if (!$PGBOUNCER_ARGS) {
			unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error. $pg_ver", 0);
		} else {
			return -1;
		}
	}
	chomp($pg_ver);

	if ($pg_ver =~ /^(?:PostgreSQL|EnterpriseDB) (\d+)/) {
		$DB_INFO{major} = $1;
		if ($DB_INFO{major} >= 10) {
			$DB_INFO{minor} = 0;
		} elsif ($pg_ver =~ /^(?:PostgreSQL|EnterpriseDB) (\d+)\.(\d+)/) {
			$DB_INFO{major} = $1;
			$DB_INFO{minor} = $2;
		}
	} elsif ($pg_ver =~ /(\d+)\.(\d+)(\.\d+)?/) {
		$DB_INFO{major} = $1;
		$DB_INFO{minor} = $2;
		if ($DB_INFO{major} >= 10) {
			$DB_INFO{minor} = 0;
		} else {
			$DB_INFO{minor} = $2;
		}
	}

	if ($save) {
		my $fhl = IO::File->new("$OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt", 'a');
		if (not defined $fhl) {
			&dprint("FATAL: can not write into file $OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt\n");
			unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: can not write into file $OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt, $!", 1);
		}
		print $fhl "[PGVERSION]\n";
		print $fhl "$pg_ver\n";
		close($fhl);
	}

	return "$DB_INFO{major}.$DB_INFO{minor}";
}

####
# Retrieve installed extension for a given database.
####
sub get_extensions
{
	my $database = shift;

	my $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG = &set_local_psql_command($database);

	my @db_extension = `echo "SELECT extname||'-'||extversion FROM pg_extension;" | $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG`;
	if ($? != 0) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error.", 0);
	}
	chomp(@db_extension);

	return sort @db_extension;
}

####
# Get the list of database that are not template and that allow connction
####
sub get_databases
{

	my @dbs = `echo "SELECT datname FROM pg_database WHERE NOT datistemplate AND datallowconn;" | $PSQL_PROG`;
	if ($? != 0) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error.", 0);
	}
	chomp(@dbs);

	return @dbs;
}

####
# Get postmater uptime
####
sub get_uptime
{
	my $save = shift;

	my $uptime = `echo "SELECT pg_postmaster_start_time();" | $PSQL_PROG`;
	if ($? != 0) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error.", 0);
	}
	chomp($uptime);

	if ($save) {
		my $fhl = IO::File->new("$OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt", 'a');
		if (not defined $fhl) {
			&dprint("FATAL: can not write into file $OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt\n");
			unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: can not write into file $OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt, $!", 1);
		}
		print $fhl "[PGUPTIME]\n";
		print $fhl "$uptime\n";
		close($fhl);
	}
	return $uptime;
}

####
# Get PGDATA path
####
sub get_pgdata_path
{
	my $path = `echo "SELECT setting FROM pg_settings WHERE name='data_directory';" | $PSQL_PROG`;
	if ($? != 0) {
	       unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error.", 0);
	}
	chomp($path);

	return $path;
}


####
# Retrieve schemas for a given database.
####
sub get_schemas
{
	my $database = shift;

	my $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG = &set_local_psql_command($database);

	my @db_schema = `echo "SELECT nspname FROM pg_namespace WHERE nspname !~ '^pg_' AND nspname <> 'information_schema'" | $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG`;
	if ($? != 0) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error.", 0);
	}
	chomp(@db_schema);

	return sort @db_schema;
}

####
# Retrieve JSON vs JSONB columns for a given database.
####
sub get_json_cols
{
	my $database = shift;

	my $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG = &set_local_psql_command($database);

	my @db_json = `echo "SELECT c.relname||'.'||a.attname FROM pg_attribute a JOIN pg_class c ON (a.attrelid=c.relfilenode) WHERE a.atttypid = 114" | $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG`;
	if ($? != 0) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error.", 0);
	}
	chomp(@db_json);

	return sort @db_json;
}


####
## Retrieve partitionned tables from a given database.
####
sub get_partitionned_tables
{
	my $database = shift;

	my $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG = &set_local_psql_command($database);

	# Assume that inherited tables having check constraints are partitions
	my $sql = sprintf(
		  "SELECT p.oid, quote_ident(pn.nspname) || '.' || quote_ident(p.relname),"
		. " quote_ident(cn.nspname) || '.' || quote_ident(c.relname), %s,"
		. " CASE WHEN t.oid IS NOT NULL THEN 'Trigger' WHEN r.oid IS NOT NULL THEN 'Rule' ELSE 'Unknown' END,"
		. " count(*) OVER (PARTITION BY p.oid)"
		. " FROM pg_inherits i"
		. " JOIN pg_class p ON p.oid = i.inhparent"
		. " JOIN pg_namespace pn ON pn.oid = p.relnamespace"
		. " JOIN pg_class c ON c.oid = i.inhrelid"
		. " JOIN pg_namespace cn ON cn.oid = p.relnamespace"
		. " JOIN pg_constraint con ON con.conrelid= c.oid AND con.contype = 'c'"
		. " LEFT JOIN pg_trigger t ON t.tgrelid = p.oid"
		. " LEFT JOIN pg_rewrite r ON r.ev_class = p.oid",
		&backend_minimum_version(12, 0) ? "pg_get_constraintdef(con.oid)" : "con.consrc"
		);

	my @db_parttables = `echo "$ALWAYS_SECURE_SEARCH_PATH_SQL $sql" | $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG`;
	if ($? != 0) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error.", 0);
	}
	chomp(@db_parttables);

	# Return non empty lines
	return grep(!/^\s*$/s, @db_parttables);
}

###
# Retrieve trigger or rules of a specific partitionned table from a given database.
###
sub get_partitionned_implementation
{
	my $database = shift;
	my $oid = shift;

	my $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG = &set_local_psql_command($database);

	my $sql = "SELECT DISTINCT CASE WHEN pro.oid IS NOT NULL THEN pro.prosrc"
		. "   WHEN r.oid IS NOT NULL THEN pg_get_ruledef(r.oid)"
		. "   ELSE 'Unknown' END"
		. " FROM pg_inherits i"
		. " JOIN pg_class p ON p.oid = i.inhparent"
		. " JOIN pg_namespace pn ON pn.oid = p.relnamespace"
		. " LEFT JOIN pg_trigger t ON t.tgrelid = p.oid"
		. " LEFT JOIN pg_proc pro ON pro.oid = t.tgfoid"
		. " LEFT JOIN pg_rewrite r ON r.ev_class = p.oid"
		. " WHERE p.oid = $oid";

	my @db_parttables = `echo "$sql" | $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG`;
	if ($? != 0) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error.", 0);
	}
	chomp(@db_parttables);

	# Return non empty lines
	return grep(!/^\s*$/s, @db_parttables);
}

####
# Check if the database have the pg_buffercache extension
####
sub has_pg_buffercache
{

	my $hasit = `echo "SELECT proname FROM pg_proc WHERE proname = 'pg_buffercache_pages';" | $PSQL_PROG`;
	if ($? != 0) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error.", 0);
	}
	chomp($hasit);
	if (!$hasit) {
		&dprint("WARNING: you ask for pg_buffercache reports but pg_buffercache extention is not installed in the connection database. See -d option to set the startup connection database.\n");
	}

	return $hasit;
}


####
# Check if the database have the pg_stat_statements extension
####
sub has_pgstatstatements
{

	my $hasit = `echo "SELECT n.nspname||'.'||p.proname FROM pg_proc p, pg_namespace n, pg_settings s WHERE p.proname='pg_stat_statements' AND p.pronamespace=n.oid AND s.name='shared_preload_libraries' AND s.setting LIKE '%pg_stat_statements%';" | $PSQL_PROG`;
	if ($? != 0) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error.", 0);
	}
	chomp($hasit);

	return $hasit;
}

####
# Check if the database have the pg_subxact_counters extension
####
sub has_pgsubxactcounters
{

	my $hasit = `echo "SELECT n.nspname||'.'||p.proname FROM pg_proc p, pg_namespace n, pg_settings s WHERE p.proname='pg_subxact_counters' AND p.pronamespace=n.oid AND s.name='shared_preload_libraries' AND s.setting LIKE '%pg_subxact_counters%';" | $PSQL_PROG`;
	if ($? != 0) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error.", 0);
	}
	chomp($hasit);

	return $hasit;
}


sub is_superuser
{
	my $usr = shift;

	# Assume it is superuser per default. In any case this will raise a psql error.
	return 1 if (!$usr);

	$DB_INFO{is_superuser} = `echo "SELECT 1 FROM pg_user WHERE usename='$usr' AND usesuper" | $PSQL_PROG`;
	chomp($DB_INFO{is_superuser});
	# If not super user look if the user has pg_monitor role
	if (!$DB_INFO{is_superuser} && &backend_minimum_version(10, 0))
	{
		$DB_INFO{is_superuser} = `echo "SELECT 1 from pg_catalog.pg_auth_members m JOIN pg_catalog.pg_roles r ON (m.member = r.oid) WHERE m.member='$usr'::regrole AND m.roleid = 'pg_monitor'::regrole" | $PSQL_PROG`;
		chomp($DB_INFO{is_superuser});
	}

	return $DB_INFO{is_superuser};

}

sub sysstat_version
{
	my $ver = 0;
	if (!$DISABLE_SAR) {
		my $ver_command = "LC_ALL=C $SAR_PROG -V 2>&1";
		$ver_command = $sshcmd . ' "' . $ver_command . '"' if ($sshcmd) ;
		$ver = `$ver_command | grep "sysstat version"`;
		if ($?) {
			&dprint("ERROR: $SAR_PROG execution failure: $!\n");
			$ver = 0;
		} elsif ($ver =~ m!^sysstat version ([\.\d]+)!) {
			$ver = $1;
		}
	}
	return $ver;
}

sub grab_os_information
{
	my $out_dir = shift();

	# Look at CPU informations
	my $cmd = 'cat /proc/cpuinfo 2>/dev/null';
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	my @cpuinfo = `$cmd | grep -E "model name|cpu MHz|cache size|cpu cores|processor"`;
	# Look at kernel informations
	$cmd = 'uname -a  2>/dev/null';
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	my $kernel_info = `$cmd`;
	# Look at memory informations
	$cmd = 'cat /proc/meminfo 2>/dev/null';
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	my @meminfo = `$cmd`;
	if ($out_dir) {
		my ($commit_limit) = grep(/^CommitLimit:/, @meminfo);
		my ($commit_as) = grep(/^Committed_AS:/, @meminfo);
		if ($commit_limit and $commit_as ne '' and open(my $outf, '>>', "$out_dir/commit_memory.csv")) {
			my $cdate = time();
			$commit_limit =~ s/[^\d]+(\d+)[^\d]+/$1/;
			$commit_as =~ s/[^\d]+(\d+)[^\d]+/$1/;
			print $outf "$cdate;$commit_limit;$commit_as\n";
			close($outf);
		}
	}
	# Look at filesystem informations
	$cmd = 'df -h | grep -v "/dev/loop" 2>/dev/null';
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	my @dfinfo = `$cmd`;
	# Mount informations
	$cmd = 'mount -l  | grep -v "squashfs" 2>/dev/null';
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	my @mountinfo = `$cmd`;
	# Fstab informations
	$cmd = 'cat /etc/fstab 2>/dev/null';
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	my @fstabinfo = `$cmd | grep -v "^#"`;
	# PCI information
	$cmd = 'lspci 2>/dev/null';
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	my @pciinfo = `$cmd`;
	# Release informations
	$cmd = 'cat /etc/*release 2>/dev/null';
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	my @releaseinfo = `$cmd`;
	# Process list
	$cmd = 'ps -faux 2>/dev/null';
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	my @pslist = `$cmd`;
	# System kernel tuning parameters
	$cmd = '/sbin/sysctl -a 2>/dev/null';
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	my @system = `$cmd | grep -E "vm.nr_hugepages |vm.nr_overcommit_hugepages|vm.overcommit|vm.dirty_.*(ratio|bytes|kbytes)|swappiness|zone_reclaim_mode|shmmax|shmall|sched_autogroup_enabled|sched_migration_cost|keepalive"`;

	my $fhl = IO::File->new("$OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt.tmp", 'a');
	if (not defined $fhl) {
		&dprint("FATAL: can not write into file $OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt\n");
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: can not write into file $OUT_DIR/sysinfo.txt, $!", 1);
	}
	$cmd = 'cat /sys/kernel/mm/*transparent_hugepage/enabled 2>/dev/null';
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	my $ret = `$cmd`;
	if ($ret ne '')
	{
		push(@system, "/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled: " . $ret);
		$cmd = 'cat /sys/kernel/mm/*transparent_hugepage/defrag 2>/dev/null';
		$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
		$ret = `$cmd`;
		push(@system, "/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag: " . $ret);
		$cmd = 'cat /sys/kernel/mm/*transparent_hugepage/khugepaged/defrag 2>/dev/null';
		$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
		$ret = `$cmd`;
		push(@system, "/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/khugepaged/defrag: " . $ret);
	}
	$cmd = "cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor 2>/dev/null | grep -E 'performance|powersave|userspace|ondemand|conservative|schedutil'";
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	$ret = `$cmd`;
	if ($ret ne '') {
		push(@system, "scaling_governor: " . $ret);
	}
	# Since kernel 5.19, the migration cost is define in a file, /sys/kernel/debug
	# must be readable by the user running pgcluu_collectd
	if (!grep(/sched_migration_cost/, @system)) {
		$cmd = 'cat /sys/kernel/debug/sched/migration_cost_ns 2>/dev/null';
		$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
		$ret = `$cmd`;
		chomp($ret);
		push(@system, "/sys/kernel/debug/sched/migration_cost_ns: " . $ret) if ($ret ne '');
	}

	# Look at block devices informations
	my @devices;
	$cmd = 'ls /sys/block/ | grep -v "^loop"';
	foreach my $device ( `$cmd` )
	{
		my @row;
		chomp($device);
		push(@row , 'Device : ' . $device . "\n");
		# Fetch scheduler setting
		$cmd = 'cat /sys/block/' . $device . '/queue/scheduler 2>/dev/null';
		my $ret = `$cmd`;
		push(@row , '/queue/scheduler : ' . $ret) if ($ret);
		# Fetch add_random setting
		$cmd = 'cat /sys/block/' . $device . '/queue/add_random 2>/dev/null';
		$ret = `$cmd`;
		push(@row , '/queue/add_random : ' . $ret) if ($ret);
		# Fetch rq_affinity setting
		$cmd = 'cat /sys/block/' . $device . '/queue/rq_affinity 2>/dev/null';
		$ret = `$cmd`;
		push(@row , '/queue/rq_affinity : ' . $ret) if ($ret);
		# Fetch rotational setting
		$cmd = 'cat /sys/block/' . $device . '/queue/rotational 2>/dev/null';
		$ret = `$cmd`;
		push(@row , '/queue/rotational : ' . $ret) if ($ret);
		push(@devices, @row);
	}
	print $fhl "[DEVICES]\n";
	print $fhl @devices;
	# Look at uptime informations
	$cmd = 'uptime 2>/dev/null';
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	my $uptime = `$cmd`;
	# Get crontab information
	$cmd = "crontab -u $CRONUSER -l 2>/dev/null";
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	my @crontab = `$cmd`;
	# Get package installation information
	my @installation = ();

	# Autodetect package listing command to use
	if (!$PKG_LIST_PROG) {
		my @ret = `which rpm dpkg 2>/dev/null`;
		chomp(@ret);
		foreach my $c (@ret) {
			$PKG_LIST_PROG = "$c -qa " if ($c =~ /\/rpm/);
			$PKG_LIST_PROG = "$c -l " if ($c =~ /\/dpkg/);
		}
	}
	$cmd = "$PKG_LIST_PROG 2>/dev/null | grep postgres";
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	@installation = `$cmd`;

	# Get all file status from PGDATA directory
	my $pgdata = &get_pgdata_path();
	$cmd = "ls -la $pgdata/ 2>/dev/null";
	$cmd = $sshcmd . ' "' . $cmd . "\"" if ($sshcmd);
	my @list_pgdatafiles = `$cmd`;

	print $fhl "[CPU]\n";
	print $fhl @cpuinfo;
	print $fhl "[KERNEL]\n";
	print $fhl $kernel_info;
	print $fhl "[UPTIME]\n";
	print $fhl $uptime;
	print $fhl "[MEMORY]\n";
	print $fhl @meminfo;
	print $fhl "[DF]\n";
	print $fhl @dfinfo;
	print $fhl "[MOUNT]\n";
	print $fhl @mountinfo;
	print $fhl "[FSTAB]\n";
	print $fhl @fstabinfo;
	print $fhl "[PCI]\n";
	print $fhl @pciinfo;
	print $fhl "[RELEASE]\n";
	print $fhl @releaseinfo;
	print $fhl "[SYSTEM]\n";
	print $fhl @system;
	print $fhl "[PROCESS]\n";
	print $fhl @pslist;
	print $fhl "[CRONTAB]\n";
	print $fhl @crontab;
	print $fhl "[INSTALLATION]\n";
	print $fhl @installation;
	print $fhl "[PGDATA]\n";
	print $fhl @list_pgdatafiles;

	close($fhl);
}

sub usage
{
    print qq{
usage: $PROGRAM [options] output_dir

	output_dir: full path to directory where pgcluu_collectd will
		    store statistics.

options:

  -B, --enable-buffercache enable buffercache statistics if pg_buffercache
			   extension is installed.
  -c, --capture            create a snapshot of the PostgreSQL installation
                           into tmp/pgcluu_capture.tar.gz.
  -C, --end-counter=NUM    terminate program after NUM reports.
  -d, --dbname=DATABASE    database name to connect to. Default to current user.
  -D, --daemonize          detach from console and enter in daemon mode.
  -E, --end-after=NUM      self terminate the program after a given number of
                           seconds. Can be written: 7200 or 120M or 2H, for
			   days use 7D for example to stop collecting data
			   after seven days.
  -f, --pid-file=FILE      path to pid file. Default: $PIDFILE.
  -h, --host=HOSTNAME      database server host or socket directory
  -i, --interval=NUM       time to wait between runs
  -k, --kill		   stop current $PROGRAM running daemon.
  -m, --metric=METRIC      set a coma separated list of metrics to perform.
  -M, --max-size=SIZE      self terminate program when the size of the output
                           directory exceed a given size. Can be written: 2GB
                           or 2000MB.
  -n, --no-pg_stats-dump   don't collect statistics from the pg_stats view.
  -p, --port=PORT          database port(s) to connect to. Defaults to 5432.
  -P, --psql=BIN           path to the psql command. Default: $PSQL_PROG.
  -Q, --no-statement       do not collect statistics from pg_stat_statements.
  -r, --rotate-daily       force daily rotation of data files.
  -R, --rotate-hourly      force hourly rotation of data files.
  -s, --sar=BIN            path to sar sysstat command. Default: $SAR_PROG.
  -S, --disable-sar        disable collect of system statistics with sar.
  -t, --lock-timeout=NUM   terminate metric SQL query after N second in case it
                           wait too much time because of a lock. Default: 3
  -T, --no-tablespace      disable lookup at tablespace when the connect user
			   is not superuser to avoid printing an error message.
  -U, --dbuser=USERNAME    database user to connect as. Default to current user.
  -v, --verbose            Print out debug informations.
  -V, --version            Show pgcluu_collectd version and exit.
  -w, --no-waitevent       don't collect wait event stats from pg_wait_sampling.
  -W, --password=pass      database password.
  -z, --compress           force compression of rotated data files.
  --included-db=DATABASE   collect statistics only for those databases present
                           in a comma separated list of database names.
  --list-metric            list available metrics actions that can be performed.
  --sysinfo                get operating system infos and exit (sysinfo.txt).
  --no-sysinfo             do not collect operating system information at all.
  --no-database            do not collect database statistics at all.
  --pgbouncer-args=OPTIONS Option to used to connect to the pgbouncer system
			   database. Ex: -p 6432 -U postgres -h 192.168.1.100
                           You must at least give one parameter to enable
                           pgbouncer monitoring.
  --sar-file=FILE          path to sar output data file for sysstat stats
                           Default to output_dir/sar_stats.dat.
  --stat-type all|user     Set stats tables to read. Values: 'all' or 'user' to
			   look at pg_stat_(all|user) tables. Default: user.
  --pgversion X.Y          force the PostgreSQL version to the given value.
  --pgservice NAME         Name of service inside of the pg_service.conf file.
  --exclude-time RANGE     exclude a laps of time by giving the start and end
			   hours.
  --cron-user=USERNAME     collect crontab settings for the given username (in
                           this case pgcluu_collectd need to be run as root).
                           Default is to use USERNAME environment variable or
                           postgres when it is not defined.
  --package-list=CMD       command to list PostgreSQL packages. Default is to
                           autodetect package type and using command 'rpm -qa'
                           or 'dpkg -l'. If you have an other system you can
                           set a custom command. A filter on keyword 'postgres'
			   is appended to the command: ' | grep postgres'.
  --retention NDAYS        number of rolling days to keep in data directory in
                           incremental mode. Default is to store indefinitely.
  --disable-pidstat        do not collect metrics from pidstat command.
  --help                   print usage

Use those options to execute sar on the remote host defined by the -h option,
otherwise it will be executed locally:

  --enable-ssh             activate the use of ssh to run sysstat remotely.
  --ssh-program ssh        path to the ssh program to use. Default: ssh.
  --ssh-user username      connection login name. Default to running user.
  --ssh-identity file      path to the identity file to use.
  --ssh-timeout second     timeout to ssh connection failure. Default 10.
  --ssh-options  options   list of -o options to use for the ssh connection.
			   Options always used:
			     -o ConnectTimeout=\$ssh_timeout
			     -o PreferredAuthentications=hostbased,publickey

For example, as postgres user to monitor locally a full PostgreSQL cluster:

  mkdir /tmp/stat_db1/
  pgcluu_collectd -D -i 60 /tmp/stat_db1/

to collect statistics from pgbouncer too, and limit database statistics to a
single database:

  pgcluu_collectd -D -i 60 /tmp/stat_db1/ -h 10.10.1.1 -U postgres -d mydb \
		--pgbouncer-args='-p 5342'

to disable statistics collect between 22:30 and 06:30 the next day:

  pgcluu_collectd -D -i 60 /tmp/stat_db1/ --exclude-time "22:30-06:30"

to collect statistics from a remote server:

    pgcluu_collectd -D -i 60 /tmp/statdb1/ -h 10.0.0.1 -U postgres --disable-sar

the same but with collecting system statistics using remote sar calls:

  pgcluu_collectd -D -i 60 /tmp/statdb1/ -h 10.0.0.1 -U postgres --enable-ssh \
	--ssh-user postgres --ssh-identity /var/lib/postgresql/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

You may need a .pgpass and be able to establish passwordless ssh connections to
be able to collect statistics from remote hosts.

Then after some time and activities on the database, stop the daemon as follow:

  pgcluu_collectd -k

or by sending sigterm to the pgcluu_collectd's pid.

You can run the collector in incremental mode using a daily or a hourly
statistics rotation:

  pgcluu_collectd -D -i 60 /tmp/stat_db1/ --rotate-daily

On a server with huge activity you may want to use --rotate-hourly and
compression mode with --compress option. If you have limited disk space you
can restrict the retention time of statistics files using option --retention
with the storage day limit.

};
    exit 1;
}

sub dprint
{
	foreach (@_) {
		next if (/^DEBUG:/s && !$DEBUG);
		print "$_"
	}
}

# Compare given major and minor numbers to the one of the connected server
sub backend_minimum_version
{
	my ($major, $minor) = @_;

	return if ($major eq '');
	return if ($minor eq '');

	return ($DB_INFO{major} > $major) || (($DB_INFO{major} == $major) && ($DB_INFO{minor} >= $minor));
}

sub dump_pgstatactivity
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), datid, datname, %s, " .
		"usesysid, usename, %s%s%s%s%s" .
		"date_trunc('seconds', query_start) AS query_start, " .
		"%s%s%s " .
		"FROM pg_stat_activity %s",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 2) ? "pid" : "procpid",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 0) ? "application_name, " : "",
		&backend_minimum_version(8, 1) ? "client_addr, " : "",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 1) ? "client_hostname, " : "",
		&backend_minimum_version(8, 1) ? "client_port, date_trunc('seconds', backend_start) AS backend_start, " : "",
		&backend_minimum_version(8, 3) ? "date_trunc('seconds', xact_start) AS xact_start, " : "",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 2) ? "state_change, " : "",
		&backend_minimum_version(8, 2) ? "waiting, " : "",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 2) ? "query" : "current_query",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 0) ? "WHERE application_name != 'pgcluu' " : "",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 2) ? "pid" : "procpid"
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstatbgwriter
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), checkpoints_timed, " .
		"checkpoints_req, %sbuffers_checkpoint, buffers_clean, " .
		"maxwritten_clean, buffers_backend, %sbuffers_alloc%s " .
		"FROM pg_stat_bgwriter ",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 2) ? "checkpoint_write_time, checkpoint_sync_time, " : "",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 1) ? "buffers_backend_fsync, " : "",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 1) ? ", date_trunc('seconds', stats_reset) AS stats_reset " : ""
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstatdatabase
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), datid, datname, " .
		"numbackends, xact_commit, xact_rollback, blks_read, blks_hit" .
		"%s%s%s%s " .
		"FROM pg_stat_database ",
		&backend_minimum_version(8, 3) ? ", tup_returned, tup_fetched, tup_inserted, tup_updated, tup_deleted" : "",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 1) ? ", conflicts, date_trunc('seconds', stats_reset) AS stats_reset" : "",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 2) ? ", temp_files, temp_bytes, deadlocks" : "",
		&backend_minimum_version(17, 0) ? ", shared_blk_read_time, shared_blk_write_time" : ", blk_read_time, blk_write_time"
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgtablespace_size
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), spcname, " .
		"pg_tablespace_size(spcname), " .
		"CASE WHEN %s = '' THEN CASE WHEN spcname = 'pg_default' THEN (select setting from pg_settings where name='data_directory')||'/base' ELSE (select setting from pg_settings where name='data_directory')||'/global' END ELSE %s END as tablespace_location " .
		"FROM pg_tablespace ",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 2) ? "pg_tablespace_location(oid)" : "spclocation",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 2) ? "pg_tablespace_location(oid)" : "spclocation"
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstatdatabaseconflicts
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), * " .
		"FROM pg_stat_database_conflicts "
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstatreplication
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), %s, usesysid, usename, " .
		"application_name, client_addr, client_hostname, client_port, " .
		"date_trunc('seconds', backend_start) AS backend_start, state, " .
		"(CASE WHEN pg_is_in_recovery() THEN NULL ELSE %s END) AS master_location, " .
		"%s, %s, %s, %s, " .
		"sync_priority, " .
		"sync_state " .
		"FROM pg_stat_replication ",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 2) ? "pid" : "procpid",
		&backend_minimum_version(10, 0) ? "pg_current_wal_lsn()" : "pg_current_xlog_location()",
		&backend_minimum_version(10, 0) ? "sent_lsn" : "sent_location",
		&backend_minimum_version(10, 0) ? "write_lsn" : "write_location",
		&backend_minimum_version(10, 0) ? "flush_lsn" : "flush_location",
		&backend_minimum_version(10, 0) ? "replay_lsn" : "replay_location"
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstattables_user { return dump_pgstattables('user'); };

sub dump_pgstattables
{
	my $type = shift;

	$type ||= 'all';

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), relid, schemaname, relname, " .
		"seq_scan, seq_tup_read, idx_scan, idx_tup_fetch, n_tup_ins, " .
		"n_tup_upd, n_tup_del" .
		"%s" .
		"%s" .
		"%s" .
		" FROM pg_stat_${type}_tables " .
		"WHERE schemaname <> 'information_schema' ",
		&backend_minimum_version(8, 3) ? ", n_tup_hot_upd, n_live_tup, n_dead_tup" : "",
		&backend_minimum_version(8, 2) ? ", date_trunc('seconds', last_vacuum) AS last_vacuum, date_trunc('seconds', last_autovacuum) AS last_autovacuum, date_trunc('seconds',last_analyze) AS last_analyze, date_trunc('seconds',last_autoanalyze) AS last_autoanalyze" : "",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 1) ? ", vacuum_count, autovacuum_count, analyze_count, autoanalyze_count" : ""
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pg_stats_view
{
	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), schemaname, tablename, attname, " .
		"%s" .
		"null_frac, avg_width, n_distinct, " .
		"most_common_vals, most_common_freqs, " .
		"histogram_bounds, correlation" .
		" FROM pg_stats " .
		"WHERE schemaname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema')",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 0) ? "inherited, " : "",
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstatindexes_user { return dump_pgstatindexes('user'); };

sub dump_pgstatindexes
{
	my $type = shift;

	$type ||= 'all';

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), * " .
		"FROM pg_stat_${type}_indexes " .
		"WHERE schemaname <> 'information_schema' ",
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstatiotables_user { return dump_pgstatiotables('user'); };

sub dump_pgstatiotables
{
	my $type = shift;

	$type ||= 'all';

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), * " .
		"FROM pg_statio_${type}_tables " .
		"WHERE schemaname <> 'information_schema' "
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstatioindexes_user { return dump_pgstatioindexes('user'); };

sub dump_pgstatioindexes
{
	my $type = shift;

	$type ||= 'all';

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), * " .
		"FROM pg_statio_${type}_indexes " .
		"WHERE schemaname <> 'information_schema' "
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstatiosequences_user { return dump_pgstatiosequences('user'); };

sub dump_pgstatiosequences
{
	my $type = shift;

	$type ||= 'all';

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), * " .
		"FROM pg_statio_${type}_sequences " .
		"WHERE schemaname <> 'information_schema' "
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstatuserfunctions
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), * " .
		"FROM pg_stat_user_functions " .
		"WHERE schemaname <> 'information_schema' "
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgclass_size
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), n.nspname, c.relname, c.relkind, c.reltuples, c.relpages%s " .
		"FROM pg_class c, pg_namespace n " .
		"WHERE n.oid=c.relnamespace AND n.nspname <> 'information_schema' AND n.nspname <> 'pg_catalog' ",
		($CAPTURE && &backend_minimum_version(8, 1)) ? ", pg_relation_size(c.oid)" : ""
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstatstatements
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), r.rolname, d.datname, " .
		"regexp_replace(regexp_replace(query, E'[ \\n]+', ' ', 'g'), E';', '#SMCLN#', 'g'), calls, %s, rows, " .
		"shared_blks_hit, shared_blks_read, shared_blks_written, " .
		"local_blks_hit, local_blks_read, local_blks_written, " .
		"temp_blks_read, temp_blks_written " .
		"FROM $DB_INFO{pg_stat_statement} q, pg_database d, pg_roles r " .
		"WHERE q.userid=r.oid and q.dbid=d.oid ",
		&backend_minimum_version(13, 0) ? "(total_plan_time + total_exec_time) as total_time " : "total_time"
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgwaitsampling
{

	my $sql = "SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), " .
			"event_type, event, SUM(count) " .
			"FROM public.pg_wait_sampling_profile " .
			"WHERE event IS NOT NULL " .
			"GROUP BY event_type, event";

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgsubxactcounters
{

	my $sql = "SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), " .
			"subxact_start, subxact_commit, subxact_abort, subxact_overflow " .
			"FROM public.pg_subxact_counters ";

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_xlog_stat
{

	my $sql = '';

	if (&backend_minimum_version(8, 4)) {
		$sql = sprintf(
			"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), count(*) AS num_file, " .
		        "(CASE WHEN pg_is_in_recovery() THEN '-'::text ELSE %s END) AS current, " .
			"sum(is_recycled::int) AS is_recycled, " .
			"sum((NOT is_recycled)::int) AS written, " .
			"%s " .
			"FROM ( " .
			"SELECT file > first_value(file) OVER w AS is_recycled " .
			"%s " .
			"FROM %s as file " .
			"WHERE %s ~ '^[0-9A-F]{24}\$' " .
			"WINDOW w AS ( " .
			"ORDER BY %s.modification " .
			"DESC " .
			") " .
			") AS t " .
			"GROUP BY 6 ",
			&backend_minimum_version(10, 0) ? "pg_walfile_name(pg_current_wal_lsn())" : "pg_xlogfile_name(pg_current_xlog_location())",
			&backend_minimum_version(9, 5) ? "max_wal" : &backend_minimum_version(9, 0) ? "CASE WHEN max_wal1 > max_wal2 THEN max_wal1 ELSE max_wal2 END AS max_wal" : "1 + ( current_setting('checkpoint_segments')::float4 * ( 2 + current_setting('checkpoint_completion_target')::float4 )) AS max_wal",
			&backend_minimum_version(9, 5) ? ",(select setting from pg_settings where name = 'max_wal_size')::float4 AS max_wal" : &backend_minimum_version(9, 0) ? ",1 + ( current_setting('checkpoint_segments')::float4 * ( 2 + current_setting('checkpoint_completion_target')::float4 )) AS max_wal1, 1 + current_setting('wal_keep_segments')::float4 + current_setting('checkpoint_segments')::float4 AS max_wal2" : "",
			&backend_minimum_version(10, 0) ? "pg_ls_waldir()" : "pg_ls_dir('pg_xlog')",
			&backend_minimum_version(10, 0) ? "file.name" : "file",
			&backend_minimum_version(10, 0) ? "file" : "(pg_stat_file('pg_xlog/'||file))" 
		);
	} else {
		$sql = sprintf(
			"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), count(*) AS num_file, " .
		        "(CASE WHEN pg_is_in_recovery() THEN '-'::text ELSE %s END) AS current, " .
			"sum(recycled::int) AS is_recycled, " .
			"sum((NOT recycled)::int) AS written, " .
			"%s " .
			"FROM ( " .
			"SELECT file, file > ( " .
			"SELECT s.f " .
			"FROM %s AS s(f) " .
			"ORDER BY %s.modification DESC " .
			"LIMIT 1 " .
			") AS recycled " .
			"FROM %s AS file " .
			"WHERE %s ~ '^[0-9A-F]{24}\$' " .
			") AS t  ",
			&backend_minimum_version(10, 0) ? "pg_walfile_name(pg_current_wal_lsn())" : &backend_minimum_version(8, 2) ? "pg_xlogfile_name(pg_current_xlog_location())" : "'-'::text",
			&backend_minimum_version(8, 3) ? "1 + ( current_setting('checkpoint_segments')::float4 * ( 2 + current_setting('checkpoint_completion_target')::float4 ))" : "1 + (current_setting('checkpoint_segments')::integer * 2)",
			&backend_minimum_version(10, 0) ? "pg_ls_waldir()" : "pg_ls_dir('pg_xlog')",
			&backend_minimum_version(10, 0) ? "file" : "(pg_stat_file('pg_xlog/'||file))" ,
			&backend_minimum_version(10, 0) ? "pg_ls_waldir()" : "pg_ls_dir('pg_xlog')",
			&backend_minimum_version(10, 0) ? "file.name" : "file"
		);
	}

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgdatabase_size
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), datid, datname, pg_database_size(datid) AS size " .
		"FROM pg_stat_database WHERE datid > 0"
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstatconnections
{

	my $waiting = '';
	if (&backend_minimum_version(9, 6)) {
		#$waiting = "coalesce(SUM((wait_event_type IS NOT NULL)::integer), 0)";
		$waiting = "coalesce(SUM((wait_event_type='Lock' AND wait_event='tuple')::integer), 0)";
	} else {
		&backend_minimum_version(8, 2) ? $waiting = "coalesce(SUM(waiting::integer), 0)" : $waiting = "0::integer";
	}
	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), COUNT(*) AS total, coalesce(SUM((%s)::integer), 0) AS active, " .
		"%s AS waiting, " .
		"coalesce(SUM((%s)::integer), 0) AS idle_in_xact, pg_database.datname AS datname " .
		"FROM pg_stat_activity JOIN pg_database ON (pg_database.oid=pg_stat_activity.datid) " .
		"WHERE %s <> pg_backend_pid() GROUP BY pg_database.datname" ,
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 2) ? "state NOT LIKE 'idle%'" : "current_query NOT IN ('<IDLE>','<IDLE> in transaction')",
		$waiting,
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 2) ? "state = 'idle in transaction'" : "current_query = '<IDLE> in transaction'",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 2) ? "pid" : "procpid" ,
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstatlocktypes
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), 'lock_type'::text as label, " .
		"locktype, count(locktype) as count " .
		"FROM pg_locks GROUP BY locktype"
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstatlockmodes
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), 'lock_mode'::text as label, " .
		"mode, count(mode) as count " .
		"FROM pg_locks GROUP BY mode"
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstatlockgranted
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), 'lock_granted'::text as label, " .
		"granted, count(granted) as count " .
		"FROM pg_locks GROUP BY granted"
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgbouncerpoolstats
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SHOW POOLS"
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgbouncerquerystats
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SHOW STATS"
	);

	return $sql;
}



sub get_current_timestamp
{

	my ($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday,$yday,$isdst) = localtime(time);

	$year += 1900;
	$mon++;

	return $year . '-' . sprintf("%02d", $mon) . '-' . sprintf("%02d", $mday) . ' ' .
		 sprintf("%02d", $hour) . ':' . sprintf("%02d", $min) . ':' . sprintf("%02d", $sec);
}

sub dump_pgstatxactuserfunctions
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), * " .
		"FROM pg_stat_xact_user_functions " .
		"WHERE schemaname <> 'information_schema' "
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub dump_pgstatxacttables_user { return dump_pgstatxacttables('user'); };

sub dump_pgstatxacttables
{
	my $type = shift;

	$type ||= 'all';

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), * " .
		"FROM pg_stat_xact_${type}_tables " .
		"WHERE schemaname <> 'information_schema' "
	);

	return $sql;
}

sub get_proc_name
{
	my $database = shift;

	my $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG = &set_local_psql_command($database);

	my @db_proc = `echo "SELECT n.nspname||'.'||p.proname FROM pg_proc p, pg_namespace n WHERE p.pronamespace=n.oid AND n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema');" | $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG`;
	if ($? != 0) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error.", 0);
	}
	chomp(@db_proc);

	return @db_proc;

}

sub set_local_psql_command
{
	my $database = shift;

	my $local_psql_prog = $PSQL_PROG;

	$local_psql_prog =~ s/-d\s*[^\s]+//;
	if ($database !~ /^[a-z0-9\_\-]+$/i) {
		$local_psql_prog .= " -d '$database'";
	} else {
		$local_psql_prog .= " -d $database";
	}

	return $local_psql_prog;
}

sub get_proc_count
{
	my $database = shift;

	my $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG = &set_local_psql_command($database);

	my $db_proc = `echo "SELECT count(p.proname) FROM pg_proc p, pg_namespace n WHERE p.pronamespace=n.oid AND n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema');" | $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG`;
	if ($? != 0) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error.", 0);
	}
	chomp($db_proc);

	return $db_proc;
}


####
# Retrieve user triggers count for a given database.
####
sub get_triggers
{
	my $database = shift;

	# we can only detect internal triggers since pg 9.0
	return 0 if (! &backend_minimum_version(9,0));

	my $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG = &set_local_psql_command($database);

	my $db_trigger = `echo "SELECT count(tgname) FROM pg_trigger WHERE NOT tgisinternal;" | $LOCAL_PSQL_PROG`;
	if ($? != 0) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error.", 0);
	}
	chomp($db_trigger);

	return $db_trigger;
}

####
# Get unused indexes in a database
####
sub dump_unusedindexes
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), " .
		"schemaname, relname, indexrelname, regexp_replace(pg_get_indexdef(pg_stat_user_indexes.indexrelid), E'[\\\\n\\\\r]+', ' ', 'g') " .
		"FROM pg_stat_user_indexes " .
		"INNER JOIN pg_index ON pg_index.indexrelid = pg_stat_user_indexes.indexrelid " .
		"WHERE NOT indexrelname ILIKE 'fki%%' " .
		"AND NOT indisprimary " .
		"AND NOT indisunique AND idx_scan = 0 " .
		(&backend_minimum_version(9,1) ? "AND NOT indisexclusion " : "")
	);

	return $sql;
}

####
# Get redundant indexes in a database
####
sub dump_redundantindexes
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), " .
		"regexp_replace(pg_get_indexdef(indexrelid), E'[\\\\n\\\\r]+', ' ', 'g') AS contained, " .
		"regexp_replace(pg_get_indexdef(index_backward), E'[\\\\n\\\\r]+', ' ', 'g') AS container " .
		"FROM " .
		"( " .
		"  SELECT indexrelid, " .
		"    indrelid, " .
		"    array_to_string(indkey,'+') AS colindex, " .
		"    indisunique AS is_unique, " .
		"    lag(array_to_string(indkey,'+')) OVER search_window AS colindexbackward, " .
		"    lag(indexrelid) OVER search_window AS index_backward, " .
		"    lag(indisunique) OVER search_window AS is_unique_backward " .
		"  FROM pg_index " .
		"    WINDOW search_window AS (PARTITION BY indrelid " .
		"    ORDER BY array_to_string(indkey,'+') DESC, length(regexp_replace(pg_get_indexdef(indexrelid), E'[\\n\\r]+', ' ', 'g')))" .
		") AS tmp " .
		"WHERE (colindexbackward LIKE (colindex || '+%') OR colindexbackward = colindex) " .
		"  AND (is_unique_backward <> is_unique OR (not is_unique_backward AND NOT is_unique)) " .
		"  AND NOT is_unique AND %s",
		&backend_minimum_version(10,0) ? 
		"  coalesce(regexp_match(pg_get_indexdef(indexrelid), ' (WHERE .*)')::text, 'A') = coalesce(regexp_match(pg_get_indexdef(index_backward), ' (WHERE .*)')::text, 'A')" : 
		"  coalesce((SELECT (regexp_matches(pg_get_indexdef(indexrelid), ' (WHERE .*)'))[1])::text, 'A') = coalesce((SELECT (regexp_matches(pg_get_indexdef(index_backward), ' (WHERE .*)'))[1])::text, 'A')"
	);

	return $sql;
}

####
# Get invalid indexes in a database
####
sub dump_invalidindexes
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), " .
		"schemaname, relname, indexrelname, regexp_replace(pg_get_indexdef(pg_stat_user_indexes.indexrelid), E'[\\\\n\\\\r]+', ' ', 'g') " .
		"FROM pg_stat_user_indexes " .
		"INNER JOIN pg_index ON pg_index.indexrelid = pg_stat_user_indexes.indexrelid " .
		"WHERE NOT pg_index.indisvalid "
	);

	return $sql;
}

####
# Get hash indexes in a database
####
sub dump_hashindexes
{

        my $sql =
		"WITH indexes AS ( " .
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), " .
		"schemaname,relname, indexrelname, " .
		"regexp_replace(pg_get_indexdef(pg_stat_user_indexes.indexrelid), E'[\\\\n\\\\r]+', ' ', 'g') as indexdef " .
		"FROM pg_stat_user_indexes " .
		"INNER JOIN pg_index ON pg_index.indexrelid = pg_stat_user_indexes.indexrelid)" .
		"SELECT * from indexes where indexdef like '%%USING hash (%' ";
        return $sql;
}

####
# Get table without indexes
####
sub dump_count_indexes
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), " .
		"pg_stat_user_tables.schemaname, pg_stat_user_tables.relname, " .
		"count(pg_stat_user_indexes.indexrelid) as number_of_indexes " .
		"FROM pg_stat_user_tables " .
		"lEFT JOIN pg_stat_user_indexes ON pg_stat_user_indexes.schemaname = pg_stat_user_tables.schemaname " .
		"AND pg_stat_user_indexes.relname = pg_stat_user_tables.relname " .
		"GROUP BY pg_stat_user_tables.schemaname, pg_stat_user_tables.relname "
	);

	return $sql;
}

####
# Get unused trigger function in a database
####
sub dump_unusedtrigfunc
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), " .
		"c.nspname, a.proname " .
		"FROM pg_proc a JOIN pg_type b ON a.prorettype = b.oid " .
		"JOIN pg_namespace c ON a.pronamespace = c.oid " .
		"WHERE %s " .
		"AND b.typname = 'trigger' AND c.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'information_schema') " .
		"AND a.proname NOT IN (SELECT funcname FROM pg_stat_user_functions) ",
		(&backend_minimum_version(11, 0) ? "a.prokind = 'f'" : " NOT a.proiswindow AND NOT a.proisagg")
	);

	return $sql;
}

####
# Get PostgreSQL settings
####
sub dump_pgsettings
{

	my $lto = $LOCK_TIMEOUT*1000;
	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), category, name, " .
		" (CASE WHEN name = 'lock_timeout' THEN (setting::bigint-$lto)::text ELSE setting END) as setting," .
	        " %s, context, source, %s, %s, %s " .
		"FROM pg_settings ",
		&backend_minimum_version(8, 2) ? "unit" : "''::text as unit",
		&backend_minimum_version(8, 4) ? "boot_val" : "''::text as boot_val",
		&backend_minimum_version(8, 4) ? "(CASE WHEN name = 'lock_timeout' THEN (reset_val::bigint-$lto)::text ELSE reset_val END) as reset_val" : "''::text as reset_val",
		&backend_minimum_version(9, 5) ? "pending_restart" : "''::text as pending_restart"
	);

	return $sql;
}

####
# Get PostgreSQL HBA rules
####
sub dump_pghba
{

	my $lto = $LOCK_TIMEOUT*1000;
	my $sql = 
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds',now()),line_number,type,database,user_name," .
			"address,netmask,auth_method,options,error FROM pg_hba_file_rules";

	return $sql;
}

####
# Get PostgreSQL non default settings
####
sub dump_nondefault_pgsettings
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), category, name, " .
		" setting, %s, context, source, %s, %s " .
		"FROM pg_settings " .
		"WHERE source != 'default' AND source != 'override' %s",
		&backend_minimum_version(8, 2) ? "unit" : "''::text as unit",
		&backend_minimum_version(8, 4) ? "boot_val" : "''::text as boot_val",
		&backend_minimum_version(8, 4) ? "reset_val" : "''::text as reset_val",
		&backend_minimum_version(8, 4) ? "AND setting != boot_val " : ""
	);

	return $sql;
}

####
# Get PostgreSQL database and role settings
####
sub dump_pgdbrolesetting
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), b.datname, c.rolname, a.setconfig " .
		"FROM pg_db_role_setting a LEFT JOIN pg_database b ON (a.setdatabase=b.oid) " .
		"LEFT JOIN pg_roles c ON (a.setrole=c.oid) "
	);

	return $sql;
}

####
# Get unlogged tables in a database
####
sub dump_unlogged
{
	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), n.nspname, c.relname, c.relkind " .
		"FROM pg_class c, pg_namespace n " .
		"WHERE n.oid=c.relnamespace AND c.relpersistence='u' and n.nspname != 'pg_toast' and c.relkind = 'r'"
	);

	return $sql;
}



####
# Get path the PostgreSQL configuration files
####
sub get_configuration_files
{
	my @cfiles = `echo "SELECT setting FROM pg_settings WHERE name IN ('config_file','hba_file','ident_file','data_directory');" | $PSQL_PROG`;
	if ($? != 0) {
		unlink_pid_and_exit("FATAL: psql error.", 0);
	}
	chomp(@cfiles);

	# Add recovery.conf and postgresql.auto.conf to the file list
	my $alter_system_conf = '';
	for (my $i = 0; $i <= $#cfiles; $i++) {
		if ($cfiles[$i] !~ /\.conf$/) {
			$alter_system_conf = $cfiles[$i] . '/postgresql.auto.conf';
			$cfiles[$i] .= '/recovery.conf';
		}
	}
	push(@cfiles, $alter_system_conf);

	return sort @cfiles;
}

####
# Get list of DDL to create indexes missing on foreign keys
####
sub dump_missingfkindexes
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), relname, " .
"'CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY idx_' || relname || '_' ||
         array_to_string(column_name_list, '_') || ' ON ' || conrelid ||
         ' (' || array_to_string(column_name_list, ',') || ')'
         || CASE WHEN COUNT(DISTINCT redi.indexrelid) >0 THEN '  /* maybe redundant with: '|| string_agg (redi.indexrelid::regclass::text,', ') || ' */' ELSE '' END
         AS ddl
FROM (SELECT DISTINCT conrelid,
       array_agg(attname) AS column_name_list,
       array_agg(attnum) AS column_list
     FROM pg_attribute
          JOIN (-- existing constraints
                SELECT conrelid::regclass, conname,
                 unnest(conkey) AS column_index
                FROM (SELECT DISTINCT conrelid, conname, conkey
                      FROM pg_constraint
                        JOIN pg_class ON pg_class.oid = pg_constraint.conrelid
                        JOIN pg_namespace ON pg_namespace.oid = pg_class.relnamespace
                      WHERE %s AND nspname !~ '^pg_'
		         AND nspname <> 'information_schema' AND pg_constraint.contype = 'f'
                      ) fkey
               ) fkey
               ON fkey.conrelid = pg_attribute.attrelid
                  AND fkey.column_index = pg_attribute.attnum
     GROUP BY conrelid, conname
     ) candidate_index
JOIN pg_class ON pg_class.oid = candidate_index.conrelid
LEFT JOIN pg_index i ON i.indrelid = conrelid
                      AND i.indkey::text = array_to_string(column_list, ' ')
-- potentially redundant existing indexes
LEFT JOIN pg_index redi ON redi.indrelid = conrelid
                       AND column_list  <@ redi.indkey::smallint[] -- contains
                       AND redi.indkey::text != array_to_string(column_list, ' ')
WHERE i.indrelid IS NULL
GROUP BY relname, conrelid, column_name_list
ORDER BY ddl",
      &backend_minimum_version(10, 0) ? "NOT pg_class.relispartition" : "true"
	);

	return $sql;
}

####
# Get per database shared buffers statistics with pg_buffercache
####
sub dump_pgdatabase_buffercache
{

	# date_trunc | datname | buffers | buffered | buffers % | database %
	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), d.datname, " .
		"count(*) AS buffers, count(*)*8192 as buffered, " .
		"round(100.0 * count(*) / (SELECT setting FROM pg_settings " .
		"  WHERE name='shared_buffers')::integer,1) AS \"buffers %\", " .
		"round(100.0 * count(*) * 8192 / pg_database_size(d.datname),1) AS \"database %\" " .
		"FROM pg_database d INNER JOIN public.pg_buffercache b ON b.reldatabase=d.oid " .
		"GROUP BY d.datname "
	);

	return $sql;
}

####
# Get per relation shared buffers statistics with pg_buffercache
####
sub dump_pgrelation_buffercache
{

	# date_trunc | datname | relname | buffers | relpages | buffered | buffers % | relation %
	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), d.datname, c.relname, " .
		"count(*) AS buffers, c.relpages, count(*)*8192 as buffered, " .
		"round(100.0 * count(*) / (SELECT setting FROM pg_settings " .
		"  WHERE name='shared_buffers')::integer,1) AS \"buffers %\", " .
		"round(100.0 * count(*) * 8192 / pg_relation_size(c.oid),1) AS \"relation %\" " .
		"FROM pg_class c INNER JOIN public.pg_buffercache b ON b.relfilenode=c.relfilenode " .
		"INNER JOIN pg_database d ON ( b.reldatabase=d.oid ) " .
		"WHERE pg_relation_size(c.oid) > 0 " .
#		"AND c.relname !~ '^pg_' " .
		"GROUP BY d.datname, c.relname, c.relpages, c.oid "
	);

	return $sql;
}

####
# Get usagecount distribution in shared buffers statistics with pg_buffercache
####
sub dump_pgdatabase_usercount
{

	# date_trunc | datname | usagecount | buffer | buffers %
	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), d.datname, usagecount, " .
		"count(*) AS buffers, round(100.0 * count(*) / (SELECT setting FROM pg_settings " .
		"  WHERE name='shared_buffers')::integer,1) AS \"buffers %\" " .
		"FROM pg_database d INNER JOIN public.pg_buffercache b ON b.reldatabase=d.oid " .
		"GROUP BY d.datname, usagecount"
	);
	return $sql;
}

####
# Get dirty usagecount distribution in shared buffers statistics with pg_buffercache
####
sub dump_pgdatabase_isdirty
{

	# date_trunc | datname | usagecount | isdirty | buffer | buffers %
	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), d.datname, usagecount, isdirty, " .
		"count(*) AS buffers, round(100.0 * count(*) / (SELECT setting FROM pg_settings " .
		"  WHERE name='shared_buffers')::integer,1) AS \"buffers %\" " .
		"FROM pg_database d INNER JOIN public.pg_buffercache b ON b.reldatabase=d.oid " .
		"GROUP BY d.datname, usagecount, isdirty "
	);
	return $sql;
}

####
# Get information about archive
####
sub dump_pgstatarchiver
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), archived_count, last_archived_wal, " .
		"last_archived_time, failed_count, last_failed_wal, last_failed_time, stats_reset " .
		"FROM pg_stat_archiver"
	);

	return $sql;
}

####
# Get information about prepared transactions
####
sub dump_preparedxactstats
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), database, count(*) AS num_prepared, " .
		"max(coalesce(extract('epoch' FROM date_trunc('second', current_timestamp-prepared)), 0)) oldest " .
		"FROM pg_prepared_xacts GROUP BY database"
	);

	return $sql;
}

####
# Get extended statisctics defined in a database
####
sub dump_statisticsext
{

	my $sql = sprintf(
		"SELECT date_trunc('seconds', now()), current_database(), " .
		"cn.nspname AS schemaname, c.relname AS tablename, sn.nspname AS stat_schemaname, " .
		"s.stxname AS stat_name, pg_get_userbyid(s.stxowner) AS stat_owner, " .
		"(SELECT array_agg(a.attname ORDER BY a.attnum) AS array_agg FROM unnest(s.stxkeys) k(k) JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = s.stxrelid AND a.attnum = k.k) AS attnames, " .
		"s.stxkind AS kinds " .
		"FROM pg_statistic_ext s JOIN pg_class c ON c.oid = s.stxrelid " .
		"LEFT JOIN pg_namespace cn ON cn.oid = c.relnamespace " .
		"LEFT JOIN pg_namespace sn ON sn.oid = s.stxnamespace " .
		"WHERE NOT (EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM unnest(s.stxkeys) k(k) JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = s.stxrelid AND a.attnum = k.k WHERE NOT has_column_privilege(c.oid, a.attnum, 'select'::text))) " .
		"AND (c.relrowsecurity = false OR NOT row_security_active(c.oid))"
	);

	return $sql;
}



sub parse_pretty_size
{
        my $val = shift;
        return 0 if (!$val);

	$val =~ s/\s+//g;

        if ($val =~ /^(\d+)PB/i) {
                $val = $1 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
        } elsif ($val =~ /^(\d+)TB/i) {
                $val = $1 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
        } elsif ($val =~ /^(\d+)GB/i) {
                $val = $1 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
        } elsif ($val =~ /^(\d+)MB/i) {
                $val = $1 * 1024 * 1024;
        } elsif ($val =~ /^(\d+)KB/i) {
                $val = $1 * 1024;
        }

	# du -s command returns kb so do the same here
        return int($val/1024);
}


####
# Method used to fork compress process
##
sub spawn_compress
{
	my $coderef = shift;

	unless (@_ == 0 && $coderef && ref($coderef) eq 'CODE') {
		print "usage: spawn_comrpess CODEREF";
		exit 0;
	}

	if (!defined($COMPRESS_PID = fork)) {
		print STDERR "Error: cannot fork: $!\n";
		return;
	} elsif ($COMPRESS_PID) {
		return; # the parent
	}
	# the child -- go spawn
	$< = $>;
	$( = $); # suid progs only

	exit &$coderef();
}

####
# Method used to fork metrics collect
##
sub spawn_collect
{
	my $coderef = shift;

	unless (@_ == 0 && $coderef && ref($coderef) eq 'CODE') {
		print "usage: spawn_collect CODEREF";
		exit 0;
	}

	if (!defined($COLLECT_PID = fork)) {
		print STDERR "Error: cannot fork: $!\n";
		return;
	} elsif ($COLLECT_PID) {
		return; # the parent
	}
	# the child -- go spawn
	$< = $>;
	$( = $); # suid progs only

	exit &$coderef();
}

####
# Methods used to fork sar and pidstat
##
sub spawn_sar
{
	my $coderef = shift;

	unless (@_ == 0 && $coderef && ref($coderef) eq 'CODE') {
		print "usage: spawn_sar CODEREF";
		exit 0;
	}

	if (!defined($SAR_PID = fork)) {
		print STDERR "Error: cannot fork: $!\n";
		return;
	} elsif ($SAR_PID) {
		return; # the parent
	}
	# the child -- go spawn
	$< = $>;
	$( = $); # suid progs only

	exit &$coderef();
}

sub spawn_pidstat
{
	my $coderef = shift;

	unless (@_ == 0 && $coderef && ref($coderef) eq 'CODE') {
		print "usage: spawn_pidstat CODEREF";
		exit 0;
	}

	if (!defined($PIDSTAT_PID = fork)) {
		print STDERR "Error: cannot fork: $!\n";
		return;
	} elsif ($PIDSTAT_PID) {
		return; # the parent
	}
	# the child -- go spawn
	$< = $>;
	$( = $); # suid progs only

	exit &$coderef();
}

sub wait_all_childs
{
	while ($COMPRESS_PID || $COLLECT_PID || $SAR_PID || $PIDSTAT_PID)
	{
		my $kid = waitpid(-1, WNOHANG);
		if ($kid > 0)
		{
			if ($COLLECT_PID == $kid) {
				$COLLECT_PID = 0;
			} elsif ($COMPRESS_PID == $kid) {
				$COMPRESS_PID = 0;
			} elsif ($SAR_PID == $kid) {
				$SAR_PID = 0;
			} elsif ($PIDSTAT_PID == $kid) {
				$PIDSTAT_PID = 0;
			}
		}
		sleep(1);
	}
}

sub compress_files
{
	my ($dir) = shift;

	&dprint("LOG: compressing directory $dir using $GZIP_PROG.\n");

	`$GZIP_PROG $dir/*`;

}

sub unlink_pid_and_exit
{
	my ($msg, $rc) = shift;

	&dprint("$msg\n");
	# remove the pidfile
	if (-f $PIDFILE) {
		unlink $PIDFILE or &dprint("ERROR: Unable to remove pidfile: $!\n");
	}
	exit $rc;
}

# Load setting from file pg_settings.csv and pg_db_role_setting.csv into hashrefs
sub load_settings
{
	my ($in_dir, $pg_settings, $dbrole_settings) = @_;

	if (-e "$in_dir/pg_settings.csv") {
		# Load data from pg_settings.csv file
		my $curfh = IO::File->new("$in_dir/pg_settings.csv", 'r');
		while (<$curfh>) {
			chomp();
			my @data = split(/;/);
			# timestamp | label | setting | value | unit | context | source | boot_val | reset_val | pending_restart
			$pg_settings->{$data[2]}{value} = $data[3];
			$pg_settings->{$data[2]}{unit} = '';
			$pg_settings->{$data[2]}{bootval} = '';
			$pg_settings->{$data[2]}{resetval} = '';
			if ($#data >= 6) {
				$pg_settings->{$data[2]}{unit} = $data[4];
				$pg_settings->{$data[2]}{bootval} = $data[7];
				$pg_settings->{$data[2]}{resetval} = $data[8];
				if ($#data >= 9) {
					$pg_settings->{$data[2]}{pending_restart} = $data[9];
				}
			}
		}
		$curfh->close();
	}
	if (-e "$in_dir/pg_db_role_setting.csv") {
		# Load data from pg_db_role_setting.csv file
		my $curfh = IO::File->new("$in_dir/pg_db_role_setting.csv", 'r');
		while (<$curfh>) {
			chomp();
			my @data = split(/;/);
			# timestamp | database | role | settings
			$data[1] ||= 'All';
			$data[2] ||= 'All';
			$dbrole_settings->{$data[1]}{$data[2]} = $data[3];
		}
		$curfh->close();

	}
}

# Save pg_settings into temporaries files and return the path to the files
sub save_pg_settings
{
	my ($out_dir, $pg_settings_orig, $pg_settings_curr) = @_;

	my $f1 = "$out_dir/pg_settings_orig.tmp";
	my $curfh = IO::File->new($f1, 'w');
	if (defined $curfh) {
		foreach my $k (sort keys %$pg_settings_orig) {
			print $curfh "$k : ";
			foreach my $c (sort keys %{$pg_settings_orig->{$k}}) {
				next if ($pg_settings_orig->{$k}{$c} eq '');
				print $curfh "$c => $pg_settings_orig->{$k}{$c}, ";
			}
			print $curfh "\n";
		}
		$curfh->close();
	}

	my $f2 = "$out_dir/pg_settings_curr.tmp";
	$curfh = IO::File->new($f2, 'w');
	if (defined $curfh) {
		foreach my $k (sort keys %$pg_settings_curr) {
			print $curfh "$k : ";
			foreach my $c (sort keys %{$pg_settings_curr->{$k}}) {
				next if ($pg_settings_curr->{$k}{$c} eq '');
				print $curfh "$c => $pg_settings_curr->{$k}{$c}, ";
			}
			print $curfh "\n";
		}
		$curfh->close();
	}

	return ($f1,$f2);
}

# Save db / roles settings into temporaries files and return the path to the files
sub save_dbrole_settings
{
	my ($out_dir, $pg_dbrole_settings_orig, $pg_dbrole_settings_curr) = @_;

	my $f1 = "$out_dir/pg_dbrole_settings_orig.tmp";
	my $curfh = IO::File->new($f1, 'w');
	if (defined $curfh) {
		foreach my $k (sort keys %$pg_dbrole_settings_orig) {
			foreach my $c (sort keys %{$pg_dbrole_settings_orig->{$k}}) {
				print $curfh "Database: $k, Role: $c, Settings: $pg_dbrole_settings_orig->{$k}{$c}\n";
			}
		}
		$curfh->close();
	}

	my $f2 = "$out_dir/pg_dbrole_settings_curr.tmp";
	$curfh = IO::File->new($f2, 'w');
	if (defined $curfh) {
		foreach my $k (sort keys %$pg_dbrole_settings_curr) {
			foreach my $c (sort keys %{$pg_dbrole_settings_curr->{$k}}) {
				print $curfh "Database: $k, Role: $c, Settings: $pg_dbrole_settings_curr->{$k}{$c}\n";
			}
		}
		$curfh->close();
	}

	return ($f1,$f2);
}

sub read_conf
{
	# We don't need a configuration file but if any check the
	# configuration directives related to pgcluu_collectd.
	my $curfh = IO::File->new($CONFIG_FILE, 'r');
	if (defined $curfh) {
		print STDERR "DEBUG: Reading configuration file $CONFIG_FILE\n" if ($DEBUG);
		while (my $l = <$curfh>)
		{
			chomp($l);
			$l =~ s/\r//gs;
			next if (!$l);

			my ($var, @vals) = split(/[\s]+/, $l);
			if ($var eq 'STATS_COLLECTD_RETENTION') {
				$vals[0] = int($vals[0]);
				if ($RETENTION != $vals[0]) {
					$RETENTION = $vals[0];
					print STDERR "LOG: Setting retention from configuration file to $RETENTION\n";
				}
			}
		}
	}
}