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<title>Antartic Microbes</title>
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<h1><a href="index.html">Antartic Microbes</a></h1>
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<h3>Characterization of freshwater benthic biofilm-forming hydrocoryne (cyanobacteria) isolates from Antarctica</h3>
<p class="author">Diego Bonaldo Genuario, Debora Machado Corrêa, Jirı Komárek, Marli Fétima Fiore</p>
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<p class="pretext">Abstract</p>
<span class="captalized-text">T</span>he aims of this work were to study cyanobacterial isolates resembling the genus <i>Hydrocoryne</i> using a combination of morphology and phylogeny of 16S rRNA and <i>nif</i>H sequences and to investigate genes involved in cyanotoxin and protease inhibitor production. Four new cyanobacterial strains, isolated from biofilm samples collected from King George Island, Antarctica, were studied. In terms of morphology, these new strains share traits similar to true Anabaena morphotypes (benthic ones), whereas phylogenetic analysis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences grouped them with the sequence of the type species <i>Hydrocoryne spongiosa</i> (H. Schwabe ex Bornet and Flahault 1886–1888), but not with sequences of the type species from the genus <i>Anabaena</i>. This cluster is the sister group of <i>Anabaena </i>morphotypes isolated only from the Gulf of Finland. In addition, this cluster is related to two other clusters formed by sequences of Anabaena isolated from different sites. Partial <i>nif</i>H genes were sequenced from two strains and the phylogenetic tree revealed that the Antarctic <i>nif</i>H sequences clustered with sequences from <i>Anabaena</i>. Furthermore, two strains were tested, using PCR with specific primers, for the presence of genes involved in cyanotoxins (microcystin and saxitoxin) and protease inhibitor (aeruginosin, and cyanopeptolin). Only cyanopeptolin was amplified using PCR. These four <i>Hydrocoryne </i>strains are the first to be isolated and sequenced from Antarctica, which improves our knowledge on this poorly defined cyanobacterial genus.
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<p>Bacteria</p>
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<p>Biofilm</p>
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<p>Instituto Oceanográfico</p>
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