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<title>Antartic Microbes</title>
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<h1><a href="index.html">Antartic Microbes</a></h1>
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<h3>Leishmanicidal and antitumoral activities of endophytic fungi associated with the Antarctic angiosperms <i>Deschampsia antarctica </i>Desv. and <i>Colobanthus quitensis </i>(Kunth) Bartl.</h3>
<p class="author">Aline B. M. Vaz, Luiz H. Rosa, Mariana L. A. Vieira, Virginia de Garcia, Luciana R. Brandão, Lia C. R. S. Teixeira, Martin Moliné, Diego Libkind, Maria van Broock, Carlos A. Rosa</p>
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<p class="pretext">Abstract</p>
<span class="captalized-text">A</span> total of 564 isolates of endophytic fungi were recovered from the plants <i>Deschampsia Antarctica</i> and <i>Colobanthus quitensis</i> collected from Antarctica. The isolates were screened against parasites <i>Leishmania amazonensis</i> and <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> and against the human tumour cell lines. Of the 313 fungal isolates obtained from <i>D. antarctica</i> and 251 from <i>C. quitensis</i>, 25 displayed biological activity. Nineteen extracts displayed leishmanicidal activity, and six inhibited the growth of at least one tumour cell line. These fungi belong to 19 taxa of the genera <i>Alternaria, Antarctomyces, Cadophora, Davidiella, Helgardia, Herpotrichia, Microdochium, Oculimacula, Phaeosphaeria</i> and one unidentified fungus. Extracts of 12 fungal isolates inhibited the proliferation of L. <i> amazonesis</i> at a low IC50 of between 0.2 and 12.5 μg ml −1 . The fungus <i>Phaeosphaeria herpotrichoides</i> displayed only leishmanicidal activity with an IC50 of 0.2 μg ml −1 , which is equivalent to the inhibitory value of amphotericin B. The extract of <i>Microdochium phragmitis</i> displayed specific cytotoxic activity against the UACC-62 cell line with an IC50 value of 12.5 μg ml −1 . Our results indicate that the unique angiosperms living in Antarctica shelter an interesting bioactive fungal community that is able to produce antiprotozoal and antitumoral molecules. These molecules may be used to develop new leishmanicidal and anticancer drugs.
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<p>Fungi</p>
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<p>Instituto Oceanográfico</p>
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