From af6a51875a44c0bd16a21329456aadde615a2f46 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Elijah Newren Date: Fri, 14 Jan 2022 15:59:41 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] repo_read_index: clear SKIP_WORKTREE bit from files present in worktree The fix is short (~30 lines), but the description is not. Sorry. There is a set of problems caused by files in what I'll refer to as the "present-despite-SKIP_WORKTREE" state. This commit aims to not just fix these problems, but remove the entire class as a possibility -- for those using sparse checkouts. But first, we need to understand the problems this class presents. A quick outline: * Problems * User facing issues * Problem space complexity * Maintenance and code correctness challenges * SKIP_WORKTREE expectations in Git * Suggested solution * Pros/Cons of suggested solution * Notes on testcase modifications === User facing issues === There are various ways for users to get files to be present in the working copy despite having the SKIP_WORKTREE bit set for that file in the index. This may come from: * various git commands not really supporting the SKIP_WORKTREE bit[1,2] * users grabbing files from elsewhere and writing them to the worktree (perhaps even cached in their editor) * users attempting to "abort" a sparse-checkout operation with a not-so-early Ctrl+C (updating $GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout and the working tree is not atomic)[3]. Once users have present-despite-SKIP_WORKTREE files, any modifications users make to these files will be ignored, possibly to users' confusion. Further: * these files will degrade performance for the sparse-index case due to requiring the index to be expanded (see commit 55dfcf9591 ("sparse-checkout: clear tracked sparse dirs", 2021-09-08) for why we try to delete entire directories outside the sparse cone). * these files will not be updated by by standard commands (switch/checkout/pull/merge/rebase will leave them alone unless conflicts happen -- and even then, the conflicted file may be written somewhere else to avoid overwriting the SKIP_WORKTREE file that is present and in the way) * there is nothing in Git that users can use to discover such files (status, diff, grep, etc. all ignore it) * there is no reasonable mechanism to "recover" from such a condition (neither `git sparse-checkout reapply` nor `git reset --hard` will correct it). So, not only are users modifications ignored, but the files get progressively more stale over time. At some point in the future, they may change their sparseness specification or disable sparse-checkouts. At that time, all present-despite-SKIP_WORKTREE files will show up as having lots of modifications because they represent a version from a different branch or commit. These might include user-made local changes from days before, but the only way to tell is to have users look through them all closely. If these users come to others for help, there will be no logs that explain the issue; it's just a mysterious list of changes. Users might adamantly claim (correctly, as it turns out) that they didn't modify these files, while others presume they did. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/git/xmqqbmb1a7ga.fsf@gitster-ct.c.googlers.com/ [2] https://lore.kernel.org/git/CABPp-BH9tju7WVm=QZDOvaMDdZbpNXrVWQdN-jmfN8wC6YVhmw@mail.gmail.com/ [3] https://lore.kernel.org/git/CABPp-BFnFpzwGC11TLoLs8YK5yiisA5D5-fFjXnJsbESVDwZsA@mail.gmail.com/ === Problem space complexity === SKIP_WORKTREE has been part of Git for over a decade. Duy did lots of work on it initially, and several others have since come along and put lots of work into it. Stolee spent most of 2021 on the sparse-index, with lots of bugfixes along the way including to non-sparse-index cases as we are still trying to get sparse checkouts to behave reasonably. Basically every codepath throughout the treat needs to be aware of an additional type of file: tracked-but-not-present. The extra type results in lots of extra testcases and lots of extra code everywhere. But, the sad thing is that we actually have more than one extra type. We have tracked, tracked-but-not-present (SKIP_WORKTREE), and tracked-but-promised-to-not-be-present-but-is-present-anyway (present-despite-SKIP_WORKTREE). Two types is a monumental amount of effort to support, and adding a third feels a bit like insanity[4]. [4] Some examples of which can be seen at https://lore.kernel.org/git/CABPp-BGJ_Nvi5TmgriD9Bh6eNXE2EDq2f8e8QKXAeYG3BxZafA@mail.gmail.com/ === Maintenance and code correctness challenges === Matheus' patches to grep stalled for nearly a year, in part because of complications of how to handle sparse-checkouts appropriately in all cases[5][6] (with trying to sanely figure out how to sanely handle present-despite-SKIP_WORKTREE files being one of the complications). His rm/add follow-ups also took months because of those kinds of issues[7]. The corner cases with things like submodules and SKIP_WORKTREE with the addition of present-despite-SKIP_WORKTREE start becoming really complex[8]. We've had to add ugly logic to merge-ort to attempt to handle present-despite-SKIP_WORKTREE files[9], and basically just been forced to give up in merge-recursive knowing full well that we'll sometimes silently discard user modifications. Despite stash essentially being a merge, it needed extra code (beyond what was in merge-ort and merge-recursive) to manually tweak SKIP_WORKTREE bits in order to avoid a few different bugs that'd result in an early abort with a partial stash application[10]. [5] See https://lore.kernel.org/git/5f3f7ac77039d41d1692ceae4b0c5df3bb45b74a.1612901326.git.matheus.bernardino@usp.br/#t and the dates on the thread; also Matheus and I had several conversations off-list trying to resolve the issues over that time [6] ...it finally kind of got unstuck after https://lore.kernel.org/git/CABPp-BGJ_Nvi5TmgriD9Bh6eNXE2EDq2f8e8QKXAeYG3BxZafA@mail.gmail.com/ [7] See for example https://lore.kernel.org/git/CABPp-BHwNoVnooqDFPAsZxBT9aR5Dwk5D9sDRCvYSb8akxAJgA@mail.gmail.com/#t and quotes like "The core functionality of sparse-checkout has always been only partially implemented", a statement I still believe is true today. [8] https://lore.kernel.org/git/pull.809.git.git.1592356884310.gitgitgadget@gmail.com/ [9] See commit 66b209b86a ("merge-ort: implement CE_SKIP_WORKTREE handling with conflicted entries", 2021-03-20) [10] See commit ba359fd507 ("stash: fix stash application in sparse-checkouts", 2020-12-01) === SKIP_WORKTREE expectations in Git === A couple quotes: * From [11] (before the "sparse-checkout" command existed): If it needs too many special cases, hacks, and conditionals, then it is not worth the complexity---if it is easier to write a correct code by allowing Git to populate working tree files, it is perfectly fine to do so. In a sense, the sparse checkout "feature" itself is a hack by itself, and that is why I think this part should be "best effort" as well. * From the git-sparse-checkout manual (still present today): THIS COMMAND IS EXPERIMENTAL. ITS BEHAVIOR, AND THE BEHAVIOR OF OTHER COMMANDS IN THE PRESENCE OF SPARSE-CHECKOUTS, WILL LIKELY CHANGE IN THE FUTURE. [11] https://lore.kernel.org/git/xmqqbmb1a7ga.fsf@gitster-ct.c.googlers.com/ === Suggested solution === SKIP_WORKTREE was written to allow sparse-checkouts, in particular, as the name of the option implies, to allow the file to NOT be in the worktree but consider it to be unchanged rather than deleted. The suggests a simple solution: present-despite-SKIP_WORKTREE files should not exist, for those using sparse-checkouts. Enforce this at index loading time by checking if core.sparseCheckout is true; if so, check files in the index with the SKIP_WORKTREE bit set to verify that they are absent from the working tree. If they are present, unset the bit (in memory, though any commands that write to the index will record the update). Users can, of course, can get the SKIP_WORKTREE bit back such as by running `git sparse-checkout reapply` (if they have ensured the file is unmodified and doesn't match the specified sparsity patterns). === Pros/Cons of suggested solution === Pros: * Solves the user visible problems reported above, which I've been complaining about for nearly a year but couldn't find a solution to. * Helps prevent slow performance degradation with a sparse-index. * Much easier behavior in sparse-checkouts for users to reason about * Very simple, ~30 lines of code. * Significantly simplifies some ugly testcases, and obviates the need to test an entire class of potential issues. * Reduces code complexity, reasoning, and maintenance. Avoids disagreements about weird corner cases[12]. * It has been reported that some users might be (ab)using SKIP_WORKTREE as a let-me-modify-but-keep-the-file-in-the-worktree mechanism[13, and a few other similar references]. These users know of multiple caveats and shortcomings in doing so; perhaps not surprising given the "SKIP_WORKTREE expecations" section above. However, these users use `git update-index --skip-worktree`, and not `git sparse-checkout` or core.sparseCheckout=true. As such, these users would be unaffected by this change and can continue abusing the system as before. [12] https://lore.kernel.org/git/CABPp-BH9tju7WVm=QZDOvaMDdZbpNXrVWQdN-jmfN8wC6YVhmw@mail.gmail.com/ [13] https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13630849/git-difference-between-assume-unchanged-and-skip-worktree Cons: * When core.sparseCheckout is enabled, this adds a performance cost to reading the index. I'll defer discussion of this cost to a subsequent patch, since I have some optimizations to add. === Notes on testcase modifications === The good: * t1011: Compare to two cases above it ('read-tree will not throw away dirty changes, non-sparse'); since the file is present, it should match the non-sparse case now * t1092: sparse-index & sparse-checkout now match full-worktree behavior in more cases! Yaay for consistency! * t6428, t7012: look at how much simpler the tests become! Merge and stash can just fail early telling the user there's a file in the way, instead of not noticing until it's about to write a file and then have to implement sudden crash avoidance. Hurray for sanity! * t7817: sparse behavior better matches full tree behavior. Hurray for sanity! The confusing: * t3705: These changes were ONLY needed on Windows, but they don't hurt other platforms. Let's discuss each individually: * core.sparseCheckout should be false by default. Nothing in this testcase toggles that until many, many tests later. However, early tests (#5 in particular) were testing `update-index --skip-worktree` behavior in a non-sparse-checkout, but the Windows tests in CI were behaving as if core.sparseCheckout=true had been specified somewhere. I do not have access to a Windows machine. But I just manually did what should have been a no-op and turned the config off. And it fixed the test. * I have no idea why the leftover .gitattributes file from this test was causing failures for test #18 on Windows, but only with these changes of mine. Test #18 was checking for empty stderr, and specifically wanted to know that some error completely unrelated to file endings did not appear. The leftover .gitattributes file thus caused some spurious stderr unrelated to the thing being checked. Since other tests did not intend to test normalization, just proactively remove the .gitattributes file. I'm certain this is cleaner and better, I'm just unsure why/how this didn't trigger problems before. Signed-off-by: Elijah Newren Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano --- repository.c | 7 ++++ sparse-index.c | 21 +++++++++++ sparse-index.h | 1 + t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh | 2 +- t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh | 41 ++++++++++------------ t/t3705-add-sparse-checkout.sh | 2 ++ t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh | 23 +++---------- t/t7012-skip-worktree-writing.sh | 44 ++++-------------------- t/t7817-grep-sparse-checkout.sh | 11 ++++-- 9 files changed, 72 insertions(+), 80 deletions(-) diff --git a/repository.c b/repository.c index 34610c5a33e013..dddee32258f848 100644 --- a/repository.c +++ b/repository.c @@ -301,6 +301,13 @@ int repo_read_index(struct repository *repo) if (repo->settings.command_requires_full_index) ensure_full_index(repo->index); + /* + * If sparse checkouts are in use, check whether paths with the + * SKIP_WORKTREE attribute are missing from the worktree; if not, + * clear that attribute for that path. + */ + clear_skip_worktree_from_present_files(repo->index); + return res; } diff --git a/sparse-index.c b/sparse-index.c index a1d505d50e98cf..b82648b10ee66e 100644 --- a/sparse-index.c +++ b/sparse-index.c @@ -341,6 +341,27 @@ void ensure_correct_sparsity(struct index_state *istate) ensure_full_index(istate); } +void clear_skip_worktree_from_present_files(struct index_state *istate) +{ + int i; + if (!core_apply_sparse_checkout) + return; + +restart: + for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) { + struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i]; + struct stat st; + + if (ce_skip_worktree(ce) && !lstat(ce->name, &st)) { + if (S_ISSPARSEDIR(ce->ce_mode)) { + ensure_full_index(istate); + goto restart; + } + ce->ce_flags &= ~CE_SKIP_WORKTREE; + } + } +} + /* * This static global helps avoid infinite recursion between * expand_to_path() and index_file_exists(). diff --git a/sparse-index.h b/sparse-index.h index 656bd835b25e06..633d4fb7e318af 100644 --- a/sparse-index.h +++ b/sparse-index.h @@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ struct index_state; #define SPARSE_INDEX_MEMORY_ONLY (1 << 0) int convert_to_sparse(struct index_state *istate, int flags); void ensure_correct_sparsity(struct index_state *istate); +void clear_skip_worktree_from_present_files(struct index_state *istate); /* * Some places in the codebase expect to search for a specific path. diff --git a/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh b/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh index 4ed0885bf2fa3d..dd957be1b78c56 100755 --- a/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh +++ b/t/t1011-read-tree-sparse-checkout.sh @@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ test_expect_success 'read-tree updates worktree, dirty case' ' echo sub/added >.git/info/sparse-checkout && git checkout -f top && echo dirty >init.t && - read_tree_u_must_succeed -m -u HEAD^ && + read_tree_u_must_fail -m -u HEAD^ && grep -q dirty init.t && rm init.t ' diff --git a/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh b/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh index f3a059e5af557a..2a04b532f9194b 100755 --- a/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh +++ b/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh @@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ test_expect_success 'status/add: outside sparse cone' ' write_script edit-contents <<-\EOF && echo text >>$1 EOF - run_on_sparse ../edit-contents folder1/a && + run_on_all ../edit-contents folder1/a && run_on_all ../edit-contents folder1/new && test_sparse_match git status --porcelain=v2 && @@ -376,8 +376,8 @@ test_expect_success 'status/add: outside sparse cone' ' test_sparse_match test_must_fail git add folder1/a && grep "Disable or modify the sparsity rules" sparse-checkout-err && test_sparse_unstaged folder1/a && - test_sparse_match test_must_fail git add --refresh folder1/a && - grep "Disable or modify the sparsity rules" sparse-checkout-err && + test_all_match git add --refresh folder1/a && + test_must_be_empty sparse-checkout-err && test_sparse_unstaged folder1/a && test_sparse_match test_must_fail git add folder1/new && grep "Disable or modify the sparsity rules" sparse-checkout-err && @@ -643,11 +643,11 @@ test_expect_success 'update-index modify outside sparse definition' ' run_on_sparse cp ../initial-repo/folder1/a folder1/a && run_on_all ../edit-contents folder1/a && - # If file has skip-worktree enabled, update-index does not modify the - # index entry - test_sparse_match git update-index folder1/a && - test_sparse_match git status --porcelain=v2 && - test_must_be_empty sparse-checkout-out && + # If file has skip-worktree enabled, but the file is present, it is + # treated the same as if skip-worktree is disabled + test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 && + test_all_match git update-index folder1/a && + test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 && # When skip-worktree is disabled (even on files outside sparse cone), file # is updated in the index @@ -1331,30 +1331,27 @@ test_expect_success 'ls-files' ' test_cmp dense sparse && # Set up a strange condition of having a file edit - # outside of the sparse-checkout cone. This is just - # to verify that sparse-checkout and sparse-index - # behave the same in this case. + # outside of the sparse-checkout cone. We want to verify + # that all modes handle this the same, and detect the + # modification. write_script edit-content <<-\EOF && - mkdir folder1 && + mkdir -p folder1 && echo content >>folder1/a EOF - run_on_sparse ../edit-content && + run_on_all ../edit-content && - # ls-files does not currently notice modified files whose - # cache entries are marked SKIP_WORKTREE. This may change - # in the future, but here we test that sparse index does - # not accidentally create a change of behavior. - test_sparse_match git ls-files --modified && - test_must_be_empty sparse-checkout-out && - test_must_be_empty sparse-index-out && + test_all_match git ls-files --modified && git -C sparse-index ls-files --sparse --modified >sparse-index-out && - test_must_be_empty sparse-index-out && + cat >expect <<-\EOF && + folder1/a + EOF + test_cmp expect sparse-index-out && # Add folder1 to the sparse-checkout cone and # check that ls-files shows the expanded files. test_sparse_match git sparse-checkout add folder1 && - test_sparse_match git ls-files --modified && + test_all_match git ls-files --modified && test_all_match git ls-files && git -C sparse-index ls-files --sparse >actual && diff --git a/t/t3705-add-sparse-checkout.sh b/t/t3705-add-sparse-checkout.sh index 81f3384eeed4bb..95609046c61d37 100755 --- a/t/t3705-add-sparse-checkout.sh +++ b/t/t3705-add-sparse-checkout.sh @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ setup_sparse_entry () { fi && git add sparse_entry && git update-index --skip-worktree sparse_entry && + git config core.sparseCheckout false && git commit --allow-empty -m "ensure sparse_entry exists at HEAD" && SPARSE_ENTRY_BLOB=$(git rev-parse :sparse_entry) } @@ -126,6 +127,7 @@ test_expect_success 'git add --chmod does not update sparse entries' ' ' test_expect_success 'git add --renormalize does not update sparse entries' ' + test_when_finished rm .gitattributes && test_config core.autocrlf false && setup_sparse_entry "LINEONE\r\nLINETWO\r\n" && echo "sparse_entry text=auto" >.gitattributes && diff --git a/t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh b/t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh index 7e8bf497f821da..142c9aaabc5309 100755 --- a/t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh +++ b/t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ test_expect_success 'conflicting entries written to worktree even if sparse' ' ) ' -test_expect_merge_algorithm failure success 'present-despite-SKIP_WORKTREE handled reasonably' ' +test_expect_success 'present-despite-SKIP_WORKTREE handled reasonably' ' test_setup_numerals in_the_way && ( cd numerals_in_the_way && @@ -132,26 +132,13 @@ test_expect_merge_algorithm failure success 'present-despite-SKIP_WORKTREE handl test_must_fail git merge -s recursive B^0 && - git ls-files -t >index_files && - test_cmp expected-index index_files && + test_path_is_missing .git/MERGE_HEAD && - test_path_is_file README && test_path_is_file numerals && - test_cmp expected-merge numerals && - - # There should still be a file with "foobar" in it - grep foobar * && - - # 5 other files: - # * expected-merge - # * expected-index - # * index_files - # * others - # * whatever name was given to the numerals file that had - # "foobar" in it - git ls-files -o >others && - test_line_count = 5 others + # numerals should still have "foobar" in it + echo foobar >expect && + test_cmp expect numerals ) ' diff --git a/t/t7012-skip-worktree-writing.sh b/t/t7012-skip-worktree-writing.sh index a1080b94e388ae..cb9f1a6981eb5f 100755 --- a/t/t7012-skip-worktree-writing.sh +++ b/t/t7012-skip-worktree-writing.sh @@ -171,50 +171,20 @@ test_expect_success 'stash restore in sparse checkout' ' # Put a file in the working directory in the way echo in the way >modified && - git stash apply && + test_must_fail git stash apply 2>error&& - # Ensure stash vivifies modifies paths... - cat >expect <<-EOF && - H addme - H modified - H removeme - H subdir/A - S untouched - EOF - git ls-files -t >actual && - test_cmp expect actual && + grep "changes.*would be overwritten by merge" error && - # ...and that the paths show up in status as changed... - cat >expect <<-EOF && - A addme - M modified - D removeme - M subdir/A - ?? actual - ?? expect - ?? modified.stash.XXXXXX - EOF - git status --porcelain | \ - sed -e s/stash......./stash.XXXXXX/ >actual && - test_cmp expect actual && + echo in the way >expect && + test_cmp expect modified && + git diff --quiet HEAD ":!modified" && # ...and that working directory reflects the files correctly - test_path_is_file addme && + test_path_is_missing addme && test_path_is_file modified && test_path_is_missing removeme && test_path_is_file subdir/A && - test_path_is_missing untouched && - - # ...including that we have the expected "modified" file... - cat >expect <<-EOF && - modified - tweaked - EOF - test_cmp expect modified && - - # ...and that the other "modified" file is still present... - echo in the way >expect && - test_cmp expect modified.stash.* + test_path_is_missing untouched ) ' diff --git a/t/t7817-grep-sparse-checkout.sh b/t/t7817-grep-sparse-checkout.sh index 590b99bbb6f7bb..eb595645657fad 100755 --- a/t/t7817-grep-sparse-checkout.sh +++ b/t/t7817-grep-sparse-checkout.sh @@ -83,10 +83,13 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' ' # The test below covers a special case: the sparsity patterns exclude '/b' and # sparse checkout is enabled, but the path exists in the working tree (e.g. -# manually created after `git sparse-checkout init`). git grep should skip it. +# manually created after `git sparse-checkout init`). Although b is marked +# as SKIP_WORKTREE, git grep should notice it IS present in the worktree and +# report it. test_expect_success 'working tree grep honors sparse checkout' ' cat >expect <<-EOF && a:text + b:new-text EOF test_when_finished "rm -f b" && echo "new-text" >b && @@ -126,12 +129,16 @@ test_expect_success 'grep --cached searches entries with the SKIP_WORKTREE bit' ' # Note that sub2/ is present in the worktree but it is excluded by the sparsity -# patterns, so grep should not recurse into it. +# patterns. We also explicitly mark it as SKIP_WORKTREE in case it got cleared +# by previous git commands. Thus sub2 starts as SKIP_WORKTREE but since it is +# present in the working tree, grep should recurse into it. test_expect_success 'grep --recurse-submodules honors sparse checkout in submodule' ' cat >expect <<-EOF && a:text sub/B/b:text + sub2/a:text EOF + git update-index --skip-worktree sub2 && git grep --recurse-submodules "text" >actual && test_cmp expect actual '