diff --git a/src/dfmt/ast_info.d b/src/dfmt/ast_info.d
index 56030f1..6ba0f24 100644
--- a/src/dfmt/ast_info.d
+++ b/src/dfmt/ast_info.d
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ struct ASTInformation
             (structInfoSortedByEndLocation);
         sort(ufcsHintLocations);
         ufcsHintLocations = ufcsHintLocations.uniq().array();
+        sort(ternaryColonLocations);
     }
 
     /// Locations of end braces for struct bodies
@@ -135,6 +136,9 @@ struct ASTInformation
 
     /// Opening & closing braces of struct initializers
     StructInitializerInfo[] structInfoSortedByEndLocation;
+
+    /// Locations ternary expression colons.
+    size_t[] ternaryColonLocations;
 }
 
 /// Collects information from the AST that is useful for the formatter
@@ -438,6 +442,12 @@ final class FormatVisitor : ASTVisitor
         outStatement.accept(this);
     }
 
+    override void visit(const TernaryExpression ternaryExpression)
+    {
+        astInformation.ternaryColonLocations ~= ternaryExpression.colon.index;
+        ternaryExpression.accept(this);
+    }
+
 private:
     ASTInformation* astInformation;
 }
diff --git a/src/dfmt/formatter.d b/src/dfmt/formatter.d
index 8ea8cc6..d2c0f97 100644
--- a/src/dfmt/formatter.d
+++ b/src/dfmt/formatter.d
@@ -841,6 +841,7 @@ private:
                 current.line);
         immutable bool isStructInitializer = astInformation.structInfoSortedByEndLocation
             .canFind!(st => st.startLocation < current.index && current.index < st.endLocation);
+        immutable bool isTernary = astInformation.ternaryColonLocations.canFindIndex(current.index);
 
         if (isCase || isAttribute)
         {
@@ -856,7 +857,7 @@ private:
                 newline();
             }
         }
-        else if (indents.topIs(tok!"]")) // Associative array
+        else if (indents.topIs(tok!"]") && !isTernary) // Associative array
         {
             write(config.dfmt_space_before_aa_colon ? " : " : ": ");
             ++index;
diff --git a/tests/allman/issue0578.d.ref b/tests/allman/issue0578.d.ref
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74fd32b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/allman/issue0578.d.ref
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+void f()
+{
+    auto t = true ? 1 : 0;
+    auto a = [true ? 1 : 0];
+    auto aa1 = [0: true ? 1 : 0];
+    auto aa2 = [0: true ? (false ? 1 : 2) : 3];
+    auto aa3 = [0: true ? false ? 1 : 2 : 3];
+}
diff --git a/tests/issue0578.d b/tests/issue0578.d
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6e6ea21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/issue0578.d
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+void f()
+{
+    auto t = true ? 1 : 0;
+    auto a = [true ? 1: 0];
+    auto aa1 = [0: true ? 1: 0];
+    auto aa2 = [0: true ? (false ? 1: 2): 3];
+    auto aa3 = [0: true ? false ? 1: 2: 3];
+}
diff --git a/tests/knr/issue0578.d.ref b/tests/knr/issue0578.d.ref
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74fd32b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/knr/issue0578.d.ref
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+void f()
+{
+    auto t = true ? 1 : 0;
+    auto a = [true ? 1 : 0];
+    auto aa1 = [0: true ? 1 : 0];
+    auto aa2 = [0: true ? (false ? 1 : 2) : 3];
+    auto aa3 = [0: true ? false ? 1 : 2 : 3];
+}
diff --git a/tests/otbs/issue0578.d.ref b/tests/otbs/issue0578.d.ref
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f97fa7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/otbs/issue0578.d.ref
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+void f() {
+    auto t = true ? 1 : 0;
+    auto a = [true ? 1 : 0];
+    auto aa1 = [0: true ? 1 : 0];
+    auto aa2 = [0: true ? (false ? 1 : 2) : 3];
+    auto aa3 = [0: true ? false ? 1 : 2 : 3];
+}