diff --git a/__tests__/docker/install.test.itg.ts b/__tests__/docker/install.test.itg.ts
index 74823a00..4eb5cd07 100644
--- a/__tests__/docker/install.test.itg.ts
+++ b/__tests__/docker/install.test.itg.ts
@@ -65,18 +65,57 @@ aarch64:https://cloud.debian.org/images/cloud/bookworm/20231013-1532/debian-12-g
         contextName: 'foo',
         daemonConfig: `{"debug":true,"features":{"containerd-snapshotter":true}}`
       });
-      await expect((async () => {
-        try {
-          await install.download();
-          await install.install();
-          await Docker.printVersion();
-          await Docker.printInfo();
-        } catch (error) {
-          console.error(error);
-          throw error;
-        } finally {
-          await install.tearDown();
-        }
-      })()).resolves.not.toThrow();
+      await expect(tryInstall(install)).resolves.not.toThrow();
     }, 30 * 60 * 1000);
 });
+
+describe('rootless', () => {
+  test(
+    'install',
+    async () => {
+      // Skip on non linux
+      if (os.platform() !== 'linux') {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (process.env.ImageOS && process.env.ImageOS.startsWith('ubuntu')) {
+        // Remove containerd first on ubuntu runners to make sure it takes
+        // ones packaged with docker
+        await Exec.exec('sudo', ['apt-get', 'remove', '-y', 'containerd.io'], {
+          env: Object.assign({}, process.env, {
+            DEBIAN_FRONTEND: 'noninteractive'
+          }) as {
+            [key: string]: string;
+          }
+        });
+      }
+      const install = new Install({
+        source: {type: 'image', tag: 'latest'},
+        runDir: tmpDir,
+        contextName: 'foo',
+        daemonConfig: `{"debug":true}`,
+        rootless: true
+      });
+      await expect(tryInstall(install)).resolves.not.toThrow();
+
+      const out = await Docker.getExecOutput(['info', '-f', '{{json .SecurityOptions}}']);
+      expect(out.exitCode).toBe(0);
+      expect(out.stderr.trim()).toBe('');
+      expect(out.stdout.trim()).toContain('rootless');
+    },
+    30 * 60 * 1000
+  );
+});
+
+async function tryInstall(install: Install) {
+  try {
+    await install.download();
+    await install.install();
+    await Docker.printVersion();
+    await Docker.printInfo();
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error(error);
+    throw error;
+  } finally {
+    await install.tearDown();
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/docker/install.ts b/src/docker/install.ts
index cc8cb0a3..1600c18d 100644
--- a/src/docker/install.ts
+++ b/src/docker/install.ts
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ export interface InstallOpts {
   runDir: string;
   contextName?: string;
   daemonConfig?: string;
+  rootless?: boolean;
 }
 
 interface LimaImage {
@@ -65,12 +66,13 @@ interface LimaImage {
 }
 
 export class Install {
-  private readonly runDir: string;
+  private runDir: string;
   private readonly source: InstallSource;
   private readonly contextName: string;
   private readonly daemonConfig?: string;
   private _version: string | undefined;
   private _toolDir: string | undefined;
+  private rootless: boolean;
 
   private gitCommit: string | undefined;
 
@@ -78,6 +80,7 @@ export class Install {
 
   constructor(opts: InstallOpts) {
     this.runDir = opts.runDir;
+    this.rootless = opts.rootless || false;
     this.source = opts.source || {
       type: 'archive',
       version: 'latest',
@@ -195,7 +198,13 @@ export class Install {
     if (!this.runDir) {
       throw new Error('runDir must be set');
     }
-    switch (os.platform()) {
+
+    const platform = os.platform();
+    if (this.rootless && platform != 'linux') {
+      // TODO: Support on macOS (via lima)
+      throw new Error(`rootless is only supported on linux`);
+    }
+    switch (platform) {
       case 'darwin': {
         return await this.installDarwin();
       }
@@ -339,21 +348,34 @@ export class Install {
     }
 
     const envs = Object.assign({}, process.env, {
-      PATH: `${this.toolDir}:${process.env.PATH}`
+      PATH: `${this.toolDir}:${process.env.PATH}`,
+      XDG_RUNTIME_DIR: (this.rootless && this.runDir) || undefined
     }) as {
       [key: string]: string;
     };
 
     await core.group('Start Docker daemon', async () => {
       const bashPath: string = await io.which('bash', true);
-      const cmd = `${this.toolDir}/dockerd --host="${dockerHost}" --config-file="${daemonConfigPath}" --exec-root="${this.runDir}/execroot" --data-root="${this.runDir}/data" --pidfile="${this.runDir}/docker.pid" --userland-proxy=false`;
+      let dockerPath = `${this.toolDir}/dockerd`;
+      if (this.rootless) {
+        dockerPath = `${this.toolDir}/dockerd-rootless.sh`;
+        if (fs.existsSync('/proc/sys/kernel/apparmor_restrict_unprivileged_userns')) {
+          await Exec.exec('sudo', ['sh', '-c', 'echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/apparmor_restrict_unprivileged_userns']);
+        }
+      }
+
+      const cmd = `${dockerPath} --host="${dockerHost}" --config-file="${daemonConfigPath}" --exec-root="${this.runDir}/execroot" --data-root="${this.runDir}/data" --pidfile="${this.runDir}/docker.pid"`;
       core.info(`[command] ${cmd}`); // https://github.com/actions/toolkit/blob/3d652d3133965f63309e4b2e1c8852cdbdcb3833/packages/exec/src/toolrunner.ts#L47
+      let sudo = 'sudo';
+      if (this.rootless) {
+        sudo += ' -u \\#1001';
+      }
       const proc = await child_process.spawn(
         // We can't use Exec.exec here because we need to detach the process to
         // avoid killing it when the action finishes running. Even if detached,
         // we also need to run dockerd in a subshell and unref the process so
         // GitHub Action doesn't wait for it to finish.
-        `sudo env "PATH=$PATH" ${bashPath} << EOF
+        `${sudo} env "PATH=$PATH" ${bashPath} << EOF
 ( ${cmd} 2>&1 | tee "${this.runDir}/dockerd.log" ) &
 EOF`,
         [],