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Fun with the Turtle and other Python functions

In the last lesson we learned how to use the 'turtle' function to draw a square, a spiral, and differently colored spirals. Remember to add comments to your code and to save each new change as a different file name with the extension '.py'

Now we are going to learn more. In an earlier lesson we learned that we can create variables that are made up of a list of objects. Now we are going to create a list of colors that we are going to use to create a four color spiral. Remember a list is contained in [] brackets. Here is our plan

  1. Import the turtle module and set up a turtle
  2. Tell the computer which colors we are going to use.
  3. Setup a loop to draw 150 lines in our spiral
  4. Pick a different pen color for each side of the spiral.
  5. Move the turtle forward to draw each line.
  6. Turn the turtle to get it ready to draw the next line.

`` colors = ["red", "yellow", "blue", "green"]

Here is our code:

import turtle as t colors = ["red", "yellow", "blue", "green"] for x in range(100): t.pencolor(colors[x%4]) t.circle(x) t.left(91)

  
### We want to make the colors really stand out so we are going to change the backgroud color to black. 
We do that by using the 'bgcolor' method. Our code will look like this.

import turtle as t t.bgcolor("black") colors = ["red", "yellow", "blue", "green"] for x in range(100): t.pencolor(colors[x%4]) t.circle(x) t.left(91)

### We can change from a square spiral to a circle spiral by using a new iteration.

import turtle as t t.bgcolor("black") colors = ["red", "yellow", "blue", "green"] for x in range(100): t.pencolor(colors[x%4]) t.circle(x) t.left(91)

### We can make this happen faster by adding a speed to our work:

import turtle as t t.bgcolor("black") t.speed(0) colors = ["red", "yellow", "blue", "green"] for x in range(100): t.pencolor(colors[x%4]) t.circle(x) t.left(91)

### We have been using variables to change the color, size, and turning angle of our shapes. Now let's change the number of sides in those shapes. Note that we have added a couple of colors to this latest change. Remember to add a comment at the top of your code.

import turtle as t t.bgcolor("black")

You can choose between 2 and 6 sides for some cool shapes!

sides = 6 colors = ["red", "yellow", "blue", "orange", "green", "purple"] for x in range(360): t.pencolor(colors[x%sides]) t.forward(x * 3/sides + x) t.left(360/sides + 1) t.width(x*sides/200)

### Using the 'eval' function we can add a value for sides without changing our code each time. Here is the code example.

Color Spiral

import turtle as t t.bgcolor("black") sides = eval(input("Enter a number of sides between 2 and 6: ")) colors = ["red", "yellow", "blue", "orange", "green", "purple"] for x in range(360): t.pencolor(colors[x%sides]) t.forward(x * 3/sides + x) t.left(360/sides + 1) t.width(x*sides/200)


### Multiple Turtles

from turtle import *

zari = Turtle() # create a turtle named zari zari.shape("turtle") zari.color("blue") zari.speed(0) zari.penup() zari.setpos(90,90) zari.pendown() for z in range(100): zari.forward(100) zari.left(46) zari.penup()

new turtle named chad

chad = Turtle() # create a new turtle named chad chad.pendown() chad.color("orange") # change the color chad draws with chad.speed(0) for i in range(100): chad.forward(i) chad.right(47)

Another path of the turtle

Python program to draw hexagon

using Turtle Programming

import turtle polygon = turtle.Turtle()

num_sides = 6 side_length = 70 angle = 360.0 / num_sides

for i in range(num_sides): polygon.forward(side_length) polygon.right(angle)

turtle.done()

Fun with words

adjective = input("Please enter an adjective: ") noun = input("Please enter a noun: ") verb = input("Please enter a verb ending in -ed: ") print("Your MadLib:") print("The", adjective, noun, verb, "over the lazy brown dog.")