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09-struct.slide
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Defined types and structs in Go
22 Feb 2017
Tags: edmontongo, golang, workshop
* Defined types
Types help us organize data.
* Adding meaning to a basic type
.play -edit 09-struct/conflation.go /START OMIT/,/END OMIT$/
* Enumerated constants
.play -edit 09-struct/enum.go /START OMIT/,/END OMIT$/
* Composite types
.play -edit 09-struct/composite.go /START OMIT/,/END OMIT$/
* Type declarations
- Create a new type, not an alias.
.code 09-struct/conflation.go /START DISTINCT OMIT/,/END DISTINCT OMIT/
- Operations (+, *, [], etc) of the new type are determined by the underlying type.
.play -edit 09-struct/definition.go /START OMIT/,/END OMIT$/
* Explicit type conversions
Conversions are possible between:
- same underlying type
- pointers to same underlying type
- numeric types
- string and byte or rune slices
.play -edit 09-struct/conversion.go /START OMIT/,/END OMIT$/
* Struct literals
- Fields in struct literals can be given positionally or with names.
- Struct literals are addressable using &.
- Can be nested.
.play -edit 09-struct/literals.go /START OMIT/,/END OMIT$/
* Zero values
Missing fields are initialized to zero. If fields are given positionally, they all must be given.
.play -edit 09-struct/missing.go /START OMIT/,/END OMIT$/
Useful zero values:
.play -edit 09-struct/zero.go /START OMIT/,/END OMIT$/
* Structs are passed by value
A shallow copy is made. To mutate a struct argument, pass a pointer to it. The dot operator automatically dereferences pointers.
.play -edit 09-struct/pass.go /START OMIT/,/END OMIT$/
* Comparing structs
Structs of the same type are comparable if all their fields are comparable.
.play -edit 09-struct/cmp.go /START OMIT/,/END OMIT$/
* Nesting structs
As a field:
.play -edit 09-struct/nest.go /START OMIT/,/END OMIT$/
Including another struct's fields using embedding:
.play -edit 09-struct/embed.go /START OMIT/,/END OMIT$/
* Exercises
Make a simple model of bank account using structs and functions.
- Create an enumerated constant for a bank account type: Checking or Savings.
- Create a struct for someone's bank account, including a name, account balance, and account type.
- Write a function which takes the struct as an argument and prints information about the account.
- Write the functions Withdraw and Deposit which take the struct and a positive amount and update the account balance.
* Solution
- Create an enumerated constant for a bank account type: Checking or Savings.
- Create a struct for someone's bank account, including a name, account balance, and account type.
.play -edit 09-struct/solution.go /START TYPE/,/END TYPE/
* Solution
- Write a function which takes the struct as an argument and prints information about the account.
.play -edit 09-struct/solution.go /START PRINT/,/END PRINT/
.play -edit 09-struct/solution.go /START PRINT MAIN/,/END PRINT MAIN/
* Solution
- Write the functions Withdraw and Deposit which take the struct and a positive amount and update the account balance.
.play -edit 09-struct/solution.go /START WITHDRAW/,/END WITHDRAW/
.play -edit 09-struct/solution.go /START WITHDRAW MAIN/,/END WITHDRAW MAIN/