casegen_upcars is a script to generate simple conceptual models at different scales, containing different types of heterogeneity e.g. matrix, fracture, vug, fault, super-K layers etc. The script is developed as part of UpCaRs (Upscaling in complex carbonate reservoirs) project.
Output from casegen_upcars is in the form of Eclipse simulation models. These models can be run to investigate the impact of changing geological properties on fluid flow.
The script can generate various types of grid structures (tilting, dome, and hull) and throws. The input file is in yaml format.
Example of configuration file
# UpCaRs Case Generator Configuration File
General:
# Path to Eclipse template file ('--et','--ET','--eclTemplate')
TemplateFile : upcars_eclipse_ref_ss.tmpl
# BaseName of generated simulation files
#BaseName : AHM_<nCells>_LXY_<lx>_X_<ly>_M_GXY_<geometryFacX>_<geometryFacY>
BaseName : SMALL_SCALE
Seed : 12345
Geometry:
# Number of matrix/main element grid cells, x-direction ('--nMatrixX','--NMATRIXX','--nMatrixX')
CellMatrixX : [25,25]
# Increment in x-direction ('--dx','--DX','--incX')
dx : 0.08
# Number of matrix/main element grid cells, y-direction ('--nMatrixY','--NMATRIXY','--nMatrixY')
CellMatrixY : [25, 25]
# Increment in y-direction ('--dy','--DY','--incY')
dy : 0.08
# Top point of the model ('--top')
top : 1500.0
# Parameters describing the shape of model
# Formula for top depth is defined as:
# z : radius_z*(1.0 - (x-xo)² / radius_x² - (y-yo)² / radius_y²)^0.5 + (x - xo) * tan(tilt)
# For slab, set radius_z to 0
# For hull, set either radius_x or radius_y to very high number e.g. 1E999
# Curvature radius in x-direction for dome/hull shape ('--radiusX')
radius_x : 9000.0
# Curvature radius in y-direction for dome/hull shape ('--radiusY')
radius_y : 9000.0
# Curvature radius in z-direction for home/hull shape, set to zero for slab ('--radiusZ')
radius_z : 0.0
# Tilting angle in degree (relative to x-axis) ('--tilt')
tilt : 0.0
# Location of dome/hull top point, fraction to length of the model in X-direction ('--centroidX', '--centroid_x')
centroid_x : 0.5
# Location of dome/hull top point, fraction to length of the model in Y-direction ('--centroidY', '--centroid_y')
centroid_y : 0.5
Layers:
Background Matrix:
NZ : 50 # Total number of cells in z-direction, including heterogeneous layers ('--matrix_nz)
dz : 0.02 # Cell size in z-direction, only applied to background matrix ('--matrix_dz')
Porosity: 0.09 # background matrix porosity ('--matrix_poro')
Permeability: 5.0 # background matrix permeability ('--matrix_perm')
MULTX: 1.0 # background MULTX ('--matrix_multx')
MULTY: 1.0 # background MULTY ('--matrix_multy')
MULTPV: 1.0 # background MULTPV ('--matrix_multpv')
FIPNUM: 1 # background FIPNUM ('--matrix_fipnum')
SATNUM: 1 # background SATNUM ('--matrix_satnum')
SWATINIT: 0.2 # background SWATINIT ('--matrix_swatinit')
Streaks:
k: [25] # Streak start index ('--streak_k')
NZ: 1 # Streak NZ, can be constant for all streaks or specified for each streak ('--streak_nz')
dz: 0.05 # Streak dz, can be constant for all streaks or specified for each streak ('--streak_dz')
Porosity: 0.1 # Streak porosity, can be constant for all streaks or specified for each streak ('--streak_poro')
Permeability: 500.0 # Streak permeability, can be constant for all streaks or specified for each streak ('-streak_perm')
MULTX: 1.0 # Streak MULTX, can be constant for all streaks or specified for each streak ('--streak_multx')
MULTY: 1.0 # Streak MULTY, can be constant for all streaks or specified for each streak ('--streak_multy')
MULTPV: 1.0 # Streak MULTPV, can be constant for all streaks or specified for each streak ('--streak_multpv')
FIPNUM: 3 # Streak FIPNUM, can be constant for all streaks or specified for each streak ('--streak_fipnum')
SATNUM: 2 # Streak SATNUM, can be constant for all streaks or specified for each streak ('--streak_satnum')
SWATINIT: 0.2 # Streak SWATINIT, can be constant for all streaks or specified for each streak ('--streak_swatinit')
BoundingBox: # Streak bounding box [i1, i2, j1, j2], can be single box for all streaks or specified for each streak
Throws:
# Define throws, can be left empty. Use '--throw' to specify the list of throws and '--no_throw' to remove all specified throws
# Start_region_in_x-_direction
i1 : []
# End_region_in_x-_direction
i2 : []
# Start_region in_y-_direction
j1 : []
# End_region_in_y-_direction
j2 : []
# Shift_amount_in_z-_direction
dz : []
Fracture:
# Flag to remove fracture at boundary ('--noBoundaryFracture', '--BoundaryFracture')
NoBoundaryFracture : No
# Fracture thickness ('--ft','--FT','--fractureThickness')
FractureThickness : 0.05
# Number of cells in fracture ('--ndz','--NDZ','--cellsDamageZone')
FractureCells : 1
# Properties for fracture along x-axis
FractureX:
# Length of the fracture in fraction of model lx ('--fLengthX', '--FLENGTHX', '--flengthx')
Length: 1.0
# Offset of the fracture in fraction of model lx, will be adjusted to honor length ('--fOffsetX', '--FOFFSETX', '--foffsetx')
Offset: 0.0
# Height of the fracture in fraction of model lz ('--fHeightX', '--FHEIGHTX', '--fheightx')
Height: 1.0
# Z-offset of the fracture in fraction of model lz, will be adjusted to honor height ('--fVertOffsetX', '--FVERTOFFSETX', '--fvertoffsetx')
ZOffset: 0.0
# Fracture permeability for x-direction faults, can be a single value or list of values ('--fracPermX', '--FRACPERMX', '--fracpermx')
Permeability: 780.0
FractureY:
# Length of the fracture in fraction of model ly ('--fLengthY', '--FLENGTHY', '--flengthy')
Length: 1.0
# Offset of the fracture in fraction of model ly, will be adjusted to honor length ('--fOffsetY', '--FOFFSETY', '--foffsety')
Offset: 0
# Height of the fracture in fraction of model lz ('--fHeightY', '--FHEIGHTY', '--fheighty')
Height: 1.0
# Z-offset of the fracture in fraction of model lz, will be adjusted to honor height ('--fVertOffsetY', '--FVERTOFFSETY', '--fvertoffsety')
ZOffset: 0.0
# Fracture permeability for y-direction faults, can be a single value or list of values ('--fracPermY', '--FRACPERMY', '--fracpermy')
Permeability: 780.0
# Fracture porosity ('--porf','--PORF','--poroFracture')
Porosity : 0.1
# Fracture transmissibility multiplier in x- direction ('--multx','--MULTX','--multx')
MULTX : 1
# Fracture transmissibility multiplier in y- direction ('--multy','--MULTY','--multy')
MULTY : 1
# Fracture pore volume multiplier ('--pvDamage','--PVDAMAGE','--pvDamage')
MULTPV : 1
# Fracture FIPNUM ('--fipnumf','--FIPNUMF','--fipnumF')
FIPNUM : 2
# Fracture SATNUM ('--satnumf','--SATNUMF','--satnumF')
SATNUM : 2
# Fracture SWATINIT ('--swatinitf', '--SWATINITF', '--swatinitF')
SWATINIT : 1.0
Near Fracture Vug:
# Specify how many cells between fracture and vugs, put 0 to allow connection between fracture and vugs
Distance_to_fracture: 0
# Fraction of vugs to matrix, between 0 and 1 ('--vug1volume', '--VUG1VOLUME', '--vug1Volume')
Fraction :
Min : 0.0
Max : 0.0
# Spreading factor for near fracture vug. Small value will make vug concentrated near fracture ('--vug1Spread', '--VUG1SPREAD','--vug1_spread')
SpreadingFactor: 2.0
# Vug porosity interval, uniformly distributed ('--vug1Poro','--VUG1PORO','--vug1Poro')
Porosity :
Min : 0.1
Max : 0.1
# Vug permeability interval, uniformly distributed ('--vug1Perm','--VUG1PERM','--vug1Perm')
Permeability :
Min : 1000
Max : 10000
# Vugs transmissibility multiplier in x- direction ('--vug1MULTX', '--vug1multx')
MULTX : 1
# Vugs transmissibility multiplier in y- direction ('--vug1MULTY', '--vug1multy')
MULTY : 1
# Vugs pore volume multiplier ('--vug1MULTPV', '--vug1multpv')
MULTPV : 1
# Vugs FIPNUM ('--vug1FIPNUM', '--vug1fipnum')
FIPNUM : 3
# Vugs SATNUM ('--vug1SATNUM', '--vug1satnum')
SATNUM : 2
# Vugs initial water saturation ('--vug1SWATINIT', '--vug1swatinit')
SWATINIT : 1.0
Random Vug:
# Fraction of vugs to matrix, between 0 and 1 ('--vug2Volume', '--VUG2VOLUME', '--vug2Volume')
Fraction :
Min : 0.0
Max : 0.0
# Vug porosity interval, uniformly distributed ('--vug2Poro','--VUG2PORO','--vug2Poro')
Porosity :
Min : 0.1
Max : 0.1
# Vug permeability interval, uniformly distributed ('--vug2Perm','--VUG2PERM','--vug2Perm')
Permeability :
Min : 1000.0
Max : 10000.0
# Vugs transmissibility multiplier in x- direction ('--vug2MULTX', '--vug2multx')
MULTX : 1.0
# Vugs transmissibility multiplier in y- direction ('--vug2MULTY', '--vug2multy')
MULTY : 1.0
# Vugs pore volume multiplier ('--vug2MULTPV', '--vug2multpv')
MULTPV : 1.0
# Vugs FIPNUM ('--vug2FIPNUM', '--vug2fipnum')
FIPNUM : 4
# Vugs SATNUM ('--vug2SATNUM', '--vug2satnum')
SATNUM : 2
# Vugs initial water saturation.('--vug2SWATINIT', '--vug2swatinit')
SWATINIT : 1.0
Near Streak Vug:
# Specify how many cells between streak and vug, put 0 to allow connection between streak and vugs
Distance_to_streak: 1
# Fraction of vugs to matrix, between 0 and 1 ('--vug3volume', '--VUG3VOLUME', '--vug3Volume')
Fraction :
Min : 0.0
Max : 0.0
# Spreading factor for near fracture vug. Small value will make vug concentrated near fracture ('--vug3Spread', '--VUG3SPREAD','--vug3_spread')
SpreadingFactor: 2.0
# Vug porosity interval, uniformly distributed ('--vug3Poro','--VUG3PORO','--vug3Poro')
Porosity :
Min : 0.1
Max : 0.1
# Vug permeability interval, uniformly distributed ('--vug3Perm','--VUG3PERM','--vug3Perm')
Permeability :
Min : 1000
Max : 10000
# Vugs transmissibility multiplier in x- direction ('--vug3MULTX', '--vug3multx')
MULTX : 1
# Vugs transmissibility multiplier in y- direction ('--vug3MULTY', '--vug3multy')
MULTY : 1
# Vugs pore volume multiplier ('--vug3MULTPV', '--vug3multpv')
MULTPV : 1
# Vugs FIPNUM ('--vug3FIPNUM', '--vug3fipnum')
FIPNUM : 4
# Vugs SATNUM ('--vug3SATNUM', '--vug3satnum')
SATNUM : 2
# Vugs initial water saturation ('--vug3SWATINIT', '--vug3swatinit')
SWATINIT : 0.0
Variables:
# Optional variables that can be used as expression in template file
# Can be added/changed in command line using ('--var', '--VAR', '--Var')
# for example --var nx_prod 2
# Number of perforated blocks for production well in x-direction
nx_prod : 2
# Number of perforated blocks for injection well in y-direction
nx_inj : 3
# Permeability anisotropy
kvkh : 1
# Injection rate
injRate : 0.01
# Production rate
prodRate : 0.01There is an ERT workflow which utilized casegen_upcars for sensitivity study. More information can be found in wiki page
.. argparse:: :module: subscript.casegen_upcars.casegen_upcars :func: get_parser :prog: casegen_upcars