feat: Add n/prefer-node-protocol rule (#183)

* feat: add `n/prefer-node-protocol` rule

* feat: support `require` function

* docs: add `export` examples

* feat: enable or disable this rule by supported Node.js version

* refactor: use `visit-require` and `visit-import`

* fix: avoid type error by non-string types

* refactor: use `moduleStyle` for simplicity

* chore: update to false for avoiding a breaking change

README.md

@@ -143,6 +143,7 @@ For [Shareable Configs](https://eslint.org/docs/latest/developer-guide/shareable
 | [prefer-global/text-encoder](docs/rules/prefer-global/text-encoder.md)                       | enforce either `TextEncoder` or `require("util").TextEncoder`               |                 |    |    |
 | [prefer-global/url](docs/rules/prefer-global/url.md)                                         | enforce either `URL` or `require("url").URL`                                |                 |    |    |
 | [prefer-global/url-search-params](docs/rules/prefer-global/url-search-params.md)             | enforce either `URLSearchParams` or `require("url").URLSearchParams`        |                 |    |    |
+| [prefer-node-protocol](docs/rules/prefer-node-protocol.md)                                   | enforce using the `node:` protocol when importing Node.js builtin modules.  |                 | 🔧 |    |
 | [prefer-promises/dns](docs/rules/prefer-promises/dns.md)                                     | enforce `require("dns").promises`                                           |                 |    |    |
 | [prefer-promises/fs](docs/rules/prefer-promises/fs.md)                                       | enforce `require("fs").promises`                                            |                 |    |    |
 | [process-exit-as-throw](docs/rules/process-exit-as-throw.md)                                 | require that `process.exit()` expressions use the same code path as `throw` | ☑️ 🟢 ✅ ☑️ 🟢 ✅ |    |    |

docs/rules/prefer-node-protocol.md

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+# Enforce using the `node:` protocol when importing Node.js builtin modules (`n/prefer-node-protocol`)
+
+🔧 This rule is automatically fixable by the [`--fix` CLI option](https://eslint.org/docs/latest/user-guide/command-line-interface#--fix).
+
+<!-- end auto-generated rule header -->
+
+Older built-in Node modules such as fs now can be imported via either their name or `node:` + their name:
+
+```js
+import fs from "fs"
+import fs from "node:fs"
+```
+
+The prefixed versions are nice because they can't be overridden by user modules and are similarly formatted to prefix-only modules such as node:test.
+
+Note that Node.js support for this feature began in:
+
+> v16.0.0, v14.18.0 (`require()`)  
+> v14.13.1, v12.20.0 (`import`)
+
+## 📖 Rule Details
+
+This rule enforces that `node:` protocol is prepended to built-in Node modules when importing or exporting built-in Node modules.
+
+👍 Examples of **correct** code for this rule:
+
+```js
+/*eslint n/prefer-node-protocol: error */
+
+import fs from "node:fs"
+
+export { promises } from "node:fs"
+
+const fs = require("node:fs")
+```
+
+👎 Examples of **incorrect** code for this rule:
+
+```js
+/*eslint n/prefer-node-protocol: error */
+
+import fs from "fs"
+
+export { promises } from "fs"
+
+const fs = require("fs")
+```
+
+### Configured Node.js version range
+
+[Configured Node.js version range](../../../README.md#configured-nodejs-version-range)
+
+### Options
+
+```json
+{
+    "n/prefer-node-protocol": ["error", {
+        "version": ">=16.0.0",
+    }]
+}
+```
+
+#### version
+
+As mentioned above, this rule reads the [`engines`] field of `package.json`.
+But, you can overwrite the version by `version` option.
+
+The `version` option accepts [the valid version range of `node-semver`](https://github.com/npm/node-semver#range-grammar).
+
+## 🔎 Implementation
+
+- [Rule source](../../lib/rules/prefer-node-protocol.js)
+- [Test source](../../tests/lib/rules/prefer-node-protocol.js)

lib/index.js

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ const rules = {
     "prefer-global/text-encoder": require("./rules/prefer-global/text-encoder"),
     "prefer-global/url-search-params": require("./rules/prefer-global/url-search-params"),
     "prefer-global/url": require("./rules/prefer-global/url"),
+    "prefer-node-protocol": require("./rules/prefer-node-protocol"),
     "prefer-promises/dns": require("./rules/prefer-promises/dns"),
     "prefer-promises/fs": require("./rules/prefer-promises/fs"),
     "process-exit-as-throw": require("./rules/process-exit-as-throw"),

lib/rules/prefer-node-protocol.js

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+/**
+ * @author Yusuke Iinuma
+ * See LICENSE file in root directory for full license.
+ */
+"use strict"
+
+const isBuiltinModule = require("is-builtin-module")
+const getConfiguredNodeVersion = require("../util/get-configured-node-version")
+const getSemverRange = require("../util/get-semver-range")
+const visitImport = require("../util/visit-import")
+const visitRequire = require("../util/visit-require")
+const mergeVisitorsInPlace = require("../util/merge-visitors-in-place")
+
+const messageId = "preferNodeProtocol"
+
+module.exports = {
+    meta: {
+        docs: {
+            description:
+                "enforce using the `node:` protocol when importing Node.js builtin modules.",
+            recommended: false,
+            url: "https://github.com/eslint-community/eslint-plugin-n/blob/HEAD/docs/rules/prefer-node-protocol.md",
+        },
+        fixable: "code",
+        messages: {
+            [messageId]: "Prefer `node:{{moduleName}}` over `{{moduleName}}`.",
+        },
+        schema: [
+            {
+                type: "object",
+                properties: {
+                    version: getConfiguredNodeVersion.schema,
+                },
+                additionalProperties: false,
+            },
+        ],
+        type: "suggestion",
+    },
+    create(context) {
+        function isCallExpression(node, { name, argumentsLength }) {
+            if (node?.type !== "CallExpression") {
+                return false
+            }
+
+            if (node.optional) {
+                return false
+            }
+
+            if (node.arguments.length !== argumentsLength) {
+                return false
+            }
+
+            if (
+                node.callee.type !== "Identifier" ||
+                node.callee.name !== name
+            ) {
+                return false
+            }
+
+            return true
+        }
+
+        function isStringLiteral(node) {
+            return node?.type === "Literal" && typeof node.type === "string"
+        }
+
+        function isStaticRequire(node) {
+            return (
+                isCallExpression(node, {
+                    name: "require",
+                    argumentsLength: 1,
+                }) && isStringLiteral(node.arguments[0])
+            )
+        }
+
+        function isEnablingThisRule(context, moduleStyle) {
+            const version = getConfiguredNodeVersion(context)
+
+            const supportedVersionForEsm = "^12.20.0 || >= 14.13.1"
+            // Only check Node.js version because this rule is meaningless if configured Node.js version doesn't match semver range.
+            if (!version.intersects(getSemverRange(supportedVersionForEsm))) {
+                return false
+            }
+
+            const supportedVersionForCjs = "^14.18.0 || >= 16.0.0"
+            // Only check when using `require`
+            if (
+                moduleStyle === "require" &&
+                !version.intersects(getSemverRange(supportedVersionForCjs))
+            ) {
+                return false
+            }
+
+            return true
+        }
+
+        const targets = []
+        return [
+            visitImport(context, { includeCore: true }, importTargets => {
+                targets.push(...importTargets)
+            }),
+            visitRequire(context, { includeCore: true }, requireTargets => {
+                targets.push(
+                    ...requireTargets.filter(target =>
+                        isStaticRequire(target.node.parent)
+                    )
+                )
+            }),
+            {
+                "Program:exit"() {
+                    for (const { node, moduleStyle } of targets) {
+                        if (!isEnablingThisRule(context, moduleStyle)) {
+                            return
+                        }
+
+                        if (node.type === "TemplateLiteral") {
+                            continue
+                        }
+
+                        const { value } = node
+                        if (
+                            typeof value !== "string" ||
+                            value.startsWith("node:") ||
+                            !isBuiltinModule(value) ||
+                            !isBuiltinModule(`node:${value}`)
+                        ) {
+                            return
+                        }
+
+                        context.report({
+                            node,
+                            messageId,
+                            fix(fixer) {
+                                const firstCharacterIndex = node.range[0] + 1
+                                return fixer.replaceTextRange(
+                                    [firstCharacterIndex, firstCharacterIndex],
+                                    "node:"
+                                )
+                            },
+                        })
+                    }
+                },
+            },
+        ].reduce(
+            (mergedVisitor, thisVisitor) =>
+                mergeVisitorsInPlace(mergedVisitor, thisVisitor),
+            {}
+        )
+    },
+}

lib/util/strip-import-path-params.js

@@ -5,6 +5,6 @@
 "use strict"
 
 module.exports = function stripImportPathParams(path) {
-    const i = path.indexOf("!")
+    const i = path.toString().indexOf("!")
     return i === -1 ? path : path.slice(0, i)
 }