diff --git a/DOCS.md b/DOCS.md
index b8046545d..df7562cd9 100644
--- a/DOCS.md
+++ b/DOCS.md
@@ -2769,8 +2769,8 @@ Coconut's `Expected` built-in is a Coconut [`data` type](#data) that represents
 
 `Expected` is effectively equivalent to the following:
 ```coconut
-data Expected[T](result: T?, error: Exception?):
-    def __new__(cls, result: T?=None, error: Exception?=None) -> Expected[T]:
+data Expected[T](result: T?, error: BaseException?):
+    def __new__(cls, result: T?=None, error: BaseException?=None) -> Expected[T]:
         if result is not None and error is not None:
             raise TypeError("Expected cannot have both a result and an error")
         return makedata(cls, result, error)
@@ -2787,11 +2787,17 @@ data Expected[T](result: T?, error: Exception?):
         if not self:
             return self
         if not self.result `isinstance` Expected:
-            raise TypeError("Expected.join() requires an Expected[Expected[T]]")
+            raise TypeError("Expected.join() requires an Expected[Expected[_]]")
         return self.result
-    def result_or[U](self, default: U) -> Expected(T | U):
+    def or_else[U](self, func: BaseException -> Expected[U]) -> Expected[T | U]:
+        """Return self if no error, otherwise return the result of evaluating func on the error."""
+        return self if self else func(self.error)
+    def result_or[U](self, default: U) -> T | U:
         """Return the result if it exists, otherwise return the default."""
         return self.result if self else default
+    def result_or_else[U](self, func: BaseException -> U) -> T | U:
+        """Return the result if it exists, otherwise return the result of evaluating func on the error."""
+        return self.result if self else func(self.error)
     def unwrap(self) -> T:
         """Unwrap the result or raise the error."""
         if not self:
diff --git a/__coconut__/__init__.pyi b/__coconut__/__init__.pyi
index 68734b978..bfb0b5cef 100644
--- a/__coconut__/__init__.pyi
+++ b/__coconut__/__init__.pyi
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ _coconut_tail_call = of = call
 @_dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
 class Expected(_t.Generic[_T], _t.Tuple):
     result: _t.Optional[_T]
-    error: _t.Optional[Exception]
+    error: _t.Optional[BaseException]
     @_t.overload
     def __new__(
         cls,
@@ -278,28 +278,30 @@ class Expected(_t.Generic[_T], _t.Tuple):
         cls,
         result: None = None,
         *,
-        error: Exception,
+        error: BaseException,
     ) -> Expected[_t.Any]: ...
     @_t.overload
     def __new__(
         cls,
         result: None,
-        error: Exception,
+        error: BaseException,
     ) -> Expected[_t.Any]: ...
     def __init__(
         self,
         result: _t.Optional[_T] = None,
-        error: _t.Optional[Exception] = None,
+        error: _t.Optional[BaseException] = None,
     ): ...
     def __fmap__(self, func: _t.Callable[[_T], _U]) -> Expected[_U]: ...
-    def __iter__(self) -> _t.Iterator[_T | Exception | None]: ...
+    def __iter__(self) -> _t.Iterator[_T | BaseException | None]: ...
     @_t.overload
-    def __getitem__(self, index: _SupportsIndex) -> _T | Exception | None: ...
+    def __getitem__(self, index: _SupportsIndex) -> _T | BaseException | None: ...
     @_t.overload
-    def __getitem__(self, index: slice) -> _t.Tuple[_T | Exception | None, ...]: ...
+    def __getitem__(self, index: slice) -> _t.Tuple[_T | BaseException | None, ...]: ...
     def and_then(self, func: _t.Callable[[_T], Expected[_U]]) -> Expected[_U]: ...
     def join(self: Expected[Expected[_T]]) -> Expected[_T]: ...
+    def or_else(self, func: _t.Callable[[BaseException], Expected[_U]]) -> Expected[_T | _U]: ...
     def result_or(self, default: _U) -> _T | _U: ...
+    def result_or_else(self, func: _t.Callable[[BaseException], _U]) -> _T | _U: ...
     def unwrap(self) -> _T: ...
 
 _coconut_Expected = Expected
diff --git a/coconut/compiler/templates/header.py_template b/coconut/compiler/templates/header.py_template
index 260798c3c..8296fad61 100644
--- a/coconut/compiler/templates/header.py_template
+++ b/coconut/compiler/templates/header.py_template
@@ -1521,8 +1521,8 @@ class Expected(_coconut.collections.namedtuple("Expected", ("result", "error")){
     that may or may not be an error, similar to Haskell's Either.
 
     Effectively equivalent to:
-        data Expected[T](result: T?, error: Exception?):
-            def __new__(cls, result: T?=None, error: Exception?=None) -> Expected[T]:
+        data Expected[T](result: T?, error: BaseException?):
+            def __new__(cls, result: T?=None, error: BaseException?=None) -> Expected[T]:
                 if result is not None and error is not None:
                     raise TypeError("Expected cannot have both a result and an error")
                 return makedata(cls, result, error)
@@ -1539,11 +1539,17 @@ class Expected(_coconut.collections.namedtuple("Expected", ("result", "error")){
                 if not self:
                     return self
                 if not self.result `isinstance` Expected:
-                    raise TypeError("Expected.join() requires an Expected[Expected[T]]")
+                    raise TypeError("Expected.join() requires an Expected[Expected[_]]")
                 return self.result
-            def result_or[U](self, default: U) -> Expected(T | U):
+            def or_else[U](self, func: BaseException -> Expected[U]) -> Expected[T | U]:
+                """Return self if no error, otherwise return the result of evaluating func on the error."""
+                return self if self else func(self.error)
+            def result_or[U](self, default: U) -> T | U:
                 """Return the result if it exists, otherwise return the default."""
                 return self.result if self else default
+            def result_or_else[U](self, func: BaseException -> U) -> T | U:
+                """Return the result if it exists, otherwise return the result of evaluating func on the error."""
+                return self.result if self else func(self.error)
             def unwrap(self) -> T:
                 """Unwrap the result or raise the error."""
                 if not self:
@@ -1569,24 +1575,35 @@ class Expected(_coconut.collections.namedtuple("Expected", ("result", "error")){
         if result is _coconut_sentinel:
             result = None
         return _coconut.tuple.__new__(cls, (result, error))
-    def __fmap__(self, func):
-        return self if not self else self.__class__(func(self.result))
     def __bool__(self):
         return self.error is None
+    def __fmap__(self, func):
+        return self if not self else self.__class__(func(self.result))
+    def and_then(self, func):
+        """Maps a T -> Expected[U] over an Expected[T] to produce an Expected[U].
+        Implements a monadic bind. Equivalent to fmap ..> .join()."""
+        return self.__fmap__(func).join()
     def join(self):
         """Monadic join. Converts Expected[Expected[T]] to Expected[T]."""
         if not self:
             return self
         if not _coconut.isinstance(self.result, _coconut_Expected):
-            raise _coconut.TypeError("Expected.join() requires an Expected[Expected[T]]")
+            raise _coconut.TypeError("Expected.join() requires an Expected[Expected[_]]")
         return self.result
-    def and_then(self, func):
-        """Maps a T -> Expected[U] over an Expected[T] to produce an Expected[U].
-        Implements a monadic bind. Equivalent to fmap ..> .join()."""
-        return self.__fmap__(func).join()
+    def or_else(self, func):
+        """Return self if no error, otherwise return the result of evaluating func on the error."""
+        if self:
+            return self
+        got = func(self.error)
+        if not _coconut.isinstance(got, _coconut_Expected):
+            raise _coconut.TypeError("Expected.or_else() requires a function that returns an Expected")
+        return got
     def result_or(self, default):
         """Return the result if it exists, otherwise return the default."""
         return self.result if self else default
+    def result_or_else(self, func):
+        """Return the result if it exists, otherwise return the result of evaluating func on the error."""
+        return self.result if self else func(self.error)
     def unwrap(self):
         """Unwrap the result or raise the error."""
         if not self:
diff --git a/coconut/root.py b/coconut/root.py
index 330712180..19bfad0d8 100644
--- a/coconut/root.py
+++ b/coconut/root.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 VERSION = "2.1.1"
 VERSION_NAME = "The Spanish Inquisition"
 # False for release, int >= 1 for develop
-DEVELOP = 42
+DEVELOP = 43
 ALPHA = False  # for pre releases rather than post releases
 
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/coconut/tests/src/cocotest/agnostic/main.coco b/coconut/tests/src/cocotest/agnostic/main.coco
index 0c6e2493d..1ed595646 100644
--- a/coconut/tests/src/cocotest/agnostic/main.coco
+++ b/coconut/tests/src/cocotest/agnostic/main.coco
@@ -1267,8 +1267,9 @@ def main_test() -> bool:
     ys = (_ for _ in range(2)) :: (_ for _ in range(2))
     assert ys |> list == [0, 1, 0, 1]
     assert ys |> list == []
-    assert Expected(10) |> fmap$(.+1) == Expected(11)
+
     some_err = ValueError()
+    assert Expected(10) |> fmap$(.+1) == Expected(11)
     assert Expected(error=some_err) |> fmap$(.+1) == Expected(error=some_err)
     res, err = Expected(10)
     assert (res, err) == (10, None)
@@ -1284,6 +1285,16 @@ def main_test() -> bool:
     assert Expected(error=some_err).and_then(safe_call$(.*2)) == Expected(error=some_err)
     assert Expected(Expected(10)).join() == Expected(10)
     assert Expected(error=some_err).join() == Expected(error=some_err)
+    assert_raises(Expected, TypeError)
+    assert Expected(10).result_or(0) == 10 == Expected(error=TypeError()).result_or(10)
+    assert Expected(10).result_or_else(const 0) == 10 == Expected(error=TypeError()).result_or_else(const 10)
+    assert Expected(error=some_err).result_or_else(ident) is some_err
+    assert Expected(None)
+    assert Expected(10).unwrap() == 10
+    assert_raises(Expected(error=TypeError()).unwrap, TypeError)
+    assert_raises(Expected(error=KeyboardInterrupt()).unwrap, KeyboardInterrupt)
+    assert Expected(10).or_else(const <| Expected(20)) == Expected(10) == Expected(error=TypeError()).or_else(const <| Expected(10))
+
     recit = ([1,2,3] :: recit) |> map$(.+1)
     assert tee(recit)
     rawit = (_ for _ in (0, 1))
@@ -1399,11 +1410,6 @@ def main_test() -> bool:
     hardref = map((.+1), [1,2,3])
     assert weakref.ref(hardref)() |> list == [2, 3, 4]
     assert parallel_map(ident, [MatchError]) |> list == [MatchError]
-    assert_raises(Expected, TypeError)
-    assert Expected(10).result_or(0) == 10 == Expected(error=TypeError()).result_or(10)
-    assert Expected(None)
-    assert Expected(10).unwrap() == 10
-    assert_raises(Expected(error=TypeError()).unwrap, TypeError)
     return True
 
 def test_asyncio() -> bool: