diff --git a/vice-core/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/eygraber/vice/ViceContainer.kt b/vice-core/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/eygraber/vice/ViceContainer.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..239b120
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vice-core/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/eygraber/vice/ViceContainer.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+package com.eygraber.vice
+
+import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.rememberCoroutineScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableSharedFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.SharedFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+
+public interface ViceContainer<V, I, C, E, S>
+  where V : ViceView<I, S>, C : ViceCompositor<I, S>, E : ViceEffects {
+  public val view: V
+  public val intents: SharedFlow<I>
+  public val compositor: C
+  public val effects: E
+
+  @Composable
+  public fun OnBackPressedHandler(enabled: Boolean, onBackPressed: () -> Unit)
+
+  @Composable
+  public fun Vice() {
+    RunVice(
+      view = view,
+      intents = intents as MutableSharedFlow<I>,
+      compositor = compositor,
+      effects = effects,
+      onBackPressedHandler = { enabled, onBackPressed ->
+        OnBackPressedHandler(enabled, onBackPressed)
+      },
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+@Composable
+private fun <I, S> RunVice(
+  view: ViceView<I, S>,
+  intents: MutableSharedFlow<I>,
+  compositor: ViceCompositor<I, S>,
+  effects: ViceEffects,
+  onBackPressedHandler: @Composable (Boolean, () -> Unit) -> Unit,
+) {
+  val scope = rememberCoroutineScope {
+    Dispatchers.Main.immediate
+  }
+
+  onBackPressedHandler(compositor.internalIsBackHandlerEnabled()) {
+    compositor.internalOnBackPressed { intent ->
+      // this is synchronous because the dispatcher is Main.immediate
+      scope.launch {
+        compositor.internalOnIntent(intent)
+      }
+
+      intents.tryEmit(intent)
+    }
+  }
+
+  ViceUdf(
+    view,
+    intents,
+    compositor,
+    effects,
+    scope,
+  )
+}
+
+@Suppress("NOTHING_TO_INLINE")
+@Composable
+private inline fun <I, S> ViceUdf(
+  view: ViceView<I, S>,
+  intents: SharedFlow<I>,
+  compositor: ViceCompositor<I, S>,
+  effects: ViceEffects,
+  scope: CoroutineScope,
+) {
+  effects.Launch()
+
+  val state = compositor.internalComposite(intents)
+  val intentHandler: (I) -> Unit = remember(scope, compositor, intents) {
+    { intent: I ->
+      // this is synchronous because the dispatcher is Main.immediate
+      scope.launch {
+        compositor.internalOnIntent(intent)
+      }
+
+      (intents as MutableSharedFlow<I>).tryEmit(intent)
+    }
+  }
+
+  view.Render(state, intentHandler)
+}
diff --git a/vice-portal/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/eygraber/vice/portal/VicePortal.kt b/vice-portal/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/eygraber/vice/portal/VicePortal.kt
index 008a55c..089a32b 100644
--- a/vice-portal/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/eygraber/vice/portal/VicePortal.kt
+++ b/vice-portal/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/eygraber/vice/portal/VicePortal.kt
@@ -1,81 +1,16 @@
-// needed to access internal members of vice-core
-@file:Suppress("INVISIBLE_MEMBER", "INVISIBLE_REFERENCE")
-
 package com.eygraber.vice.portal
 
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
-import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
-import androidx.compose.runtime.rememberCoroutineScope
 import com.eygraber.portal.compose.ComposePortal
-import com.eygraber.vice.Launch
 import com.eygraber.vice.ViceCompositor
+import com.eygraber.vice.ViceContainer
 import com.eygraber.vice.ViceEffects
 import com.eygraber.vice.ViceView
-import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
-import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
-import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableSharedFlow
-import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.SharedFlow
-import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
 
-public abstract class VicePortal<K, V, I, C, E, S> : ComposePortal<K>
+public abstract class VicePortal<K, V, I, C, E, S> : ComposePortal<K>, ViceContainer<V, I, C, E, S>
   where V : ViceView<I, S>, C : ViceCompositor<I, S>, E : ViceEffects {
-  protected abstract val view: V
-  private val intents = MutableSharedFlow<I>(extraBufferCapacity = 64)
-  protected abstract val compositor: C
-  protected abstract val effects: E
-
-  @Composable
-  protected abstract fun OnBackPressedHandler(enabled: Boolean, onBackPressed: () -> Unit)
-
   @Composable
   public final override fun Render() {
-    val scope = rememberCoroutineScope {
-      Dispatchers.Main.immediate
-    }
-
-    OnBackPressedHandler(enabled = compositor.internalIsBackHandlerEnabled()) {
-      compositor.internalOnBackPressed { intent ->
-        // this is synchronous because the dispatcher is Main.immediate
-        scope.launch {
-          compositor.internalOnIntent(intent)
-        }
-
-        intents.tryEmit(intent)
-      }
-    }
-
-    Render(
-      view as ViceView<I, S>,
-      intents,
-      compositor,
-      effects,
-      scope,
-    )
+    Vice()
   }
 }
-
-@Suppress("NOTHING_TO_INLINE")
-@Composable
-private inline fun <I, S> Render(
-  view: ViceView<I, S>,
-  intents: SharedFlow<I>,
-  compositor: ViceCompositor<I, S>,
-  effects: ViceEffects,
-  scope: CoroutineScope,
-) {
-  effects.Launch()
-
-  val state = compositor.internalComposite(intents)
-  val intentHandler: (I) -> Unit = remember(scope, compositor, intents) {
-    { intent: I ->
-      // this is synchronous because the dispatcher is Main.immediate
-      scope.launch {
-        compositor.internalOnIntent(intent)
-      }
-
-      (intents as MutableSharedFlow<I>).tryEmit(intent)
-    }
-  }
-
-  view.Render(state, intentHandler)
-}