diff --git a/RNTester/android/app/build.gradle b/RNTester/android/app/build.gradle
index c5a3f3c3526a9d..2391ab56a9b6d5 100644
--- a/RNTester/android/app/build.gradle
+++ b/RNTester/android/app/build.gradle
@@ -120,10 +120,12 @@ android {
 
     defaultConfig {
         applicationId "com.facebook.react.uiapp"
-        minSdkVersion 16
+        minSdkVersion 18
         targetSdkVersion 29
         versionCode 1
         versionName "1.0"
+        testBuildType System.getProperty('testBuildType', 'debug')  // This will later be used to control the test apk build type
+        testInstrumentationRunner 'androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner'
     }
     signingConfigs {
         release {
@@ -149,6 +151,8 @@ android {
             minifyEnabled enableProguardInReleaseBuilds
             proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
             signingConfig signingConfigs.release
+            // Detox-specific additions to pro-guard
+            proguardFile "${rootProject.projectDir}/../node_modules/detox/android/detox/proguard-rules-app.pro"
         }
     }
 }
@@ -187,4 +191,8 @@ dependencies {
     } else {
         jscImplementation 'org.webkit:android-jsc:+'
     }
+
+    // Use detox test library
+    androidTestImplementation('com.wix:detox:+') { transitive = true }
+    androidTestImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
 }
diff --git a/RNTester/android/app/src/androidTest/java/com/facebook/react/uiapp/DetoxTest.java b/RNTester/android/app/src/androidTest/java/com/facebook/react/uiapp/DetoxTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..f9febfa3b3845f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/RNTester/android/app/src/androidTest/java/com/facebook/react/uiapp/DetoxTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+
+// This uses instructions from
+// https://github.com/wix/Detox/blob/master/docs/Introduction.Android.md#4-create-android-test-class
+
+package com.facebook.react.uiapp;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest;
+import androidx.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;
+import com.wix.detox.Detox;
+import org.junit.Rule;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@LargeTest
+public class DetoxTest {
+
+  @Rule
+  public ActivityTestRule<RNTesterActivity> mActivityRule =
+      new ActivityTestRule<>(RNTesterActivity.class, false, false);
+
+  @Test
+  public void runDetoxTests() {
+    Detox.runTests(mActivityRule);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/build.gradle.kts b/build.gradle.kts
index c57d8a30bd7188..b96f36ddd4280f 100644
--- a/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/build.gradle.kts
@@ -25,6 +25,11 @@ allprojects {
         maven {
             url = uri("$rootDir/node_modules/jsc-android/dist")
         }
+        maven {
+            // https://github.com/wix/Detox/blob/master/docs/Introduction.Android.md
+            // All of Detox's artifacts are provided via the npm module
+            url = uri("$rootDir/node_modules/detox/Detox-android")
+        }
         mavenLocal()
         google()
         jcenter()
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index b25085bca5024f..ea0905981bfa9d 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -159,6 +159,25 @@
     "runner-config": "RNTester/e2e/config.json",
     "specs": "",
     "configurations": {
+      "android.emu.release": {
+        "binaryPath":     "RNTester/android/app/build/outputs/apk/hermes/release/app-hermes-x86-release.apk",
+        "testBinaryPath": "RNTester/android/app/build/outputs/apk/androidTest/hermes/release/app-hermes-release-androidTest.apk",
+        "build":
+        "./gradlew RNTester:android:app:assembleRelease RNTester:android:app:assembleAndroidTest -DtestBuildType=release",
+        "type": "android.emulator",
+        "device": {
+          "avdName": "Nexus_6_API_29"
+        }
+      },
+      "android.emu.debug": {
+        "binaryPath": "RNTester/android/app/build/outputs/apk/hermes/debug/app-hermes-x86-debug.apk",
+        "testBinaryPath": "RNTester/android/app/build/outputs/apk/androidTest/hermes/debug/app-hermes-debug-androidTest.apk",
+        "build": "./gradlew RNTester:android:app:assembleDebug RNTester:android:app:assembleAndroidTest -DtestBuildType=debug",
+        "type": "android.emulator",
+        "device": {
+          "avdName": "Nexus_6_API_29"
+        }
+    },
       "ios.sim.release": {
         "binaryPath": "RNTester/build/Build/Products/Release-iphonesimulator/RNTester.app/",
         "build": "xcodebuild -workspace RNTester/RNTesterPods.xcworkspace -scheme RNTester -configuration Release -sdk iphonesimulator -derivedDataPath RNTester/build -UseModernBuildSystem=NO -quiet",
diff --git a/template/android/build.gradle b/template/android/build.gradle
index b9065bd4984929..3dad13374278d6 100644
--- a/template/android/build.gradle
+++ b/template/android/build.gradle
@@ -11,9 +11,11 @@ buildscript {
         google()
         jcenter()
     }
+    ext.kotlinVersion = '1.3.0'
     dependencies {
         classpath("com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.5.3")
-
+        // for Detox
+        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlinVersion"
         // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
         // in the individual module build.gradle files
     }