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sdcard.py
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sdcard.py
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"""
MicroPython driver for SD cards using SPI bus.
(based on the original SD driver https://github.com/micropython/micropython/blob/master/drivers/sdcard/sdcard.py)
Espidf SPI support inside for SPI screen driver compatibility
Requires an SPI bus and a CS pin. Provides readblocks and writeblocks
methods so the device can be mounted as a filesystem.
Example usage on pyboard:
import pyb, sdcard, os
sd = sdcard.SDCard(pyb.SPI(1), pyb.Pin.board.X5)
pyb.mount(sd, '/sd2')
print(os.listdir('/'))
Example usage on ESP8266 / ESP32:
import machine, sdcard, os
sd = sdcard.SDCard(machine.SPI(1), machine.Pin(15))
os.mount(sd, '/sd')
print(os.listdir('/'))
Example usage on ESP32 with ili93XXX.py screen driver:
import machine, sdcard, os
from ili9XXX import ili9341
lcd = ili9341(mosi=23, miso=38, clk=18, dc=15, cs=5, invert=True, rot=0x10, width=320, height=240,
rst=-1, power=-1, backlight=-1, half_duplex=False) # half_duplex do not work with SDCard
sd = sdcard.SDCard(sdcard.SPI(), machine.Pin(4))
os.mount(sd, "/sd")
print(os.listdir('/sd'))
"""
from micropython import const
import utime
try:
import espidf as esp
except:
pass
_CMD_TIMEOUT = const(1000) # PGH (was 100)
_R1_IDLE_STATE = const(1 << 0)
_R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND = const(1 << 2)
_TOKEN_CMD25 = const(0xFC)
_TOKEN_STOP_TRAN = const(0xFD)
_TOKEN_DATA = const(0xFE)
class SDCard:
def __init__(self, spi, cs, baudrate=20000000):
self.spi = spi
self.cs = cs
self.baudrate = baudrate
self.cmdbuf = bytearray(6)
self.dummybuf = bytearray(512)
self.tokenbuf = bytearray(1)
for i in range(512):
self.dummybuf[i] = 0xFF
self.dummybuf_memoryview = memoryview(self.dummybuf)
# initialise the card
self.init_card()
def init_spi(self, baudrate):
try:
master = self.spi.MASTER
except AttributeError:
# on ESP8266
self.spi.init(baudrate=baudrate, phase=0, polarity=0)
else:
# on pyboard
self.spi.init(master, baudrate=baudrate, phase=0, polarity=0)
def init_card(self):
# init CS pin
self.cs.init(self.cs.OUT, value=1)
# init SPI bus; use low data rate for initialization
self.init_spi(100000)
# clock card at least 100 cycles with cs high
for i in range(16):
self.spi.write(b"\xff")
# CMD0: init card; should return _R1_IDLE_STATE (allow 5 attempts)
for _ in range(5):
if self.cmd(0, 0, 0x95) == _R1_IDLE_STATE:
break
else:
raise OSError("no SD card")
# CMD8: determine card version
r = self.cmd(8, 0x01AA, 0x87, 4)
if r == _R1_IDLE_STATE:
self.init_card_v2()
elif r == (_R1_IDLE_STATE | _R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND):
self.init_card_v1()
else:
raise OSError("couldn't determine SD card version")
# get the number of sectors
# CMD9: response R2 (R1 byte + 16-byte block read)
if self.cmd(9, 0, 0, 0, False) != 0:
raise OSError("no response from SD card")
csd = bytearray(16)
self.readinto(csd)
if csd[0] & 0xC0 == 0x40: # CSD version 2.0
self.sectors = ((csd[8] << 8 | csd[9]) + 1) * 1024
elif csd[0] & 0xC0 == 0x00: # CSD version 1.0 (old, <=2GB)
c_size = csd[6] & 0b11 | csd[7] << 2 | (csd[8] & 0b11000000) << 4
c_size_mult = ((csd[9] & 0b11) << 1) | csd[10] >> 7
self.sectors = (c_size + 1) * (2 ** (c_size_mult + 2))
else:
raise OSError("SD card CSD format not supported")
# print('sectors', self.sectors)
# CMD16: set block length to 512 bytes
if self.cmd(16, 512, 0) != 0:
raise OSError("can't set 512 block size")
# set to high data rate now that it's initialized
self.init_spi(self.baudrate)
def init_card_v1(self):
for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
self.cmd(55, 0, 0)
if self.cmd(41, 0, 0) == 0:
self.cdv = 512
# print("[SDCard] v1 card")
return
raise OSError("timeout waiting for v1 card")
def init_card_v2(self):
for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
utime.sleep_ms(50)
self.cmd(58, 0, 0, 4)
self.cmd(55, 0, 0)
if self.cmd(41, 0x40000000, 0) == 0:
self.cmd(58, 0, 0, 4)
self.cdv = 1
# print("[SDCard] v2 card")
return
raise OSError("timeout waiting for v2 card")
def cmd(self, cmd, arg, crc, final=0, release=True, skip1=False):
self.cs(0)
# create and send the command
buf = self.cmdbuf
buf[0] = 0x40 | cmd
buf[1] = arg >> 24
buf[2] = arg >> 16
buf[3] = arg >> 8
buf[4] = arg
buf[5] = crc
self.spi.write(buf)
if skip1:
self.spi.readinto(self.tokenbuf, 0xFF)
# wait for the response (response[7] == 0)
for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
self.spi.readinto(self.tokenbuf, 0xFF)
response = self.tokenbuf[0]
if not (response & 0x80):
# this could be a big-endian integer that we are getting here
for j in range(final):
self.spi.write(b"\xff")
if release:
self.cs(1)
self.spi.write(b"\xff")
return response
# timeout
self.cs(1)
self.spi.write(b"\xff")
return -1
def readinto(self, buf):
self.cs(0)
# read until start byte (0xff)
for i in range(_CMD_TIMEOUT):
self.spi.readinto(self.tokenbuf, 0xFF)
if self.tokenbuf[0] == _TOKEN_DATA:
break
else:
self.cs(1)
raise OSError("timeout waiting for response")
# read data
mv = self.dummybuf_memoryview
if len(buf) != len(mv):
mv = mv[: len(buf)]
self.spi.write_readinto(mv, buf)
# read checksum
self.spi.write(b"\xff")
self.spi.write(b"\xff")
self.cs(1)
self.spi.write(b"\xff")
def write(self, token, buf):
self.cs(0)
# send: start of block, data, checksum
self.spi.read(1, token)
self.spi.write(buf)
self.spi.write(b"\xff")
self.spi.write(b"\xff")
# check the response
if (self.spi.read(1, 0xFF)[0] & 0x1F) != 0x05:
self.cs(1)
self.spi.write(b"\xff")
return
# wait for write to finish
while self.spi.read(1, 0xFF)[0] == 0:
pass
self.cs(1)
self.spi.write(b"\xff")
def write_token(self, token):
self.cs(0)
self.spi.read(1, token)
self.spi.write(b"\xff")
# wait for write to finish
while self.spi.read(1, 0xFF)[0] == 0x00:
pass
self.cs(1)
self.spi.write(b"\xff")
def readblocks(self, block_num, buf):
self.spi.write(b'\xff') # PGH
nblocks = len(buf) // 512
assert nblocks and not len(buf) % 512, "Buffer length is invalid"
if nblocks == 1:
# CMD17: set read address for single block
if self.cmd(17, block_num * self.cdv, 0, release=False) != 0:
# release the card
self.cs(1)
raise OSError(5) # EIO
# receive the data and release card
self.readinto(buf)
else:
# CMD18: set read address for multiple blocks
if self.cmd(18, block_num * self.cdv, 0, release=False) != 0:
# release the card
self.cs(1)
raise OSError(5) # EIO
offset = 0
mv = memoryview(buf)
while nblocks:
# receive the data and release card
self.readinto(mv[offset : offset + 512])
offset += 512
nblocks -= 1
if self.cmd(12, 0, 0xFF, skip1=True):
raise OSError(5) # EIO
def writeblocks(self, block_num, buf):
# clock card at least 100 cycles with cs high
self.spi.write(b'\xff') # PGH
nblocks, err = divmod(len(buf), 512)
assert nblocks and not err, "Buffer length is invalid"
if nblocks == 1:
# CMD24: set write address for single block
if self.cmd(24, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0:
raise OSError(5) # EIO
# send the data
self.write(_TOKEN_DATA, buf)
else:
# CMD25: set write address for first block
if self.cmd(25, block_num * self.cdv, 0) != 0:
raise OSError(5) # EIO
# send the data
offset = 0
mv = memoryview(buf)
while nblocks:
self.write(_TOKEN_CMD25, mv[offset : offset + 512])
offset += 512
nblocks -= 1
self.write_token(_TOKEN_STOP_TRAN)
def ioctl(self, op, arg):
if op == 4: # get number of blocks
return self.sectors
# Pure Espidf SPI driver to share SPI bus (like ili93xxx screen)
class SPI:
def __init__(self, spihost=esp.HSPI_HOST, baudrate=200000, miso=-1, mosi=-1, clk=-1, cs=4, half_duplex=False):
self.miso = miso
self.mosi = mosi
self.clk = clk
self.cs = cs
self.half_duplex = half_duplex
self.baudrate = baudrate
self.spihost = spihost
self.spi = None
buscfg = esp.spi_bus_config_t(
{
"miso_io_num": self.miso,
"mosi_io_num": self.mosi,
"sclk_io_num": self.clk,
"quadwp_io_num": -1,
"quadhd_io_num": -1,
}
)
# Initialize the SPI bus, if needed.
if buscfg.miso_io_num >= 0 and buscfg.mosi_io_num >= 0 and buscfg.sclk_io_num >= 0:
esp.gpio_pad_select_gpio(self.miso)
esp.gpio_pad_select_gpio(self.mosi)
esp.gpio_pad_select_gpio(self.clk)
esp.gpio_set_direction(self.miso, esp.GPIO_MODE.INPUT)
esp.gpio_set_pull_mode(self.miso, esp.GPIO.PULLUP_ONLY)
esp.gpio_set_direction(self.mosi, esp.GPIO_MODE.OUTPUT)
esp.gpio_set_direction(self.clk, esp.GPIO_MODE.OUTPUT)
ret = esp.spi_bus_initialize(self.spihost, buscfg, 1)
if ret != 0:
raise RuntimeError("Failed initializing SPI bus")
def init(self, baudrate=None, phase=0, polarity=0 ):
if baudrate:
#print('new baudrate:',baudrate)
self.baudrate=baudrate
if self.spi:
# Remove device (to change bus speed)
esp.spi_bus_remove_device(self.spi)
self.spi = None
devcfg_flags = esp.SPI_DEVICE.NO_DUMMY
if self.half_duplex : devcfg_flags |= esp.SPI_DEVICE.HALFDUPLEX
devcfgSD = esp.spi_device_interface_config_t({
"clock_speed_hz": self.baudrate,
"mode": 0, # SPI mode 0
"spics_io_num": self.cs, # CS pin
"queue_size": 2,
"flags": devcfg_flags,
"duty_cycle_pos": 128,
})
esp.gpio_pad_select_gpio(self.cs)
# Attach device to the SPI bus
ptr_to_spi = esp.C_Pointer()
ret = esp.spi_bus_add_device(self.spihost, devcfgSD, ptr_to_spi)
if ret != 0:
raise RuntimeError("Failed adding SPI device")
self.spi = ptr_to_spi.ptr_val
self.trans_result_ptr = esp.C_Pointer()
def write(self, data):
if not isinstance(data,bytearray) : data = bytearray(data)
trans = esp.spi_transaction_t({
"length": len(data) * 8,
"tx_buffer": data,
"rx_buffer": None,
"user": None,
})
esp.spi_device_queue_trans(self.spi, trans, -1)
esp.spi_device_get_trans_result(self.spi, self.trans_result_ptr , -1)
def read(self, length:int, write=None):
if write: write = bytearray([write])
buf=bytearray(length)
trans = esp.spi_transaction_t({
"length": length * 8,
"tx_buffer": write,
"rx_buffer": buf,
"user": None,
})
esp.spi_device_queue_trans(self.spi, trans, -1)
esp.spi_device_get_trans_result(self.spi, self.trans_result_ptr , -1)
return bytes(buf)
def readinto(self, buf:bytearray, write=None):
if write: write = bytearray([write])
trans = esp.spi_transaction_t({
"length": len(buf) * 8,
"tx_buffer": write,
"rx_buffer": buf,
"user": None,
})
esp.spi_device_queue_trans(self.spi, trans, -1)
esp.spi_device_get_trans_result(self.spi, self.trans_result_ptr , -1)
def write_readinto(self, data, buf:bytearray):
if not isinstance(data,bytearray) : data = bytearray(data)
trans = esp.spi_transaction_t({
"length": len(data) * 8,
"tx_buffer": data,
"rx_buffer": buf,
"user": None,
})
esp.spi_device_queue_trans(self.spi, trans, -1)
esp.spi_device_get_trans_result(self.spi, self.trans_result_ptr , -1)
def deinit(self):
if self.spi:
# Remove device
esp.spi_bus_remove_device(self.spi)
self.spi = None
# Free SPI bus
esp.spi_bus_free(self.spihost)
self.spihost = None