-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 1.6k
New issue
Have a question about this project? Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community.
By clicking “Sign up for GitHub”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy statement. We’ll occasionally send you account related emails.
Already on GitHub? Sign in to your account
面试官:Vue实例挂载的过程中发生了什么? #5
Comments
一、思考我们都听过知其然知其所以然这句话 那么不知道大家是否思考过 过程中是如何完成数据的绑定,又是如何将数据渲染到视图的等等 一、分析首先找到 源码位置:src\core\instance\index.js function Vue (options) {
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' &&
!(this instanceof Vue)
) {
warn('Vue is a constructor and should be called with the `new` keyword')
}
this._init(options)
}
initMixin(Vue); // 定义 _init
stateMixin(Vue); // 定义 $set $get $delete $watch 等
eventsMixin(Vue); // 定义事件 $on $once $off $emit
lifecycleMixin(Vue);// 定义 _update $forceUpdate $destroy
renderMixin(Vue); // 定义 _render 返回虚拟dom 首先可以看 源码位置:src\core\instance\init.js Vue.prototype._init = function (options?: Object) {
const vm: Component = this
// a uid
vm._uid = uid++
let startTag, endTag
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) {
startTag = `vue-perf-start:${vm._uid}`
endTag = `vue-perf-end:${vm._uid}`
mark(startTag)
}
// a flag to avoid this being observed
vm._isVue = true
// merge options
// 合并属性,判断初始化的是否是组件,这里合并主要是 mixins 或 extends 的方法
if (options && options._isComponent) {
// optimize internal component instantiation
// since dynamic options merging is pretty slow, and none of the
// internal component options needs special treatment.
initInternalComponent(vm, options)
} else { // 合并vue属性
vm.$options = mergeOptions(
resolveConstructorOptions(vm.constructor),
options || {},
vm
)
}
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
// 初始化proxy拦截器
initProxy(vm)
} else {
vm._renderProxy = vm
}
// expose real self
vm._self = vm
// 初始化组件生命周期标志位
initLifecycle(vm)
// 初始化组件事件侦听
initEvents(vm)
// 初始化渲染方法
initRender(vm)
callHook(vm, 'beforeCreate')
// 初始化依赖注入内容,在初始化data、props之前
initInjections(vm) // resolve injections before data/props
// 初始化props/data/method/watch/methods
initState(vm)
initProvide(vm) // resolve provide after data/props
callHook(vm, 'created')
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) {
vm._name = formatComponentName(vm, false)
mark(endTag)
measure(`vue ${vm._name} init`, startTag, endTag)
}
// 挂载元素
if (vm.$options.el) {
vm.$mount(vm.$options.el)
}
} 仔细阅读上面的代码,我们得到以下结论:
源码位置:src\core\instance\state.js export function initState (vm: Component) {
// 初始化组件的watcher列表
vm._watchers = []
const opts = vm.$options
// 初始化props
if (opts.props) initProps(vm, opts.props)
// 初始化methods方法
if (opts.methods) initMethods(vm, opts.methods)
if (opts.data) {
// 初始化data
initData(vm)
} else {
observe(vm._data = {}, true /* asRootData */)
}
if (opts.computed) initComputed(vm, opts.computed)
if (opts.watch && opts.watch !== nativeWatch) {
initWatch(vm, opts.watch)
}
} 我们和这里主要看初始化 function initData (vm: Component) {
let data = vm.$options.data
// 获取到组件上的data
data = vm._data = typeof data === 'function'
? getData(data, vm)
: data || {}
if (!isPlainObject(data)) {
data = {}
process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && warn(
'data functions should return an object:\n' +
'https://vuejs.org/v2/guide/components.html#data-Must-Be-a-Function',
vm
)
}
// proxy data on instance
const keys = Object.keys(data)
const props = vm.$options.props
const methods = vm.$options.methods
let i = keys.length
while (i--) {
const key = keys[i]
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
// 属性名不能与方法名重复
if (methods && hasOwn(methods, key)) {
warn(
`Method "${key}" has already been defined as a data property.`,
vm
)
}
}
// 属性名不能与state名称重复
if (props && hasOwn(props, key)) {
process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && warn(
`The data property "${key}" is already declared as a prop. ` +
`Use prop default value instead.`,
vm
)
} else if (!isReserved(key)) { // 验证key值的合法性
// 将_data中的数据挂载到组件vm上,这样就可以通过this.xxx访问到组件上的数据
proxy(vm, `_data`, key)
}
}
// observe data
// 响应式监听data是数据的变化
observe(data, true /* asRootData */)
} 仔细阅读上面的代码,我们可以得到以下结论:
关于数据响应式在这就不展开详细说明 上文提到挂载方法是调用 源码位置: Vue.prototype.$mount = function (
el?: string | Element,
hydrating?: boolean
): Component {
// 获取或查询元素
el = el && query(el)
/* istanbul ignore if */
// vue 不允许直接挂载到body或页面文档上
if (el === document.body || el === document.documentElement) {
process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && warn(
`Do not mount Vue to <html> or <body> - mount to normal elements instead.`
)
return this
}
const options = this.$options
// resolve template/el and convert to render function
if (!options.render) {
let template = options.template
// 存在template模板,解析vue模板文件
if (template) {
if (typeof template === 'string') {
if (template.charAt(0) === '#') {
template = idToTemplate(template)
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && !template) {
warn(
`Template element not found or is empty: ${options.template}`,
this
)
}
}
} else if (template.nodeType) {
template = template.innerHTML
} else {
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
warn('invalid template option:' + template, this)
}
return this
}
} else if (el) {
// 通过选择器获取元素内容
template = getOuterHTML(el)
}
if (template) {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) {
mark('compile')
}
/**
* 1.将temmplate解析ast tree
* 2.将ast tree转换成render语法字符串
* 3.生成render方法
*/
const { render, staticRenderFns } = compileToFunctions(template, {
outputSourceRange: process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production',
shouldDecodeNewlines,
shouldDecodeNewlinesForHref,
delimiters: options.delimiters,
comments: options.comments
}, this)
options.render = render
options.staticRenderFns = staticRenderFns
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) {
mark('compile end')
measure(`vue ${this._name} compile`, 'compile', 'compile end')
}
}
}
return mount.call(this, el, hydrating)
} 阅读上面代码,我们能得到以下结论:
对
生成 源码位置:src\platforms\web\runtime\index.js // public mount method
Vue.prototype.$mount = function (
el?: string | Element,
hydrating?: boolean
): Component {
el = el && inBrowser ? query(el) : undefined
// 渲染组件
return mountComponent(this, el, hydrating)
} 调用 export function mountComponent (
vm: Component,
el: ?Element,
hydrating?: boolean
): Component {
vm.$el = el
// 如果没有获取解析的render函数,则会抛出警告
// render是解析模板文件生成的
if (!vm.$options.render) {
vm.$options.render = createEmptyVNode
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if ((vm.$options.template && vm.$options.template.charAt(0) !== '#') ||
vm.$options.el || el) {
warn(
'You are using the runtime-only build of Vue where the template ' +
'compiler is not available. Either pre-compile the templates into ' +
'render functions, or use the compiler-included build.',
vm
)
} else {
// 没有获取到vue的模板文件
warn(
'Failed to mount component: template or render function not defined.',
vm
)
}
}
}
// 执行beforeMount钩子
callHook(vm, 'beforeMount')
let updateComponent
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) {
updateComponent = () => {
const name = vm._name
const id = vm._uid
const startTag = `vue-perf-start:${id}`
const endTag = `vue-perf-end:${id}`
mark(startTag)
const vnode = vm._render()
mark(endTag)
measure(`vue ${name} render`, startTag, endTag)
mark(startTag)
vm._update(vnode, hydrating)
mark(endTag)
measure(`vue ${name} patch`, startTag, endTag)
}
} else {
// 定义更新函数
updateComponent = () => {
// 实际调⽤是在lifeCycleMixin中定义的_update和renderMixin中定义的_render
vm._update(vm._render(), hydrating)
}
}
// we set this to vm._watcher inside the watcher's constructor
// since the watcher's initial patch may call $forceUpdate (e.g. inside child
// component's mounted hook), which relies on vm._watcher being already defined
// 监听当前组件状态,当有数据变化时,更新组件
new Watcher(vm, updateComponent, noop, {
before () {
if (vm._isMounted && !vm._isDestroyed) {
// 数据更新引发的组件更新
callHook(vm, 'beforeUpdate')
}
}
}, true /* isRenderWatcher */)
hydrating = false
// manually mounted instance, call mounted on self
// mounted is called for render-created child components in its inserted hook
if (vm.$vnode == null) {
vm._isMounted = true
callHook(vm, 'mounted')
}
return vm
} 阅读上面代码,我们得到以下结论:
源码位置:src\core\instance\render.js // 定义vue 原型上的render方法
Vue.prototype._render = function (): VNode {
const vm: Component = this
// render函数来自于组件的option
const { render, _parentVnode } = vm.$options
if (_parentVnode) {
vm.$scopedSlots = normalizeScopedSlots(
_parentVnode.data.scopedSlots,
vm.$slots,
vm.$scopedSlots
)
}
// set parent vnode. this allows render functions to have access
// to the data on the placeholder node.
vm.$vnode = _parentVnode
// render self
let vnode
try {
// There's no need to maintain a stack because all render fns are called
// separately from one another. Nested component's render fns are called
// when parent component is patched.
currentRenderingInstance = vm
// 调用render方法,自己的独特的render方法, 传入createElement参数,生成vNode
vnode = render.call(vm._renderProxy, vm.$createElement)
} catch (e) {
handleError(e, vm, `render`)
// return error render result,
// or previous vnode to prevent render error causing blank component
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && vm.$options.renderError) {
try {
vnode = vm.$options.renderError.call(vm._renderProxy, vm.$createElement, e)
} catch (e) {
handleError(e, vm, `renderError`)
vnode = vm._vnode
}
} else {
vnode = vm._vnode
}
} finally {
currentRenderingInstance = null
}
// if the returned array contains only a single node, allow it
if (Array.isArray(vnode) && vnode.length === 1) {
vnode = vnode[0]
}
// return empty vnode in case the render function errored out
if (!(vnode instanceof VNode)) {
if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && Array.isArray(vnode)) {
warn(
'Multiple root nodes returned from render function. Render function ' +
'should return a single root node.',
vm
)
}
vnode = createEmptyVNode()
}
// set parent
vnode.parent = _parentVnode
return vnode
}
源码位置:src\core\instance\lifecycle.js Vue.prototype._update = function (vnode: VNode, hydrating?: boolean) {
const vm: Component = this
const prevEl = vm.$el
const prevVnode = vm._vnode
// 设置当前激活的作用域
const restoreActiveInstance = setActiveInstance(vm)
vm._vnode = vnode
// Vue.prototype.__patch__ is injected in entry points
// based on the rendering backend used.
if (!prevVnode) {
// initial render
// 执行具体的挂载逻辑
vm.$el = vm.__patch__(vm.$el, vnode, hydrating, false /* removeOnly */)
} else {
// updates
vm.$el = vm.__patch__(prevVnode, vnode)
}
restoreActiveInstance()
// update __vue__ reference
if (prevEl) {
prevEl.__vue__ = null
}
if (vm.$el) {
vm.$el.__vue__ = vm
}
// if parent is an HOC, update its $el as well
if (vm.$vnode && vm.$parent && vm.$vnode === vm.$parent._vnode) {
vm.$parent.$el = vm.$el
}
// updated hook is called by the scheduler to ensure that children are
// updated in a parent's updated hook.
} 三、结论
参考文献 |
学习这个知识点有什么用呢 |
本文中关于“调用mountComponent渲染组件”的结论一:“会触发boforeCreate钩子”是否谬误,是否该修改为“会触发beforeMount钩子”? |
要不是为了面试,谁学这个 |
需要时再细看 |
我可以打死这个面试官吗 |
原理啊原理 |
分析的很好 |
看完:┗|`O′|┛ 嗷~~,原来是这样; |
代码不全 |
分析的不错,但是总结的有点不明不白。 |
有时候真的不想背一些没有用的面试题,可以console.log()的东西为什么非要记着,当然看源码是可以学习思想 这个看个人造化,只能说很无奈这逼大环境 |
在beforeCreate阶段,可以访问到props属性。 |
简略版:
|
No description provided.
The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: