cpu_profiler.cc

#ifndef NOMINMAX
#define NOMINMAX
#endif

#include <assert.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <node_api.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <uv.h>
#include <v8-profiler.h>
#include <v8.h>

#include <chrono>
#include <functional>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>

static const uint8_t kMaxStackDepth(128);
static const float kSamplingFrequency(99.0); // 99 to avoid lockstep sampling
static const float kSamplingHz(1 / kSamplingFrequency);
static const int kSamplingInterval(kSamplingHz * 1e6);
static const v8::CpuProfilingNamingMode
    kNamingMode(v8::CpuProfilingNamingMode::kDebugNaming);
static const v8::CpuProfilingLoggingMode
    kDefaultLoggingMode(v8::CpuProfilingLoggingMode::kEagerLogging);

enum ProfileFormat {
  kFormatThread = 0,
  kFormatChunk = 1,
};

// Allow users to override the default logging mode via env variable. This is
// useful because sometimes the flow of the profiled program can be to execute
// many sequential transaction - in that case, it may be preferable to set eager
// logging to avoid paying the high cost of profiling for each individual
// transaction (one example for this are jest tests when run with --runInBand
// option).
static const char *kEagerLoggingMode = "eager";
static const char *kLazyLoggingMode = "lazy";

v8::CpuProfilingLoggingMode GetLoggingMode() {
  static const char *logging_mode(getenv("SENTRY_PROFILER_LOGGING_MODE"));

  // most times this wont be set so just bail early
  if (!logging_mode) {
    return kDefaultLoggingMode;
  }

  // other times it'll likely be set to lazy as eager is the default
  if (strcmp(logging_mode, kLazyLoggingMode) == 0) {
    return v8::CpuProfilingLoggingMode::kLazyLogging;
  } else if (strcmp(logging_mode, kEagerLoggingMode) == 0) {
    return v8::CpuProfilingLoggingMode::kEagerLogging;
  }

  return kDefaultLoggingMode;
}

uint64_t timestamp_milliseconds() {
  return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
             std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch())
      .count();
}

class SentryProfile;
class Profiler;

enum class ProfileStatus {
  kNotStarted,
  kStarted,
  kStopped,
};

class MeasurementsTicker {
private:
  uv_timer_t *timer;
  uint64_t period_ms;
  std::unordered_map<std::string,
                     const std::function<bool(uint64_t, v8::HeapStatistics &)>>
      heap_listeners;
  std::unordered_map<std::string, const std::function<bool(uint64_t, double)>>
      cpu_listeners;
  v8::Isolate *isolate;
  v8::HeapStatistics heap_stats;
  uv_cpu_info_t cpu_stats;

public:
  MeasurementsTicker(uv_loop_t *loop)
      : period_ms(100), isolate(v8::Isolate::GetCurrent()) {
    timer = new uv_timer_t;
    uv_timer_init(loop, timer);
    uv_handle_set_data((uv_handle_t *)timer, this);
    uv_ref((uv_handle_t *)timer);
  }

  static void ticker(uv_timer_t *);
  // Memory listeners
  void heap_callback();
  void add_heap_listener(
      std::string &profile_id,
      const std::function<bool(uint64_t, v8::HeapStatistics &)> cb);
  void remove_heap_listener(
      std::string &profile_id,
      const std::function<bool(uint64_t, v8::HeapStatistics &)> &cb);

  // CPU listeners
  void cpu_callback();
  void add_cpu_listener(std::string &profile_id,
                        const std::function<bool(uint64_t, double)> cb);
  void remove_cpu_listener(std::string &profile_id,
                           const std::function<bool(uint64_t, double)> &cb);

  size_t listener_count();

  ~MeasurementsTicker() {
    uv_handle_t *handle = (uv_handle_t *)timer;

    uv_timer_stop(timer);
    uv_unref(handle);

    if (!uv_is_closing(handle)) {
      uv_close(handle, [](uv_handle_t *handle) { delete handle; });
    }
  }
};

size_t MeasurementsTicker::listener_count() {
  return heap_listeners.size() + cpu_listeners.size();
}

// Heap tickers
void MeasurementsTicker::heap_callback() {
  isolate->GetHeapStatistics(&heap_stats);
  uint64_t ts = uv_hrtime();

  for (auto cb : heap_listeners) {
    cb.second(ts, heap_stats);
  }
}

void MeasurementsTicker::add_heap_listener(
    std::string &profile_id,
    const std::function<bool(uint64_t, v8::HeapStatistics &)> cb) {
  heap_listeners.emplace(profile_id, cb);

  if (listener_count() == 1) {
    uv_timer_set_repeat(timer, period_ms);
    uv_timer_start(timer, ticker, 0, period_ms);
  }
}

void MeasurementsTicker::remove_heap_listener(
    std::string &profile_id,
    const std::function<bool(uint64_t, v8::HeapStatistics &)> &cb) {
  heap_listeners.erase(profile_id);

  if (listener_count() == 0) {
    uv_timer_stop(timer);
  }
};

// CPU tickers
void MeasurementsTicker::cpu_callback() {
  uv_cpu_info_t *cpu = &cpu_stats;
  int count;
  int err = uv_cpu_info(&cpu, &count);

  if (err) {
    return;
  }

  if (count < 1) {
    return;
  }

  uint64_t ts = uv_hrtime();
  uint64_t total = 0;
  uint64_t idle_total = 0;

  for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    uv_cpu_info_t *core = cpu + i;

    total += core->cpu_times.user;
    total += core->cpu_times.nice;
    total += core->cpu_times.sys;
    total += core->cpu_times.idle;
    total += core->cpu_times.irq;

    idle_total += core->cpu_times.idle;
  }

  double idle_avg = idle_total / count;
  double total_avg = total / count;
  double rate = 1.0 - idle_avg / total_avg;

  if (rate < 0.0 || isinf(rate) || isnan(rate)) {
    rate = 0.0;
  }

  auto it = cpu_listeners.begin();
  while (it != cpu_listeners.end()) {
    if (it->second(ts, rate)) {
      it = cpu_listeners.erase(it);
    } else {
      ++it;
    }
  };

  uv_free_cpu_info(cpu, count);
};

void MeasurementsTicker::ticker(uv_timer_t *handle) {
  if (handle == nullptr) {
    return;
  }

  MeasurementsTicker *self = static_cast<MeasurementsTicker *>(handle->data);
  self->heap_callback();
  self->cpu_callback();
}

void MeasurementsTicker::add_cpu_listener(
    std::string &profile_id, const std::function<bool(uint64_t, double)> cb) {
  cpu_listeners.emplace(profile_id, cb);

  if (listener_count() == 1) {
    uv_timer_set_repeat(timer, period_ms);
    uv_timer_start(timer, ticker, 0, period_ms);
  }
}

void MeasurementsTicker::remove_cpu_listener(
    std::string &profile_id, const std::function<bool(uint64_t, double)> &cb) {
  cpu_listeners.erase(profile_id);

  if (listener_count() == 0) {
    uv_timer_stop(timer);
  }
};

class Profiler {
public:
  std::unordered_map<std::string, SentryProfile *> active_profiles;

  MeasurementsTicker measurements_ticker;
  v8::CpuProfiler *cpu_profiler;

  explicit Profiler(const napi_env &env, v8::Isolate *isolate)
      : measurements_ticker(uv_default_loop()),
        cpu_profiler(
            v8::CpuProfiler::New(isolate, kNamingMode, GetLoggingMode())) {}
};

class SentryProfile {
private:
  uint64_t started_at;
  uint64_t timestamp;
  uint16_t heap_write_index = 0;
  uint16_t cpu_write_index = 0;

  std::vector<uint64_t> heap_stats_ts;
  std::vector<uint64_t> heap_stats_usage;

  std::vector<uint64_t> cpu_stats_ts;
  std::vector<double> cpu_stats_usage;

  const std::function<bool(uint64_t, v8::HeapStatistics &)> memory_sampler_cb;
  const std::function<bool(uint64_t, double)> cpu_sampler_cb;

  ProfileStatus status = ProfileStatus::kNotStarted;
  std::string id;

public:
  explicit SentryProfile(const char *id)
      : started_at(uv_hrtime()), timestamp(timestamp_milliseconds()),
        memory_sampler_cb([this](uint64_t ts, v8::HeapStatistics &stats) {
          if ((heap_write_index >= heap_stats_ts.capacity()) ||
              heap_write_index >= heap_stats_usage.capacity()) {
            return true;
          }

          heap_stats_ts.insert(heap_stats_ts.begin() + heap_write_index,
                               ts - started_at);
          heap_stats_usage.insert(
              heap_stats_usage.begin() + heap_write_index,
              static_cast<uint64_t>(stats.used_heap_size()));
          ++heap_write_index;

          return false;
        }),

        cpu_sampler_cb([this](uint64_t ts, double rate) {
          if (cpu_write_index >= cpu_stats_ts.capacity() ||
              cpu_write_index >= cpu_stats_usage.capacity()) {
            return true;
          }
          cpu_stats_ts.insert(cpu_stats_ts.begin() + cpu_write_index,
                              ts - started_at);
          cpu_stats_usage.insert(cpu_stats_usage.begin() + cpu_write_index,
                                 rate);
          ++cpu_write_index;
          return false;
        }),

        status(ProfileStatus::kNotStarted), id(id) {
    heap_stats_ts.reserve(300);
    heap_stats_usage.reserve(300);
    cpu_stats_ts.reserve(300);
    cpu_stats_usage.reserve(300);
  }

  const std::vector<uint64_t> &heap_usage_timestamps() const;
  const std::vector<uint64_t> &heap_usage_values() const;
  const uint16_t &heap_usage_write_index() const;

  const std::vector<uint64_t> &cpu_usage_timestamps() const;
  const std::vector<double> &cpu_usage_values() const;
  const uint16_t &cpu_usage_write_index() const;
  const uint64_t &profile_start_timestamp() const;

  void Start(Profiler *profiler);
  v8::CpuProfile *Stop(Profiler *profiler);
};

void SentryProfile::Start(Profiler *profiler) {
  v8::Local<v8::String> profile_title =
      v8::String::NewFromUtf8(v8::Isolate::GetCurrent(), id.c_str(),
                              v8::NewStringType::kNormal)
          .ToLocalChecked();

  started_at = uv_hrtime();
  timestamp = timestamp_milliseconds();

  // Initialize the CPU Profiler
  profiler->cpu_profiler->StartProfiling(
      profile_title, v8::CpuProfilingMode::kCallerLineNumbers, true,
      v8::CpuProfilingOptions::kNoSampleLimit);

  // listen for memory sample ticks
  profiler->measurements_ticker.add_cpu_listener(id, cpu_sampler_cb);
  profiler->measurements_ticker.add_heap_listener(id, memory_sampler_cb);

  status = ProfileStatus::kStarted;
}

v8::CpuProfile *SentryProfile::Stop(Profiler *profiler) {
  // Stop the CPU Profiler
  v8::CpuProfile *profile = profiler->cpu_profiler->StopProfiling(
      v8::String::NewFromUtf8(v8::Isolate::GetCurrent(), id.c_str(),
                              v8::NewStringType::kNormal)
          .ToLocalChecked());

  // Remove the memory sampler
  profiler->measurements_ticker.remove_heap_listener(id, memory_sampler_cb);
  profiler->measurements_ticker.remove_cpu_listener(id, cpu_sampler_cb);
  // If for some reason stopProfiling was called with an invalid profile title
  // or if that title had somehow been stopped already, profile will be null.
  status = ProfileStatus::kStopped;
  return profile;
}

// Memory getters
const std::vector<uint64_t> &SentryProfile::heap_usage_timestamps() const {
  return heap_stats_ts;
};

const std::vector<uint64_t> &SentryProfile::heap_usage_values() const {
  return heap_stats_usage;
};

const uint16_t &SentryProfile::heap_usage_write_index() const {
  return heap_write_index;
};

// CPU getters
const std::vector<uint64_t> &SentryProfile::cpu_usage_timestamps() const {
  return cpu_stats_ts;
};

const std::vector<double> &SentryProfile::cpu_usage_values() const {
  return cpu_stats_usage;
};
const uint16_t &SentryProfile::cpu_usage_write_index() const {
  return cpu_write_index;
};
const uint64_t &SentryProfile::profile_start_timestamp() const {
  return timestamp;
}

static void CleanupSentryProfile(Profiler *profiler,
                                 SentryProfile *sentry_profile,
                                 const std::string &profile_id) {
  if (sentry_profile == nullptr) {
    return;
  }

  sentry_profile->Stop(profiler);
  profiler->active_profiles.erase(profile_id);
  delete sentry_profile;
};

#ifdef _WIN32
static const char kPlatformSeparator = '\\';
static const char kWinDiskPrefix = ':';
#else
static const char kPlatformSeparator = '/';
#endif

static const char kSentryPathDelimiter = '.';
static const char kSentryFileDelimiter = ':';
static const std::string kNodeModulesPath =
    std::string("node_modules") + kPlatformSeparator;

static void GetFrameModule(const std::string &abs_path, std::string &module) {
  if (abs_path.empty()) {
    return;
  }

  module = abs_path;

  // Drop .js extension
  size_t module_len = module.length();
  if (module.compare(module_len - 3, 3, ".js") == 0) {
    module = module.substr(0, module_len - 3);
  }

  // Drop anything before and including node_modules/
  size_t node_modules_pos = module.rfind(kNodeModulesPath);
  if (node_modules_pos != std::string::npos) {
    module = module.substr(node_modules_pos + 13);
  }

  // Replace all path separators with dots except the last one, that one is
  // replaced with a colon
  int match_count = 0;
  for (int pos = module.length() - 1; pos >= 0; pos--) {
    // if there is a match and it's not the first character, replace it
    if (module[pos] == kPlatformSeparator) {
      module[pos] =
          match_count == 0 ? kSentryFileDelimiter : kSentryPathDelimiter;
      match_count++;
    }
  }

#ifdef _WIN32
  // Strip out C: prefix. On Windows, the drive letter is not part of the module
  // name
  if (module[1] == kWinDiskPrefix) {
    // We will try and strip our the disk prefix.
    module = module.substr(2, std::string::npos);
  }
#endif

  if (module[0] == '.') {
    module = module.substr(1, std::string::npos);
  }
}

static napi_value GetFrameModuleWrapped(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info) {
  size_t argc = 2;
  napi_value argv[2];
  napi_get_cb_info(env, info, &argc, argv, nullptr, nullptr);

  size_t len;
  assert(napi_get_value_string_utf8(env, argv[0], NULL, 0, &len) == napi_ok);

  char *abs_path = (char *)malloc(len + 1);
  assert(napi_get_value_string_utf8(env, argv[0], abs_path, len + 1, &len) ==
         napi_ok);

  std::string module;
  napi_value napi_module;

  GetFrameModule(abs_path, module);

  assert(napi_create_string_utf8(env, module.c_str(), NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH,
                                 &napi_module) == napi_ok);
  return napi_module;
}

napi_value
CreateFrameNode(const napi_env &env, const v8::CpuProfileNode &node,
                std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> &module_cache,
                napi_value &resources) {
  napi_value js_node;
  napi_create_object(env, &js_node);

  napi_value lineno_prop;
  napi_create_int32(env, node.GetLineNumber(), &lineno_prop);
  napi_set_named_property(env, js_node, "lineno", lineno_prop);

  napi_value colno_prop;
  napi_create_int32(env, node.GetColumnNumber(), &colno_prop);
  napi_set_named_property(env, js_node, "colno", colno_prop);

  if (node.GetSourceType() != v8::CpuProfileNode::SourceType::kScript) {
    napi_value system_frame_prop;
    napi_get_boolean(env, false, &system_frame_prop);
    napi_set_named_property(env, js_node, "in_app", system_frame_prop);
  }

  napi_value function;
  napi_create_string_utf8(env, node.GetFunctionNameStr(), NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH,
                          &function);
  napi_set_named_property(env, js_node, "function", function);

  const char *resource = node.GetScriptResourceNameStr();

  if (resource != nullptr) {
    // resource is absolute path, set it on the abs_path property
    napi_value abs_path_prop;
    napi_create_string_utf8(env, resource, NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH, &abs_path_prop);
    napi_set_named_property(env, js_node, "abs_path", abs_path_prop);
    // Error stack traces are not relative to root dir, doing our own path
    // normalization breaks people's code mapping configs so we need to leave it
    // as is.
    napi_set_named_property(env, js_node, "filename", abs_path_prop);

    std::string module;
    std::string resource_str = std::string(resource);

    if (resource_str.empty()) {
      return js_node;
    }

    if (module_cache.find(resource_str) != module_cache.end()) {
      module = module_cache[resource_str];
    } else {
      napi_value resource;
      napi_create_string_utf8(env, resource_str.c_str(), NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH,
                              &resource);
      napi_set_element(env, resources, module_cache.size(), resource);

      GetFrameModule(resource_str, module);
      module_cache.emplace(resource_str, module);
    }

    if (!module.empty()) {
      napi_value filename_prop;
      napi_create_string_utf8(env, module.c_str(), NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH,
                              &filename_prop);
      napi_set_named_property(env, js_node, "module", filename_prop);
    }
  }

  return js_node;
};

napi_value CreateSample(const napi_env &env, const enum ProfileFormat format,
                        const uint32_t stack_id,
                        const int64_t sample_timestamp_ns,
                        const double chunk_timestamp,
                        const uint32_t thread_id) {
  napi_value js_node;
  napi_create_object(env, &js_node);

  napi_value stack_id_prop;
  napi_create_uint32(env, stack_id, &stack_id_prop);
  napi_set_named_property(env, js_node, "stack_id", stack_id_prop);

  napi_value thread_id_prop;
  napi_create_string_utf8(env, std::to_string(thread_id).c_str(),
                          NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH, &thread_id_prop);
  napi_set_named_property(env, js_node, "thread_id", thread_id_prop);

  switch (format) {
  case ProfileFormat::kFormatThread: {
    napi_value timestamp;
    napi_create_int64(env, sample_timestamp_ns, &timestamp);
    napi_set_named_property(env, js_node, "elapsed_since_start_ns", timestamp);
  } break;
  case ProfileFormat::kFormatChunk: {
    napi_value timestamp;
    napi_create_double(env, chunk_timestamp, &timestamp);
    napi_set_named_property(env, js_node, "timestamp", timestamp);
  } break;
  default:
    break;
  }

  return js_node;
};

std::string kDelimiter = std::string(";");
std::string hashCpuProfilerNodeByPath(const v8::CpuProfileNode *node,
                                      std::string &path) {
  path.clear();

  while (node != nullptr) {
    path.append(std::to_string(node->GetNodeId()));
    node = node->GetParent();
  }

  return path;
}

static void GetSamples(const napi_env &env, const v8::CpuProfile *profile,
                       ProfileFormat format,
                       const uint64_t profile_start_timestamp_ms,
                       const uint32_t thread_id, napi_value &samples,
                       napi_value &stacks, napi_value &frames,
                       napi_value &resources) {
  const int64_t profile_start_time_us = profile->GetStartTime();
  const int64_t sampleCount = profile->GetSamplesCount();

  uint32_t unique_stack_id = 0;
  uint32_t unique_frame_id = 0;

  // Initialize the lookup tables for stacks and frames, both of these are
  // indexed in the sample format we are using to optimize for size.
  std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> frame_lookup_table;
  std::unordered_map<std::string, uint32_t> stack_lookup_table;
  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> module_cache;

  // At worst, all stacks are unique so reserve the maximum amount of space
  stack_lookup_table.reserve(sampleCount);

  std::string node_hash = "";

  for (int i = 0; i < sampleCount; i++) {
    uint32_t stack_index = unique_stack_id;

    const v8::CpuProfileNode *node = profile->GetSample(i);
    const int64_t sample_timestamp_us = profile->GetSampleTimestamp(i);

    // If a node was only on top of the stack once, then it will only ever
    // be inserted once and there is no need for hashing.
    if (node->GetHitCount() > 1) {
      hashCpuProfilerNodeByPath(node, node_hash);

      std::unordered_map<std::string, uint32_t>::iterator
          stack_index_cache_hit = stack_lookup_table.find(node_hash);

      // If we have a hit, update the stack index, otherwise
      // insert it into the hash table and continue.
      if (stack_index_cache_hit == stack_lookup_table.end()) {
        stack_lookup_table.emplace(node_hash, stack_index);
      } else {
        stack_index = stack_index_cache_hit->second;
      }
    }

    uint64_t sample_delta_us = sample_timestamp_us - profile_start_time_us;
    uint64_t sample_timestamp_ns = sample_delta_us * 1e3;
    uint64_t sample_offset_from_profile_start_ms =
        (sample_timestamp_us - profile_start_time_us) * 1e-3;
    double seconds_since_start =
        (profile_start_timestamp_ms + sample_offset_from_profile_start_ms) *
        1e-3;

    napi_value sample = nullptr;
    sample = CreateSample(env, format, stack_index, sample_timestamp_ns,
                          seconds_since_start, thread_id);

    if (stack_index != unique_stack_id) {
      napi_value index;
      napi_create_uint32(env, i, &index);
      napi_set_property(env, samples, index, sample);
      continue;
    }

    // A stack is a list of frames ordered from outermost (top) to innermost
    // frame (bottom)
    napi_value stack;
    napi_create_array(env, &stack);

    uint32_t stack_depth = 0;

    while (node != nullptr && stack_depth < kMaxStackDepth) {
      auto nodeId = node->GetNodeId();
      auto frame_index = frame_lookup_table.find(nodeId);

      // If the frame does not exist in the index
      if (frame_index == frame_lookup_table.end()) {
        frame_lookup_table.emplace(nodeId, unique_frame_id);

        napi_value frame_id;
        napi_create_uint32(env, unique_frame_id, &frame_id);

        napi_value depth;
        napi_create_uint32(env, stack_depth, &depth);
        napi_set_property(env, stack, depth, frame_id);
        napi_set_property(env, frames, frame_id,
                          CreateFrameNode(env, *node, module_cache, resources));

        unique_frame_id++;
      } else {
        // If it was already indexed, just add it's id to the stack
        napi_value depth;
        napi_create_uint32(env, stack_depth, &depth);

        napi_value frame;
        napi_create_uint32(env, frame_index->second, &frame);
        napi_set_property(env, stack, depth, frame);
      };

      // Continue walking down the stack
      node = node->GetParent();
      stack_depth++;
    }

    napi_value napi_sample_index;
    napi_value napi_stack_index;

    napi_create_uint32(env, i, &napi_sample_index);
    napi_set_property(env, samples, napi_sample_index, sample);
    napi_create_uint32(env, stack_index, &napi_stack_index);
    napi_set_property(env, stacks, napi_stack_index, stack);

    unique_stack_id++;
  }
}

static napi_value TranslateMeasurementsDouble(
    const napi_env &env, const enum ProfileFormat format, const char *unit,
    const uint64_t profile_start_timestamp_ms, const uint16_t size,
    const std::vector<double> &values,
    const std::vector<uint64_t> &timestamps_ns) {
  if (size > values.size() || size > timestamps_ns.size()) {
    napi_throw_range_error(env, "NAPI_ERROR",
                           "CPU measurement size is larger than the number of "
                           "values or timestamps");
    return nullptr;
  }

  if (values.size() != timestamps_ns.size()) {
    napi_throw_range_error(env, "NAPI_ERROR",
                           "CPU measurement entries are corrupt, expected "
                           "values and timestamps to be of equal length");
    return nullptr;
  }

  napi_value measurement;
  napi_create_object(env, &measurement);

  napi_value unit_string;
  napi_create_string_utf8(env, unit, NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH, &unit_string);
  napi_set_named_property(env, measurement, "unit", unit_string);

  napi_value values_array;
  napi_create_array(env, &values_array);

  uint16_t idx = size;

  for (size_t i = 0; i < idx; i++) {
    napi_value entry;
    napi_create_object(env, &entry);

    napi_value value;
    if (napi_create_double(env, values[i], &value) != napi_ok) {
      if (napi_create_double(env, 0.0, &value) != napi_ok) {
        continue;
      }
    }

    napi_set_named_property(env, entry, "value", value);

    if (format == ProfileFormat::kFormatThread) {
      napi_value ts;
      napi_create_int64(env, timestamps_ns[i], &ts);
      napi_set_named_property(env, entry, "elapsed_since_start_ns", ts);
    } else if (format == ProfileFormat::kFormatChunk) {
      napi_value ts;
      napi_create_double(
          env, profile_start_timestamp_ms + (timestamps_ns[i] * 1e-9), &ts);
      napi_set_named_property(env, entry, "timestamp", ts);
    }

    napi_set_element(env, values_array, i, entry);
  }

  napi_set_named_property(env, measurement, "values", values_array);

  return measurement;
}

static napi_value
TranslateMeasurements(const napi_env &env, const enum ProfileFormat format,
                      const char *unit,
                      const uint64_t profile_start_timestamp_ms,
                      const uint16_t size, const std::vector<uint64_t> &values,
                      const std::vector<uint64_t> &timestamps_ns) {
  if (size > values.size() || size > timestamps_ns.size()) {
    napi_throw_range_error(env, "NAPI_ERROR",
                           "Memory measurement size is larger than the number "
                           "of values or timestamps");
    return nullptr;
  }

  if (values.size() != timestamps_ns.size()) {
    napi_throw_range_error(env, "NAPI_ERROR",
                           "Memory measurement entries are corrupt, expected "
                           "values and timestamps to be of equal length");
    return nullptr;
  }

  napi_value measurement;
  napi_create_object(env, &measurement);

  napi_value unit_string;
  napi_create_string_utf8(env, unit, NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH, &unit_string);
  napi_set_named_property(env, measurement, "unit", unit_string);

  napi_value values_array;
  napi_create_array(env, &values_array);

  for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
    napi_value entry;
    napi_create_object(env, &entry);

    napi_value value;
    napi_create_int64(env, values[i], &value);

    napi_set_named_property(env, entry, "value", value);
    switch (format) {
    case ProfileFormat::kFormatThread: {
      napi_value ts;
      napi_create_int64(env, timestamps_ns[i], &ts);
      napi_set_named_property(env, entry, "elapsed_since_start_ns", ts);
    } break;
    case ProfileFormat::kFormatChunk: {
      napi_value ts;
      napi_create_double(
          env, profile_start_timestamp_ms + (timestamps_ns[i] * 1e-9), &ts);
      napi_set_named_property(env, entry, "timestamp", ts);
    } break;
    default:
      break;
    }
    napi_set_element(env, values_array, i, entry);
  }

  napi_set_named_property(env, measurement, "values", values_array);

  return measurement;
}

static napi_value TranslateProfile(const napi_env &env,
                                   const v8::CpuProfile *profile,
                                   const enum ProfileFormat format,
                                   const uint64_t profile_start_timestamp_ms,
                                   const uint32_t thread_id,
                                   bool collect_resources) {
  napi_value js_profile;

  napi_create_object(env, &js_profile);

  napi_value logging_mode;
  napi_value samples;
  napi_value stacks;
  napi_value frames;
  napi_value resources;

  napi_create_string_utf8(
      env,
      GetLoggingMode() == v8::CpuProfilingLoggingMode::kEagerLogging ? "eager"
                                                                     : "lazy",
      NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH, &logging_mode);

  napi_create_array(env, &samples);
  napi_create_array(env, &stacks);
  napi_create_array(env, &frames);
  napi_create_array(env, &resources);

  napi_set_named_property(env, js_profile, "samples", samples);
  napi_set_named_property(env, js_profile, "stacks", stacks);
  napi_set_named_property(env, js_profile, "frames", frames);
  napi_set_named_property(env, js_profile, "profiler_logging_mode",
                          logging_mode);

  GetSamples(env, profile, format, profile_start_timestamp_ms, thread_id,
             samples, stacks, frames, resources);

  if (collect_resources) {
    napi_set_named_property(env, js_profile, "resources", resources);
  } else {
    napi_create_array(env, &resources);
    napi_set_named_property(env, js_profile, "resources", resources);
  }

  return js_profile;
}

static napi_value StartProfiling(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info) {
  size_t argc = 1;
  napi_value argv[1];

  assert(napi_get_cb_info(env, info, &argc, argv, NULL, NULL) == napi_ok);

  napi_valuetype callbacktype0;
  assert(napi_typeof(env, argv[0], &callbacktype0) == napi_ok);

  if (callbacktype0 != napi_string) {
    napi_throw_error(
        env, "NAPI_ERROR",
        "TypeError: StartProfiling expects a string as first argument.");
    napi_value napi_null;
    assert(napi_get_null(env, &napi_null) == napi_ok);

    return napi_null;
  }

  size_t len;
  assert(napi_get_value_string_utf8(env, argv[0], NULL, 0, &len) == napi_ok);

  char *title = (char *)malloc(len + 1);
  assert(napi_get_value_string_utf8(env, argv[0], title, len + 1, &len) ==
         napi_ok);

  if (len < 1) {
    napi_throw_error(env, "NAPI_ERROR",
                     "StartProfiling expects a non-empty string as first "
                     "argument, got an empty string.");

    napi_value napi_null;
    assert(napi_get_null(env, &napi_null) == napi_ok);

    return napi_null;
  }

  v8::Isolate *isolate = v8::Isolate::GetCurrent();
  assert(isolate != 0);

  Profiler *profiler;
  assert(napi_get_instance_data(env, (void **)&profiler) == napi_ok);

  if (!profiler) {
    napi_throw_error(env, "NAPI_ERROR",
                     "StartProfiling: Profiler is not initialized.");

    napi_value napi_null;
    assert(napi_get_null(env, &napi_null) == napi_ok);

    return napi_null;
  }

  const std::string profile_id(title);
  // In case we have a collision, cleanup the old profile first
  auto existing_profile = profiler->active_profiles.find(profile_id);
  if (existing_profile != profiler->active_profiles.end()) {
    existing_profile->second->Stop(profiler);
    CleanupSentryProfile(profiler, existing_profile->second, profile_id);
  }

  SentryProfile *sentry_profile = new SentryProfile(title);
  sentry_profile->Start(profiler);

  profiler->active_profiles.emplace(profile_id, sentry_profile);

  napi_value napi_null;
  assert(napi_get_null(env, &napi_null) == napi_ok);

  return napi_null;
}

// StopProfiling(string title)
// https://v8docs.nodesource.com/node-18.2/d2/d34/classv8_1_1_cpu_profiler.html#a40ca4c8a8aa4c9233aa2a2706457cc80
static napi_value StopProfiling(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info) {
  size_t argc = 4;
  napi_value argv[4];

  assert(napi_get_cb_info(env, info, &argc, argv, NULL, NULL) == napi_ok);

  if (argc < 3) {
    napi_throw_error(env, "NAPI_ERROR",
                     "StopProfiling expects at least three arguments.");

    napi_value napi_null;
    assert(napi_get_null(env, &napi_null) == napi_ok);

    return napi_null;
  }

  // Verify the first argument is a string
  napi_valuetype callbacktype0;
  assert(napi_typeof(env, argv[0], &callbacktype0) == napi_ok);

  if (callbacktype0 != napi_string) {
    napi_throw_error(env, "NAPI_ERROR",
                     "StopProfiling expects a string as first argument.");

    napi_value napi_null;
    assert(napi_get_null(env, &napi_null) == napi_ok);

    return napi_null;
  }

  size_t len;
  assert(napi_get_value_string_utf8(env, argv[0], NULL, 0, &len) == napi_ok);

  char *title = (char *)malloc(len + 1);
  assert(napi_get_value_string_utf8(env, argv[0], title, len + 1, &len) ==
         napi_ok);

  if (len < 1) {
    napi_throw_error(
        env, "NAPI_ERROR",
        "StopProfiling expects a non empty string as first argument.");

    napi_value napi_null;
    assert(napi_get_null(env, &napi_null) == napi_ok);

    return napi_null;
  }

  // Verify the second argument is a number
  napi_valuetype callbacktype1;
  assert(napi_typeof(env, argv[1], &callbacktype1) == napi_ok);

  if (callbacktype1 != napi_number) {
    napi_throw_error(env, "NAPI_ERROR",
                     "StopProfiling expects a format type as second argument.");

    napi_value napi_null;
    assert(napi_get_null(env, &napi_null) == napi_ok);

    return napi_null;
  }

  // Verify the second argument is a number
  napi_valuetype callbacktype2;
  assert(napi_typeof(env, argv[2], &callbacktype2) == napi_ok);

  if (callbacktype2 != napi_number) {
    napi_throw_error(
        env, "NAPI_ERROR",
        "StopProfiling expects a thread_id integer as third argument.");

    napi_value napi_null;
    assert(napi_get_null(env, &napi_null) == napi_ok);
    return napi_null;
  }

  // Get the value of the second argument and convert it to uint8
  int32_t format;
  assert(napi_get_value_int32(env, argv[1], &format) == napi_ok);

  // Get the value of the second argument and convert it to uint64
  int64_t thread_id;
  assert(napi_get_value_int64(env, argv[2], &thread_id) == napi_ok);

  // Get profiler from instance data
  Profiler *profiler;
  assert(napi_get_instance_data(env, (void **)&profiler) == napi_ok);

  if (!profiler) {
    napi_throw_error(env, "NAPI_ERROR",
                     "StopProfiling: Profiler is not initialized.");

    napi_value napi_null;
    assert(napi_get_null(env, &napi_null) == napi_ok);
    return napi_null;
  }

  const std::string profile_id(title);
  auto profile = profiler->active_profiles.find(profile_id);

  // If the profile was never started, silently ignore the call and return null
  if (profile == profiler->active_profiles.end()) {
    napi_value napi_null;
    assert(napi_get_null(env, &napi_null) == napi_ok);
    return napi_null;
  }

  v8::CpuProfile *cpu_profile = profile->second->Stop(profiler);

  // If for some reason stopProfiling was called with an invalid profile title
  // or if that title had somehow been stopped already, profile will be null.
  if (!cpu_profile) {
    CleanupSentryProfile(profiler, profile->second, profile_id);

    napi_value napi_null;
    assert(napi_get_null(env, &napi_null) == napi_ok);
    return napi_null;
  };

  napi_valuetype callbacktype3;
  assert(napi_typeof(env, argv[3], &callbacktype3) == napi_ok);

  bool collect_resources;
  napi_get_value_bool(env, argv[3], &collect_resources);

  const ProfileFormat format_type = static_cast<ProfileFormat>(format);

  if (format_type != ProfileFormat::kFormatThread &&
      format_type != ProfileFormat::kFormatChunk) {
    napi_throw_error(
        env, "NAPI_ERROR",
        "StopProfiling expects a valid format type as second argument.");

    napi_value napi_null;
    assert(napi_get_null(env, &napi_null) == napi_ok);
    return napi_null;
  }

  napi_value js_profile = TranslateProfile(
      env, cpu_profile, format_type, profile->second->profile_start_timestamp(),
      thread_id, collect_resources);

  napi_value measurements;
  napi_create_object(env, &measurements);

  if (profile->second->heap_usage_write_index() > 0) {
    static const char *memory_unit = "byte";
    napi_value heap_usage_measurements =
        TranslateMeasurements(env, format_type, memory_unit,
                              profile->second->profile_start_timestamp(),
                              profile->second->heap_usage_write_index(),
                              profile->second->heap_usage_values(),
                              profile->second->heap_usage_timestamps());

    if (heap_usage_measurements != nullptr) {
      napi_set_named_property(env, measurements, "memory_footprint",
                              heap_usage_measurements);
    };
  };

  if (profile->second->cpu_usage_write_index() > 0) {
    static const char *cpu_unit = "percent";
    napi_value cpu_usage_measurements = TranslateMeasurementsDouble(
        env, format_type, cpu_unit, profile->second->profile_start_timestamp(),
        profile->second->cpu_usage_write_index(),
        profile->second->cpu_usage_values(),
        profile->second->cpu_usage_timestamps());

    if (cpu_usage_measurements != nullptr) {
      napi_set_named_property(env, measurements, "cpu_usage",
                              cpu_usage_measurements);
    };
  };

  napi_set_named_property(env, js_profile, "measurements", measurements);

  CleanupSentryProfile(profiler, profile->second, profile_id);
  cpu_profile->Delete();

  return js_profile;
};

void FreeAddonData(napi_env env, void *data, void *hint) {
  Profiler *profiler = static_cast<Profiler *>(data);

  if (profiler == nullptr) {
    return;
  }

  if (!profiler->active_profiles.empty()) {
    for (auto &profile : profiler->active_profiles) {
      CleanupSentryProfile(profiler, profile.second, profile.first);
    }
  }

  if (profiler->cpu_profiler != nullptr) {
    profiler->cpu_profiler->Dispose();
    profiler->cpu_profiler = nullptr;
  }

  delete profiler;
}

napi_value Init(napi_env env, napi_value exports) {
  v8::Isolate *isolate = v8::Isolate::GetCurrent();

  if (isolate == nullptr) {
    napi_throw_error(env, nullptr,
                     "Failed to initialize Sentry profiler: isolate is null.");
    return NULL;
  }

  Profiler *profiler = new Profiler(env, isolate);
  profiler->cpu_profiler->SetSamplingInterval(kSamplingInterval);

  if (napi_set_instance_data(env, profiler, FreeAddonData, NULL) != napi_ok) {
    napi_throw_error(env, nullptr, "Failed to set instance data for profiler.");
    return NULL;
  }

  napi_value start_profiling;
  if (napi_create_function(env, "startProfiling", NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH,
                           StartProfiling, exports,
                           &start_profiling) != napi_ok) {
    napi_throw_error(env, nullptr, "Failed to create startProfiling function.");
    return NULL;
  }

  if (napi_set_named_property(env, exports, "startProfiling",
                              start_profiling) != napi_ok) {
    napi_throw_error(env, nullptr,
                     "Failed to set startProfiling property on exports.");
    return NULL;
  }

  napi_value stop_profiling;
  if (napi_create_function(env, "stopProfiling", NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH,
                           StopProfiling, exports,
                           &stop_profiling) != napi_ok) {
    napi_throw_error(env, nullptr, "Failed to create stopProfiling function.");
    return NULL;
  }

  if (napi_set_named_property(env, exports, "stopProfiling", stop_profiling) !=
      napi_ok) {
    napi_throw_error(env, nullptr,
                     "Failed to set stopProfiling property on exports.");
    return NULL;
  }

  napi_value get_frame_module;
  if (napi_create_function(env, "getFrameModule", NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH,
                           GetFrameModuleWrapped, exports,
                           &get_frame_module) != napi_ok) {
    napi_throw_error(env, nullptr, "Failed to create getFrameModule function.");
    return NULL;
  }

  if (napi_set_named_property(env, exports, "getFrameModule",
                              get_frame_module) != napi_ok) {
    napi_throw_error(env, nullptr,
                     "Failed to set getFrameModule property on exports.");
    return NULL;
  }

  return exports;
}

NAPI_MODULE(NODE_GYP_MODULE_NAME, Init)