gax: Quota project id cannot be used in combination with no credentials

[irock]

Environment details

1. Specify the artifact at the beginning of the title. For example, "api-common", "gax" etc)
2. OS type and version: OSX 13.3.1
3. Java version: 17.0.6
4. artifact version(s): 2.24.0

Steps to reproduce

If possible, please provide a test case or sample application that reproduces the problem. This makes it much easier for us to diagnose the problem and to verify that we have fixed it.

1. Create a Pub/Sub Subscriber with NoCredentialsProvider and a quota project set.
2. The created Subscriber will not be able to process messages, but critically fail during startup.

Code example

Subscriber.newBuilder(...)
    .setCredentialsProvider(NoCredentialsProvider.create())
    .setHeaderProvider(() -> Map.of("x-goog-user-project", "test"))
    ...
    .build()
    .startAsync();

Stack trace

com.google.api.gax.rpc.UnauthenticatedException: com.google.api.gax.rpc.UnauthenticatedException: io.grpc.StatusRuntimeException: UNAUTHENTICATED: Failed computing credential metadata
        at com.google.api.gax.rpc.ApiExceptionFactory.createException(ApiExceptionFactory.java:116)
        at com.google.api.gax.rpc.ApiExceptionFactory.createException(ApiExceptionFactory.java:41)
        at com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.StreamingSubscriberConnection$1.onFailure(StreamingSubscriberConnection.java:340)
        at com.google.api.core.ApiFutures$1.onFailure(ApiFutures.java:67)
        at com.google.common.util.concurrent.Futures$CallbackListener.run(Futures.java:1132)
        at com.google.common.util.concurrent.DirectExecutor.execute(DirectExecutor.java:31)
        at com.google.common.util.concurrent.AbstractFuture.executeListener(AbstractFuture.java:1270)
        at com.google.common.util.concurrent.AbstractFuture.complete(AbstractFuture.java:1038)
        at com.google.common.util.concurrent.AbstractFuture.setException(AbstractFuture.java:808)
        at com.google.api.core.AbstractApiFuture$InternalSettableFuture.setException(AbstractApiFuture.java:92)
        at com.google.api.core.AbstractApiFuture.setException(AbstractApiFuture.java:74)
        at com.google.api.core.SettableApiFuture.setException(SettableApiFuture.java:51)
...

External references such as API reference guides

• ?

Any additional information below

Following these steps guarantees the quickest resolution possible.

Thanks!