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Client Identity Chaincode Library

The client identity chaincode library enables you to write chaincode which makes access control decisions based on the identity of the client (i.e. the invoker of the chaincode). In particular, you may make access control decisions based on any or a combination of the following information associated with the client:

  • the client identity's MSP (Membership Service Provider) ID
  • an attribute associated with the client identity
  • an OU (Organizational Unit) value associated with the client identity

Attributes are simply name and value pairs associated with an identity. For example, email=me@gmail.com indicates an identity has the email attribute with a value of me@gmail.com.

Using the client identity chaincode library

This section describes how to use the client identity chaincode library.

All code samples below assume two things:

  1. The type of the stub variable is ChaincodeStubInterface as passed to your chaincode.

  2. You have added the following import statement to your chaincode.

    import "github.com/hyperledger/fabric-chaincode-go/v2/pkg/cid"

Getting the client's ID

The following demonstrates how to get an ID for the client which is guaranteed to be unique within the MSP:

id, err := cid.GetID(stub)

Getting the MSP ID

The following demonstrates how to get the MSP ID of the client's identity:

mspid, err := cid.GetMSPID(stub)

Getting an attribute value

The following demonstrates how to get the value of the attr1 attribute:

val, ok, err := cid.GetAttributeValue(stub, "attr1")
if err != nil {
   // There was an error trying to retrieve the attribute
}
if !ok {
   // The client identity does not possess the attribute
}
// Do something with the value of 'val'

Asserting an attribute value

Often all you want to do is to make an access control decision based on the value of an attribute, i.e. to assert the value of an attribute. For example, the following will return an error if the client does not have the myapp.admin attribute with a value of true:

err := cid.AssertAttributeValue(stub, "myapp.admin", "true")
if err != nil {
   // Return an error
}

This is effectively using attributes to implement role-based access control, or RBAC for short.

Checking for a specific OU value

found, err := cid.HasOUValue(stub, "myapp.admin")
if err != nil {
   // Return an error
}
if !found {
   // The client identity is not part of the Organizational Unit
   // Return an error
}

Getting the client's X509 certificate

The following demonstrates how to get the X509 certificate of the client, or nil if the client's identity was not based on an X509 certificate:

cert, err := cid.GetX509Certificate(stub)

Note that both cert and err may be nil as will be the case if the identity is not using an X509 certificate.

Performing multiple operations more efficiently

Sometimes you may need to perform multiple operations in order to make an access decision. For example, the following demonstrates how to grant access to identities with MSP org1MSP and attr1 OR with MSP org1MSP and attr2.

// Get the Client ID object
id, err := cid.New(stub)
if err != nil {
   // Handle error
}
mspid, err := id.GetMSPID()
if err != nil {
   // Handle error
}
switch mspid {
   case "org1MSP":
      err = id.AssertAttributeValue("attr1", "true")
   case "org2MSP":
      err = id.AssertAttributeValue("attr2", "true")
   default:
      err = errors.New("Wrong MSP")
}

Although it is not required, it is more efficient to make the cid.New call to get the ClientID object if you need to perform multiple operations, as demonstrated above.

Adding Attributes to Identities

This section describes how to add custom attributes to certificates when using Hyperledger Fabric CA as well as when using an external CA.

Managing attributes with Fabric CA

There are two methods of adding attributes to an enrollment certificate with fabric-ca:

  1. When you register an identity, you can specify that an enrollment certificate issued for the identity should by default contain an attribute. This behavior can be overridden at enrollment time, but this is useful for establishing default behavior and, assuming registration occurs outside of your application, does not require any application change.

    The following shows how to register user1 with two attributes: app1Admin and email. The ":ecert" suffix causes the appAdmin attribute to be inserted into user1's enrollment certificate by default. The email attribute is not added to the enrollment certificate by default.

    fabric-ca-client register --id.name user1 --id.secret user1pw --id.type user --id.affiliation org1 --id.attrs 'app1Admin=true:ecert,email=user1@gmail.com'

  2. When you enroll an identity, you may request that one or more attributes be added to the certificate. For each attribute requested, you may specify whether the attribute is optional or not. If it is not optional but does not exist for the identity, enrollment fails.

    The following shows how to enroll user1 with the email attribute, without the app1Admin attribute and optionally with the phone attribute (if the user possesses phone attribute).

    fabric-ca-client enroll -u http://user1:user1pw@localhost:7054 --enrollment.attrs "email,phone:opt"

Attribute format in a certificate

Attributes are stored inside an X509 certificate as an extension with an ASN.1 OID (Abstract Syntax Notation Object IDentifier) of 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.1. The value of the extension is a JSON string of the form {"attrs":{<attrName>:<attrValue}}. The following is a sample of a certificate which contains the attr1 attribute with a value of val1. See the final entry in the X509v3 extensions section. Note also that the JSON entry could contain multiple attributes, though this sample shows only one.

Certificate:
    Data:
        Version: 3 (0x2)
        Serial Number:
            1e:49:98:e9:f4:4f:d0:03:53:bf:36:81:c0:a0:a4:31:96:4f:52:75
        Signature Algorithm: ecdsa-with-SHA256
        Issuer: CN=fabric-ca-server
        Validity
            Not Before: Sep  8 03:42:00 2017 GMT
            Not After : Sep  8 03:42:00 2018 GMT
        Subject: CN=MyTestUserWithAttrs
        Subject Public Key Info:
            Public Key Algorithm: id-ecPublicKey
            EC Public Key:
                pub:
                    04:e6:07:5a:f7:09:d5:af:38:e3:f7:a2:90:77:0e:
                    32:67:5b:70:a7:37:ca:b5:c9:d8:91:77:39:ae:03:
                    a0:36:ad:72:b3:3c:89:6d:1e:f6:1b:6d:2a:88:49:
                    92:6e:6e:cc:bc:81:52:fa:19:88:18:5c:d7:6e:eb:
                    d4:73:cc:51:79
                ASN1 OID: prime256v1
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Key Usage: critical
                Certificate Sign
            X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical
                CA:FALSE
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
                D8:28:B4:C0:BC:92:4A:D3:C3:8C:54:6C:08:86:33:10:A6:8D:83:AE
            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
                keyid:C4:B3:FE:76:0D:E2:DE:3C:FC:75:FB:AE:55:86:04:F0:BB:7F:F6:01

            X509v3 Subject Alternative Name:
                DNS:Anils-MacBook-Pro.local
            1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.1:
                {"attrs":{"attr1":"val1"}}
    Signature Algorithm: ecdsa-with-SHA256
        30:45:02:21:00:fb:84:a9:65:29:b2:f4:d3:bc:1a:8b:47:92:
        5e:41:27:2d:26:ec:f7:cd:aa:86:46:a4:ac:da:25:be:40:1d:
        c5:02:20:08:3f:49:86:58:a7:20:48:64:4c:30:1b:da:a9:a2:
        f2:b4:16:28:f6:fd:e1:46:dd:6b:f2:3f:2f:37:4a:4c:72

If you want to use the client identity library to extract or assert attribute values as described previously but you are not using Hyperledger Fabric CA, then you must ensure that the certificates which are issued by your external CA contain attributes of the form shown above. In particular, the certificates must contain the 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.1 X509v3 extension with a JSON value containing the attribute names and values for the identity.

If your external CA does not support extensions with an unknown OID like 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.1, the OU fields of the certificate subject's DN can be used as an alternative to the attributes and the HasOUValue function of the cid library can be used in the chaincode to control access.