diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/tuple_lookups.py b/django/db/models/fields/tuple_lookups.py
index 51432a666b5f..2f195f25b9cb 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/tuple_lookups.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/tuple_lookups.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 from django.core.exceptions import EmptyResultSet
 from django.db.models import Field
-from django.db.models.expressions import ColPairs, Func, Value
+from django.db.models.expressions import ColPairs, Func, ResolvedOuterRef, Value
 from django.db.models.lookups import (
     Exact,
     GreaterThan,
@@ -32,8 +32,11 @@ class TupleLookupMixin:
     allows_composite_expressions = True
 
     def get_prep_lookup(self):
-        self.check_rhs_is_tuple_or_list()
-        self.check_rhs_length_equals_lhs_length()
+        if self.rhs_is_direct_value():
+            self.check_rhs_is_tuple_or_list()
+            self.check_rhs_length_equals_lhs_length()
+        else:
+            self.check_rhs_is_outer_ref()
         return self.rhs
 
     def check_rhs_is_tuple_or_list(self):
@@ -51,6 +54,15 @@ def check_rhs_length_equals_lhs_length(self):
                 f"{self.lookup_name!r} lookup of {lhs_str} must have {len_lhs} elements"
             )
 
+    def check_rhs_is_outer_ref(self):
+        if not isinstance(self.rhs, ResolvedOuterRef):
+            lhs_str = self.get_lhs_str()
+            rhs_cls = self.rhs.__class__.__name__
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"{self.lookup_name!r} subquery lookup of {lhs_str} "
+                f"only supports OuterRef objects (received {rhs_cls!r})"
+            )
+
     def get_lhs_str(self):
         if isinstance(self.lhs, ColPairs):
             return repr(self.lhs.field.name)
@@ -70,11 +82,19 @@ def process_lhs(self, compiler, connection, lhs=None):
         return sql, params
 
     def process_rhs(self, compiler, connection):
-        values = [
-            Value(val, output_field=col.output_field)
-            for col, val in zip(self.lhs, self.rhs)
-        ]
-        return Tuple(*values).as_sql(compiler, connection)
+        if self.rhs_is_direct_value():
+            args = [
+                Value(val, output_field=col.output_field)
+                for col, val in zip(self.lhs, self.rhs)
+            ]
+            return Tuple(*args).as_sql(compiler, connection)
+        else:
+            sql, params = compiler.compile(self.rhs)
+            if not isinstance(self.rhs, ColPairs):
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Composite field lookups only work with composite expressions."
+                )
+            return "(%s)" % sql, params
 
 
 class TupleExact(TupleLookupMixin, Exact):
diff --git a/tests/composite_pk/test_filter.py b/tests/composite_pk/test_filter.py
index 864877483a7c..4edf94742369 100644
--- a/tests/composite_pk/test_filter.py
+++ b/tests/composite_pk/test_filter.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-from django.db.models import F, TextField
+from django.db.models import F, FilteredRelation, OuterRef, Q, Subquery, TextField
 from django.db.models.functions import Cast
+from django.db.models.lookups import Exact
 from django.test import TestCase
 
 from .models import Comment, Tenant, User
@@ -407,3 +408,51 @@ def test_cannot_cast_pk(self):
         msg = "Cast does not support composite primary keys."
         with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg):
             Comment.objects.filter(text__gt=Cast(F("pk"), TextField())).count()
+
+    def test_outer_ref_pk(self):
+        subquery = Subquery(Comment.objects.filter(pk=OuterRef("pk")).values("id"))
+        tests = [
+            ("", 5),
+            ("__gt", 0),
+            ("__gte", 5),
+            ("__lt", 0),
+            ("__lte", 5),
+        ]
+        for lookup, expected_count in tests:
+            with self.subTest(f"id{lookup}"):
+                queryset = Comment.objects.filter(**{f"id{lookup}": subquery})
+                self.assertEqual(queryset.count(), expected_count)
+
+    def test_non_outer_ref_subquery(self):
+        # If rhs is any non-OuterRef object with an as_sql() function.
+        pk = Exact(F("tenant_id"), 1)
+        msg = (
+            "'exact' subquery lookup of 'pk' only supports OuterRef objects "
+            "(received 'Exact')"
+        )
+        with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg):
+            Comment.objects.filter(pk=pk)
+
+    def test_outer_ref_not_composite_pk(self):
+        subquery = Comment.objects.filter(pk=OuterRef("id")).values("id")
+        queryset = Comment.objects.filter(id=Subquery(subquery))
+
+        msg = "Composite field lookups only work with composite expressions."
+        with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg):
+            self.assertEqual(queryset.count(), 5)
+
+    def test_outer_ref_in_filtered_relation(self):
+        msg = (
+            "This queryset contains a reference to an outer query and may only be used "
+            "in a subquery."
+        )
+        with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, msg):
+            self.assertSequenceEqual(
+                Tenant.objects.annotate(
+                    filtered_tokens=FilteredRelation(
+                        "tokens",
+                        condition=Q(tokens__pk__gte=OuterRef("tokens")),
+                    )
+                ).filter(filtered_tokens=(1, 1)),
+                [self.tenant_1],
+            )