diff --git a/cli/package.json b/cli/package.json
index f20151812..8d1c3b75f 100644
--- a/cli/package.json
+++ b/cli/package.json
@@ -44,38 +44,38 @@
     "watch": "npm run assets && tsc -w"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "@ionic/cli-framework-output": "^2.2.5",
-    "@ionic/utils-subprocess": "2.1.11",
-    "@ionic/utils-terminal": "^2.3.3",
-    "commander": "^9.3.0",
-    "debug": "^4.3.4",
+    "@ionic/cli-framework-output": "^2.2.8",
+    "@ionic/utils-subprocess": "^3.0.1",
+    "@ionic/utils-terminal": "^2.3.5",
+    "commander": "^12.1.0",
+    "debug": "^4.4.0",
     "env-paths": "^2.2.0",
     "fs-extra": "^11.2.0",
-    "kleur": "^4.1.4",
-    "native-run": "^2.0.0",
+    "kleur": "^4.1.5",
+    "native-run": "^2.0.1",
     "open": "^8.4.0",
-    "plist": "^3.0.5",
+    "plist": "^3.1.0",
     "prompts": "^2.4.2",
-    "rimraf": "^4.4.1",
-    "semver": "^7.3.7",
+    "rimraf": "^6.0.1",
+    "semver": "^7.6.3",
     "tar": "^6.1.11",
-    "tslib": "^2.4.0",
-    "xml2js": "^0.5.0"
+    "tslib": "^2.8.1",
+    "xml2js": "^0.6.2"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@types/debug": "^4.1.7",
+    "@types/debug": "^4.1.12",
     "@types/fs-extra": "^11.0.4",
-    "@types/jest": "^29.5.0",
-    "@types/plist": "^3.0.2",
-    "@types/prompts": "^2.0.14",
-    "@types/semver": "^7.3.10",
+    "@types/jest": "^29.5.14",
+    "@types/plist": "^3.0.5",
+    "@types/prompts": "^2.4.9",
+    "@types/semver": "^7.5.8",
     "@types/tar": "^6.1.1",
-    "@types/tmp": "^0.2.3",
+    "@types/tmp": "^0.2.6",
     "@types/xml2js": "0.4.5",
-    "jest": "^29.5.0",
-    "jest-environment-jsdom": "^29.5.0",
-    "jest-jasmine2": "^29.5.0",
-    "tmp": "^0.2.1",
+    "jest": "^29.7.0",
+    "jest-environment-jsdom": "^29.7.0",
+    "jest-jasmine2": "^29.7.0",
+    "tmp": "^0.2.3",
     "ts-jest": "^29.0.5",
     "typescript": "~5.0.2"
   },
diff --git a/cli/src/index.ts b/cli/src/index.ts
index 1c014fbd1..7afede477 100644
--- a/cli/src/index.ts
+++ b/cli/src/index.ts
@@ -187,8 +187,7 @@ export function runProgram(config: Config): void {
     .option('--scheme <schemeName>', 'set the scheme of the iOS project')
     .option('--flavor <flavorName>', 'set the flavor of the Android project (flavor dimensions not yet supported)')
     .option('--list', 'list targets, then quit')
-    // TODO: remove once --json is a hidden option (https://github.com/tj/commander.js/issues/1106)
-    .allowUnknownOption(true)
+    .addOption(new Option('--json').hideHelp())
     .option('--target <id>', 'use a specific target')
     .option('--no-sync', `do not run ${c.input('sync')}`)
     .option('--forwardPorts <port:port>', 'Automatically run "adb reverse" for better live-reloading support')
@@ -202,13 +201,14 @@ export function runProgram(config: Config): void {
           config,
           async (
             platform,
-            { scheme, flavor, list, target, sync, forwardPorts, liveReload, host, port, configuration },
+            { scheme, flavor, list, json, target, sync, forwardPorts, liveReload, host, port, configuration },
           ) => {
             const { runCommand } = await import('./tasks/run');
             await runCommand(config, platform, {
               scheme,
               flavor,
               list,
+              json,
               target,
               sync,
               forwardPorts,
diff --git a/cli/src/tasks/run.ts b/cli/src/tasks/run.ts
index 2c3afd8a0..7217d6123 100644
--- a/cli/src/tasks/run.ts
+++ b/cli/src/tasks/run.ts
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ export interface RunCommandOptions {
   scheme?: string;
   flavor?: string;
   list?: boolean;
+  json?: boolean;
   target?: string;
   sync?: boolean;
   forwardPorts?: string;
@@ -67,8 +68,7 @@ export async function runCommand(
         id: t.id ?? '?',
       }));
 
-      // TODO: make hidden commander option (https://github.com/tj/commander.js/issues/1106)
-      if (process.argv.includes('--json')) {
+      if (options.json) {
         process.stdout.write(`${JSON.stringify(outputTargets)}\n`);
       } else {
         const rows = outputTargets.map((t) => [t.name, t.api, t.id]);
diff --git a/cli/src/util/subprocess.ts b/cli/src/util/subprocess.ts
index b6067c4ec..c4743bdec 100644
--- a/cli/src/util/subprocess.ts
+++ b/cli/src/util/subprocess.ts
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ export async function runCommand(
   } catch (e) {
     if (e instanceof SubprocessError) {
       // old behavior of just throwing the stdout/stderr strings
-      throw e.output ? e.output : e.code ? e.code : e.error ? e.error.message : 'Unknown error';
+      throw e.output ? e.output : e.cause ? `${e.message} ${e.cause.toString()}` : e.code ? e.code : 'Unknown error';
     }
 
     throw e;
diff --git a/cli/tsconfig.json b/cli/tsconfig.json
index b254c555c..a36770895 100644
--- a/cli/tsconfig.json
+++ b/cli/tsconfig.json
@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@
     "declaration": true,
     "esModuleInterop": true,
     "importHelpers": true,
-    "lib": ["es2019"],
+    "lib": [
+      "ES2021",
+      "ES2022.Error"
+    ],
     "module": "commonjs",
     "moduleResolution": "node",
     "noEmitHelpers": true,