diff --git a/semver/parse_range_test.ts b/semver/parse_range_test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..e02d44d3f8ef5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/semver/parse_range_test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,869 @@
+// Copyright Isaac Z. Schlueter and Contributors. All rights reserved. ISC license.
+// Copyright 2018-2024 the Deno authors. All rights reserved. MIT license.
+import { assertEquals } from "../assert/mod.ts";
+import { parseRange } from "./parse_range.ts";
+import type { Range } from "./types.ts";
+
+Deno.test("parseRange() parse ranges of different kinds", () => {
+  const ranges: [string, Range][] = [
+    ["1.0.0 - 2.0.0", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+        {
+          operator: "<=",
+          major: 2,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["1.2.3+asdf - 2.4.3+asdf", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 2,
+          patch: 3,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+        {
+          operator: "<=",
+          major: 2,
+          minor: 4,
+          patch: 3,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^1.2.3+build", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 3, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^1.2.3+build", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 3, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["1.2.3-pre+asdf - 2.4.3-pre+asdf", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 2,
+          patch: 3,
+          prerelease: ["pre"],
+          build: [],
+        },
+        {
+          operator: "<=",
+          major: 2,
+          minor: 4,
+          patch: 3,
+          prerelease: ["pre"],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^1.2.3", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 3, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^1.2", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    [">1.2", [[{ operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 3, patch: 0 }]]],
+    ["<=1.2.3", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: "<=",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 2,
+          patch: 3,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^1.2.3", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 3, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["<1.2.3", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: "<",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 2,
+          patch: 3,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["=1.2.3", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: undefined,
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 2,
+          patch: 3,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["=0.7.x", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 7, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 0, minor: 8, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    [">=0.7.x", [[{ operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 7, patch: 0 }]]],
+    ["1.0.0", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: undefined,
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    [">=1.0.0", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    [">=1.0.0", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    [">=1.0.0", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    [">1.0.0", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    [">1.0.0", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["<=2.0.0", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: "<=",
+          major: 2,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["<=2.0.0", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: "<=",
+          major: 2,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["<=2.0.0", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: "<=",
+          major: 2,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["<2.0.0", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: "<",
+          major: 2,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["<2.0.0", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: "<",
+          major: 2,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    [">=0.1.97", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 0,
+          minor: 1,
+          patch: 97,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["0.1.20 || 1.2.4", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: undefined,
+          major: 0,
+          minor: 1,
+          patch: 20,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+      [
+        {
+          operator: undefined,
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 2,
+          patch: 4,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    [">=0.2.3 || <0.0.1", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 0,
+          minor: 2,
+          patch: 3,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+      [
+        {
+          operator: "<",
+          major: 0,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 1,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    [">=0.2.3 || <0.0.1", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 0,
+          minor: 2,
+          patch: 3,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+      [
+        {
+          operator: "<",
+          major: 0,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 1,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["2.x.x", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 3, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["1.2.x", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 1, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["1.2.x || 2.x", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 1, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 3, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["1.2.x || 2.x", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 1, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 3, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["2.*.*", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 3, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["2.*.*", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 3, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["1.2.*", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 1, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["1.2.* || 2.*", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 1, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 3, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["1.2.* || 2.*", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 1, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 3, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["2", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 3, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["2.3", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 2, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 4, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["~0.0.1", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 0, patch: 1, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 0, minor: 1, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["~0.0.1", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 0, patch: 1, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 0, minor: 1, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["~2.4", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 2, minor: 4, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 5, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["~2.4", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 2, minor: 4, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 5, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["~>3.2.1", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 3, minor: 2, patch: 1, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 3, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["~>3.2.1", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 3, minor: 2, patch: 1, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 3, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["~1", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["~>1", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["~1.0", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 1, minor: 1, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["<1", [[{ operator: "<", major: 1, minor: 0, patch: 0 }]]],
+    [">=1.2", [[{ operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 0 }]]],
+    ["~v0.5.4-beta", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 0,
+          minor: 5,
+          patch: 4,
+          prerelease: ["beta"],
+        },
+        { operator: "<", major: 0, minor: 6, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["=0.7.x", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 7, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 0, minor: 8, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    [">=0.7.x", [[{ operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 7, patch: 0 }]]],
+    ["<0.7.x", [[{ operator: "<", major: 0, minor: 7, patch: 0 }]]],
+    [">1.2", [[{ operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 3, patch: 0 }]]],
+    ["^0.0.1", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 0, patch: 1, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 0, minor: 0, patch: 2 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^0.0.1", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 0, patch: 1, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 0, minor: 0, patch: 2 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^1.2.3", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 3, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^1.2.3", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 3, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^1.2", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["blerg", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: "<",
+          major: 0,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+          semver: { major: 0, minor: 0, patch: 0, prerelease: [], build: [] },
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^1.2.3", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 3, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+  ];
+
+  for (const [r, expected] of ranges) {
+    const range = parseRange(r);
+    assertEquals(range, expected, 'call to parseRange("' + r + '") failed');
+  }
+});
+
+Deno.test("parseRange() parse ranges with hyphens", () => {
+  const ranges: [string, Range][] = [
+    ["1.2.3 - 2.3.4", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 2,
+          patch: 3,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+        {
+          operator: "<=",
+          major: 2,
+          minor: 3,
+          patch: 4,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["1.2 - 2.3.4", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 2,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+        {
+          operator: "<=",
+          major: 2,
+          minor: 3,
+          patch: 4,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["1.2.3 - 2.3", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 2,
+          patch: 3,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+        {
+          operator: "<",
+          major: 2,
+          minor: 4,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["1.2.3 - 2", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 2,
+          patch: 3,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+        {
+          operator: "<",
+          major: 3,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 0,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+  ];
+
+  for (const [r, expected] of ranges) {
+    const range = parseRange(r);
+    assertEquals(range, expected, 'call to parseRange("' + r + '") failed');
+  }
+});
+
+Deno.test("parseRange() parses ranges with x", () => {
+  const ranges: [string, Range][] = [
+    ["*", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: "",
+          major: NaN,
+          minor: NaN,
+          patch: NaN,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+          semver: {
+            major: NaN,
+            minor: NaN,
+            patch: NaN,
+            prerelease: [],
+            build: [],
+          },
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["1.x", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["1.2.x", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 1, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: undefined,
+          major: NaN,
+          minor: NaN,
+          patch: NaN,
+          prerelease: [],
+          build: [],
+          semver: {
+            major: NaN,
+            minor: NaN,
+            patch: NaN,
+            prerelease: [],
+            build: [],
+          },
+        },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["1", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["1.2", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 1, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+  ];
+
+  for (const [r, expected] of ranges) {
+    const range = parseRange(r);
+    assertEquals(range, expected, 'call to parseRange("' + r + '") failed');
+  }
+});
+
+Deno.test("parseRanges() parses ranges with tilde", () => {
+  const ranges: [string, Range][] = [
+    ["~1.2.3", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 3, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 1, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["~1.2", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 1, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["~1", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["~0.2.3", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 2, patch: 3, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 0, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["~0.2", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 2, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 0, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["~0", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 1, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["~1.2.3-beta.2", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 2,
+          patch: 3,
+          prerelease: ["beta", 2],
+        },
+        { operator: "<", major: 1, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+  ];
+
+  for (const [r, expected] of ranges) {
+    const range = parseRange(r);
+    assertEquals(range, expected, 'call to parseRange("' + r + '") failed');
+  }
+});
+
+Deno.test("parseRange() parses ranges with caret", () => {
+  const ranges: [string, Range][] = [
+    ["^1.2.3", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 3, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^0.2.3", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 2, patch: 3, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 0, minor: 3, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^0.0.3", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 0, patch: 3, prerelease: [] },
+        { operator: "<", major: 0, minor: 0, patch: 4 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^1.2.3-beta.2", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 1,
+          minor: 2,
+          patch: 3,
+          prerelease: ["beta", 2],
+        },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^0.0.3-beta", [
+      [
+        {
+          operator: ">=",
+          major: 0,
+          minor: 0,
+          patch: 3,
+          prerelease: ["beta"],
+        },
+        { operator: "<", major: 0, minor: 0, patch: 4 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^1.2.x", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 2, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^0.0.x", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 0, minor: 1, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^0.0", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 0, minor: 1, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^1.x", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 1, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 2, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+    ["^0.x", [
+      [
+        { operator: ">=", major: 0, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+        { operator: "<", major: 1, minor: 0, patch: 0 },
+      ],
+    ]],
+  ];
+
+  for (const [r, expected] of ranges) {
+    const range = parseRange(r);
+    assertEquals(range, expected, 'call to parseRange("' + r + '") failed');
+  }
+});